CN114499630B - Ocean edge computing task unloading system based on air-space-ground integrated network - Google Patents

Ocean edge computing task unloading system based on air-space-ground integrated network Download PDF

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CN114499630B
CN114499630B CN202111619846.XA CN202111619846A CN114499630B CN 114499630 B CN114499630 B CN 114499630B CN 202111619846 A CN202111619846 A CN 202111619846A CN 114499630 B CN114499630 B CN 114499630B
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林志坚
陈小培
陈平平
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Fuzhou University
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Abstract

The invention provides an air-space-ground integrated network-based ocean edge computing task unloading system, which comprises a sea level layer, an air layer and a satellite layer, wherein the sea level layer is a sea level layer; the sea level comprises a plurality of sea level base stations, and each sea level base station comprises an energy recovery base station, a satellite ground station and a first edge calculation server; the aerial layer comprises a high-altitude balloon, and the high-altitude balloon is fixed on the seabed through a steel cable; the satellite layer comprises low-orbit satellites, medium-orbit satellites and geosynchronous orbit satellites which are deployed on corresponding orbits in space, and the number relation of the low-orbit satellites, the medium-orbit satellites and the geosynchronous orbit satellites satisfies the following conditions:
Figure 636113DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
wherein
Figure 562481DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Indicating the number of low-orbit satellites,
Figure 642433DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
indicating the number of satellites in mid-orbit,
Figure 996054DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
representing the number of geosynchronous orbit satellites; a second edge calculation server is loaded on the low-orbit satellite; by applying the scheme, the complexity of the whole network can be reducedThe reduction of degree, more practical and energy-conserving.

Description

Ocean edge computing task unloading system based on air-space-ground integrated network
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of air-space-ground integrated networks, in particular to an ocean edge computing task unloading system based on an air-space-ground integrated network.
Background
In recent years, various marine applications such as unmanned ships, marine environment monitoring, target tracking and emergency response are developed at a high speed, and the applications often have complex computing task requirements. However, the limited resources on the ship side have greatly limited the development of offshore computing-centric applications. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the quality of data transmission and reduce transmission delay, and to design a reasonable network architecture for the computation offloading of the offshore task.
The edge computing means that an open platform with integrated capabilities of network, computing, storage and the like is adopted at one side close to an object or a data source to provide services nearby. The application program is initiated at the edge side, so that a faster response can be generated, the calculation time is saved, and the user requirements are met. The marine communication system mainly comprises marine wireless communication, marine satellite communication and shore-based mobile communication. The Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) has the characteristics of low power consumption, high response speed, strong computing power and the like, and can well meet the computing-intensive application requirements of ocean users. Due to space and energy limitations, edge computing device deployment based on the ground (sea) surface cannot meet the increasing computing task demand, the air-space-ground integrated network (SAGIs) can provide ubiquitous connection and global coverage, partial edge computing can be diverted to the air/rail computing network by means of the air-space-ground integrated network, and the cooperative computing task unloading of the air-space-ground integrated network is achieved, so that the computing pressure of the ground (sea) surface is greatly relieved.
