CN114508234A - Anti-crack construction method for basement concrete outer wall - Google Patents
Anti-crack construction method for basement concrete outer wall Download PDFInfo
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- CN114508234A CN114508234A CN202210086916.8A CN202210086916A CN114508234A CN 114508234 A CN114508234 A CN 114508234A CN 202210086916 A CN202210086916 A CN 202210086916A CN 114508234 A CN114508234 A CN 114508234A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
- E04G11/08—Forms, which are completely dismantled after setting of the concrete and re-built for next pouring
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G17/00—Connecting or other auxiliary members for forms, falsework structures, or shutterings
- E04G17/06—Tying means; Spacers ; Devices for extracting or inserting wall ties
- E04G17/065—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are threaded to enable their fastening or tensioning
- E04G17/0655—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are threaded to enable their fastening or tensioning the element consisting of several parts
- E04G17/0657—Tying means, the tensional elements of which are threaded to enable their fastening or tensioning the element consisting of several parts fully recoverable
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/24—Safety or protective measures preventing damage to building parts or finishing work during construction
- E04G21/246—Safety or protective measures preventing damage to building parts or finishing work during construction specially adapted for curing concrete in situ, e.g. by covering it with protective sheets
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a basement concrete outer wall crack prevention construction method, which belongs to the field of concrete construction and comprises the following steps: s1, preparing a concrete mixture with low viscosity, no obvious phenomenon of stone hanging and no obvious bleeding or slurry bleeding performance by controlling the mixture ratio of the raw materials; s2 concrete pouring; s3, determining the mould removing time according to the ambient air temperature, and removing the mould after the mould removing time is reached; s4, within 12h after the form removal, the concrete water-saving and moisture-preserving curing film is used for film-coating curing on the surface of the concrete, so that the surface layer of the concrete is in an environment with the humidity more than or equal to 90% until the preset strength is reached. The method of the invention increases favorable factors and reduces unfavorable factors as much as possible by concrete performance control, early and timely form removal time and timely and continuous high-humidity moisture-preserving maintenance measures, and realizes effective control of cracks by taking improvement of the self crack resistance of the concrete and reduction of accumulation of shrinkage as assistance, thereby having reproducibility and generalizability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete construction, in particular to a basement concrete outer wall crack prevention construction method.
Background
Generally, the basement concrete outer wall structure has the concrete strength grade of C30-C40, the thickness of 300-600mm, the single pouring length of about 30-60m and an overlong structure, and the adopted concrete is basically large-fluidity concrete with the slump of more than 180 mm.
With the development of additive technology, the application of admixture, the application of machine-made sand and extra-fine sand and the like, the existing concrete has the characteristics of larger shrinkage and more complexity compared with the traditional concrete with small slump, so that the early shrinkage cracks generated on the outer wall of a basement become a common phenomenon, the existing situation that one crack is formed at a distance of 2-3m is more generated, and the existing situation is displayed in a vertical form and mainly distributed at the midspan, the column side and the symmetrical positions of the midspan.
The vertical crack of the basement concrete outer wall is a typical constraint-shrinkage crack which is generated under the combined action of temperature deformation and humidity deformation under the common constraint of an upper structural plate and a lower structural plate. When the accumulation of shrinkage exceeds the self anti-cracking capacity of the concrete, the crack develops and expands. The development of cracks of the basement concrete outer wall is the result of multi-factor accumulation, and in engineering practice, some factors are beneficial to crack control and some factors are not beneficial to crack control. It can be said that the crack control is a process of the game of the beneficial factor and the disadvantageous factor, and the crack control effect is positively correlated with the result of the game.
