CN114499649A

CN114499649A - Satellite communication method, device, equipment, system and storage medium

Info

Publication number: CN114499649A
Application number: CN202210324641.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 关宇; 尹俊; 周禹; 孙晨; 翟恩南
Original assignee: Alibaba Damo Institute Hangzhou Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Alibaba Damo Institute Hangzhou Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-30
Filing date: 2022-03-30
Publication date: 2022-05-13

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a satellite communication method, a device, equipment, a system and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: and acquiring a first IP data packet which is sent by the terminal and is to be sent to a destination server, if the first IP data packet can be forwarded through a low-orbit satellite, forwarding the first IP data packet to network equipment through the low-orbit satellite, otherwise forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through a high-orbit satellite, and forwarding the first IP data packet to the destination server by the network equipment. The method realizes the advantage of combining the wide coverage of the high-orbit satellite and the high bandwidth of the low-orbit satellite.

Description

Satellite communication method, device, equipment, system and storage medium

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of satellite communications technologies, and in particular, to a satellite communication method, apparatus, device, system, and storage medium.

Background

With the gradual commercialization of the 5G mobile communication technology, the rate and the fluency of wireless communication are significantly improved, thereby supporting a wider variety of network application scenarios. However, the wireless communication is still highly limited to the geographical location, i.e. only communication terminals within the coverage area of the 4G/5G base station can perform network communication. Meanwhile, more and more application scenarios have higher demands on the geographic location of wireless communication, such as oceans, aviation, deserts, wetlands, and the like.

Satellite communication is a primary means of extending the geographic reach of wireless communications. The ground transmitting terminal directly transmits the data to the satellite, and then the satellite forwards the data to the ground station and further forwards the data to the target communication address. The satellite, since it is operated in high altitude, can cover a relatively large area. Network communication can be performed at any point on the earth theoretically as long as the satellite can be irradiated with a beam.

Existing satellite communication systems are largely classified into high-orbit satellite communication and low-orbit satellite communication. Wherein, a single high orbit satellite can almost cover the whole hemisphere to form a regional communication system, but the signal attenuation is serious, the bandwidth is very small, the communication quality is poor, and the requirements of the current network application (such as high definition video live broadcast) are difficult to meet; the signal attenuation of the low-orbit satellite is reduced, a very high network bandwidth can be provided, and the requirement of modern network application is met, but a single low-orbit satellite can only cover a small area and moves at a high speed relative to the ground, so that the low-orbit satellite flies over an area and can only provide stable network access for about 5 minutes generally.

Disclosure of Invention

Embodiments of the present application provide a satellite communication method, apparatus, device, system, and storage medium, so as to solve the problem that in the prior art, high-earth-orbit satellite communication and low-earth-orbit satellite communication can only be selected alternatively, and cannot combine the advantages of a wide coverage area of a high-earth-orbit satellite and a high bandwidth of a low-earth-orbit satellite.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a satellite communication method, which is applied to a satellite communication system, where the system includes an access device, a low-earth orbit satellite, a high-earth orbit satellite, and a network device, and the access device is capable of communicating with the high-earth orbit satellite and the low-earth orbit satellite, and the method is applied to the access device, and includes:

acquiring a first IP data packet to be sent to a target server, which is sent by a terminal;

if the network device can communicate with the network device through the low orbit satellite, the first IP data packet is forwarded to the network device through the low orbit satellite, otherwise, the first IP data packet is forwarded to the network device through the high orbit satellite, and the network device forwards the first IP data packet to the destination server.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a satellite communication method, applied to a satellite communication system, where the system includes an access device, a low-earth orbit satellite, a high-earth orbit satellite, and a network device, where the access device is capable of communicating with the high-earth orbit satellite and the low-earth orbit satellite, and the method is applied to the network device, and includes:

acquiring a first IP data packet from a terminal forwarded by the access equipment;

performing address translation according to the network address of the terminal and the equipment identifier of the access equipment to obtain a translated address;

and modifying the source address in the first IP data packet into the conversion address and then forwarding the source address to a destination server.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a satellite communication method, which is applied to a satellite communication system, where the system includes an access device, a low-earth orbit satellite, a high-earth orbit satellite, and a network device, and the access device is capable of communicating with the high-earth orbit satellite and the low-earth orbit satellite, and the method is applied to the access device, and includes:

when the communication with the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite is changed into the communication with the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite, the first IP data packet is forwarded to the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite, and the first IP data packet is switched to be forwarded to the network equipment through the high-orbit satellite; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

when the communication with the network equipment can be changed from the communication incapability through the low-orbit satellite to the communication with the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite, the first IP data packet is forwarded to the network equipment through the high-orbit satellite, and the first IP data packet is forwarded to the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite.

In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a satellite communication method, which is applied to an automatic driving scenario, and includes:

acquiring a first IP data packet which is sent by an automatic driving terminal and is to be sent to an automatic driving server, wherein the first IP data packet comprises automatic driving data;

if the network equipment can be communicated with the low orbit satellite, the first IP data packet is forwarded to the network equipment through the low orbit satellite, otherwise, the first IP data packet is forwarded to the network equipment through the high orbit satellite, and the network equipment forwards the first IP data packet to the automatic driving server.

In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a satellite communication method, which is applied to an automatic driving scenario, and includes:

acquiring a first IP data packet from an automatic driving terminal forwarded by access equipment, wherein the first IP data packet comprises automatic driving data;

and modifying the source address in the first IP data packet into the conversion address and then forwarding the source address to an automatic driving server.

In a sixth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a satellite communication apparatus, which is applied to a satellite communication system, where the system includes an access device, a network device, a high-orbit satellite and a low-orbit satellite, where the access device is capable of communicating with the high-orbit satellite and the low-orbit satellite, and the apparatus is applied to the access device, and the apparatus includes:

the terminal comprises an acquisition module, a sending module and a sending module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring a first IP data packet which is sent by the terminal and is to be sent to a target server;

and the sending module is used for forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the low orbit satellite if the first IP data packet can be communicated with the network equipment through the low orbit satellite, otherwise forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the high orbit satellite, so that the network equipment forwards the first IP data packet to the destination server.

In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a satellite communication apparatus, which is applied to a satellite communication system, where the system includes an access device, a low-earth orbit satellite, a high-earth orbit satellite, and a network device, where the access device is capable of communicating with the high-earth orbit satellite and the low-earth orbit satellite, and the apparatus is applied to the network device, and the apparatus includes:

an obtaining module, configured to obtain a first IP data packet from a terminal forwarded by the access device;

the address translation module is used for carrying out address translation according to the network address of the terminal and the equipment identifier of the access equipment to obtain a translation address;

and the sending module is used for modifying the source address in the first IP data packet into the conversion address and then forwarding the modified source address to the destination server.

In an eighth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a satellite communication apparatus, which is applied to a satellite communication system, where the system includes an access device, a low-earth orbit satellite, a high-earth orbit satellite, and a network device, the access device is capable of communicating with the high-earth orbit satellite and the low-earth orbit satellite, and the apparatus is applied to the access device, and the apparatus includes:

the first switching module is used for forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite when the communication with the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite is changed into the communication with the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite, and switching to forward the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the high-orbit satellite; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

and the second switching module is used for forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the high-orbit satellite when the communication between the network equipment and the network equipment can be changed from the communication incapability through the low-orbit satellite, and switching to forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite.

In a ninth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a satellite communication device, which is applied to an automatic driving scenario, and includes:

the system comprises an acquisition module, a display module and a display module, wherein the acquisition module is used for receiving a first IP data packet which is sent by an automatic driving terminal and is to be sent to an automatic driving server, and the first IP data packet comprises automatic driving data;

and the sending module is used for forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the low orbit satellite if the first IP data packet can be communicated with the network equipment through the low orbit satellite, otherwise, forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the high orbit satellite, so that the network equipment forwards the first IP data packet to the automatic driving server.

In a tenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a satellite communication device, which is applied to an automatic driving scenario, and includes:

the system comprises an acquisition module, a processing module and a processing module, wherein the acquisition module is used for acquiring a first IP data packet from an automatic driving terminal forwarded by access equipment, and the first IP data packet comprises automatic driving data;

and the sending module is used for modifying the source address in the first IP data packet into the conversion address and then forwarding the modified source address to the automatic driving server.

In an eleventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an access device, including: a memory, a processor; wherein the memory is configured to store one or more computer instructions, wherein the one or more computer instructions, when executed by the processor, implement the method of any of the first, third, and fourth aspects.

In a twelfth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a network device, including: a memory, a processor; wherein the memory is configured to store one or more computer instructions, wherein the one or more computer instructions, when executed by the processor, implement the method of any of the second and fifth aspects.

In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a satellite communication system, including an access device, a network device, an upper orbit satellite and a lower orbit satellite, where the upper orbit satellite is an upper orbit satellite, and the lower orbit satellite is a middle orbit or lower orbit satellite, the access device is capable of communicating with the upper orbit satellite and the lower orbit satellite, the access device is configured to perform the method according to any one of the first aspect, the third aspect, and the fourth aspect, and the network device is configured to perform the method according to any one of the second aspect and the fifth aspect.

In an eighth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed, the method according to any one of the first, third, and fourth aspects is implemented.

In a ninth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed, the method according to any one of the second and fifth aspects is implemented.

Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program, which when executed by a computer, is configured to implement the method according to any one of the first aspect, the third aspect, and the fourth aspect.

Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program, which is used to implement the method according to any one of the second and fifth aspects when the computer program is executed by a computer.

In the embodiment of the application, a satellite communication mode capable of combining the advantages of wide coverage area of a high-orbit satellite and high bandwidth of a low-orbit satellite is provided, a satellite communication system can comprise an access device, the low-orbit satellite, the high-orbit satellite and a network device, wherein the access device is capable of communicating with both low-orbit satellites and high-orbit satellites, and for data to be sent by the terminal to the destination server, if the network device can communicate with the low-orbit satellite, the data is forwarded to the network device through the low-orbit satellite, otherwise the data is forwarded to the network device through the high-orbit satellite, the network device forwards the data to the destination server, so that the communication through the low-orbit satellite is preferentially carried out when the low-orbit satellite is available, high-bandwidth data transmission service is provided, when the low-orbit satellite is unavailable, the high-orbit satellite is used for communication, so that the advantages of wide coverage of the high-orbit satellite and high bandwidth of the low-orbit satellite are combined.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a satellite communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an access device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a satellite communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a format of an upper and lower track convergence protocol according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a satellite communication method according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic architecture diagram of an integrated high-low orbit satellite communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a satellite communication method according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a satellite communication method according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a satellite communication method according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a flowchart illustrating a satellite communication method according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a satellite communication method according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a satellite communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an access device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a satellite communication device according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a satellite communication device according to yet another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of an access device according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a satellite communication device according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of an access device according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a satellite communication device according to another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device according to another embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

The terminology used in the embodiments of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in the examples of this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and "a" and "an" typically include at least two, but do not exclude the presence of at least one.

It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein is merely one type of association that describes an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.

The words "if", as used herein, may be interpreted as "at … …" or "at … …" or "in response to a determination" or "in response to a detection", depending on the context. Similarly, the phrases "if determined" or "if detected (a stated condition or event)" may be interpreted as "when determined" or "in response to a determination" or "when detected (a stated condition or event)" or "in response to a detection (a stated condition or event)", depending on the context.