The air-ground integrated network architecture based on edge calculation in the prior art consists of five parts: satellite network, air network, sea surface network, underwater network, ground network. The satellite network consists of low orbit satellites, medium orbit satellites and geosynchronous orbit satellites. The aerial network consists of an unmanned aerial vehicle and a high-altitude platform. The surface network consists of a moving unmanned ship. The underwater network consists of an unmanned submarine. The ground network consists of shore-based base stations. In the marine environment, wind-force is powerful, and unmanned aerial vehicle's motion can consume huge energy hovering undoubtedly. The unmanned aerial vehicle has limited energy, and the duration of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be greatly reduced due to huge energy consumption. While a moving unmanned ship would result in increased costs and energy consumption, and furthermore, the large number of unmanned ships in the sea would increase the risk of the ship going. The communication of an underwater submarine with an air network is a significant problem, resulting in insufficient connectivity of the network. Shore-based base stations are furthermore capable of covering only a small part of the offshore area. In general, the network system does not well consider the practical situation of the sea, increases the cost and energy consumption, and cannot well form a heterogeneous network to provide edge computing service for marine users.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides an air-space-ground integrated network-based ocean edge computing task offloading system, which reduces the complexity of the overall network and is more practical and energy-saving.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: an air-space-ground integrated network-based ocean edge computing task unloading system comprises a sea level layer, an air layer and a satellite layer; the sea level comprises a plurality of sea level base stations, and each sea level base station comprises an energy recovery base station, a satellite ground station and a first edge calculation server; the aerial layer comprises a high-altitude balloon, and the high-altitude balloon is fixed on the seabed through a steel cable; the satellite layer comprises low-orbit satellites, medium-orbit satellites and geosynchronous orbit satellites which are deployed on corresponding orbits in space, and the number relation of the low-orbit satellites, the medium-orbit satellites and the geosynchronous orbit satellites satisfies the following conditions: n is a radical of LEO ＞N MEO ＞N GEO In which N is LEO Indicating the number of low earth orbit satellites, N MEO Indicating the number of medium orbit satellites, N GEO Representing the number of geosynchronous orbit satellites; a second edge calculation server is loaded on the low-orbit satellite;
the position of the sea surface base station is
Figure BDA0003437569020000031
Wherein
Figure BDA0003437569020000032
Namely the horizontal coordinate of the sea surface base station BS and the antenna height of the sea surface base station BS; the communication range of each sea surface base station BS is R BS (ii) a The first edge calculation server of each sea surface base station BS can simultaneously process the limited number of tasks, wherein the number of the tasks is omega;
the high-altitude balloon is positioned in the position
Figure BDA0003437569020000033
Wherein
Figure BDA0003437569020000034
Namely the horizontal coordinate of the high-altitude balloon TA and the height of the high-altitude balloon TA; the communication range of each high-altitude balloon TA is R TA (ii) a The position of the high-altitude balloon TA is related to the position of the sea surface base station BS; classifying the sea surface base stations BS by adopting a K-means clustering algorithm; the classification process is as follows:
(1) Input device
Figure BDA0003437569020000035
Classification number k, maximum iteration number m;
(2) From L BS Randomly selecting k positions as initial k clustering centers e: { e 1 ,e 2 ,...,e k }；
(3) Enter iteration
(4) Initial classification
Figure BDA0003437569020000036
(5) Calculating each sea surface base station
Figure BDA0003437569020000037
To each initial cluster center e k The distance of (c):
Figure BDA0003437569020000038
to a minimum distance
Figure BDA0003437569020000039
Labeling as a corresponding class λ i At this time, the classification is updated
Figure BDA00034375690200000310
(6) To C n All samples in (c) recalculate a new cluster center e n ：
Figure BDA00034375690200000311
(7) If all the cluster centers do not change any more or the maximum iteration number m is reached, the iteration is exited, and the output classification C = { C = 1 ,C 2 ,...,C k }；
(8) Its corresponding cluster center { e 1 ,e 2 ,...,e k And the position of the high-altitude captive balloon is shown.
In a preferred embodiment, the off-load computing process including a task comprises the steps of:
step 1: dividing the tasks into offshore tasks and ocean tasks according to the distance between the tasks, namely whether the base stations are distributed nearby or not;
step 2: computational offloading of offshore tasks: firstly, a user ship searches the periphery and whether the periphery is in the coverage range of a sea surface base station, and if the periphery is in the coverage range of the sea surface base station, a task is directly unloaded to the corresponding sea surface base station with the best channel quality; the sea surface base station directly returns the calculation result to the user ship; if the user ship is not in the coverage range of the sea surface base station, the task is unloaded to the high-altitude balloon, and the task is unloaded to the sea surface base station in the communication range of the high-altitude balloon by the high-altitude balloon; after the sea surface base station is calculated, the result is transmitted back to the high-altitude balloon, and the high-altitude balloon returns to the user ship;
and step 3: computational offloading of ocean missions: the ocean mission is a mission generated by a user outside the coverage range of a sea surface base station and a high-altitude balloon, and is unloaded by adopting a low-earth orbit satellite LEO; after the task is generated, unloading the task to a low earth orbit satellite LEO passing through the place; and the low earth orbit satellite LEO selects local calculation or uploads the calculation to a satellite ground station according to the characteristics of the task, and the calculation result is returned to the user by the medium earth orbit satellite MEO or the geosynchronous orbit satellite GEO.
In a preferred embodiment, the characteristics of the task specifically include a size of the task or a latency requirement of the task; if the task has large characteristics, unloading the task to a satellite ground station, and returning a calculation result to the medium orbit satellite MEO or the geosynchronous orbit satellite GEO and then returning to the user; if the task characteristics are small, the result is locally calculated by the low earth orbit satellite LEO and returned to the medium earth orbit satellite MEO or the geosynchronous orbit satellite GEO and then returned to the user.
