CN114509222A - System and method for detecting air tightness and leakage rate of aerostat envelope - Google Patents
System and method for detecting air tightness and leakage rate of aerostat envelope Download PDFInfo
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- CN114509222A CN114509222A CN202111670414.1A CN202111670414A CN114509222A CN 114509222 A CN114509222 A CN 114509222A CN 202111670414 A CN202111670414 A CN 202111670414A CN 114509222 A CN114509222 A CN 114509222A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 49
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
- G01M3/32—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors for containers, e.g. radiators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
- G01F22/00—Methods or apparatus for measuring volume of fluids or fluent solid material, not otherwise provided for
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a detection system and a method for air tightness and leakage rate of an aerostat capsule, wherein the detection system comprises an aerostat, a buffer air bag, an air source, a data acquisition and control system, an air source switch valve, an air supplement control valve, a three-way valve, an air leakage control valve, an exhaust valve, a differential pressure valve, an aerostat differential pressure transmitter, an aerostat pressure transmitter, a temperature transmitter network, an ambient temperature transmitter and an ambient pressure transmitter; the air source is communicated with the air supply control valve through the air source switch valve; the three-way valve is connected with an outlet of the air supply control valve, the air release control valve and the aerostat; the differential pressure valve is communicated with the aerostat and the buffer air bag; the air supply control valve and the air discharge control valve are controlled by the data acquisition and control system according to the acquired signal of the aerostat differential pressure transmitter; the temperature transmitter network comprises all temperature transmitters arranged in the aerostat; the invention has the advantages of accurate detection result, lower cost, convenient operation and high safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention provides a system and a method for detecting air tightness and leakage rate of an aerostat (comprising an airship and a balloon) bag body, which are used for detecting the air tightness and the leakage rate of the aerostat.
Background
The near space aerostat has the characteristics of low manufacturing and using cost, long standing time, good maintainability, large monitoring area, difficulty in being attacked by airplanes and ground air defense weapons and the like, and has wide application in various fields such as communication, navigation positioning, air traffic control, missile early warning, forest fire alarm, battlefield, atmospheric pollution monitoring and the like.
The air tightness of the aerostat capsule body cannot be guaranteed due to possible damage to the aerostat capsule body material in the processes of processing, transporting, recovering and the like, and the aerostat capsule body must be detected before flying.
The existing aerostat airtightness detection is divided into two types, one is to obtain the volume change of the detected aerostat by using image data three-dimensional reconstruction, the other is to avoid the volume change of the aerostat without any premise, and the result brings great uncertainty to the detection result. For example, for a 100m diameter balloon, a thousandth of the sagittal error results in a volume error of 1571m3. The three-dimensional reconstruction is difficult to obtain the accuracy of one-thousandth of error, and the error caused by avoiding the volume change of the aerostat without any premise is larger.
For leak rate detection, the gas currently reported is typically helium, since this is the buoyant gas used by most aerostats. Because the helium test is expensive and complex to operate, and the high-pressure helium tank also has potential safety hazards, a small amount of air for detecting the leakage rate is provided, and the leakage rate of the helium is replaced by the leakage rate of the air. However, the air leakage rate obtained by using air instead of helium is extremely different from that of helium, and a conversion method is not available so far.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a system and a method for detecting the air tightness and the leakage rate of an aerostat capsule, aiming at the problems existing in the detection of the air tightness and the leakage rate of the conventional aerostat.
The technical scheme of the aerostat envelope airtightness and leakage rate detection system provided by the invention is as follows: a detecting system for air tightness and leakage rate of an aerostat capsule comprises an aerostat, a buffer air bag, an air source, a data acquisition and control system, an air source switch valve, an air supplement control valve, a three-way valve, an air leakage control valve, an exhaust valve, a pressure difference valve, an aerostat pressure difference transmitter, an aerostat pressure transmitter, a temperature transmitter network, an environment temperature transmitter and an environment pressure transmitter; the air source is communicated with the air supply control valve through the air source switch valve; the three-way valve is connected with an outlet of the air supply control valve, the air release control valve and the aerostat; the differential pressure valve is communicated with the aerostat and the buffer air bag; the air supply control valve and the air discharge control valve are controlled by the data acquisition and control system according to the acquired signal of the aerostat differential pressure transmitter; the temperature transmitter network includes all temperature transmitters disposed within the aerostat.