It is also noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a good or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such good or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a commodity or system that includes the element.

In addition, the sequence of steps in each method embodiment described below is only an example and is not strictly limited.

The satellite communication system can be divided into high-Orbit satellite communication and Low-Orbit satellite communication, the satellite used for the high-Orbit satellite communication is a high-Orbit satellite (GEO), the satellite used for the Low-Orbit satellite communication is a Low-Orbit satellite (LEO), the high-Orbit satellite communication access time can be longer, but the signal attenuation is serious, the bandwidth is very small, the Low-Orbit satellite communication signal attenuation is smaller, the bandwidth is higher, but the access time is shorter. Generally, high-orbit satellite communication and low-orbit satellite communication can only be selected alternatively, and the problem that the advantages of wide coverage of high-orbit satellites and high bandwidth of low-orbit satellites cannot be combined exists.

In order to solve the problem that in the prior art, the communication between the high-orbit satellite and the low-orbit satellite can only be selected from two, and the advantage of the high-bandwidth of the high-orbit satellite cannot be combined, in the embodiment of the present application, a satellite communication method capable of combining the advantage of the wide coverage area of the high-orbit satellite and the high-bandwidth of the low-orbit satellite is provided, as shown in fig. 1, a satellite communication system may include an access device 11, a low-orbit satellite 12, a high-orbit satellite 13, and a network device 14, where the access device 11 is capable of communicating with the low-orbit satellite 12 and the high-orbit satellite 13, and for data to be sent to a destination server Y by a terminal X, if the data can be communicated with the network device 14 by the low-orbit satellite 12, the access device 11 forwards the data to the network device 14 by the low-orbit satellite, and if the data cannot be communicated with the network device 14 by the low-orbit satellite 12, the access device forwards the data to the network device 14 by the high-orbit satellite, the network device 14 forwards the data to the destination server Y, so that the communication is preferentially performed through the low-orbit satellite when the low-orbit satellite is available, a high-bandwidth data transmission service is provided, and the communication is performed through the high-orbit satellite when the low-orbit satellite is unavailable, thereby realizing the advantage of combining the wide coverage area of the high-orbit satellite and the high bandwidth of the low-orbit satellite.

It should be noted that the number of the access devices 11 in fig. 1 may be multiple.

Where a satellite accessible by access device 11 is approaching the area of access device 11, access device 11 may search for and establish a connection with the satellite to form a communication link with the satellite, where the communication link between access device 11 and low orbit satellite 12 may be referred to as a low orbit link, and the communication link between access device 11 and high orbit satellite 13 may be referred to as a low orbit link. There may be one or more low earth orbit satellites accessible by the access device 11.

In one embodiment, when there is a low-earth satellite whose link state with the access device is a normal state among low-earth satellites that can be accessed by the access device 11, it may be considered that communication with the network device is possible through the low-earth satellite; when there is no low-earth satellite whose link state with the access device is a normal state among the low-earth satellites accessible to the access device 11, it may be considered that communication with the network device through the low-earth satellite is not possible.

Because the coverage area of the low-orbit satellite is small, and the number of the low-orbit satellites that can be accessed by the access device is small, the low-orbit satellite can be used in a period of time, and the low-orbit satellite cannot be used in another period of time, so that the situation that the access device switches from forwarding data to the network device through the high-orbit satellite to forwarding data to the network device through the low-orbit satellite can occur, and/or the situation that the access device switches from forwarding data to the network device through the low-orbit satellite to forwarding data to the network device through the high-orbit satellite can occur.

The terminal X may be, for example, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a desktop computer, a wearable device, an automatic driving terminal, a live broadcast terminal, and the like, and certainly, the terminal X may also be other types of devices in other embodiments, which is not limited in this application. The destination server Y may be, for example, a website server, an automatic driving server, a live broadcast server, and the like, and of course, in other embodiments, the destination server Y may also be other types of servers, which is not limited in this application. The access mode provided by the access device 11 may include a wired access mode and/or a Wireless access mode, where the Wireless access mode may be, for example, a Wireless Fidelity (WIFI) access. Illustratively, the network device 14 may include a gateway, i.e., the network device 14 provided by the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by the gateway, in which case, the network device 14 may also have a ground station with the low-earth satellite 12 and the high-earth satellite 13 therebetween.

In the embodiment of the present application, the access device 11 may include a Baseband (Baseband) and an antenna. The baseband is a chip for synthesizing a signal to be transmitted or decoding a received signal, and includes functions of signal encoding and decoding, modulation and demodulation, and the antenna is a device for transmitting and receiving wireless signals. The access device 11 may be a fixed-location access device or a mobile-location access device.

Considering that the process of searching for a satellite and establishing a connection with the satellite is time-consuming, in order to reduce the satellite switching interruption time as much as possible, the access device 11 may use a dual-baseband and dual-antenna architecture to perform signal transceiving, support simultaneous operation of a low-orbit link and a high-orbit link, and detect and establish a new connection with one antenna when the other antenna transmits and receives data, thereby greatly reducing the satellite switching interruption time. Therefore, the low-orbit satellite can be preferentially accessed when the low-orbit satellite is available, high-bandwidth data transmission service is provided, and the high-orbit satellite is accessed to continue to keep uninterrupted communication when the low-orbit satellite is unavailable. Therefore, the all-day communication can be kept under the environment with insufficient quantity of low-orbit satellites, high-speed communication is provided at partial time intervals, and the requirements of application scenes such as maritime cruising and aviation can be met to a certain extent.

Illustratively, the structure of the access device 11 may be as shown in fig. 2, and the switch chip in fig. 2 may perform the method applied to the access device according to the embodiment of the present application.

Referring to fig. 2, the access device 11 may provide both wired access and wireless access, and the terminal may perform wired access through an RJ45 interface connected to a switching chip and may also perform wireless access through a WIFI interface connected to a network processor to transmit and receive DATA (DATA) to and from the satellite communication system. The network processor can be connected with the exchange chip, and the network processor + the WIFI interface can be understood as a WIFI module. It should be noted that the hardware structure of the access device shown in fig. 2 is only an example, and the SPDT in fig. 2 is an english abbreviation of a Single Pole Double Throw (Single Pole Double Throw) switch.

The modem module of the access device 11 may include a low-rail modem module and a high-rail modem module, RJ45 interfaces of the low-rail modem module and the high-rail modem module are connected to an RJ45 interface of the switch chip, a Transmit (TX) interface of the low-rail modem module is connected to a low-rail TX interface of the up-converter unit, a TX interface of the high-rail modem module is connected to a high-rail TX interface of the up-converter unit, a Receive (Receive, RX) interface of the low-rail modem module is connected to a low-rail RX interface of the down-converter unit, and an RX interface of the high-rail modem module is connected to a high-rail RX interface of the down-converter unit.

The TX combining array in fig. 2 may include an antenna for transmitting signals to a high orbit satellite and an antenna for transmitting signals to a low orbit satellite, and the RX combining array may include an antenna for receiving signals transmitted by a high orbit satellite and an antenna for receiving signals transmitted by a low orbit satellite, where the antenna for transceiving signals with the high orbit satellite may be referred to as the high orbit satellite antenna, and the antenna for transceiving signals with the low orbit satellite may be referred to as the low orbit satellite antenna. The Antenna Controller (ACU) in fig. 2 may automatically control the TX combination Array and the RX combination Array through a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), so as to complete functions of searching for a satellite, establishing connection with the satellite, and the like, and when a low-orbit satellite accessible to the access device flies into an area where the access device is located, the low-orbit satellite is searched and established connection with the low-orbit satellite.

When the low-orbit satellite is available, the exchange chip can encode data in a corresponding encoding mode and input an encoding result into an RJ45 interface of the low-orbit modem module, the data can be input into a low-orbit RX interface of the up-conversion unit through a TX interface of the low-orbit modem module after being modulated by the low-orbit modem module, the data can be input into a low-orbit satellite antenna in a TX combined array through a TX interface of the up-conversion unit after being processed by the up-conversion unit, and the data is transmitted by the low-orbit satellite antenna so as to realize the transmission of the data by the low-orbit link. When the low-orbit satellite is not available, the exchange chip can encode data in a corresponding encoding mode and input an encoding result into an RJ45 interface of the high-orbit modem module, the data can be input into a high-orbit RX interface of the up-conversion unit through a TX interface of the high-orbit modem module after being modulated by the high-orbit modem module, the data can be input into a high-orbit satellite antenna in a TX combined array through a TX interface of the up-conversion unit after being processed by the up-conversion unit, and the data is transmitted by the high-orbit satellite antenna so as to realize the transmission of the data by the high-orbit link.

Signals transmitted by low-orbit satellites received by low-orbit satellite antennas in the RX antenna combined array can be input to an RX interface of a down-conversion unit, the signals can be input to an RX interface of a low-orbit modulation and demodulation module through the low-orbit RX interface of the down-conversion unit after being processed by the down-conversion unit, the signals can be input to a switching chip through an RJ45 interface of the low-orbit modulation and demodulation module after being processed by the low-orbit modulation and demodulation module, and the switching chip can decode the signals in a corresponding decoding mode. Signals transmitted by a high-orbit satellite received by a high-orbit satellite antenna in the RX antenna combined array can be input to an RX interface of a down-conversion unit, the signals can be input to an RX interface of a high-orbit modulation and demodulation module through the high-orbit RX interface of the down-conversion unit after being processed by the down-conversion unit, the signals can be input to a switching chip through an RJ45 interface of the high-orbit modulation and demodulation module after being processed by the high-orbit modulation and demodulation module, and the switching chip can decode the signals in a corresponding decoding mode.

It should be noted that the satellite communication method provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to any type of scene where communication needs to be performed between a terminal and a server through a satellite, and the applicable scene includes, but is not limited to, a live broadcast scene, an automatic driving scene, a maritime cruising scene, an aviation scene, an emergency communication scene, and the like.

Some embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

Fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a satellite communication method according to an embodiment of the present application, where this embodiment mainly describes a process in which a terminal sends an IP data packet to a destination server, and as shown in fig. 3, the method according to this embodiment may include:

step 31, the access device obtains a first IP data packet to be sent to the destination server, which is sent by the terminal.

And step 32, if the communication with the network equipment can be carried out through the low orbit satellite, forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the low orbit satellite, otherwise forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the high orbit satellite, so that the network equipment forwards the first IP data packet to the destination server.

Step 33, the network device obtains the first IP data packet from the terminal forwarded by the access device.

And step 34, the network equipment performs address translation according to the network address of the terminal and the equipment identifier of the access equipment to obtain a translated address.

Step 35, the network device modifies the source address in the first IP packet into a converted address and forwards the converted address to the destination server.

In this embodiment, a terminal is accessed to a network through an access device, so that the access device may obtain an IP data packet (which may be referred to as a first IP data packet) to be sent to a destination server and sent by the terminal, where the first IP data packet may include an IP header and an IP data portion, and the IP data portion may include a transport layer protocol header and a transport layer protocol data portion.

After acquiring the first IP data packet to be sent to the destination server and sent by the terminal, the access device may forward the first IP data packet to the network device in a manner of preferentially passing through a low-earth orbit satellite, so that the network device forwards the first IP data packet to the destination server. Specifically, if the communication with the network device can be performed through the low earth orbit satellite, the first IP data packet is forwarded to the network device through the low earth orbit satellite, otherwise, the first IP data packet is forwarded to the network device through the high earth orbit satellite.