The factors influencing the concrete cracks of the outer wall of the basement are many, and the two main aspects are as follows: 1. the self anti-cracking performance of the concrete is weak, and the interior of the concrete has more weak points which are not beneficial to crack control; 2. the shrinkage of concrete is large, and shrinkage deformation mainly including drying shrinkage, self-shrinkage and temperature shrinkage can cause cracks when the shrinkage exceeds the crack resistance of concrete. Therefore, it is a difficult problem to be solved at present to define the form of the concrete mixture with good crack resistance and the method for formulating the same, and how to reduce the influence of various shrinkage effects through the mix proportion design and construction process of the concrete.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that cracks are easy to generate in the construction process of a basement concrete outer wall in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a crack prevention construction method for the basement concrete outer wall.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a basement concrete outer wall crack control construction method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of concrete mixture: the concrete mixture with low viscosity, no obvious stone hanging phenomenon, exposed stone and no obvious bleeding or slurry bleeding performance is prepared by controlling the raw material ratio;
s2, pouring concrete;
s3, removing the concrete: determining the mold removal time according to the ambient air temperature, and performing mold removal after the mold removal time is reached;
s4, concrete curing: and within 12h after the form removal, performing film covering maintenance on the surface of the concrete by using the concrete water-saving and moisture-preserving maintenance film to enable the surface layer of the concrete to be in an environment with the humidity of more than or equal to 90% until the preset strength is reached.
Preferably, in S1, the viscosity of the concrete mixture is measured by the slump flow method, and the concrete mixture having the free flowing time of not more than 6S is judged as a low-viscosity concrete mixture.
Preferably, in S1, the concrete mixture is visually detected without substantial stone non-setting phenomenon, and it is determined that the concrete mixture without stone non-setting phenomenon is the concrete mixture without substantial stone non-setting phenomenon.
Preferably, in S1, the exposed stones are the largest coarse aggregates in the concrete mixture meeting the pumping requirements, the exposed stones of the concrete mixture are measured by visual estimation or tools, and the concrete mixture with the uniform exposed stones of 1/3 to 1/2 grain sizes is judged to be the concrete mixture of the exposed stones.
Preferably, in S1, the concrete mixture without obvious bleeding or slurry bleeding is detected by visually observing the bleeding or slurry bleeding on the surface after the test block is made, and the concrete mixture without obvious bleeding or slurry bleeding on the surface of the test block is judged to be the concrete mixture without obvious bleeding or slurry bleeding performance.
Preferably, in S3, the demold time is counted from the completion of concrete pouring, and the demold time in summer is 24 to 36 hours, the demold time in winter is 48 to 60 hours, and the demold time in spring and autumn is 36 to 48 hours.
Preferably, the strength of the concrete mixture prepared in S1 is more than 110% of the strength in the age.
Preferably, in S4, the predetermined strength is 90% of the strength of the concrete.
Preferably, the method adopts a three-section type water stopping screw rod for water stopping, and the three-section type water stopping screw rod is removed together when the mold is removed.
Preferably, when the concrete mixture uses the polycarboxylic acid type admixture, the use scheme and the use amount of the admixture are optimized by using the admixture with non-large molecular weight, adjusting the proportion of the water reducing mother liquor and the slump retaining mother liquor or performing a proper amount of admixture underdoping relative to a critical point; when the concrete mixture uses the naphthalene admixture, the use scheme and the dosage of the admixture are optimized by adjusting the proportion of the naphthalene and the aliphatic admixture or performing a mode of carrying out the underdoping of a proper amount of the admixture relative to a critical point.
By adopting the technical scheme, the method can be implemented by combining three main measures of concrete mixture performance control, timely early form removal, timely water-saving and moisture-preserving concrete curing film coating curing and the like under the given structural size and reinforcement design, so that the effective control of cracks is realized, and particularly, the method has the beneficial effects that:
1. the preparation of the concrete mixture without obvious stone slurry hanging phenomenon and obvious bleeding or slurry bleeding performance makes clear the performance control requirement of the concrete mixture with the stone slurry hanging on the basis of good wrapping property and water retention property, so as to improve the self anti-cracking performance of the concrete;
2. the preparation of concrete mixture with low viscosity and exposed stone can reduce the accumulation of concrete shrinkage effect as much as possible;
3. the early form removal time in due time can fully utilize the early deformation absorbing capacity of the concrete and quickly release the hydration heat to reduce the temperature peak of the concrete, thereby reducing the accumulation of shrinkage deformation and reducing the influence of adverse factors;
4. the early and continuous wet curing can play a good role in inhibiting self-shrinkage, reducing drying shrinkage and slowing down temperature shrinkage, thereby reducing the adverse effect of shrinkage deformation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on structures shown in the drawings, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the technical scheme, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for referring to the same or similar structures or corresponding structures with similar functions, and are not used for ranking the importance of the structures, or comparing the sizes or other meanings.