The working principle of the technical scheme of the system is that gas of a gas source enters the aerostat through a gas source switch valve, a gas supplementing control valve and a three-way valve. When air supply is needed, the air supply switch valve is opened; when the air supply is not needed, the air supply switch valve is closed. When the aerostat needs to supplement air, the air supplement control valve is opened; and when the aerostat does not need air compensation, the air compensation control valve is closed. The data acquisition and control system acquires signals of the aerostat differential pressure transmitter, the aerostat pressure transmitter, the temperature transmitter network, the ambient temperature transmitter and the ambient pressure transmitter, and controls the air supply control valve and the air release control valve according to the signals of the aerostat differential pressure transmitter. The switch signal of the air supply control valve is a differential pressure signal of the aerostat differential pressure transmitter, the signal is collected by the data collection and control system and fed back to the air supply control valve, and the aerostat differential pressure can be controlled to be at a target value. The aerostat and the buffer air bag are communicated through a gas leakage control valve. When the aerostat needs to be deflated, the deflation control valve is opened; when no air leakage is needed, the air leakage control valve is closed. The switch signal of the air release control valve is the differential pressure signal of the aerostat differential pressure transmitter, the signal is collected by the data collection and control system and fed back to the air release control valve, and the aerostat differential pressure can be controlled to be at a target value. The air supply control valve is opened only when the aerostat needs air supply and is closed when the aerostat does not need air supply; the air leakage control valve is opened only when the aerostat needs air leakage and is closed when the aerostat does not need air leakage. So both are either in the off state at the same time or only one of them is on, but not both. The differential pressure valve is communicated with the aerostat and the buffer air bag, and the aerostat is opened to release air only when the differential pressure of the aerostat exceeds a safety value, so that overpressure protection is provided for the aerostat. Functionally, therefore, the differential pressure valve functions as a safety valve. The exhaust valve is used for exhausting the gas in the buffer air bag when the detection is started. Signals of the aerostat pressure transmitter and the temperature transmitter network are used for calculating the mass of the gas in the aerostat. The signals of the ambient temperature transmitter and the ambient pressure transmitter are used for calculating the gas mass in the buffer air bag.
As a preferred aerostat utricule gas tightness and leakage rate detecting system technical scheme, replace aerostat buoyancy lift gas with air, the air supply is the compressor, includes the gas holder between air supply ooff valve and the tonifying control valve, and the gas holder export sets up tonifying qi pressure transmitter and tonifying qi temperature transmitter. The signals of the air supply pressure transmitter and the air supply temperature transmitter are acquired by the data acquisition and control system and are used for calculating the air supply quality. At present, helium is almost used as buoyancy gas in aerostat. Helium tests are expensive and complex to operate, and high-pressure helium tanks also have potential safety hazards.
Another preferred aerostat envelope airtightness and leakage rate detection system has the technical scheme that the buffer airbag is made of airtight fabric and is cylindrical after being filled with air. This design facilitates measurement and calculation of the volume of gas within the cushioning bladder.
As an optimized detection scheme, air supply and air release are only carried out at the end of detection. That is, the make-up control valve and the bleed-off control valve are closed from the beginning of the test, and it is not decided whether make-up or bleed-off is required according to the aerostat pressure difference until the end of the test.
The invention provides a method for detecting the air tightness of an aerostat capsule, which comprises the following steps: by adopting the aerostat envelope air tightness and leakage rate detection system, the air quantity in the buffer air bag is zero at the beginning of detection, and the internal and external pressure differences of the aerostat are equal at the beginning and the end of detection; by adopting the detection method, the detection result meets any one of the two formulas (1), and the empty device capsule body has no leakage; the detection result satisfies any one of the two formulas (2), and the empty capsule body has leakage;
in the formula,. DELTA.mrMake up air (kg), Δ m for aerostatbTo cushion the air bag gas increase (kg), Δ m is calculated using the following equation:
in the formula: m is the mass (kg) of the gas in the aerostat; v is the aerostat volume (m)3) (ii) a R is a gas constant; p is the gas pressure (Pa) in the aerostat; t is the temperature (K) of the gas in the aerostat, measured by the temperature transmitter network 14; subscripts 1 and 2 represent the start and end of the assay, respectively.