It should be understood that the access device forwards the first IP data packet to the network device according to the network address of the network device, an outer layer of the first IP data packet may be encapsulated by the access device with a corresponding IP header, and a destination address in the IP header may be a network address of the network device, a destination address in the first IP data packet, or a network address of the destination server. Illustratively, the network address of the network device may include an IP address of the network device.

When the link state between the access device and the low-earth-orbit satellite is a normal state, it is considered that the access device can communicate with the network device through the low-earth-orbit satellite, and when the link state between the access device and the low-earth-orbit satellite is an abnormal state, it is considered that the access device cannot communicate with the network device through the low-earth-orbit satellite, step 32 may specifically include: and if the link state between the access equipment and the low-orbit satellite is a normal state, forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite, otherwise forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the high-orbit satellite.

After acquiring the first IP data packet from the terminal forwarded by the access device, the network device may perform address translation according to the network address of the terminal and the device identifier of the access device to obtain a translation address, modify the source address in the first IP data packet into the translation address, and forward the translation address to the destination server. The translation address may be understood as a network address of the network device, which is used to aggregate two paths of data forwarded by the high-orbit satellite and the low-orbit satellite of the same terminal network address into one path. Illustratively, the translation address may include an IP address and/or a port number. The network device may obtain the network address of the terminal by extracting the source address from the first IP packet, and/or the network device may obtain the device identifier of the access device by extracting the MAC address from the header of the data link layer encapsulating the first IP packet.

Optionally, in order to facilitate the network device to obtain the network address of the terminal and the device identifier of the access device, the access device may encapsulate a high-low rail convergence protocol header (which may be denoted as a first high-low rail convergence protocol header) for the first IP data packet. Based on this, in an embodiment, the method provided in this embodiment may further include: extracting a source address from the first IP data packet to obtain a network address of the terminal; and generating a first high-low rail fusion protocol header carrying the network address of the terminal and the equipment identifier of the access equipment, and encapsulating the first high-low rail fusion protocol header in the head of the first IP data packet to obtain a first packet to be transmitted. In this case, step 32 may specifically include: and if the network equipment can communicate with the network equipment through the low orbit satellite, sending a first packet to be transmitted comprising the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the low orbit satellite, otherwise, sending the first packet to be transmitted comprising the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the high orbit satellite.

The device identifier of the access device can be used for uniquely identifying the access device. Illustratively, the network address of the terminal may include an IP address of the terminal; or, for example, the network address of the terminal may include an IP address and a port number of the terminal.

When the first IP data packet is not the IP fragment packet, the first IP data packet comprises a source address, and the network address of the terminal extracted from the first IP data packet can be non-null; when the first IP data packet is an IP fragment packet and is a first fragment, the first IP data packet comprises a source address, and the network address of the terminal is extracted from the first IP data packet and is non-null; when the first IP packet is an IP fragment packet and is not the first fragment, the source address is not included in the first IP packet, and the network address of the terminal extracted from the first IP packet may be null. And when the extracted network address of the terminal is null, the network address of the terminal carried in the first high-low orbit fusion protocol header can also be null.

Further optionally, under the condition that the network address of the terminal carried in the first high-low orbit fusion protocol header may be null, in order to facilitate the network device to obtain the network address of the terminal, the first high-low orbit fusion protocol header may carry a first flag, where the first flag is used to identify whether the first IP data packet is a fragment packet.

And/or further optionally, in order to facilitate the network device to know whether the data packet to be transmitted is a data packet transmitted through the high-rail link or a data packet transmitted through the low-rail link, the first high-rail and low-rail fusion protocol header may further carry a packet type, where if the packet type is the high-rail data packet, it may indicate that the data packet is transmitted through the high-rail link, and if the packet type is the low-rail data packet, it may indicate that the data packet is transmitted through the low-rail link.

After the first high-low rail fusion protocol header is generated, the first high-low rail fusion protocol header may be encapsulated in the header of the first IP data packet, so as to obtain a packet to be transmitted (which may be recorded as a first packet to be transmitted). The packet to be transmitted in the embodiment of the application may be used as a data portion of a certain protocol layer, and the packet to be transmitted may be sent to the network device by encapsulating the protocol header of the protocol layer in the header of the packet to be transmitted. For example, taking the packet to be transmitted as the IP data portion as an example, the IP address of the network device may be used as a destination address, the IP address of the access device may be used as a source address, and the first packet to be transmitted may be forwarded to the network device through a low-orbit link between the access device and the low-orbit satellite or through a high-orbit link between the access device and the high-orbit satellite.

In one embodiment, step 32 may specifically include: if the link state between the access device and the low earth orbit satellite is a normal state, the first packet to be transmitted including the first IP data packet may be sent to the network device through the low earth orbit satellite, otherwise, the first packet to be transmitted including the first IP data packet may be forwarded to the network device through the high earth orbit satellite.

Optionally, the access device may actively detect a link state of the low rail link, that is, the access device may actively send a packet for detecting the link state to the network device through the low rail link, for example, the packet for detecting the link state may include a high-low rail fusion protocol header (which may be denoted as a high-low rail fusion protocol header a), and a type of the packet carried in the high-low rail fusion protocol header a may be a keep (keep alive) packet. The network device may reply immediately after receiving the packet with the keep alive packet, for example, may reply the packet with the keep alive packet to the access device. The access device can determine whether the link state between the access device and the low-rail link is a normal state or an abnormal state according to the packet for detecting the link state and the reply of the network device, which are sent to the network device through the low-rail link.

In one embodiment, in a case where the state of the link with the low-earth satellite is a normal state, if it is determined that the link with the low-earth satellite is detected to be disconnected, it may be determined that the state of the link with the low-earth satellite becomes an abnormal state. And/or, in the case that the link state with the low-orbit satellite is an abnormal state, if the link conduction with the low-orbit satellite is detected and the link quality meets a preset requirement, determining that the link state with the low-orbit satellite becomes a normal state. The link quality may be determined according to the results of the detection, such as time delay and packet loss. Optionally, when the packet to be transmitted can be retransmitted between the access device and the network device, the link quality may also be determined according to the retransmission condition of the packet to be transmitted. In one embodiment, the packet type carried in the header of the high-low rail convergence protocol of the retransmitted packet to be transmitted can be a retransmitted packet, so that the opposite end can know the retransmission condition conveniently.

Since high-orbit satellites can typically achieve full-day coverage, the link state of a high-orbit link is typically a normal state. When the access device needs to know the link state of the high-rail link in real time, the access device can also actively detect the high-rail link, that is, the access device can actively send a packet for detecting the link state to the network device through the high-rail link.

Illustratively, when the access device can communicate with the high-orbit satellite and the low-orbit satellite at the same time, the access device can send keep alive packets to the network device along the high-orbit link and the low-orbit link at intervals, and the network device can reply immediately after receiving the keep alive packets, so that the link state can be continuously detected by the method.

Alternatively, whether the link state with the low-orbit link becomes an abnormal state may be determined according to the trajectory of the satellite. Based on this, in another embodiment, in the case where the link state with the low-orbit satellite is a normal state, if the low-orbit satellite is about to fly away from the area where the access apparatus is located, it may be determined that the link state with the low-orbit satellite becomes an abnormal state. Thereby enabling early handoff back to the high-orbit link when a low-orbit satellite is about to fly out of the area of the access device.

Optionally, the access device may determine, according to the ephemeris, whether the satellite is about to fly away from the area where the access device is located, and based on this, in an embodiment, the method provided in this embodiment may further include: the access equipment calculates the real-time track of the low-orbit satellite according to the ephemeris of the low-orbit satellite, and determines the area where the low-orbit satellite is about to fly away from the access equipment according to the real-time track of the low-orbit satellite; the access device can download ephemeris in advance, and the ephemeris is data used for describing the flight path of the satellite around the earth.

Or optionally, the network device may determine, according to the ephemeris, whether the satellite is about to fly away from the area where the access device is located, and notify, when it is determined that the satellite is about to fly away from the area where the access device is located, to the access device, based on this, in another embodiment, the method provided in this embodiment may further include: and determining that the low-orbit satellite is about to fly away from the area where the access equipment is located according to the notification of the network equipment.

In this embodiment of the application, since the first IP data packet (or the first packet to be transmitted including the first IP data packet) is sent by the access device according to the network address of the network device, the network device may obtain the first IP data packet sent by the access device. When the first IP data packet is included in the first packet to be transmitted and is forwarded to the network device by the access device, step 33 may specifically include: the network equipment receives a first packet to be transmitted sent by the access equipment, and analyzes the first packet to be transmitted to obtain a first IP data packet from the terminal. In this case, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application may further include: the network equipment analyzes the first packet to be transmitted to obtain a first high-low rail fusion protocol header encapsulated at the head of the first IP data packet, and the first high-low rail fusion protocol carries the network address of the terminal and the equipment identifier of the access equipment. When the network address of the terminal carried in the first high-low orbit fusion protocol header is null, the network address of the terminal obtained by analysis may also be null.

After the network address of the terminal and the device identifier of the access device are obtained through analysis, the network device may perform address translation according to the network address of the terminal and the device identifier of the access device obtained through analysis to obtain a translation address, modify the source address in the first IP packet into the translation address, and forward the translation address to the destination server.

For example, the address may be converted by hashing the network address of the terminal and the device identifier of the access device, and of course, in other embodiments, the address may be converted by other methods, which is not limited in this application.

When the first high-low rail convergence protocol header further carries the first flag, performing address translation according to the network address of the terminal and the device identifier of the access device to obtain the translated address may include: and when the first mark carried in the first high-low orbit fusion protocol header is used for marking that the first IP data packet is an IP fragment packet and the network address of the terminal obtained by analysis is empty, performing address conversion according to the equipment identifier of the access equipment and the network address of the terminal obtained by analysis in the first fragment corresponding to the first IP data packet to obtain a conversion address.

In the embodiment of the application, when the access device uses a dual-baseband and dual-antenna architecture to transmit and receive signals, the access device can simultaneously communicate with the high-orbit satellite and the low-orbit satellite. Optionally, under the condition that the access device can communicate with the high-orbit satellite and the low-orbit satellite at the same time, the access device may send one copy of the first IP data packet to each of the high-orbit link and the low-orbit link at the same time, so as to reduce the occurrence of a situation that communication is not smooth due to retransmission of the data packet after the data packet is found to be lost.

Based on this, in an embodiment, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application may further include: if the low orbit satellite is determined to be about to fly away from the area where the access device is located, the first IP data packet can be forwarded to the network device through the high orbit satellite while the first IP data packet is forwarded to the network device through the low orbit satellite. By the method of active retransmission (also called early retransmission), the terminal does not need to start retransmission when the switching interruption occurs, so that the data transmission is smoother during satellite switching, and the occurrence of transmission interruption is avoided.

When the first IP data packet is included in the first packet to be transmitted and forwarded to the network device by the access device, the first packet to be transmitted may be forwarded to the network device through the low earth orbit satellite, and meanwhile, the retransmission packet of the first packet to be transmitted may also be forwarded to the network device through the high earth orbit satellite.

