CN114499684B - Method and system for controlling stable working point of MZ modulator - Google Patents
Method and system for controlling stable working point of MZ modulator Download PDFInfo
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- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims 6
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/516—Details of coding or modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/50—Transmitters
- H04B10/564—Power control
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
In the method and the system for controlling the stability of the working point of the MZ modulator, firstly, a voltage-current working curve is obtained, an orthogonal bias point is found in the working curve, the working voltage of the MZ modulator is regulated to a voltage value corresponding to the orthogonal bias point, the working point is the bias working point at the moment, and a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near the bias working point in the current state of the MZ modulator are collected; fitting a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near a bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state to obtain a fitted curve, further obtaining a slope K of the fitted curve, calculating voltage deviation according to the initial photocurrent ratio, the actual photocurrent ratio and the slope K, further calculating compensation voltage of the MZ modulator according to the voltage deviation, and adjusting the working voltage of the MZ modulator to the compensation voltage can enable the MZ modulator to be in the bias working point state, wherein the adjustment can enable the working point of the MZ modulator to be stabilized at the bias working point.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of communication, in particular to a method and a system for controlling the stability of an operating point of an MZ modulator.
Background
The optical module is a tool for realizing photoelectric signal mutual conversion, and is one of key devices in optical communication equipment. The use of a silicon optical chip to realize a photoelectric conversion function has become a mainstream scheme adopted by a high-speed optical module.
In the silicon optical module, an MZ (Mach-Zehnder) modulator is included in the silicon optical chip. The optical carrier signal emitted by the laser enters the MZ modulator, and the high-speed data stream is loaded on the optical carrier signal in a driving voltage mode to complete the modulation of light.
The MZ modulator transfer function is nonlinear, and in order to avoid signal distortion, the modulator must be operated at a specific bias operating point, but the characteristics are easily changed due to heat generated during operation of the MZ modulator, environmental temperature change, etc., so that the operating point of the MZ modulator shifts from a preset bias operating point. When the working point drifts, the MZ modulator shows strong nonlinearity, reduces the maximum dynamic range of the optical communication connection, and when severe, the received optical signal cannot recover the original information, so that stable control of the working point of the MZ modulator is necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a method for controlling the stability of an operating point of an MZ modulator, so as to realize the stable control of the operating point of the MZ modulator.
The application provides a method for controlling the stability of an operating point of an MZ modulator, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring a voltage-current working curve of the MZ modulator;
determining a bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state by using the voltage-current working curve, and acquiring a photocurrent ratio in the bias working point state;
collecting a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near a bias working point in the current state of the MZ modulator;
fitting a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near a bias working point in the current state of the MZ modulator to obtain a fitting curve;
obtaining voltage deviation according to the fitting curve and the photocurrent ratio under the bias working point state;
and calculating the compensation voltage of the MZ modulator according to the obtained voltage deviation.
The beneficial effects are that:
according to the method for controlling the stability of the working point of the MZ modulator, when the change of the optical power collected by the optical power detectors arranged at the two output ends of the MZ modulator is monitored, the bias working point of the MZ modulator drifts, a voltage-current working curve is obtained by adjusting the working voltage loaded on the MZ modulator, a section where the maximum current value and the minimum current value are located is found in the working curve, the middle position point of the section is a quadrature bias point, the working voltage of the MZ modulator is regulated to the voltage value corresponding to the quadrature bias point, the working point of the MZ modulator is the bias working point at the moment, and a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near the bias working point in the current state of the MZ modulator are collected; fitting a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near a bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state to obtain a fitted curve, further obtaining a slope K of the fitted curve, calculating voltage deviation according to the initial photocurrent ratio, the actual photocurrent ratio and the slope K, further calculating compensation voltage of the MZ modulator according to the voltage deviation, adjusting the working voltage of the MZ modulator to the compensation voltage can enable the MZ modulator to be in the bias working point state, and the adjustment can enable the working point of the MZ modulator to be stabilized at the bias working point, so that the problem of drift of the working point of the MZ modulator is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for controlling the stability of an operating point of an MZ modulator according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a voltage-current operation curve of an MZ modulator according to one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a fitted curve of an MZ modulator according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for controlling the stability of an operating point of an MZ modulator according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
A method of controlling the operating point stability of an MZ modulator, as in fig. 1, comprising:
s110: a voltage-current operating curve of the MZ modulator is obtained.