The invention provides a method for detecting the leakage rate of an aerostat capsule, which comprises the following steps: by adopting the aerostat airbag air tightness and leakage rate detection system and the air tightness detection method, the aerostat airbag buoyancy gas leakage rate Qh(m3H) calculated by the following formula
In the formula: cfThe coefficient is related to local resistance, the preferred value range is 0.7-1.0, and the coefficient can be determined by experiments; rho is density; subscripts a and h represent air and lift gas, respectively; qaFor the measured air leakage rate of the aerostat, when the delta m is more than or equal to 0, the calculation is carried out by using the formula (5), and when the delta m is more than or equal to 0<When 0, the value is calculated by the formula (6).
In the formula, Δ t is a time from the start of detection to the end of detection.
In the summary above, the system components and detection methods are referred to in a broad sense, and it is possible to refer to the ideas, principles and methods of the present invention or to make modifications, improvements and equivalents based on the present invention. For example, the gas source is any device capable of providing gas under pressure, such as a pressure gas tank, a blower, etc., and the gas supply amount of the gas source may be measured by a flow measurement device. As another example, the differential pressure valve may be replaced with a corresponding relief valve. For another example, if the pipeline in which the vent valve is located is made of fabric (such as aerostat capsule body material), the vent valve is not needed, the pipeline is tied or tightened when sealing is needed, and the tying is removed when venting is needed. The invention resides in the claims hereinafter appended, including any amendments, modifications, extensions, and equivalents of the principles of the present invention, and methods of using same.
The aerostat capsule air tightness and leakage rate detection system and method provided by the invention have the advantages of accurate detection result, low cost, convenience in operation and high safety.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an aerostat bladder gas tightness and leak rate detection system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an aerostat bladder airtightness and leakage rate detection system using air; number designation in the figures:
1. the system comprises an aerostat, 2, a buffer air bag, 3, an air source, 4, a data acquisition and control system, 5, an air source switch valve, 6, an air supply control valve, 7, a three-way valve, 8, an air release control valve, 9, an exhaust valve, 10, a pressure difference valve, 11, an aerostat pressure difference transmitter, 12, an aerostat pressure transmitter, 13, a temperature transmitter network, 14, an ambient temperature transmitter, 15, an ambient pressure transmitter, 16, an air compressor or a fan, 17, an air storage tank, 18, an air supply pressure transmitter, 19 and an air supply temperature transmitter.
Detailed Description
The following description is made in conjunction with the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system for detecting the air tightness and the leakage rate of an aerostat capsule. Referring to fig. 1, gas from a gas source 3 enters an aerostat 1 through a gas source switch valve 5, a gas supply control valve 6 and a three-way valve 7. When the air source 3 is required to supply air, the air source switch valve 5 is opened; when the air supply 3 is not required, the air supply switching valve 5 is closed. When the aerostat 1 needs air supplement, the air supplement control valve 6 is opened; when the aerostat 1 does not need to be supplied with air, the air supply control valve 6 is closed. The data acquisition and control system 4 acquires signals of the aerostat differential pressure transmitter 11, the aerostat pressure transmitter 12, the temperature transmitter network 13, the ambient temperature transmitter 14 and the ambient pressure transmitter 15, and controls the air supply control valve 6 and the air release control valve 8 according to the signals of the aerostat differential pressure transmitter 11. The switching signal of the air-supply control valve 6 is a differential pressure signal of the aerostat differential pressure transmitter 11, and the signal is collected by the data collection and control system 4 and fed back to the air-supply control valve 6, so that the differential pressure of the aerostat 1 can be controlled at a target value. The aerostat 1 and the cushion bladder 2 are communicated through a bleed air control valve 8. When the aerostat 1 needs to be deflated, the deflation control valve 8 is opened; when no bleed is required, the bleed control valve 8 is closed. The switching signal of the air release