The retransmission packet may be composed of a first IP data packet and a high-low rail convergence protocol header encapsulated in a header of the first IP data packet, and the high-low rail convergence protocol header of the retransmission packet may carry a network address of the terminal and a device identifier of the access device. Optionally, the high-low rail convergence protocol header and the first high-low rail convergence protocol header of the retransmission packet also carry a second flag, where the second flag is used to flag whether the retransmission packet is a main link. By carrying the second flag, the network device can know the network address currently used by the access device, which may be specifically referred to in the following description of the embodiments.

Under the condition that a certain packet to be transmitted is sent through a low-rail link and a retransmission packet of the packet to be transmitted is sent through a high-rail link, if the link state of the low-rail link is in a normal state, a second mark carried in a high-rail and low-rail fusion protocol header of the packet to be transmitted can be used for marking that the packet is a main link, a second mark carried in the high-rail and low-rail fusion protocol header of the retransmission packet can be used for marking that the packet is not a main link, otherwise, the second mark carried in the high-rail and low-rail fusion protocol header of the packet to be transmitted can be used for marking that the packet is not a main link, and the second mark carried in the high-rail and low-rail fusion protocol header of the retransmission packet can be used for marking that the packet is a main link. The second mark carried in the high-low rail fusion protocol header of the packet to be transmitted can be used for marking that the packet is a main link only by sending a certain packet to be transmitted and under the condition of not sending a retransmission packet of the packet to be transmitted.

Correspondingly, the network device may obtain a retransmission packet of the first packet to be transmitted sent by the access device, the network device may analyze the retransmission packet to obtain the first IP data packet and the high-low orbit fusion protocol header of the retransmission packet, the network device may further perform address translation according to the network address of the terminal carried in the high-low orbit fusion protocol header of the retransmission packet and the device identifier of the access device to obtain a translation address, and modify the source address in the first IP data packet into the translation address and forward the translation address to the destination server. The specific process of the network device processing the retransmission packet of the first to-be-transmitted packet sent by the access device is similar to the specific process of the network device processing the first to-be-transmitted packet sent by the access device, and is not described herein again.

Optionally, on the basis that the high-low rail fusion protocol header and the first high-low rail fusion protocol header of the retransmission packet carry the second flag, the first high-low rail fusion protocol header and the high-low rail fusion protocol header of the retransmission packet may also carry a sequence number, where the sequence number is used to indicate a sequence number of a packet from the access device to the network device, so as to avoid a problem that a network address currently used by the access device, which is determined by the network device, is repeatedly updated back and forth due to packet misordering, and reference may be specifically made to the related description of the following embodiment.

In the embodiment of the present application, for example, in the case that the network address of the terminal includes an IP address and a port number, the format of the high-low rail convergence protocol header may be as shown in fig. 4. In fig. 4, the packet type is a packet type field, which may be used to carry a packet type, and the packet type may include a high-track data packet, a low-track data packet, a retransmission packet, a control packet, a keep alive packet, a return packet, and the like; the Control vector field may carry a second flag indicating whether the data packet is an IP fragment packet, a second flag indicating whether the transmission link is a primary link, or the like. Source IP address and Source port number are network address fields, which can be used to carry the network address of the terminal; sequence number is a Sequence number field, which can be used to carry a Sequence number; the Terminal ID field is a device identification field, and may be used to carry a device identification of the access device. It should be noted that the high-low rail fusion protocol shown in fig. 4 is only an example. The control packet may be used to transmit control-related information between the access device and the network device.

In the method provided by this embodiment, an access device obtains a first IP packet to be sent to a destination server and sent by a terminal, and if the first IP packet can communicate with a network device through a low-earth satellite, the first IP packet is forwarded to the network device through the low-earth satellite, otherwise, the first IP packet is forwarded to the network device through a high-earth satellite, the network device performs address conversion according to a network address of the terminal and a device identifier of the access device to obtain a conversion address, and modifies a source address in the first IP packet into the conversion address and forwards the conversion address to the destination server, so that the access device preferentially forwards the IP packet to be sent to the destination server and sent by the access device through the low-earth satellite to the network device when the low-earth satellite is available, and forwards the IP packet to the destination server to the network device through the network device to the destination server, so as to utilize the advantage of high-bandwidth data transmission service of the low-earth satellite, and when the low-earth satellite is unavailable, the access device forwards the access device through the high-earth satellite to the target service The IP data packet of the device is forwarded to the network equipment, and the network equipment forwards the IP data packet to the destination server so as to utilize the advantage of wide coverage of the high-orbit satellite, thereby realizing the advantage of combining the wide coverage of the high-orbit satellite and the high bandwidth of the low-orbit satellite.

The implementation process of sending the IP data packet to the destination server by the terminal is mainly described above, and the destination server may also return the IP data packet to the terminal, which may specifically refer to the description of the embodiment shown in fig. 5.

Fig. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a satellite communication method according to another embodiment of the present application, where this embodiment mainly describes a process in which a destination server returns an IP packet to a terminal on the basis of the embodiment shown in fig. 3, and as shown in fig. 5, the method of this embodiment may include:

step 51, the network device obtains the second IP data packet sent by the destination server.

Step 52, the network device extracts the destination address from the second IP data packet to obtain the translation address.

And step 53, the network device performs address translation according to the translated address to obtain the network address of the terminal and the device identifier of the access device.

Step 54, the network device determines the network address currently used by the access device according to the device identifier of the access device and the maintained correspondence between the device identifier and the network address currently used.

Step 55, the network device modifies the destination address in the second IP data packet into the network address of the terminal according to the network address currently used by the access device, and forwards the modified destination address to the access device.

And step 56, the access device acquires the second IP data packet from the destination server forwarded by the network device.

And step 57, the access device forwards the second IP data packet to the terminal.

Since the network device modifies the source address in the first IP packet into the translation address and sends the modified source address to the destination server, the destination address in the IP packet sent by the destination server (hereinafter referred to as the second IP packet) is the translation address. Further, since the translation address is a network address of the network device for aggregating two paths of data forwarded by the high-orbit satellite and the low-orbit satellite of the same terminal network address into one path, the second IP data packet returned by the destination server in response to the first IP data packet can be obtained by the network device, and thus the network device can extract the destination address from the second IP data packet to obtain the translation address.

After the converted address is obtained, the network device may perform address conversion according to the converted address to obtain the network address of the terminal and the device identifier of the access device. It should be understood that, the process of the network device performing address translation according to the translated address to obtain the network address of the terminal and the device identifier of the network device may be understood as an inverse process of the network device performing address translation according to the network address of the terminal and the device identifier of the network device to obtain the translated address.

After obtaining the device identifier of the access device, the network device may determine the network address currently used by the access device according to the device identifier of the access device and the maintained correspondence between the device identifier and the network address currently used. It should be understood that, when a low-orbit satellite is available, the network address currently being used by the access device may specifically be a self network address currently being used by the access device to communicate with the low-orbit satellite; when the low-orbit satellite is not available, the network address currently being used by the access device may specifically be the own network address currently being used by the access device to communicate with the high-orbit satellite.

In an embodiment, when the network address of the access device corresponding to the acquired first IP data packet is different from the currently used network address corresponding to the device identifier of the access device in the corresponding relationship, the currently used network address corresponding to the device identifier of the access device in the corresponding relationship is updated to the network address of the access device corresponding to the first IP data packet. The network address of the access device corresponding to a first IP packet may be understood as a self network address used by the access device to forward the first IP packet.

In another embodiment, in a case that the access device sends the first packet to be transmitted to the network device through the destination low-orbit satellite and simultaneously forwards a retransmission packet of the first packet to be transmitted to the network device through the high-orbit satellite, the manner in which the network device maintains a correspondence between the device identifier and the currently used network address may include: and according to the obtained second mark in the high-low orbit fusion protocol header, the network address of the access equipment corresponding to the target first IP data packet of the main link is marked, and the currently used network address corresponding to the equipment identifier of the access equipment in the corresponding relation is maintained.

In one embodiment, when the network address of the access device corresponding to the target first IP data packet is different from the currently used network address corresponding to the device identifier of the access device in the corresponding relationship, the currently used network address corresponding to the device identifier of the access device in the corresponding relationship is updated to the network address of the access device corresponding to the first IP data packet.

In another embodiment, when the high-low orbit fusion protocol header also carries a sequence number, and when the network address of the access device corresponding to the target first IP data packet is different from the currently used network address corresponding to the device identifier of the access device in the corresponding relationship, if the sequence number in the high-low orbit fusion protocol header of the target first IP data packet is greater than the sequence number in the high-low orbit fusion protocol header of the first IP data packet of the currently used network address corresponding to the device identifier of the access device in the previous update corresponding relationship, the currently used network address corresponding to the device identifier of the access device in the corresponding relationship is updated to the network address of the access device corresponding to the target first IP data packet. Therefore, the problem that the network address currently used by the access equipment determined by the network equipment is repeatedly updated due to packet disorder can be avoided.

After determining the network address currently being used by the access device, the network device may modify the destination address in the second IP packet to the translation address and forward the modified destination address to the access device. Since the destination address in the second IP data packet acquired by the network device is the translation address, and the data portion in the second IP data packet needs to be sent to the terminal, the network device may modify the destination address in the second IP data packet into the network address of the terminal. Further, the access device may forward the second IP packet to the terminal. The access device may specifically forward the second IP data packet to the terminal according to the network address of the terminal, and the access device may obtain the network address of the terminal by extracting the destination address from the second IP data packet, for example.

Optionally, in order to facilitate the access device to obtain the network address of the terminal, the network device may encapsulate a high-low rail convergence protocol header (which may be denoted as a second high-low rail convergence protocol header) for the second IP data packet. Based on this, in an embodiment, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application may further include: and generating a second high-low orbit fusion protocol header carrying the network address of the terminal, and encapsulating the second high-low orbit fusion protocol header in the head of the second IP data packet to obtain a packet to be transmitted (which can be marked as a second packet to be transmitted). Similar to the first high-low rail fusion protocol header, the second high-low rail fusion protocol header may also carry an equipment identifier of the access equipment, so that the access equipment may know that the packet is sent to itself; and/or, optionally, the second high-low rail convergence protocol header may also carry a packet type, which may be, for example, a return packet.

For the obtained second packet to be transmitted, the network device may send the second packet to be transmitted to the access device according to the network address currently used by the access device. For example, the network device may send the second packet to be transmitted to the corresponding ground station according to the network address currently used by the access device, and the ground station forwards the second packet to be transmitted to the satellite and the satellite forwards the second packet to the access device.

In the embodiment of the application, the network device sends the second IP data packet or the second packet to be transmitted including the second IP data packet according to the network address currently used by the access device, so that the access device can obtain the second IP data packet forwarded by the network device. In a case that the second IP data packet is included in the second packet to be transmitted and is forwarded to the access device by the network device, the method provided in this embodiment of the present application may further include: and analyzing the second packet to be transmitted to obtain a second IP data packet and a second high-low orbit fusion protocol header encapsulated at the head of the second IP data packet, wherein the second high-low orbit fusion protocol header carries the network address of the terminal.