In addition, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted" and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., the connection may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two structures can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and the two structures can be communicated with each other. To those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in light of the present general concepts, in connection with the specific context of the scheme.
A basement concrete outer wall crack control construction method mainly aims at basement concrete outer walls with the length not more than 50m, and the used concrete is generally high-fluidity concrete with the slump larger than 180mm, as shown in figure 1, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of concrete mixture: the concrete mixture with low viscosity, no obvious stone hanging phenomenon, no exposed stone and no obvious bleeding or slurry bleeding performance is prepared by controlling the raw material proportion.
And detecting the viscosity of the concrete mixture by a slump flow method, and judging that the concrete mixture with the air flowing time not more than 6s is the low-viscosity concrete mixture. The concrete mixture without obvious stone non-slurry-hanging phenomenon is visually detected, and the concrete mixture without stone non-slurry-hanging phenomenon is judged to be the concrete mixture without obvious stone non-slurry-hanging phenomenon. The exposed stones are the largest coarse aggregates meeting the pumping requirements in the concrete mixture, the exposed stones of the concrete mixture are estimated through visual observation or measured through tools, and the concrete mixture with the uniform exposed stones of 1/3-1/2 particle sizes is judged to be the concrete mixture of the exposed stones. The concrete mixture without obvious bleeding or slurry bleeding is detected by visually observing the surface bleeding or slurry bleeding condition after a test block is manufactured, and the concrete mixture without obvious bleeding or slurry bleeding on the surface of the test block is judged to be the concrete mixture without obvious bleeding or slurry bleeding performance.
It can be understood that the concrete mixture is usually prepared by using an additive in the actual preparation process, when the polycarboxylic acid type additive is used, the use scheme and the use amount of the additive are optimized by using the additive with non-large molecular weight, adjusting the proportion of the water reducing mother liquor and the slump retaining mother liquor or performing a mode of undermixing a proper amount of the additive relative to a critical point, namely the additive which is beneficial to avoiding the concrete from being easy to be partially sticky, bleeding and not hanging on stones needs to be used; when the naphthalene-based admixture is used, the use scheme and the use amount of the admixture are optimized by adjusting the proportion of the naphthalene-based admixture and the aliphatic admixture or carrying out a mode of carrying out proper admixture underdoping relative to a critical point, namely, the admixture which is beneficial to avoiding easy bleeding, poor wrapping property and insufficient fluidity (namely slightly larger fluidity, namely poor cohesiveness) of concrete needs to be used.
Moreover, on the basis of proper additive and water consumption, the matching of large and small stones, coarse and fine sand and sand ratio is carried out by taking the exposed stones and the slightly rough feeling (no obvious wrinkles) as targets. And the strength of the concrete mixture prepared in the S1 is required to be more than 110% of the strength in the age, and the use amounts of the mineral powder and the fly ash are determined by taking the strength requirement and the performance requirement of the concrete mixture formulated in the S1 as targets. And the slump loss of the concrete mixture is designed according to the conditions that the transportation time, the waiting time and the pouring time are respectively less than or equal to 30min and less than or equal to 40min, and the slump loss is required to be less than or equal to 20mm within the time.
Specifically, in this embodiment, taking C35 concrete as an example, the concrete mixture is obtained by the following proportioning design:
and S2, pouring concrete.
The method can be understood that the water stopping structure is installed in the concrete mold before pouring, so that water stopping is performed after pouring, the method of the embodiment adopts the three-section water stopping screw rod for water stopping, and the three-section water stopping screw rod is detached together in the subsequent mold detaching step.
S3, removing the concrete: and determining the mold stripping time according to the ambient air temperature, and stripping the mold after the mold stripping time is reached.
The form removing time is calculated from the concrete pouring completion, the form removing time in summer is 24-36h, the form removing time in winter is 48-60h, and the form removing time in spring and autumn is 36-48 h. The seasons are divided by the ambient temperature, with summer being more than 30 ℃ and winter being less than 10 ℃, and the rest of the temperatures being spring and autumn.
