CN114508307A - Biomimetic high impact polycrystalline diamond compact - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a bionic high-impact-resistance polycrystalline diamond compact, which is characterized in that by using a bird tail mantis shrimp foot attachment structure, polycrystalline diamond, hard alloy and alloy steel are sequentially distributed on the working surface of the compact from outside to inside along the radial direction or/and from top to bottom along the axial direction, the hardness of the polycrystalline diamond, the hard alloy and the alloy steel is sequentially reduced, the deformability is sequentially enhanced, and an energy-absorbing and vibration-damping structure is formed; in the process of rock breaking, when the composite sheet is impacted, stress waves generated by the impact are reflected and refracted at the material interface position, so that the stress waves can be effectively weakened and counteracted; for polycrystalline diamond, hard alloy and alloy steel are easier to deform under the impact action, impact energy can be effectively absorbed, polycrystalline diamond is protected, impact damage to a composite sheet is avoided, the impact resistance of the composite sheet is improved, the service life of the composite sheet is prolonged, the overall working performance of a drill bit is greatly improved, and drilling acceleration and synergism are realized.

Description

Biomimetic high impact polycrystalline diamond compact

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling tools for oil and natural gas exploration, in particular to a bionic high-impact polycrystalline diamond composite sheet imitating a mantis shrimp attachment foot structure.

Background technique

Due to the high impact load of the drill bit in the process of drilling hard formations, the polycrystalline diamond composite sheet is easily damaged, resulting in short life of the drill bit and low drilling efficiency. In order to improve the impact resistance of the polycrystalline diamond composite sheet, researchers have carried out a lot of optimization and improvement on the structure and shape of the composite sheet, such as changing the shape of the working surface of the composite sheet and increasing the thickness of the polycrystalline diamond layer, but the field application effect is still not satisfactory.

In nature, the bird-tailed mantis shrimp is a marine crustacean with a hammer-like attachment structure that can be used to slam into prey at high speed. In order to withstand the impact force formed by the acceleration of up to 10,000G, the bird-tailed mantis shrimp has evolved a special attachment structure: the outermost layer is highly crystalline hydroxyapatite, the lower layer is uncrystallized multi-layer hydroxyapatite, and the innermost layer is As chitin, the above-mentioned hard and soft structure has extremely high impact resistance properties.

Inspired by this, it is urgent to carry out biomimetic research on the attached foot structure of the sparrow mantis shrimp, and design a biomimetic high-impact polycrystalline diamond composite sheet, which has good impact resistance in the process of rock breaking and can greatly improve the hardness of the composite sheet. The working life of the formation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a bionic high-impact polycrystalline diamond composite sheet, which can greatly improve the impact resistance of the composite sheet in the process of rock breaking, prolong the working life of the composite sheet, and improve the hard rock formation. The drilling efficiency of the drill bit.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: a bionic high-impact polycrystalline diamond composite sheet, the bionic high-impact polycrystalline diamond composite sheet is columnar, and the bionic high-impact The working face, from outside to inside along the radial direction, or/and from top to bottom along the axial direction, is sequentially distributed with polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide, alloy steel, the polycrystalline diamond, the cemented carbide, The hardness of the alloy steel decreases sequentially, and the deformability of the polycrystalline diamond, the cemented carbide, and the alloy steel increases sequentially.

The following are a number of further optimized designs for the bionic high-impact polycrystalline diamond composite sheet of the present invention:

Wherein, the bionic high-impact polycrystalline diamond composite sheet includes:

Cemented carbide base, the cemented carbide base is a columnar body, the side surface of the cemented carbide base is provided with a circumferential annular groove, the upper part of the circumferential annular groove is a circumferential boss, and the circumferential boss is connected with the hard alloy. An annular step is formed between the top surfaces of the cemented carbide base, and the top surface of the cemented carbide base is provided with a central hole extending in the axial direction;

a steel outer ring, the steel outer ring is arranged in the circumferential ring groove;

a steel inner core, the steel inner core is arranged in the central hole;

A polycrystalline diamond ring, the polycrystalline diamond ring is compounded on the annular step.

Wherein, the side surfaces of the steel outer ring, the circumferential boss and the polycrystalline diamond ring are flush.

Wherein, the top surfaces of the polycrystalline diamond ring, the cemented carbide substrate, and the steel inner core are flush.

Wherein, the steel outer ring includes two steel half-rings that are buckled.

Wherein, the steel outer ring is installed in the circumferential ring groove with interference.

Wherein, the steel inner core is installed in the center hole with interference.

Wherein, on the top surface, along the radial direction, define the outer diameter of the steel inner core as d ₁ , the outer diameter of the top surface of the cemented carbide base as d ₂ , and the outer diameter of the polycrystalline diamond ring as d ₃ , d ₁ :d ₂ :d ₃ =1:2:3.

Wherein, on the side, along the axial direction, the thickness of the polycrystalline diamond ring is defined as h ₁ , the thickness of the circumferential boss is h ₂ , and the thickness of the steel outer ring is h ₃ , h ₁ :h ₂ :h3 ₌ 1:1:1.