In a preferred embodiment, the surface base station is located on an island or reef in the offshore sea area.
In a preferred embodiment, the energy harvesting device is for harvesting wind, tidal or solar energy.
In a preferred embodiment, a wind power generator is arranged on the high-altitude balloon, and the high-altitude balloon is powered by wind power in the high altitude.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The network architecture of the invention greatly reduces the complexity of the network, and the invention is only composed of three parts of the sea level layer, the air middle layer and the satellite layer, and has simple isomerism. In practical applications, depending on the nature of the task, only joint execution of at most two networks is required to compute a task. The network deployment cost is saved, and meanwhile, the network complexity is reduced.
(2) The air layer of the proposal is more in line with the actual situation and has less energy consumption. The air layer in the prior art is composed of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and a large amount of energy can be consumed by actions such as hovering and moving of the unmanned aerial vehicle. The proposal uses a captive high-altitude balloon and deploys it in the appropriate location. The nature of the balloon itself allows it to hover in the air and enables energy harvesting devices to be deployed via this platform to provide energy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic system diagram of an aerospace-ground integrated network-based marine edge computing task offloading system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a task unloading flow chart of a marine edge computing task unloading system based on an aerospace-geostationary network according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a working system of an energy collecting device of an aerospace-ground integrated network-based marine edge computing task offloading system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application; as used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
An air-space-ground integrated network-based ocean edge computing task unloading system comprises a sea level layer, an air layer and a satellite layer; the sea level comprises a plurality of sea level base stations, and each sea level base station comprises an energy recovery base station, a satellite ground station and a first edge calculation server; the aerial layer comprises a high-altitude balloon, and the high-altitude balloon is fixed on the seabed through a steel cable; the satellite layer comprises low-orbit satellites, medium-orbit satellites and geosynchronous orbit satellites which are deployed on corresponding orbits in space, and the number relation of the low-orbit satellites, the medium-orbit satellites and the geosynchronous orbit satellites satisfies the following conditions: n is a radical of LEO ＞N MEO ＞N GEO In which N is LEO Indicating the number of low earth orbit satellites, N MEO Representing the number of medium orbit satellites, N GEO Representing the number of geosynchronous orbit satellites; a second edge calculation server is loaded on the low-orbit satellite;
the position of the sea surface base station is
Figure BDA0003437569020000061
Wherein
Figure BDA0003437569020000062
Namely the horizontal coordinate of the sea surface base station BS and the antenna height of the sea surface base station BS; the communication range of each sea surface base station BS is R BS . The first edge calculation server of each sea surface base station BS can simultaneously process the limited number of tasks, wherein the number of the tasks is omega;
the high-altitude balloon is positioned in the position
Figure BDA0003437569020000063
Wherein
Figure BDA0003437569020000064
Namely the horizontal coordinate of the high-altitude balloon TA and the height of the high-altitude balloon TA; the communication range of each high-altitude balloon TA is R TA (ii) a The position of the high-altitude balloon TA is related to the position of the sea surface base station BS; classifying the sea surface base stations BS by adopting a K-means clustering algorithm; the classification process is as follows:
(1) Input device
Figure BDA0003437569020000071
Classification number k, maximum iteration number m;
(2) From L BS Randomly selecting k positions as initial k clustering centers e: { e 1 ,e 2 ,...,e k }；
(3) Enter iteration
(4) Initial classification
Figure BDA0003437569020000072
(5) Calculating each sea surface base station
Figure BDA0003437569020000073
To each initial cluster center e k The distance of (c):
Figure BDA0003437569020000074
to a minimum distance
Figure BDA0003437569020000075
Labeling as a corresponding class λ i At this time, the classification is updated
Figure BDA0003437569020000076
(6) To C n All samples in (2) recalculate the new cluster center:
Figure BDA0003437569020000077
e n the cluster center of the corresponding nth classification is pointed, namely the nth of the previous e array;
(7) If all the cluster centers do not change any more or the maximum iteration number m is reached, the iteration is exited, and the output classification C = { C = 1 ,C 2 ,...,C k }；
(8) Its corresponding cluster center { e } 1 ,e 2 ,...,e k And the position of the high-altitude captive balloon is shown.