Generally, MZ modulators mainly have three static operating points, namely, an orthogonal bias point, a minimum transmission point and a maximum transmission point, wherein the minimum transmission point and the maximum transmission point are nonlinear operating points, which cause signal distortion, so that the operating point of the MZ modulator needs to be stabilized at the orthogonal bias point, and the operating point has an optimal linear operating range.
When analyzing the working state of the MZ modulator, it is necessary to first obtain the transmission characteristic curve, and in the embodiment of the present application, the voltage-current curve is selected as the transmission characteristic curve, and the step mainly includes roughly searching and tracking the approximate range of the bias working point of the MZ modulator, specifically:
by continuously adjusting the working voltages loaded at two ends of the MZ modulator, the working point of the MZ modulator changes during the adjustment process, and then the optical power of the output end of the MZ modulator changes, and corresponding current also changes, therefore, a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios can be adopted in real time by continuously adjusting the working voltages loaded at two ends of the MZ modulator, and finally, a voltage-current working curve of the MZ modulator is obtained for subsequent analysis, wherein the photocurrent ratio refers to the photocurrent ratio of the optical power detector at the light source to the photocurrent ratio of the optical power detector at the output end, and the voltage-current working curve is schematically shown in fig. 2.
S120: and determining a bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state by using the voltage-current working curve, and acquiring a photocurrent ratio in the bias working point state.
As shown in fig. 2, the transmission characteristic curve of the MZ modulator, that is, the voltage-current operation curve obtained as described above is a cosine-like function curve, and has periodicity, so that the control of the MZ modulator operation point only needs to implement bias control within one period. Firstly, reading a maximum current value and a minimum current value according to a voltage-current working curve, wherein the middle point of a curve section where the maximum current value and the minimum current value are located is a quadrature bias point, and adjusting the working voltage of the MZ modulator to a voltage value corresponding to the quadrature bias point, wherein the working point of the MZ modulator is a bias working point. The specific operation is as follows:
in the embodiment of the application, in combination with fig. 2, firstly, a region with better curve linearity in a curve is locked, a curve segment formed by a maximum current value and a minimum current value is taken as a target curve segment in the region, after the target curve segment is locked, the voltage corresponding to the middle point of the target curve segment is the bias voltage, the point is the orthogonal bias point, the bias voltage in fig. 2 is 2.3V, the working voltage of the MZ modulator is regulated to 2.3V, and at the moment, the working point of the MZ modulator is the bias working point.
Meanwhile, the MZ modulator in the embodiment of the application includes an input end, which may be an input interface, the input interface is connected with a light source, the MZ modulator is used for modulating laser emitted by the light source, the input light wave is divided into two equal beams after passing through a beam splitter, the two equal beams are respectively transmitted through two optical waveguides, the optical waveguides are made of optical materials, the refractive index of the optical waveguides changes along with the magnitude of the applied voltage, so that when two beams of optical signals reach the output end, a phase difference is generated, if the optical path difference of the two beams of light is an integral multiple of the wavelength, the two beams of light are coherently counteracted, and the output of the modulator is very small. Therefore, the voltage can be stabilized by compensating the voltage, and the operating point of the MZ modulator can be stabilized.
When the working point of the MZ modulator is stable, the ratio of the optical power of the output end to the optical power of the input end is fixed, and when the working point of the MZ modulator drifts, the ratio of the optical power of the output end to the optical power of the input end changes, so that the change of the output power of the MZ modulator can be fed back by monitoring the photocurrent input to the optical power detector, and the change condition of the working point can be represented.
After determining the bias working point, simultaneously acquiring the ratio of photocurrents in the current state, wherein the ratio is as follows:
the MZ modulator includes: a first optical power detector arranged at the input end and a second optical power detector arranged at the output end;
when the working voltage of the MZ modulator is regulated to a voltage value corresponding to the quadrature bias point, collecting photocurrents output by the first optical power detector and photocurrents output by the second optical power detector;
and calculating the ratio of the collected photocurrent output by the first optical power detector to the photocurrent output by the second optical power detector to obtain the photocurrent ratio in the bias working point state.
The first optical power detector is the optical power detector at the light source, and the second optical power detector is the optical power detector at the output end.
For ease of description, we define the photocurrent ratio obtained at this time as the initial photocurrent ratio.
S130: and collecting a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near the bias working point in the current state of the MZ modulator.