Wherein, the thickness of the steel inner core is defined as H, and H=h ₁ +h ₂ +h ₃ .

After adopting the above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention has achieved the following beneficial effects at least:

Since the bionic high-impact-resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet of the present invention draws on the attachment structure of the mantis shrimp, on the working surface of the composite sheet, from outside to inside along the radial direction, or/and from top to bottom along the axial direction , there are three different materials of polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide, and alloy steel in turn. The hardness of polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide, and alloy steel decreases in turn, and the deformation ability of polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide, and alloy steel increases in turn. Form an energy-absorbing and vibration-damping structure; in the process of rock breaking, when the composite sheet is subjected to radial or/and axial impact, on the one hand, the stress wave generated by the impact is reflected and refracted at the material interface, which can effectively weaken and offset the stress wave At the same time, on the other hand, compared with polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide and alloy steel are more prone to deformation under impact, which can effectively absorb impact energy, protect polycrystalline diamond, avoid impact damage to the composite sheet, and improve the impact resistance of the composite sheet. performance, prolonging the service life of the composite sheet, thereby greatly improving the overall working performance of the drill bit, and realizing the increase of drilling speed and efficiency.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of a bionic high-impact polycrystalline diamond composite sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the composite sheet in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the top surface structure of the composite sheet in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the cemented carbide substrate in Fig. 1;

In the figure: 1. Carbide base body; 11. Circumferential annular groove; 12. Circumferential boss; 13. Annular step; 14. Center hole; 2. Polycrystalline diamond ring; 3. Steel inner core; 4. Steel Half ring; d ₁ , outer diameter of steel inner core; d ₂ , outer diameter of cemented carbide substrate top surface; d ₃ , outer diameter of polycrystalline diamond ring; h ₁ , thickness of polycrystalline diamond ring; h ₂ , circumferential convex table thickness; h ₃ , thickness of steel outer ring; H, thickness of steel inner core.

Detailed ways

The essence of the technical concept of the biomimetic high-impact polycrystalline diamond composite sheet of the present invention lies in that, drawing on the attachment structure of the sparrow mantis shrimp, on the working surface of the columnar composite sheet, from the outside to the inside along the radial direction, or/and along the From top to bottom in the axial direction, there are three different materials: polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide, and alloy steel. The hardness of polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide, and alloy steel decreases in turn. The deformation ability of the alloy steel increases in turn, forming an energy-absorbing and vibration-damping structure; in the process of rock breaking, the polycrystalline diamond is protected, the impact damage of the composite sheet is avoided, and the impact resistance of the composite sheet is improved.

The present invention will be further detailed and non-limiting description below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the bionic high-impact polycrystalline diamond composite sheet according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes: a cemented carbide substrate 1, a polycrystalline diamond ring 2, a steel inner core combined together 3 and steel outer ring.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the cemented carbide base body 1 is a columnar body, specifically a cylindrical shape. A circumferential annular groove 11 is provided on the side surface of the cemented carbide base body 1 . Above the circumferential annular groove 11 is a circumferential boss 12 . An annular step 13 is formed between the upper table surface of the boss 12 and the top surface of the cemented carbide base 1 , and a central hole 14 extending in the axial direction is provided in the middle of the top surface of the cemented carbide base 1 .

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 4 , the steel inner core 3 is arranged in the central hole 14, and the steel inner core 3 is preferably installed in the central hole 14 by means of interference; the polycrystalline diamond ring 2 is compounded by a method known in the art on the annular step 13; the steel outer ring is arranged in the circumferential ring groove 11, and the steel outer ring is preferably installed in the circumferential ring groove 11 by means of interference. For the convenience of installation, the steel outer ring is optimally designed as a component structure. of the two steel half-rings 4. In addition, the further optimized design is that the side surfaces of the steel half ring 4, the circumferential boss 12, and the polycrystalline diamond ring 2 are flush; the top surfaces of the polycrystalline diamond ring 2, the cemented carbide substrate 1, and the steel inner core 3 are flush flat.

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, on the top surface of the composite sheet, along the radial direction, the outer diameter of the steel inner core 3 is defined as d ₁ , the outer diameter of the top surface of the cemented carbide substrate 1 is d ₂ , and the polycrystalline diamond ring is defined as The outer diameter of 2 is d ₃ , and the optimal design is d ₁ :d ₂ :d ₃ =1:2:3. On the side of the composite sheet, along the axial direction, the thickness of the polycrystalline diamond ring 2 is defined as h ₁ , the thickness of the circumferential boss 12 of the cemented carbide base 1 is h ₂ , the thickness of the steel half ring 4 is h ₃ , and the thickness of the steel half ring 4 is h 3 . The thickness of the mass inner core 3 is H, and the optimal design is h ₁ :h ₂ :h ₃ =1:1:1, H=h ₁ +h ₂ +h ₃ .