S4, concrete curing: and within 12h after the form removal, performing film covering maintenance on the surface of the concrete by using the concrete water-saving and moisture-preserving maintenance film to ensure that the surface layer of the concrete is in an environment with the humidity of more than or equal to 90% until the preset strength is reached.
The predetermined strength is related to the strength of the concrete (concrete strength) up to the standard of use, for example, up to 90% or more of the concrete strength, which is 15MPa, for example.
The concrete water-saving moisturizing curing film is used for film covering curing of the novel concrete water-saving moisturizing curing film with certain self-adhesion, water needs to be fully sprayed between the curing film and a gap of a concrete wall body, and the curing time lasts for more than 14 d.
The concrete outer wall of the basement without cracks can be obtained through the steps, so that the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the performance requirement of the concrete mixture for the outer wall structure of the basement is determined, whether the concrete meets the requirement is judged through the appearance of the concrete mixture, and the steps are very simple and visual; the method is a dynamic control method, the influence of favorable factors is increased as much as possible in the process, and the influence of unfavorable factors is reduced; the method provided by the invention has the advantages that through three main measures of concrete mixture performance control, early and timely form removal and film covering maintenance, the generation of shrinkage cracks can be effectively and greatly reduced or even avoided, the method is simple and effective, and the reproducibility is strong.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and the scope of protection is still within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A basement concrete outer wall crack control construction method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparation of concrete mixture: the concrete mixture with low viscosity, no obvious stone hanging phenomenon, exposed stone and no obvious bleeding or slurry bleeding performance is prepared by controlling the raw material ratio;
s2, pouring concrete;
s3, removing the concrete: determining the mold removal time according to the ambient air temperature, and performing mold removal after the mold removal time is reached;
s4, concrete curing: and within 12h after the form removal, adopting the water-saving and moisture-preserving curing film for curing the concrete surface to form a film on the concrete surface, and enabling the concrete surface to be in an environment with the humidity of more than or equal to 90% until the preset strength is reached.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: at S1, the viscosity of the concrete mixture is measured by the slump flow method, and the concrete mixture having the free flowing time of not more than 6S is judged as a low-viscosity concrete mixture.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: in S1, the concrete mixture is visually detected without obvious stone non-slurry phenomenon, and the concrete mixture without stone non-slurry phenomenon is judged to be the concrete mixture without obvious stone non-slurry phenomenon.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: in S1, the exposed stones are the largest coarse aggregates in the concrete mixture meeting the pumping requirements, the exposed stones of the concrete mixture are estimated by visual observation or measured by a tool, and the concrete mixture with the uniform exposed stones of 1/3-1/2 grain diameters is judged to be the concrete mixture of the exposed stones.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: in S1, the concrete mixture without obvious bleeding or slurry bleeding is detected by visually observing the bleeding or slurry bleeding on the surface after the test block is made, and the concrete mixture without obvious bleeding or slurry bleeding on the surface of the test block is judged to be the concrete mixture without obvious bleeding or slurry bleeding performance.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: in S3, the form removal time is calculated from the completion of concrete pouring, and the form removal time in summer is 24-36h, the form removal time in winter is 48-60h, and the form removal time in spring and autumn is 36-48 h.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: in S4, the predetermined strength is 90% of the strength of the concrete.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: the strength margin of the concrete mixture prepared in S1 is not more than 110% of the strength in the age.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein: the method adopts a three-section type water stopping screw rod for water stopping, and the three-section type water stopping screw rod is removed together when the mold is removed.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein: when the concrete mixture uses the polycarboxylic acid type admixture, the use scheme and the use amount of the admixture are optimized by using the admixture with non-large molecular weight, adjusting the proportion of the water reducing mother liquor and the slump retaining mother liquor or carrying out a mode of undermixing a proper amount of the admixture relative to a critical point; when the concrete mixture uses the naphthalene additives, the use scheme and the use amount of the additives are optimized by adjusting the proportion of the naphthalene additives and the aliphatic additives or carrying out a proper amount of additive underdoping relative to a critical point.
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