The above step is to search the area of the offset working point roughly, in which the position of the offset working point needs to be searched finely, and the position of the offset working point is locked relatively precisely by carrying out a layout method on the small area of the offset working point accessory searched roughly. The method comprises the following steps:
by collecting a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near the bias working point in the current state of the MZ modulator, and combining the bias voltage obtained in fig. 2 with the voltage of 2.3V, fine scanning is performed near the voltage of 2.3V, 10 scanning points can be respectively taken within the range of about 2.3V, and in the embodiment of the present application, 2.244V, 2.252V, 2.26V, 2.268V, 2.276V, 2.284V, 2.292V, 2.3V, 2.308V, 2.316V, 2.324V, 2.332V, 2.34V, 2.348V, 2.356V, 2.364V, 2.372V, 2.38V, 2.388V, 2.396V and 2.404V can be taken, and 20 photocurrent ratios corresponding to the fine scanning are respectively 0.41, 0.423, 0.437, 0.451, 0.466, 0.48, 0.4913, 0.5036, 0.5166, 0.5286, 5254, 7462, 7435, 0.6382 and 0.6382.
S140: and fitting a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near the bias working point in the current state of the MZ modulator to obtain a fitting curve.
Fig. 3 is a fitting curve obtained by fitting the voltage values and the photocurrent ratios corresponding to the 20 scanning points according to the embodiment of the present application.
S150: and obtaining voltage deviation according to the fitting curve and the photocurrent ratio.
Reading the slope K of the fitting curve obtained in the step after obtaining the fitting curve;
taking the photocurrent ratio in the bias working point state as an initial photocurrent ratio R init And calculating the ratio of the collected photocurrent output by the first optical power detector to the photocurrent output by the second optical power detector to obtain the photocurrent ratio in the bias working point state. For ease of description, we define the photocurrent ratio obtained at this time as the initial photocurrent ratio.
And taking the photocurrent ratio at any moment as a real-time photocurrent ratio R, and calculating the ratio of the photocurrent output by the first optical power detector and the photocurrent output by the second optical power detector at any moment to obtain the real-time photocurrent ratio R.
Voltage deviation V err ＝(R-R init )/K。
S160: and calculating the compensation voltage of the MZ modulator according to the obtained voltage deviation.
According to the obtained voltage deviation V err The compensation voltage of the MZ modulator is calculated.
When V is err When the voltage is greater than 0, the compensation voltage V new ＝V-min(A*V err ，V step )；
When V is err When smaller than 0, the compensation voltage V new ＝V-max(A*V err ，-V step )；
Wherein V is step In order to avoid excessive voltage floating during voltage compensation, a fixed value is adopted in the applicationThe unit compensation voltage amplitude is set to be the parameter, and the compensation is carried out by taking the parameter as a unit when the compensation is carried out, so that the voltage is prevented from floating too much.
When the voltage deviates from V err When the MZ modulator is 0, the working point of the MZ modulator is at a bias working point.
Adjusting the operating voltage of the MZ modulator to the compensation voltage may place the MZ modulator in a biased operating point state.
In a second aspect, the present application further provides a system for controlling the stability of an operating point of an MZ modulator, as shown in fig. 4, including:
the working curve acquisition module is used for acquiring a real-time voltage-current working curve of the MZ modulator;
the bias working point acquisition module is used for determining a bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state by utilizing the voltage-current working curve and acquiring a photocurrent ratio in the bias working point state;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratio values near the bias working point in the current state of the MZ modulator;
the fitting curve acquisition module is used for fitting a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near the bias working point in the current state of the MZ modulator to obtain a fitting curve;
the voltage deviation acquisition module is used for acquiring voltage deviation according to the fitting curve and the photocurrent ratio;
and the compensation voltage acquisition module is used for calculating the compensation voltage of the MZ modulator according to the obtained voltage deviation.