An off-load computing process including a task, comprising the steps of:
step 1: dividing the tasks into offshore tasks and ocean tasks according to the distance generated by the tasks, namely whether the base stations are distributed nearby or not;
step 2: computational offloading of offshore tasks: firstly, a user ship searches the periphery and whether the periphery is in the coverage range of a sea surface base station, and if the periphery is in the coverage range of the sea surface base station, a task is directly unloaded to the corresponding sea surface base station with the best channel quality; the sea surface base station directly returns the calculation result to the user ship; if the user ship is not in the coverage range of the sea surface base station, the task is unloaded to the high-altitude balloon, and the task is unloaded to the sea surface base station in the communication range of the high-altitude balloon; and after the calculation of the sea surface base station is finished, the result is transmitted back to the high-altitude balloon, and the high-altitude balloon returns to the user ship.
And step 3: computational offloading of ocean missions: the ocean tasks are tasks generated by users outside the coverage range of a sea surface base station and a high-altitude balloon, and are unloaded by adopting a low-earth orbit satellite LEO; after the task is generated, unloading the task to a low earth orbit satellite LEO passing through the place; and the low earth orbit satellite LEO selects local calculation or uploads the calculation to a satellite ground station according to the characteristics of the task, and the calculation result is returned to the user by the medium earth orbit satellite MEO or the geosynchronous orbit satellite GEO.
The characteristics of the task specifically comprise the size of the task or the time delay requirement of the task; if the task has large characteristics, unloading the task to a satellite ground station, and returning a calculation result to the medium orbit satellite MEO or the geosynchronous orbit satellite GEO and then returning to the user; if the task characteristics are small, the result is locally calculated by the low earth orbit satellite LEO and returned to the medium earth orbit satellite MEO or the geosynchronous orbit satellite GEO and then returned to the user.
Specifically, the sea surface base station is arranged on a small island or a reef in the offshore sea area. The energy harvesting device is used for harvesting wind energy, tidal energy or solar energy. The high-altitude balloon is provided with a wind driven generator which provides energy by utilizing wind power in the high altitude. Referring to fig. 3, the energy collecting device collects solar energy by arranging an energy storage battery and a solar panel, and is powered by the solar energy; the energy collecting device collects tidal energy by arranging a generator and a propeller and generates electricity by tide; the energy collecting device collects wind energy through the arrangement of the generator and the windmill and generates electricity through the wind energy. The windmill is deployed on a sea surface base station to collect wind energy, the propeller is deployed under water to collect tidal energy, and the wind and the tide respectively drive the windmill and the propeller and then drive the generator to generate electric energy. The solar panel is deployed in an open place and directly collects solar energy to generate electric energy. And then the electric energy is stored in an energy storage battery for power supply.
The network architecture of the invention greatly reduces the complexity of the network, and the invention is only composed of three parts of the sea level layer, the air middle layer and the satellite layer, and has simple isomerism. In practical applications, depending on the nature of the task, only joint execution of at most two networks is required to compute a task. The network deployment cost is saved, and meanwhile, the network complexity is reduced. The air layer of the proposal is more in line with the actual situation and has less energy consumption. The air layer in the prior art is composed of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and a large amount of energy can be consumed by actions such as hovering and moving of the unmanned aerial vehicle. The proposal uses a captive high-altitude balloon and deploys it in the appropriate location. The nature of the balloon itself allows it to hover in the air and enables energy harvesting devices to be deployed via this platform to provide energy.