When the transport layer protocol used by the terminal to send the first IP data packet is the TCP protocol, the terminal may perform congestion control, where the congestion control is to adjust the sending rate in real time according to the network condition, so as to find an algorithm for balancing the data transmission rate and the queuing delay. Correspondingly, the network device may obtain a confirmation packet returned by the destination server, and the network device may further send a packet to be transmitted, in which the confirmation packet and a high-low rail convergence protocol header (which may be denoted as a high-low rail convergence protocol header b) conforming to a high-low rail convergence protocol are encapsulated, to the access device in a manner similar to that of the second IP data packet, so that the access device forwards the confirmation packet to the terminal, and the high-low rail convergence protocol header b may carry a network address of the terminal. Similar to the first high-low rail convergence protocol header, the high-low rail convergence protocol header b may also carry an equipment identifier of the access equipment, so that the access equipment may know that the packet is sent to itself; and/or, optionally, the high-low rail convergence protocol header b may also carry a packet type, and the packet type may specifically be a return packet.

Since the available bandwidths of the high-orbit satellite and the low-orbit satellite are very different, when the satellite switching occurs, the bandwidth of the terminal TCP connection is inevitably up-probed again (high orbit and low orbit) or a large amount of packet loss (low orbit and high orbit). In order to enable the terminal to adapt to the new network bandwidth quickly, optionally, the method provided in this embodiment may further include: if the first IP data packet is forwarded through the high orbit satellite, and the duration of the change of the link state between the access device and the low orbit satellite into the abnormal state is less than the time threshold, delaying for a period of time after obtaining the acknowledgement packet of the destination server for the first IP data packet, and forwarding the acknowledgement packet to the terminal. Therefore, the access equipment can adapt to the network bandwidth of the high-orbit satellite as soon as possible when the low-orbit satellite is switched to the high-orbit satellite.

And/or optionally, if the first IP data packet is forwarded through the low earth orbit satellite, and the duration of the link state between the access device and the low earth orbit satellite changing to the normal state is less than the duration threshold, before acquiring the acknowledgement packet of the destination server for the first IP data packet, the acknowledgement packet of the first IP data packet may be forged, and the acknowledgement packet is forwarded to the terminal. Therefore, the access equipment can adapt to the network bandwidth of the low-orbit satellite as soon as possible when the high-orbit satellite is switched to the low-orbit satellite.

The method provided by this embodiment extracts a destination address from the second IP packet through the network device to obtain a translation address, obtains a network address of the terminal and a device identifier of the access device according to the translation address, determines a network address currently used by the access device according to the device identifier of the access device, modifies the destination address in the second IP packet into the network address of the terminal according to the network address currently used by the access device, forwards the modified destination address to the access device, and forwards the modified destination address to the terminal through the access device, so that the network device can forward an IP packet returned by the destination server to the access device according to the network address currently used by the access device, and forwards the modified IP packet to the terminal through the access device, because the access device preferentially receives the IP packet returned by the destination server through the low-orbit satellite when the low-orbit satellite is available, so as to utilize the advantage of the high-bandwidth data transmission service of the low-orbit satellite, when the low-orbit satellite is unavailable, the high-orbit satellite receives the IP data packet returned by the destination server so as to use the advantage of wide coverage of the high-orbit satellite, thereby realizing the advantage of combining the wide coverage of the high-orbit satellite and the high bandwidth of the low-orbit satellite.

Fig. 6 is a schematic architecture diagram of an upper-lower orbit satellite converged communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 6, the system includes a mobile terminal 61, a low orbit satellite 62, a high orbit satellite 63, and a high and low orbit convergence gateway 64, where the mobile terminal 61 can be understood as the aforementioned access device, and the high and low orbit convergence gateway 64 can be understood as the aforementioned network device. For data from the terminal, the mobile terminal 61 may first process the data through the communication quality enhancement module, and then control the processing result of the communication quality enhancement module to be input to the high-low orbit satellite signal transceiver according to the decision result of the high-low orbit switching decision module.

The communication quality enhancement module can embed data into a high-low orbit fusion protocol header conforming to a high-low orbit fusion protocol, and can also compensate the influence of interruption on data transmission through active retransmission and congestion control enhancement during satellite switching. The high-low orbit switching decision module can perform high-low orbit switching based on active link detection and can also perform high-low orbit switching based on ephemeris calculation, and the decision result of the high-low orbit switching decision module can be 'high orbit' or 'low orbit'. The high-orbit satellite signal transceiver may include a high-orbit satellite baseband (GEO baseband) + a high-orbit satellite antenna (GEO antenna), and the low-orbit satellite signal transceiver may include a low-orbit satellite baseband (LEO baseband) and a low-orbit satellite antenna (LEO antenna). When the decision result is 'high orbit', the processing result of the communication quality enhancement module can be sequentially input to the GEO baseband and the GEO antenna to be transmitted to the high orbit satellite; when the decision result is "low orbit", the control module may sequentially input the processing result of the communication quality enhancement module to the LEO baseband and the LEO antenna to transmit to the low orbit satellite.

High-low rail convergence gateway 64 may include a convergence gateway portal and a plurality of convergence units. The method comprises the steps that signals transmitted back by a satellite enter a fusion gateway inlet, the fusion gateway inlet can be a UDP socket for example, and can be distributed to one of a plurality of fusion units according to a load balancing principle, each fusion unit can comprise a high-low orbit fusion protocol analysis module, a link management module and an address conversion module, the high-low orbit fusion protocol analysis module can be used for analyzing a packet to be transmitted, which is packaged with a high-low orbit fusion protocol header, the link management module can be used for maintaining the corresponding relation between a device identifier of access equipment and a currently used network address, and the address conversion module can be used for address conversion. The merging unit may be configured to aggregate two paths of data forwarded by the high-orbit satellite and the low-orbit satellite of the same terminal network address into one path, and send the path to an upstream server for processing, where the upstream server may be understood as the aforementioned destination server.

The entire system shown in fig. 6 only exposes a unique traffic ingress to the terminal, i.e. the network address of the access device, and therefore the system is transparent to the terminal, i.e. the terminal does not feel the presence of the dual link. It should be noted that the modules in fig. 6 refer to functional modules implemented by software, and the units refer to functional units implemented by software, and the implementation manners of the mobile terminal 61 and the high-low rail convergence gateway 64 in fig. 6 are all examples.

Fig. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a satellite communication method according to another embodiment of the present application, where the method according to this embodiment may be applied to the access device 11 in fig. 1, as shown in fig. 7, the method according to this embodiment may include:

step 71, acquiring a first IP data packet to be sent to a destination server, which is sent by a terminal;

and 72, if the first IP data packet can be communicated with the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite, forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite, otherwise, forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the high-orbit satellite, so that the network equipment forwards the first IP data packet to the destination server.

In an embodiment, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application may further include: and acquiring a second IP data packet from the destination server forwarded by the network equipment, and forwarding the second IP data packet to the terminal.

In an embodiment, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application may further include: extracting a source address from the first IP data packet to obtain a network address of the terminal; and generating a first high-low rail fusion protocol header carrying the network address of the terminal and the equipment identifier of the access equipment, and encapsulating the first high-low rail fusion protocol header in the head of the first IP data packet to obtain a first packet to be transmitted. Correspondingly, step 72 may specifically include: and if the network equipment can communicate with the low orbit satellite, sending the first packet to be transmitted including the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the low orbit satellite, otherwise, sending the first packet to be transmitted including the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the high orbit satellite.

In one embodiment, the first high-low rail convergence protocol header further carries a first flag, where the first flag is used to flag whether the first IP data packet is a fragment packet; when the first marker is used for marking that the first IP data packet is a fragment packet and the first IP data packet is not the first fragment, the extracted source address of the first IP data packet is null, and the network address of the access device carried in the first high-low orbit fusion protocol header is null.

In one embodiment, step 72 may specifically include: and if the link state between the access equipment and the low-orbit satellite is a normal state, forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite according to the network address of the network equipment, otherwise forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the high-orbit satellite according to the network address of the network equipment.

In an embodiment, in a case that the access device is capable of communicating with the high-orbit satellite and the low-orbit satellite at the same time, the method provided in this embodiment may further include: if the low orbit satellite is determined to be about to fly away from the area of the access device, forwarding the first IP data packet to the network device through the high orbit satellite while forwarding the first IP data packet to the network device through the low orbit satellite.

In an embodiment, the method provided in this embodiment may further include: determining that a link state with the low orbit satellite becomes an abnormal state if it is determined that the low orbit satellite is about to fly away from an area where the access device is located or a link with the low orbit satellite is detected to be disconnected, in a case where the link state with the low orbit satellite is a normal state; and/or determining that the link state between the satellite and the low-orbit satellite is changed into a normal state if the link conduction between the satellite and any one of the satellites is detected and the link quality meets a preset requirement under the condition that the link state between the satellite and the low-orbit satellite is an abnormal state.

In an embodiment, the method provided in this embodiment may further include: calculating the real-time track of the low-orbit satellite according to the ephemeris of the low-orbit satellite, and determining the area where the low-orbit satellite is about to fly away from the access equipment according to the real-time track of the low-orbit satellite; or determining that the low-earth orbit satellite is about to fly away from the area where the access device is located according to the notification of the network device.

In an embodiment, the method provided in this embodiment may further include: if the first IP data packet is sent by the high orbit satellite and the duration of the change of the link state between the access equipment and the low orbit satellite into the abnormal state is less than a duration threshold, delaying for a period of time and forwarding the acknowledgement packet to the terminal after acquiring the acknowledgement packet of the destination server for the first IP data packet; and/or if the first IP data packet is sent by the low orbit satellite, and the duration of the link state between the access device and the low orbit satellite changing into the normal state is less than a duration threshold, forging a confirmation packet of the first IP data packet before acquiring the confirmation packet of the destination server for the first IP data packet, and forwarding the confirmation packet to the terminal.

It should be noted that, for a specific implementation manner of the access device, reference may be made to specific descriptions in the embodiments shown in fig. 3 and fig. 5, and details are not described herein again.

According to the method provided by the embodiment, the access device acquires the first IP data packet sent by the terminal and to be sent to the destination server, if the first IP data packet can be communicated with the network device through the low-earth orbit satellite, the first IP data packet is forwarded to the network device through the low-earth orbit satellite, otherwise, the first IP data packet is forwarded to the network device through the high-earth orbit satellite, so that the network device forwards the first IP data packet to the destination server, when the low-earth orbit satellite is available, the access device forwards the data sent by the terminal to the destination server through the low-earth orbit link preferentially, and when the low-earth orbit satellite is unavailable, the data sent by the terminal to the destination server is forwarded through the high-earth orbit link, so that the advantages of combining the wide coverage of the high-earth orbit satellite and the high bandwidth of the low-earth orbit satellite are achieved.

Fig. 8 is a schematic flowchart of a satellite communication method according to another embodiment of the present application, where the method according to this embodiment may be applied to the network device 14 in fig. 1, as shown in fig. 8, the method according to this embodiment may include:

step 81, acquiring a first IP data packet from a terminal forwarded by the access device;

step 82, address conversion is carried out according to the network address of the terminal and the equipment identification of the access equipment to obtain a conversion address;

and step 83, modifying the source address in the first IP data packet into the conversion address and then forwarding the modified source address to the destination server.