In summary, in the method for controlling the stability of the working point of the MZ modulator provided by the application, when the change of the optical power collected by the optical power detectors arranged at two output ends of the MZ modulator is monitored, the bias working point of the MZ modulator drifts, a voltage-current working curve is obtained by adjusting the working voltage loaded on the MZ modulator, a section where the maximum current value and the minimum current value are located is found in the working curve, the middle position point of the section is a quadrature bias point, the working voltage of the MZ modulator is regulated to the voltage value corresponding to the quadrature bias point, the working point of the MZ modulator is the bias working point at the moment, and a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratio values near the bias working point in the current state of the MZ modulator are collected; fitting a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near a bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state to obtain a fitted curve, further obtaining a slope K of the fitted curve, calculating voltage deviation according to the initial photocurrent ratio, the actual photocurrent ratio and the slope K, further calculating compensation voltage of the MZ modulator according to the voltage deviation, adjusting the working voltage of the MZ modulator to the compensation voltage can enable the MZ modulator to be in the bias working point state, and the adjustment can enable the working point of the MZ modulator to be stabilized at the bias working point, so that the problem of drift of the working point of the MZ modulator is solved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and are not limiting; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A method of controlling the operating point stability of an MZ modulator, comprising:
acquiring a voltage-current working curve of the MZ modulator;
determining a bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state by using the voltage-current working curve, and acquiring a photocurrent ratio in the bias working point state;
collecting a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near a bias working point in the current state of the MZ modulator;
fitting a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near a bias working point in the current state of the MZ modulator to obtain a fitting curve;
obtaining voltage deviation according to the fitting curve and the photocurrent ratio under the bias working point state;
and calculating the compensation voltage of the MZ modulator according to the obtained voltage deviation.
2. The method of controlling MZ modulator operating point stabilization according to claim 1, wherein adjusting the operating voltage of the MZ modulator to the compensation voltage places the MZ modulator in a biased operating point state.
3. The method of controlling the stabilization of the operating point of an MZ modulator according to claim 1, wherein the real-time voltage-current operating curve of the MZ modulator is obtained by adjusting the voltage applied to the MZ modulator a plurality of times.
4. The method of controlling the stabilization of the operating point of the MZ modulator according to claim 1, wherein determining the bias operating point of the MZ modulator in the current state using the voltage-current operating curve comprises:
selecting a middle point of an interval taking a maximum current value and a minimum current value as end points in the voltage-current working curve as an orthogonal bias point;
the middle point of the curve section where the maximum current value and the minimum current value are located is a quadrature bias point;
and adjusting the working voltage of the MZ modulator to a voltage value corresponding to the orthogonal bias point, wherein the working point of the MZ modulator is the bias working point.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the obtaining the photocurrent ratio value in the biased operating point state comprises:
the MZ modulator includes: a first optical power detector arranged at the input end and a second optical power detector arranged at the output end;
when the working voltage of the MZ modulator is regulated to a voltage value corresponding to the quadrature bias point, collecting photocurrents output by the first optical power detector and photocurrents output by the second optical power detector;
and calculating the ratio of the collected photocurrent output by the first optical power detector to the photocurrent output by the second optical power detector to obtain the photocurrent ratio in the bias working point state.
6. The method of controlling the operating point stabilization of an MZ modulator according to claim 1, wherein said obtaining a voltage deviation from said photocurrent ratio of said fitted curve comprises:
acquiring the slope K of the fitting curve;
taking the photocurrent ratio in the bias working point state as an initial photocurrent ratio R init ；
Taking the photocurrent ratio at any moment as a real-time photocurrent ratio R;
the voltage deviation V err ＝(R-R init )/K。
7. The method of controlling the stabilization of the operating point of an MZ modulator according to claim 1, wherein said calculating the compensation voltage of the MZ modulator according to the obtained voltage deviation comprises:
when V is err When the voltage is greater than 0, the compensation voltage V new ＝V-min(A*V err ，V step )；
When V is err When smaller than 0, the compensation voltage V new ＝V-max(A*V err ，-V step )；
Wherein V is step A fixed value is desirable for the unit compensation voltage amplitude.
8. The method of controlling the operating point stabilization of an MZ modulator according to claim 7, wherein when the voltage deviation V err When the MZ modulator is 0, the working point of the MZ modulator is at a bias working point.
9. The method of claim 5, wherein the MZ modulator further comprises a third optical power detector disposed at another output of the MZ modulator.
10. A system for controlling the stability of an operating point of an MZ modulator, comprising:
the working curve acquisition module is used for acquiring a real-time voltage-current working curve of the MZ modulator;
the bias working point acquisition module is used for determining a bias working point of the MZ modulator in the current state by utilizing the voltage-current working curve and acquiring a photocurrent ratio in the bias working point state;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratio values near the bias working point in the current state of the MZ modulator;
the fitting curve acquisition module is used for fitting a plurality of voltage values and photocurrent ratios near the bias working point in the current state of the MZ modulator to obtain a fitting curve;
the voltage deviation acquisition module is used for acquiring voltage deviation according to the fitting curve and the photocurrent ratio;
and the compensation voltage acquisition module is used for calculating the compensation voltage of the MZ modulator according to the obtained voltage deviation.
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