Claims (6)

1. An air-space-ground integrated network-based ocean edge computing task unloading system is characterized by comprising a sea level layer, an air-space layer and a satellite layer; the sea level comprises a plurality of sea level base stations, and each sea level base station comprises an energy recovery base station, a satellite ground station and a first edge calculation server; the aerial layer comprises a high-altitude balloon, and the high-altitude balloon is fixed on the seabed through a steel cable; the satellite layer comprises low-orbit satellites, medium-orbit satellites and geosynchronous orbit satellites which are deployed on corresponding orbits in space, and the number relation of the low-orbit satellites, the medium-orbit satellites and the geosynchronous orbit satellites satisfies the following conditions: n is a radical of LEO ＞N MEO ＞N GEO In which N is LEO Indicating the number of low orbit satellites, N MEO Representing the number of medium orbit satellites, N GEO Representing the number of geosynchronous orbit satellites; a second edge calculation server is loaded on the low-orbit satellite;
the position of the sea surface base station is
Figure FDA0003437569010000011
Wherein
Figure FDA0003437569010000012
Namely the horizontal coordinate of the sea surface base station BS and the antenna height of the sea surface base station BS; the communication range of each sea surface base station BS is R BS (ii) a The first edge calculation server of each sea surface base station BS can simultaneously process the limited number of tasks, wherein the number of the tasks is omega;
the high-altitude balloonIn the position of
Figure FDA0003437569010000013
Wherein
Figure FDA0003437569010000014
Namely the horizontal coordinate of the high-altitude balloon TA and the height of the high-altitude balloon TA; the communication range of each high-altitude balloon TA is R TA (ii) a The position of the high-altitude balloon TA is related to the position of the sea surface base station BS; classifying the sea surface base stations BS by adopting a K-means clustering algorithm; the classification process is as follows:
(1) Input device
Figure FDA0003437569010000015
Classification number k and maximum iteration number m;
(2) From L BS Randomly selecting k positions as initial k clustering centers e: { e 1 ,e 2 ,...,e k }；
(3) Enter into iteration
(4) Initial classification
Figure FDA0003437569010000016
(5) Calculating each sea surface base station
Figure FDA0003437569010000017
To each initial cluster center e k Distance (c):
Figure FDA0003437569010000018
to a minimum distance
Figure FDA0003437569010000019
Labeling as a corresponding class λ i At this time, the classification is updated
Figure FDA0003437569010000021
(6) To C n All samples in (2) recalculate new clustersCore e n ：
Figure FDA0003437569010000022
(7) If all the cluster centers do not change any more or the maximum iteration number m is reached, the iteration is exited, and the output classification C = { C = 1 ,C 2 ,...,C k }；
(8) Its corresponding cluster center { e 1 ,e 2 ,...,e k And the position of the high-altitude captive balloon is shown.
2. The air-space-ground integrated network-based ocean edge computing task unloading system according to claim 1, characterized by comprising an unloading computing process of tasks, comprising the following steps:
step 1: dividing the tasks into offshore tasks and ocean tasks according to the distance generated by the tasks, namely whether the base stations are distributed nearby or not;
step 2: computational offloading of offshore tasks: firstly, a user ship searches the periphery and whether the periphery is in the coverage range of a sea surface base station, and if the periphery is in the coverage range of the sea surface base station, a task is directly unloaded to the corresponding sea surface base station with the best channel quality; the sea surface base station directly returns the calculation result to the user ship; if the user ship is not in the coverage range of the sea surface base station, the task is unloaded to the high-altitude balloon, and the task is unloaded to the sea surface base station in the communication range of the high-altitude balloon; after the sea surface base station is calculated, the result is transmitted back to the high-altitude balloon, and the high-altitude balloon returns to the user ship;
and step 3: computational offloading of ocean missions: the ocean tasks are tasks generated by users outside the coverage range of a sea surface base station and a high-altitude balloon, and are unloaded by adopting a low-earth orbit satellite LEO; after the task is generated, unloading the task to a low earth orbit satellite LEO passing through the place; and the low earth orbit satellite LEO selects local calculation or uploads the calculation to a satellite ground station according to the characteristics of the task, and the calculation result is returned to the user by the medium earth orbit satellite MEO or the geosynchronous orbit satellite GEO.
3. The air-space-ground integrated network-based ocean edge computing task offloading system according to claim 1, wherein the characteristics of the task specifically include a size of the task or a time-delay requirement of the task; if the characteristics of the task are large, unloading the task to a satellite ground station, returning a calculation result to an in-orbit satellite MEO or a geosynchronous orbit satellite GEO, and then returning to the user; if the task characteristics are small, the result is locally calculated by the low orbit satellite LEO and returned to the medium orbit satellite MEO or the geosynchronous orbit satellite GEO and then returned to the user.
4. The air-space-ground-based integrated network based offshore edge computing task offloading system of claim 1, wherein the sea surface base station is disposed on an island or reef in an offshore sea area.
5. The air-space-ground-based integrated network based ocean edge computing task offloading system of claim 1 wherein the energy harvesting device is configured to harvest wind, tidal or solar energy.
6. The air-space-ground integrated network-based ocean edge computing task offloading system of claim 1, wherein the high-altitude balloon is provided with a wind power generator, and the high-altitude balloon is powered by wind power in the air.
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