In an embodiment, the method provided in this embodiment may further include: acquiring a second IP data packet sent by the destination server; extracting a destination address from the second IP data packet to obtain the conversion address; performing address translation according to the translation address to obtain a network address of the terminal and a device identifier of the access device; determining the network address currently used by the access equipment according to the equipment identifier of the access equipment and the corresponding relationship between the maintained equipment identifier and the network address currently used; and modifying the destination address in the second IP data packet into the network address of the terminal according to the network address currently used by the access equipment, and then forwarding the modified destination address to the access equipment so that the access equipment forwards the second IP data packet to the terminal.

In one embodiment, the obtaining of the first IP packet from the terminal forwarded by the access device includes: receiving a first packet to be transmitted sent by the access equipment, and analyzing the first packet to be transmitted to obtain a first IP data packet from a terminal;

the method provided by the embodiment may further include: and analyzing the first packet to be transmitted to obtain a first high-low rail fusion protocol header encapsulated in the header of the first IP data packet, wherein the first high-low rail fusion protocol carries the network address of the terminal and the equipment identifier of the access equipment.

In one embodiment, the first high-low rail convergence protocol header further carries a first flag, where the first flag is used to flag whether the first IP data packet is a fragment packet; when the first mark is used for marking that the first IP data packet is a fragment packet and the first IP data packet is not a first fragment, the network address of the access device carried in the first high-low orbit fusion protocol header is null, and the network address of the access device obtained through analysis is null;

the address conversion according to the network address of the terminal and the device identifier of the access device to obtain a converted address includes: and when a first mark carried in the first high-low orbit fusion protocol header is used for marking that the first IP data packet is an IP fragment packet and the network address of the terminal obtained by analysis is empty, performing address conversion according to the equipment identifier of the access equipment and the network address of the terminal obtained by analysis in the first fragment corresponding to the first IP data packet to obtain a converted address.

In an embodiment, the method provided in this embodiment may further include: when the acquired network address of the access device corresponding to the first IP data packet is different from the currently used network address corresponding to the device identifier of the access device in the corresponding relationship, the currently used network address corresponding to the device identifier of the access device in the corresponding relationship is updated to the network address of the access device corresponding to the first IP data packet.

It should be noted that, regarding the specific implementation manner of the network device, reference may be made to the specific description in the embodiments shown in fig. 3 and fig. 5, and details are not described here again.

In the method provided by this embodiment, the network device performs address translation according to the network address of the terminal and the device identifier of the access device to obtain the translation address, determines the network address currently used by the access device according to the device identifier of the access device, modifies the source address in the first IP data packet into the translation address according to the network address currently used by the access device, and forwards the translation address to the destination server, so that the network device can aggregate two paths of data forwarded by the high-orbit satellite and the low-orbit satellite from the same terminal network address into one path and send the path of data to the destination server for processing.

Fig. 9 is a schematic flowchart of a satellite communication method according to another embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 9, the method according to this embodiment may include:

step 91, acquiring a first IP data packet to be sent to a destination server, which is sent by a terminal;

step 92, when the communication with the network equipment through the low orbit satellite is changed into the communication with the network equipment through the low orbit satellite, the first IP data packet is forwarded to the network equipment through the low orbit satellite, and the switching is performed to forward the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the high orbit satellite; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

and step 93, when the communication with the network equipment can be changed from the communication with the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite, the first IP data packet is forwarded to the network equipment through the high-orbit satellite, and the first IP data packet is switched to be forwarded to the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite.

One possible scenario is that communication with the network device is first possible via the low-orbit satellite and then becomes impossible after a period of time via the low-orbit satellite. Specifically, under the condition that the communication with the network equipment can be carried out through the low earth orbit satellite, the acquired first IP data packet which is sent to the destination server by the terminal can be forwarded to the network equipment through the low earth orbit satellite, so that the advantage of high bandwidth of the low earth orbit satellite is utilized; and then, when the terminal cannot communicate with the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite, switching the acquired first IP data packet to be sent to the destination server by the terminal to be forwarded to the network equipment through the high-orbit satellite so as to utilize the advantage of wide coverage of the high-orbit satellite.

Illustratively, the step 92 may specifically include: when the link state between the network equipment and the low-orbit satellite is changed from a normal state to an abnormal state, the network equipment forwards the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite, and the network equipment forwards the first IP data packet to the high-orbit satellite.

Another possible scenario is when communication with the network device is not possible through the low-orbit satellite first, and after a period of time, communication with the network device becomes possible through the low-orbit satellite. Specifically, under the condition that communication with the network equipment cannot be performed through the low-orbit satellite, the acquired first IP data packet to be sent to the destination server by the terminal can be forwarded to the network equipment through the high-orbit satellite, so that the advantage of wide coverage of the high-orbit satellite is utilized; and then, when the terminal can communicate with the network equipment through the low-earth orbit satellite, switching the acquired first IP data packet to be sent to the destination server by the terminal to be forwarded to the network equipment through the low-earth orbit satellite so as to utilize the advantage of high bandwidth of the low-earth orbit satellite.

Illustratively, the step 93 may specifically include: when the link state between the network device and the low-orbit satellite is changed from an abnormal state to a normal state, the network device forwards the first IP data packet to the high-orbit satellite, and switches to forward the first IP data packet to the network device through the low-orbit satellite.

It should be noted that, for the implementation manner that the access device forwards the first IP data packet to the network device and forwards the first IP data packet to the destination server by the network device, and the implementation manner that the network device forwards the second IP data packet returned by the destination server to the access device and forwards the second IP data packet to the terminal by the access device, reference may be made to the specific description in the foregoing embodiments, which is not described herein again.

In the method provided by this embodiment, when communication with the network device via the low-orbit satellite becomes impossible, the first IP packet is forwarded to the network device via the low-orbit satellite, and the first IP packet is forwarded to the network device via the high-orbit satellite, so that switching from the low-orbit link to the high-orbit link is realized, and the advantage of wide coverage of the high-orbit satellite is utilized when the low-orbit satellite becomes impossible; in addition, when the communication with the network equipment can be changed from the communication incapability through the low-orbit satellite to the communication capable through the low-orbit satellite, the first IP data packet is forwarded to the network equipment through the high-orbit satellite, and the first IP data packet is switched to be forwarded to the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite, so that the switching from the high-orbit link to the low-orbit link is realized, and the advantage of high bandwidth of the low-orbit satellite is utilized when the low-orbit satellite becomes available.

Fig. 10 is a flowchart of a satellite communication method according to another embodiment of the present application, where the satellite communication method may be applied to an automatic driving scenario and may be executed by the access device 11 in fig. 1, as shown in fig. 10, the method according to this embodiment may include:

step 101, a first IP data packet to be sent to an automatic driving server and sent by an automatic driving terminal is obtained, wherein the first IP data packet comprises automatic driving data.

And 102, if the network equipment can communicate with the low-orbit satellite, forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite, otherwise forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the high-orbit satellite, so that the network equipment forwards the first IP data to the automatic driving server.

The autopilot data from the autopilot terminal to the autopilot server may include, for example, radar data, video data, positioning data, etc. Taking an autonomous automobile as an example, the autonomous terminal may be provided on the vehicle. After receiving the automatic driving data, the automatic driving server can generate a corresponding control instruction according to the automatic driving data so as to realize automatic driving.

It should be noted that, for an implementation manner in which the access device forwards the first IP data packet including the autopilot data to the network device, reference may be made to the detailed description in the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described here again.

Similarly, for the second data packet including the autopilot data returned by the autopilot server, the access device may forward the second data packet to the autopilot terminal, and the implementation manner may refer to the specific description in the foregoing embodiment, which is not described herein again. The automatic driving data from the automatic driving server to the automatic driving terminal may include control instruction data and the like, for example.

According to the method provided by the embodiment, if the communication with the network equipment can be performed through the low-orbit satellite, the first IP data packet including the automatic driving data is forwarded to the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite, otherwise, the first IP data packet is forwarded to the network equipment through the high-orbit satellite, so that the network equipment forwards the first IP data to the automatic driving server, the access equipment preferentially forwards the automatic driving data to be sent to the automatic driving server by the automatic driving terminal through the low-orbit link when the low-orbit satellite is available, and forwards the automatic driving data to be sent to the automatic driving server by the automatic driving terminal through the high-orbit link when the low-orbit satellite is unavailable, so that the advantage of combining the coverage area of the high-orbit satellite and the high bandwidth of the low-orbit satellite in an automatic driving scene is realized.

Fig. 11 is a flowchart of a satellite communication method according to another embodiment of the present application, where the satellite communication method may be applied to an automatic driving scenario and may be executed by the network device 14 in fig. 1, as shown in fig. 11, the method according to this embodiment may include:

and step 111, acquiring a first IP data packet from the automatic driving terminal forwarded by the access equipment, wherein the first IP data packet comprises automatic driving data.

And step 112, performing address translation according to the network address of the terminal and the device identifier of the access device to obtain a translated address.

Step 113, the source address in the first IP data packet is modified into the converted address and then forwarded to the destination server.

It should be noted that, for an implementation manner in which the network device forwards the first IP data packet including the autopilot data to the autopilot server, reference may be made to the detailed description in the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described here again.

Similarly, for the second data packet including the autopilot data returned by the autopilot server, the network device may forward the second data packet to the access device, so that the second data packet is forwarded to the autopilot terminal by the access device. The automatic driving data from the automatic driving server to the automatic driving terminal may include control instruction data and the like, for example.

According to the method provided by the embodiment, the network equipment carries out address conversion according to the network address of the automatic driving terminal and the equipment identification of the access equipment to obtain the conversion address, the network address currently used by the access equipment is determined according to the equipment identification of the access equipment, the source address in the first IP data packet including the automatic driving data is modified into the conversion address according to the network address currently used by the access equipment and then the conversion address is forwarded to the automatic driving server, and therefore the network equipment can aggregate two paths of data forwarded by a high-orbit satellite and a low-orbit satellite of the same automatic driving terminal network address into one path in an automatic driving scene and send the path of data to the automatic driving server for processing.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a satellite communication device according to an embodiment of the present application; referring to fig. 12, the present embodiment provides an apparatus that can perform the method of the embodiment shown in fig. 7, and specifically, the apparatus can include:

an obtaining module 121, configured to obtain a first IP data packet to be sent to a destination server and sent by a terminal;

a sending module 122, configured to forward the first IP data packet to the network device through the low-earth orbit satellite if the network device can communicate with the network device through the low-earth orbit satellite, and forward the first IP data packet to the network device through the high-earth orbit satellite if the network device cannot communicate with the network device through the low-earth orbit satellite, so that the network device forwards the first IP data packet to the destination server.

In an embodiment, the obtaining module 121 is further configured to obtain a second IP data packet from the destination server, which is forwarded by the network device; the sending module 122 is further configured to forward the second IP data packet to the terminal.

In one embodiment, the apparatus may further include an extracting module and a generating module; the extracting module is used for extracting a source address from the first IP data packet to obtain a network address of the terminal; a generating module, configured to generate a first high-low-orbit fusion protocol header carrying a network address of the terminal and a device identifier of the access device, and encapsulate the first high-low-orbit fusion protocol header in a header of the first IP data packet, to obtain a first packet to be transmitted;

the sending module 122 is specifically configured to: and if the network equipment can communicate with the low orbit satellite, sending the first packet to be transmitted including the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the low orbit satellite, otherwise, sending the first packet to be transmitted including the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the high orbit satellite.