control valve 8 is the differential pressure signal of the aerostat differential pressure transmitter 11, the signal is collected by the data collection and control system 4 and fed back to the air release control valve 8, and the differential pressure of the aerostat 1 can be controlled to be at a target value. The air supply control valve 6 is opened only when the aerostat 1 needs air supply and is closed when the aerostat does not need air supply; the air release control valve 8 is opened only when the aerostat 1 needs to be deflated, and is closed when the aerostat does not need to be deflated. So both are either in the off state at the same time or only one of them is on, but not both. The differential pressure valve 10 is communicated with the aerostat 1 and the buffer air bag 2, and is opened to release air only when the differential pressure of the aerostat 1 exceeds a safety value, so that overpressure protection is provided for the aerostat 1. Functionally, therefore, the differential pressure valve 10 functions as a safety valve. The differential pressure valve 9 is used for detecting the beginning and exhausting the gas in the buffer air bag 2. The signals of the aerostat pressure transmitter 12 and the temperature transmitter network 13 are used to calculate the gas mass in the aerostat 1. The signals of the ambient temperature transmitter 14 and the ambient pressure transmitter 15 are used for calculating the gas mass in the buffer balloon 2.
Fig. 2 is a system for detecting the air tightness and leakage rate of an aerostat capsule using air, which is a preferred embodiment of the embodiment shown in fig. 1. Referring to fig. 2, air is used to replace buoyancy lifting gas of the aerostat, the air source 1 is an air compressor or a fan 16, an air storage tank 17 is arranged between the air source switch valve 5 and the air supply control valve 6, and an air supply pressure transmitter 18 and an air supply temperature transmitter 19 are arranged at an outlet of the air storage tank 17. The signals of the air supply pressure transmitter 18 and the air supply temperature transmitter 19 are collected by the data acquisition and control system 4 and are used for calculating the air supply quality. The rest of the implementation method is the same as the scheme of the figure 1.
In another preferred technical scheme of the aerostat capsule air tightness and leakage rate detection system, the buffer air bag 2 shown in fig. 1 and 2 is made of airtight fabric and is cylindrical after being filled with air. This design facilitates measurement and calculation of the volume of gas within the buffer bag 2.
As an optimized detection scheme, air supply and air release are only carried out at the end of detection. That is, the make-up control valve 6 and the bleed-off control valve 8 are closed from the beginning of the test, and it is not decided whether make-up or bleed-off is required according to the differential pressure of the aerostat 1 until the end of the test.
Embodiments the system components referred to in fig. 1 and 2 are intended to be broad and may be modified, improved, and equivalents thereof in accordance with the spirit and scope of the present invention. For example, the gas source in fig. 1 is any device capable of providing gas under pressure, such as a pressurized gas tank or the like. As another example, the differential pressure valve may be replaced with a corresponding relief valve. For another example, if the pipeline in which the vent valve is located is made of fabric (such as aerostat capsule body material), the vent valve is not needed, the pipeline is tied or tightened when sealing is needed, and the tying is removed when venting is needed.
The invention provides an aerostat capsule air tightness detection method which comprises the following steps: by adopting the aerostat envelope air tightness and leakage rate detection system, the air quantity in the buffer air bag 2 is zero at the beginning of detection, and the internal and external pressure differences of the aerostat are equal at the beginning and the end of detection; by adopting the detection method, the detection result meets any one of the two formulas (1), and the empty device capsule body has no leakage; the detection result satisfies any one of the two formulas (2), and the empty capsule body has leakage;
in the formula,. DELTA.mrSupplement gas (kg) for aerostat, Δ mbTo increase the amount of gas (kg) in the cushion airbag 2,. DELTA.m is calculated by the following equation:
in the formula: m is the mass (kg) of the gas in the aerostat; v is the aerostat volume (m)3) (ii) a R is a gas constant; p is the gas pressure (Pa) in the aerostat; t is the temperature (K) of the gas in the aerostat, measured by a temperature transmitter network 13; subscripts 1 and 2 represent the start and end of the assay, respectively.