Because the bionic high-impact-resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet of the embodiment of the present invention draws on the structure of the foot of the sparrow mantis shrimp, on the working surface of the composite sheet, from outside to inside along the radial direction, and from top to bottom along the axial direction, There are three different materials of polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide and alloy steel distributed in sequence. The hardness of polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide and alloy steel decreases in turn, and the deformation capacity increases in turn, thus forming an energy-absorbing and vibration-damping structure; the rock breaking process When the composite sheet is subjected to radial and axial impact, on the one hand, the stress wave generated by the impact is reflected and refracted at the material interface, which can effectively weaken and offset the stress wave; at the same time, on the other hand, compared with polycrystalline diamond, , Cemented carbide and alloy steel are more prone to deformation under impact, which can effectively absorb impact energy, protect polycrystalline diamond, avoid impact damage to the composite sheet, improve the impact resistance of the composite sheet, prolong the service life of the composite sheet, and greatly improve the The overall working performance of the drill bit is improved, and the drilling speed and efficiency are improved.

Obviously, the technical concept of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. In the radial and axial directions of the working surface of the composite sheet, from outside to inside, from top to bottom, polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide, and alloy steel are distributed in sequence. three different materials. Based on the technical concept of the present invention, the following embodiments can also be obtained:

Embodiment 2

Compared with the first embodiment, in the second embodiment, three different materials of polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide, and alloy steel are sequentially distributed in the radial direction of the working surface of the composite sheet, from the outside to the inside, and no steel outer surface is provided. ring.

Embodiment 3

Compared with the first embodiment, in the third embodiment, three different materials of polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide, and alloy steel are sequentially distributed in the axial direction of the working surface of the composite sheet, from top to bottom. core.

Compared with the first embodiment, the structures of the second and third embodiments are relatively simple, and the energy absorption and vibration reduction effect is slightly weaker than that of the first embodiment. Objectively, they can also weaken and offset stress waves, absorb impact energy, protect The purpose of polycrystalline diamond. As for the specific structures of the second and third embodiments, those skilled in the art can specifically design them according to the technical concepts of the second and third embodiments, and will not be illustrated or described in detail here.

The above are examples of preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the parts not described in detail are known technologies in the art. The protection scope of the present invention is subject to the content of the claims. Anything based on the technical inspiration of the present invention The equivalent transformations performed are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The bionic high-impact polycrystalline diamond composite sheet, the bionic high-impact polycrystalline diamond composite sheet is columnar, and it is characterized in that, on the working surface of the bionic high-impact polycrystalline diamond composite sheet, along the radial direction From the outside to the inside, or/and from top to bottom along the axial direction, polycrystalline diamond, cemented carbide, and alloy steel are sequentially distributed, and the hardness of the polycrystalline diamond, the cemented carbide, and the alloy steel are sequentially Decrease, the deformability of the polycrystalline diamond, the cemented carbide, and the alloy steel increases sequentially. 2. The biomimetic high-impact polycrystalline diamond compact of claim 1, wherein the bionic high-impact polycrystalline diamond compact comprises: Cemented carbide base, the cemented carbide base is a columnar body, the side surface of the cemented carbide base is provided with a circumferential annular groove, the upper part of the circumferential annular groove is a circumferential boss, and the circumferential boss is connected with the hard alloy. An annular step is formed between the top surfaces of the cemented carbide base, and the top surface of the cemented carbide base is provided with a central hole extending along the axial direction; a steel outer ring, the steel outer ring is arranged in the circumferential ring groove; a steel inner core, the steel inner core is arranged in the central hole; A polycrystalline diamond ring, the polycrystalline diamond ring is compounded on the annular step. 3 . The bionic high-impact-resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet according to claim 2 , wherein the sides of the outer steel ring, the circumferential boss and the polycrystalline diamond ring are flush. 4 . 4 . The bionic high-impact polycrystalline diamond composite sheet according to claim 2 , wherein the top surfaces of the polycrystalline diamond ring, the cemented carbide substrate and the steel inner core are flush. 5 . 5 . The bionic high-impact polycrystalline diamond composite sheet according to claim 2 , wherein the steel outer ring comprises two steel half-rings that are buckled together. 6 . 6 . The bionic high-impact polycrystalline diamond composite sheet of claim 2 , wherein the steel outer ring is installed in the circumferential ring groove with interference. 7 . 7 . The bionic high-impact polycrystalline diamond composite sheet according to claim 2 , wherein the steel inner core is installed in the central hole with interference. 8 . 8 . The bionic high-impact polycrystalline diamond compact of claim 2 , wherein on the top surface, along the radial direction, the outer diameter of the steel inner core is defined as d ₁ , and the cemented carbide is defined as d 1 . The outer diameter of the top surface of the base body is d ₂ , the outer diameter of the polycrystalline diamond ring is d ₃ , and d ₁ : d ₂ : d ₃ =1:2:3. 9 . The bionic high-impact polycrystalline diamond compact according to claim 2 , wherein on the side, along the axial direction, the thickness of the polycrystalline diamond ring is defined as h ₁ , and the thickness of the circumferential boss is defined as h 1 . The thickness is h ₂ , the thickness of the steel outer ring is h ₃ , and h ₁ : h ₂ : h ₃ =1:1:1. 10 . The bionic high-impact polycrystalline diamond compact of claim 9 , wherein the thickness of the steel inner core is defined as H, where H=h ₁ +h ₂ +h ₃ . 11 .

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