In one embodiment, the sending module 122 is specifically configured to: and if the link state between the access equipment and the low-orbit satellite is a normal state, forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite, otherwise forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the high-orbit satellite.

In one embodiment, the apparatus provided in this embodiment further includes a first determining module; the first determination module is to: if the link state with the low-orbit satellite is a normal state, if the low-orbit satellite is determined to be about to fly away from the area where the access equipment is located or the link with the low-orbit satellite is detected to be disconnected, determining that the link state with the low-orbit satellite is changed into an abnormal state; and/or determining that the link state between the satellite and the low-orbit satellite is changed into a normal state if the link conduction between the satellite and any one of the satellites is detected and the link quality meets a preset requirement under the condition that the link state between the satellite and the low-orbit satellite is an abnormal state.

In an embodiment, in a case that the access device is capable of communicating with the high-orbit satellite and the low-orbit satellite at the same time, the sending module 122 is further configured to, if it is determined that the low-orbit satellite is about to fly away from the area where the access device is located, forward the first IP data packet to the network device through the high-orbit satellite while forwarding the first IP data packet to the network device through the low-orbit satellite.

In an embodiment, the apparatus provided in this embodiment further includes a second determining module, where the second determining module is configured to: calculating the real-time track of the low-orbit satellite according to the ephemeris of the low-orbit satellite, and determining the area where the low-orbit satellite is about to fly away from the access equipment according to the real-time track of the low-orbit satellite; or determining that the low-earth orbit satellite is about to fly away from the area where the access device is located according to the notification of the network device.

In an embodiment, the apparatus provided in this embodiment further includes a congestion control enhancement module, where the congestion control enhancement module is configured to: if the first packet to be transmitted is sent by the high-orbit satellite and the duration of the change of the link state between the access device and the low-orbit satellite into the abnormal state is less than a time threshold, delaying for a period of time and forwarding the acknowledgement packet to the terminal after acquiring the acknowledgement packet of the destination server for the first IP data packet; and/or if the first packet to be transmitted is sent by the low earth orbit satellite, and the duration of the link state between the access device and the low earth orbit satellite changing into the normal state is less than a duration threshold, forging a confirmation packet of the first IP data packet before acquiring the confirmation packet of the destination server for the first IP data packet, and forwarding the confirmation packet to the terminal.

The apparatus shown in fig. 12 can execute the method of the embodiment shown in fig. 7, and reference may be made to the related description of the embodiment shown in fig. 7 for a part of this embodiment that is not described in detail. The implementation process and technical effect of the technical solution refer to the description in the embodiment shown in fig. 7, and are not described herein again.

In one possible implementation, the structure of the apparatus shown in fig. 12 may be implemented as an access device. As shown in fig. 13, the access device may include: a processor 131 and a memory 132. Wherein the memory 132 is used for storing programs that support the access device to execute the method provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 7, and the processor 131 is configured for executing the programs stored in the memory 132.

The program comprises one or more computer instructions which, when executed by the processor 131, enable the following steps to be performed:

Optionally, the processor 131 is further configured to perform all or part of the steps in the embodiment shown in fig. 7.

The structure of the access device may further include a communication interface 133, which is used for the access device to communicate with other devices or a communication network.

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a satellite communication device according to another embodiment of the present application; referring to fig. 14, the present embodiment provides an apparatus, which may perform the method provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and specifically, the apparatus may include:

an obtaining module 141, configured to obtain a first IP data packet from a terminal forwarded by the access device;

an address translation module 142, configured to perform address translation according to the network address of the terminal and the device identifier of the access device, to obtain a translation address;

a sending module 143, configured to modify the source address in the first IP data packet into the converted address, and forward the modified source address to the destination server.

In an embodiment, the obtaining module 141 is further configured to obtain the second IP data packet sent by the destination server; the address translation module 142 is further configured to extract a destination address from the second IP data packet to obtain the translation address, and perform address translation according to the translation address to obtain a network address of the terminal and a device identifier of the access device; the sending module 143 is further configured to determine a network address currently used by the access device according to the device identifier of the access device and a correspondence between the maintained device identifier and the network address currently used, modify a destination address in the second IP data packet into a network address of the terminal according to the network address currently used by the access device, and forward the modified destination address to the access device, so that the access device forwards the second IP data packet to the terminal.

In an embodiment, the obtaining module 141 is specifically configured to receive a first packet to be transmitted sent by the access device, and analyze the first packet to be transmitted to obtain a first IP data packet from a terminal;

the apparatus provided in this embodiment further includes an analyzing module, configured to analyze the first packet to be transmitted to obtain a first high-low rail convergence protocol header encapsulated in the header of the first IP data packet, where the first high-low rail convergence protocol carries the network address of the terminal and the device identifier of the access device.

the address translation module 142 is specifically configured to, when a first flag carried in the first high-low rail convergence protocol header is used to flag that the first IP data packet is an IP fragment packet and the network address of the terminal obtained through analysis is null, perform address translation according to the device identifier of the access device and the network address of the terminal obtained through analysis in the first fragment corresponding to the first IP data packet, so as to obtain a translation address.

In an embodiment, the apparatus provided in this embodiment further includes an update module, where the update module is configured to: when the network address of the access device corresponding to the first IP data packet is different from the currently used network address corresponding to the device identifier of the access device in the corresponding relationship, the currently used network address corresponding to the device identifier of the access device in the corresponding relationship is updated to the network address of the access device corresponding to the first IP data packet.

The apparatus shown in fig. 14 can execute the method of the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and reference may be made to the related description of the embodiment shown in fig. 8 for a part of this embodiment that is not described in detail. The implementation process and technical effect of the technical solution refer to the description in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and are not described herein again.

In one possible implementation, the architecture of the apparatus shown in FIG. 14 may be implemented as a network device. As shown in fig. 15, the network device may include: a processor 151 and a memory 152. Wherein the memory 152 is used for storing programs that support the network device to execute the method provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 8, and the processor 151 is configured for executing the programs stored in the memory 152.

The program comprises one or more computer instructions, wherein the one or more computer instructions, when executed by the processor 151, enable the following steps to be performed:

Optionally, the processor 151 is further configured to perform all or part of the steps in the foregoing embodiment shown in fig. 8.

The network device may further include a communication interface 153 for the network device to communicate with other devices or a communication network.

Fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a satellite communication device according to yet another embodiment of the present application; referring to fig. 16, the present embodiment provides an apparatus, which can perform the method provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 9, and specifically, the apparatus can include:

an obtaining module 161, configured to obtain a first IP data packet sent by a terminal and to be sent to a destination server;

a first switching module 162, configured to, when communication with the network device through the low-earth orbit satellite becomes impossible, switch to forwarding the first IP data packet to the network device through the high-earth orbit satellite by forwarding the first IP data packet to the network device through the low-earth orbit satellite; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

and a second switching module 163, configured to forward the first IP data packet to the network device through the high-orbit satellite when the communication with the network device is changed from being unable to communicate with the network device through the low-orbit satellite, and switch to forward the first IP data packet to the network device through the low-orbit satellite.

In an embodiment, the first switching module 162 is specifically configured to forward the first IP data packet to the network device through the low-earth orbit satellite when a link state between the network device and the low-earth orbit satellite changes from a normal state to an abnormal state, and switch to forward the first IP data packet to the network device through the high-earth orbit satellite.

In an embodiment, the second switching module 163 is specifically configured to, when the link status between the network device and the low-earth orbit satellite changes from the abnormal status to the normal status, forward the first IP data packet to the network device through the high-earth orbit satellite, and switch to forward the first IP data packet to the network device through the low-earth orbit satellite.

The apparatus shown in fig. 16 can execute the method of the embodiment shown in fig. 9, and reference may be made to the related description of the embodiment shown in fig. 9 for a part of this embodiment that is not described in detail. The implementation process and technical effect of the technical solution are described in the embodiment shown in fig. 9, and are not described herein again.

In one possible implementation, the structure of the apparatus shown in fig. 16 may be implemented as an access device. As shown in fig. 17, the access device may include: a processor 171 and a memory 172. Wherein the memory 172 is used for storing programs that support the access device to perform the methods provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 9 described above, and the processor 171 is configured for executing the programs stored in the memory 172.

The program comprises one or more computer instructions which, when executed by the processor 171, is capable of performing the steps of:

when the situation that the communication with the network equipment can be changed from the situation that the communication with the network equipment can be carried out through the low-orbit satellite is unavailable is changed, the first IP data packet is forwarded to the network equipment through the high-orbit satellite, and the situation that the first IP data packet is forwarded to the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite is switched.

Optionally, the processor 171 is further configured to perform all or part of the steps in the embodiment shown in fig. 9.

The access device may further include a communication interface 173 for communicating with other devices or a communication network.

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a satellite communication device according to another embodiment of the present application; referring to fig. 18, the present embodiment provides an apparatus, which can perform the method provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 10, and specifically, the apparatus can include:

the acquiring module 181 is configured to receive a first IP data packet sent by an autopilot terminal and to be sent to an autopilot server, where the first IP data packet includes autopilot data;

a sending module 182, configured to forward the first IP data packet to the network device through the low-earth orbit satellite if the network device can communicate with the network device through the low-earth orbit satellite, or forward the first IP data packet to the network device through the high-earth orbit satellite, so that the network device forwards the first IP data to the autopilot server.

The apparatus shown in fig. 18 can perform the method of the embodiment shown in fig. 10, and reference may be made to the related description of the embodiment shown in fig. 10 for a part of this embodiment that is not described in detail. The implementation process and technical effect of the technical solution are described in the embodiment shown in fig. 10, and are not described herein again.

In one possible implementation, the structure of the apparatus shown in fig. 18 may be implemented as an access device. As shown in fig. 19, the access device may include: a processor 191 and a memory 192. Wherein the memory 192 is used for storing programs that support the access device to perform the method provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 10 described above, and the processor 191 is configured for executing the programs stored in the memory 192.

The program comprises one or more computer instructions which, when executed by the processor 191, are capable of performing the steps of:

receiving a first IP data packet which is sent by an automatic driving terminal and is to be sent to an automatic driving server, wherein the first IP data packet comprises automatic driving data;

if the network equipment can be communicated with the low orbit satellite, the first IP data packet is forwarded to the network equipment through the low orbit satellite, otherwise, the first IP data packet is forwarded to the network equipment through the high orbit satellite, and the network equipment forwards the first IP data to the automatic driving server.

Optionally, the processor 191 is further configured to perform all or part of the steps in the foregoing embodiment shown in fig. 10.

The access device may further include a communication interface 193, which is used for the access device to communicate with other devices or a communication network.

Fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a satellite communication device according to another embodiment of the present application; referring to fig. 20, the present embodiment provides an apparatus, which may perform the method provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 11, and specifically, the apparatus may include:

an obtaining module 201, configured to obtain a first IP data packet from an autopilot terminal, where the first IP data packet is forwarded by an access device, and the first IP data packet includes autopilot data;

an address translation module 202, configured to perform address translation according to the network address of the terminal and the device identifier of the access device, to obtain a translation address;

and the sending module 203 is configured to modify the source address in the first IP data packet into the converted address and forward the modified address to the autopilot server.

The apparatus shown in fig. 20 can execute the method of the embodiment shown in fig. 11, and reference may be made to the related description of the embodiment shown in fig. 11 for a part of this embodiment that is not described in detail. The implementation process and technical effect of the technical solution are described in the embodiment shown in fig. 11, and are not described herein again.