The invention provides an aerostat capsule air tightness detection method which comprises the following steps: by adopting the aerostat airbag air tightness and leakage rate detection system and the air tightness detection method, the aerostat airbag buoyancy gas leakage rate Qh(m3H) calculated by the following formula
In the formula: cfThe coefficient is related to local resistance, the preferred value range is 0.7-1.0, and the coefficient can be determined by experiments; rho is density; subscripts a and h represent air and lift gas, respectively; qaFor the measured air leakage rate of the aerostat, when the delta m is more than or equal to 0, the calculation is carried out by the formula (5), and when the delta m is more than or equal to 0<When 0, the value is calculated by the formula (6).
In the formula, Δ t is a time from the start of detection to the end of detection.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof. Any modification, improvement, extension or equivalent made by referring to the idea, principle and method of the present invention or on the basis of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides an aerostatics utricule gas tightness and leakage rate detecting system which characterized in that: the detection system comprises an aerostat (1), a buffer air bag (2), an air source (3), a data acquisition and control system (4), an air source switch valve (5), an air supply control valve (6), a three-way valve (7), an air release control valve (8), an exhaust valve (9), a differential pressure valve (10), an aerostat differential pressure transmitter (11), an aerostat pressure transmitter (12), a temperature transmitter network (13), an ambient temperature transmitter (14) and an ambient pressure transmitter (15); the air source (3) is communicated with the air supply control valve (6) through the air source switch valve (5); the three-way valve (7) is connected with the outlet of the air supply control valve (6), the air leakage control valve (8) and the aerostat (1); the differential pressure valve (10) is communicated with the aerostat (1) and the buffer air bag (2); the air supply control valve (6) and the air leakage control valve (8) are controlled by the data acquisition and control system (4) according to the acquired signal of the aerostat differential pressure transmitter (11); the temperature transmitter network (13) comprises all temperature transmitters arranged in the aerostat.
2. The aerostat capsule airtightness and leakage rate detection system according to claim 1, wherein: air replaces buoyancy lift gas of the aerostat, and a gas source (3) is a gas compressor (16); an air storage tank (17) is arranged between the air source switch valve (5) and the air supply control valve (6); an air supply pressure transmitter (18) and an air supply temperature transmitter (19) are arranged at the outlet of the air storage tank (17).
3. The aerostat capsule airtightness and leakage rate detection system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the buffer air bag (2) is made of airtight fabric and is cylindrical after being filled with air.
4. The aerostat envelope air tightness detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps: detecting with the detection system of any one of claims 1 to 3, the air volume in the buffer air bag (2) is zero at the beginning of the detection, and the pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the aerostat is equal at the beginning and the end of the detection; the detection result meets any one of the two formulas (1), and the empty capsule body has no leakage; the detection result satisfies any one of the two formulas (2), and the empty capsule body has leakage;
in the formula,. DELTA.mrMake up air quantity for aerostat, delta mbFor the gas increase of the cushion airbag (2), Δ m is calculated by the following formula:
in the formula: m is the mass of the gas in the aerostat; v is the volume of the aerostat; r is a gas constant; p is the gas pressure in the aerostat; t is the temperature of the gas in the aerostat, and is measured by a temperature transmitter network (13); subscripts 1 and 2 represent the start and end of the assay, respectively.
5. A method for detecting the leakage rate of an aerostat capsule is characterized by comprising the following steps: based on the aerostat envelope airtightness detection method according to claim 4, the aerostat envelope buoyancy gas leakage rate QhCalculated by the following equation
In the formula: cfIs a coefficient related to local resistance; rho is density; subscripts a and h represent air and lift gas, respectively; qaFor the measured air leakage rate of the aerostat, when the delta m is more than or equal to 0, the calculation is carried out by using the formula (5), and when the delta m is more than or equal to 0<0 hour is calculated by equation (6)
In the formula, Δ t is a time from the start of detection to the end of detection.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111670414.1A CN114509222A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | System and method for detecting air tightness and leakage rate of aerostat envelope |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111670414.1A CN114509222A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | System and method for detecting air tightness and leakage rate of aerostat envelope |
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