In one possible implementation, the architecture of the apparatus shown in FIG. 20 may be implemented as a network device. As shown in fig. 21, the network device may include: a processor 211 and a memory 212. Wherein the memory 212 is used for storing programs that support the network device to execute the method provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 11, and the processor 211 is configured to execute the programs stored in the memory 212.

The program comprises one or more computer instructions, wherein the one or more computer instructions, when executed by the processor 211, are capable of performing the steps of:

Optionally, the processor 211 is further configured to perform all or part of the steps in the foregoing embodiment shown in fig. 11.

The network device may further include a communication interface 213 for the network device to communicate with other devices or a communication network.

In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a satellite communication system, including an access device, a network device, a high-orbit satellite and a low-orbit satellite, where the high-orbit satellite is a high-orbit satellite, the low-orbit satellite is a medium-orbit or low-orbit satellite, the access device is capable of communicating with the high-orbit satellite and the low-orbit satellite, the access device is configured to perform the method in the embodiment shown in fig. 7, 9, or 10, and the network device is configured to perform the method in the embodiment shown in fig. 8 or 11.

Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed, the method of the embodiments shown in fig. 7, fig. 9, or fig. 10 is implemented.

Embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed, the method of the embodiment shown in fig. 8 or fig. 11 is implemented.

The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement such a technique without inventive effort.

Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment may be implemented by a necessary general hardware platform, and may also be implemented by a combination of hardware and software. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions and/or portions thereof that contribute to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a computer program product, which may be embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media having computer-usable program code embodied therein (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.).

The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, linked lists, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A satellite communication method applied to a satellite communication system, wherein the system includes an access device, a low-earth orbit satellite, a high-earth orbit satellite and a network device, and the access device is capable of communicating with the high-earth orbit satellite and the low-earth orbit satellite, and the method is applied to the access device, and includes:

2. The method of claim 1, further comprising: and acquiring a second IP data packet from the destination server forwarded by the network equipment, and forwarding the second IP data packet to the terminal.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the method further comprises:

extracting a source address from the first IP data packet to obtain a network address of the terminal;

generating a first high-low rail fusion protocol header carrying a network address of the terminal and a device identifier of the access device, and encapsulating the first high-low rail fusion protocol header in the head of the first IP data packet to obtain a first packet to be transmitted;

if the network device can communicate with the network device through the low-orbit satellite, forwarding the first IP data packet to the network device through the low-orbit satellite, otherwise forwarding the first IP data packet to the network device through the high-orbit satellite, including: and if the network equipment can communicate with the low orbit satellite, sending the first packet to be transmitted including the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the low orbit satellite, otherwise, sending the first packet to be transmitted including the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the high orbit satellite.

4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the first high-low rail convergence protocol header further carries a first flag, and the first flag is used to flag whether the first IP data packet is a fragmented packet; when the first marker is used for marking that the first IP data packet is a fragment packet and the first IP data packet is not the first fragment, the extracted source address of the first IP data packet is null, and the network address of the access device carried in the first high-low orbit fusion protocol header is null.

5. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the forwarding the first IP data packet to the network device through the low-orbit satellite if the communication with the network device through the low-orbit satellite is possible, and otherwise forwarding the first IP data packet to the network device through the high-orbit satellite comprises:

and if the link state between the access equipment and the low-orbit satellite is a normal state, forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite, otherwise forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the high-orbit satellite.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the method comprises:

determining that a link state with the low orbit satellite becomes an abnormal state if it is determined that the low orbit satellite is about to fly away from an area where the access device is located or a link with the low orbit satellite is detected to be disconnected, in a case where the link state with the low orbit satellite is a normal state;

and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

and under the condition that the link state between the satellite and the low-orbit satellite is an abnormal state, if the link conduction between the satellite and the low-orbit satellite is detected and the link quality meets the preset requirement, determining that the link state between the satellite and the low-orbit satellite is changed into a normal state.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein in the event that the access device is capable of communicating with both the high-orbit satellite and the low-orbit satellite, the method further comprises:

if the low orbit satellite is determined to be about to fly away from the area of the access device, forwarding the first IP data packet to the network device through the high orbit satellite while forwarding the first IP data packet to the network device through the low orbit satellite.

8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the method further comprises:

calculating the real-time track of the low-orbit satellite according to the ephemeris of the low-orbit satellite, and determining the area where the low-orbit satellite is about to fly away from the access equipment according to the real-time track of the low-orbit satellite;

or determining that the low-earth orbit satellite is about to fly away from the area where the access device is located according to the notification of the network device.

9. The method of claim 1, further comprising:

if the first IP data packet is forwarded through the high orbit satellite, and the duration of the change of the link state between the access device and the low orbit satellite into the abnormal state is less than a duration threshold, delaying for a period of time and forwarding the acknowledgement packet to the terminal after acquiring the acknowledgement packet of the destination server for the first IP data packet;

and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

and if the first IP data packet is forwarded through the low earth orbit satellite, and the duration of the change of the link state between the access equipment and the low earth orbit satellite into the normal state is less than a time threshold, forging the acknowledgement packet of the first IP data packet before acquiring the acknowledgement packet of the destination server for the first IP data packet, and forwarding the acknowledgement packet to the terminal.

10. A satellite communication method applied to a satellite communication system, wherein the system comprises an access device, a low-orbit satellite, a high-orbit satellite and a network device, the access device is capable of communicating with the high-orbit satellite and the low-orbit satellite, and the method is applied to the network device and comprises:

11. The method of claim 10, further comprising:

acquiring a second IP data packet sent by the destination server;

extracting a destination address from the second IP data packet to obtain the conversion address;

performing address translation according to the translation address to obtain a network address of the terminal and a device identifier of the access device;

determining the network address currently used by the access equipment according to the equipment identifier of the access equipment and the corresponding relationship between the maintained equipment identifier and the network address currently used;

and modifying the destination address in the second IP data packet into the network address of the terminal according to the network address currently used by the access equipment, and then forwarding the modified destination address to the access equipment so that the access equipment forwards the second IP data packet to the terminal.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the obtaining the first IP packet from the terminal forwarded by the access device comprises: receiving a first packet to be transmitted sent by the access equipment, and analyzing the first packet to be transmitted to obtain a first IP data packet from a terminal;

the method further comprises the following steps: and analyzing the first packet to be transmitted to obtain a first high-low rail fusion protocol header encapsulated in the header of the first IP data packet, wherein the first high-low rail fusion protocol carries the network address of the terminal and the equipment identifier of the access equipment.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the first high-low rail convergence protocol header further carries a first flag, and the first flag is used to flag whether the first IP data packet is a fragmented packet; when the first mark is used for marking that the first IP data packet is a fragment packet and the first IP data packet is not a first fragment, the network address of the access device carried in the first high-low orbit fusion protocol header is null, and the network address of the access device obtained through analysis is null;

14. The method of claim 11, further comprising: when the network address of the access device corresponding to the first IP data packet is different from the currently used network address corresponding to the device identifier of the access device in the corresponding relationship, the currently used network address corresponding to the device identifier of the access device in the corresponding relationship is updated to the network address of the access device corresponding to the first IP data packet.

15. A satellite communication method applied to a satellite communication system, wherein the system includes an access device, a low-earth orbit satellite, a high-earth orbit satellite and a network device, and the access device is capable of communicating with the high-earth orbit satellite and the low-earth orbit satellite, and the method is applied to the access device, and includes:

acquiring a first IP data packet which is sent by a terminal and is to be sent to a target server;

16. The method of claim 15, wherein switching to forwarding the first IP packet to the network device through the high-orbit satellite by forwarding the first IP packet to the network device through the low-orbit satellite when communication with the network device through the low-orbit satellite becomes unable to communicate with the network device through the low-orbit satellite comprises:

when the link state between the network equipment and the low-orbit satellite is changed from a normal state to an abnormal state, the network equipment forwards the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the low-orbit satellite, and the network equipment forwards the first IP data packet to the high-orbit satellite.

17. The method of claim 15, wherein switching to forward the first IP packet to the network device via the low-orbit satellite by forwarding the first IP packet to the network device via the high-orbit satellite when communication with the network device via the low-orbit satellite is changed from being unable to communicate with the network device via the low-orbit satellite comprises:

when the link state between the network device and the low-orbit satellite is changed from an abnormal state to a normal state, the network device forwards the first IP data packet to the high-orbit satellite, and switches to forward the first IP data packet to the network device through the low-orbit satellite.

18. A satellite communication method is applied to an automatic driving scene and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

and if the first IP data packet can be communicated with network equipment through a low orbit satellite, forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the low orbit satellite, otherwise forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through a high orbit satellite, and forwarding the first IP data packet to the automatic driving server by the network equipment.

19. A satellite communication method is applied to an automatic driving scene and is characterized by comprising the following steps:

20. A satellite communication apparatus applied to a satellite communication system, wherein the system includes an access device, a network device, a high-orbit satellite and a low-orbit satellite, the access device is capable of communicating with the high-orbit satellite and the low-orbit satellite, the apparatus is applied to the access device, and the apparatus includes:

and the sending module is used for forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the low orbit satellite if the first IP data packet can be communicated with the network equipment through the low orbit satellite, otherwise, forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the high orbit satellite, so that the network equipment forwards the first IP data packet to the destination server.

21. A satellite communication apparatus applied to a satellite communication system, wherein the system includes an access device, a low-earth orbit satellite, a high-earth orbit satellite, and a network device, the access device is capable of communicating with the high-earth orbit satellite and the low-earth orbit satellite, and the apparatus is applied to the network device, and the apparatus includes:

the address translation module is used for performing address translation according to the network address of the terminal and the equipment identifier of the access equipment to obtain a translation address;

22. A satellite communication apparatus applied to a satellite communication system, wherein the system includes an access device, a low-earth orbit satellite, a high-earth orbit satellite, and a network device, the access device is capable of communicating with the high-earth orbit satellite and the low-earth orbit satellite, the apparatus is applied to the access device, and the apparatus includes:

23. A satellite communication device for use in an autonomous driving scenario, comprising:

and the sending module is used for forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the low orbit satellite if the first IP data packet can be communicated with the network equipment through the low orbit satellite, or forwarding the first IP data packet to the network equipment through the high orbit satellite, so that the network equipment forwards the first IP data packet to the automatic driving server.

24. A satellite communication device for use in an autonomous driving scenario, comprising:

25. An access device, comprising: a memory, a processor; wherein the memory is to store one or more computer instructions, wherein the one or more computer instructions, when executed by the processor, implement the method of any of claims 1-9, 15-18.

26. A network device, comprising: a memory, a processor; wherein the memory is to store one or more computer instructions, wherein the one or more computer instructions, when executed by the processor, implement the method of any of claims 10 to 14, 19.

27. A satellite communications system comprising an access device, a network device, an high orbit satellite, the high orbit satellite being a high orbit satellite, and a low orbit satellite, the low orbit satellite being a medium orbit or low orbit satellite, the access device being capable of communicating with the high orbit satellite and the low orbit satellite, the access device being configured to perform the method of any of claims 1-9, 15-18, the network device being configured to perform the method of any of claims 10-14, 19.

28. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored thereon, which, when being executed, carries out the method of any one of claims 1 to 19.