CN114498796A - High-voltage parallel connection device, energy storage matrix, system and use method thereof - Google Patents
High-voltage parallel connection device, energy storage matrix, system and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114498796A CN114498796A CN202011261188.7A CN202011261188A CN114498796A CN 114498796 A CN114498796 A CN 114498796A CN 202011261188 A CN202011261188 A CN 202011261188A CN 114498796 A CN114498796 A CN 114498796A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00309—Overheat or overtemperature protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a high-voltage parallel device, an energy storage matrix, a system and a using method thereof. The high-voltage parallel device comprises a power wiring positive end, a main channel switch, a power wiring negative end, a current limiting unit and a display unit, wherein the display unit comprises a display assembly and an adjusting resistor connected with the display assembly in series; the main channel switch comprises at least three contact points, and the first contact point is connected with the negative end of the power connection wire; the second contact is connected with one end of the current limiting unit; the other end of the current limiting unit is connected with the positive end of the power wiring; one end of the display unit is connected with the positive end of the power wiring, and the other end of the display unit is connected with the third contact of the main channel switch, namely, the display unit or the current limiting unit is selectively connected through the main channel switch. According to the high-voltage parallel connector structure, whether the voltage of the parallel battery has backflow or not can be displayed, and the system safety and the service life of the battery are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electricity, in particular to a high-voltage parallel device, an energy storage matrix, a system and a using method of the system.
Background
The lithium battery is a secondary power source with the highest energy density so far, the most hidden danger when the lithium battery is used is the safety management of the battery, fig. 1 is a battery management system frequently adopted in the prior art, and as shown in fig. 1, most of the grouping technologies of the existing power lithium battery adopt a management mode of single-channel centralized type (BMS). Taking the existing electric automobile and electric energy storage station as examples, the battery management mode is that firstly the single batteries are connected in parallel to form a parallel battery pack, then all the parallel battery packs are connected in series to reach a certain target voltage, and finally the battery system required by the system application is formed through a single channel output. In the process of battery management, the BMS performs centralized data acquisition on each parallel battery pack, the acquired contents comprise voltage, current, temperature and the like, the acquired contents are uploaded to a centralized BMS management system control unit, and the BMS performs real-time control on a protection switch of a terminal. Although the traditional battery management mode is seemingly simple in structure and intelligent, certain problems exist. Several major problems with the above management systems are as follows:
the electric quantity of each parallel battery pack is too large, so that the balance cannot be implemented.
Secondly, in a single-channel design mode, under the condition of high-power work, the load pressure of a channel is inevitably caused.
And thirdly, the monitoring but uncontrolled mode cannot solve the fundamental problem of thermal runaway of the battery.
Disclosure of Invention
Because the mechanical protection switch is adopted in the battery cluster, the voltage endurance capability of the battery cluster is high, the arc extinguishing device is arranged in the circuit, and the parallel device is specially designed for solving the problems and simplifying the management aiming at some high-voltage applications, namely the applications of more than 144V. A plurality of single batteries and a parallel device are connected in series, and a display unit is used for displaying whether backflow exists or not.
The application provides a high-voltage parallel connector, a power wiring positive terminal, a main channel switch, a power wiring negative terminal, a current limiting unit and a display unit, wherein,
the display unit comprises a display component and an adjusting resistor connected with the display component in series; the main channel switch comprises at least three contact points, and the first contact point is connected with the negative end of the power connection wire; the second contact is connected with one end of the current limiting unit; the other end of the current limiting unit is connected with the positive end of the power wiring; one end of the display unit is connected with the positive end of the power wiring, and the other end of the display unit is connected with the third contact of the main channel switch, namely, the display unit or the current limiting unit is selectively connected through the main channel switch.
According to a specific embodiment of the present application, the current limiting assembly includes at least one NTC and at least one PTC connected in series with the at least one NTC.
According to a specific embodiment of the present application, the current limiting assembly includes at least two PTCs connected in parallel.
According to a specific embodiment of the present application, the main channel switch comprises a single pole double throw switch.
According to a specific embodiment of the present application, the display assembly includes one or more of an LED light, an alarm, and a display screen.
The application provides an energy storage matrix, includes: at least one cell and at least one high voltage shunt according to any one of claims 1 to 5;
at least one single battery is connected in series to form a battery string and is connected with at least one parallel connector in series to form a battery cluster;
at least two of the battery clusters are connected in parallel to form an energy storage matrix.
The application provides an energy storage system, includes: the energy storage matrix of claim 6, and a multi-channel management unit, wherein the multi-channel management unit is connected with all the high-voltage parallelors of the energy storage matrix and is used for controlling the on-off of the high-voltage parallelors.
According to a specific embodiment of the present application, the energy storage system further includes: the system comprises an information acquisition unit, an arithmetic unit and a central management unit, wherein the information acquisition unit, the arithmetic unit, the multi-channel management unit and the central management unit are sequentially connected;
the information acquisition unit is used for acquiring one or more signals of voltage, current and temperature of a path where the battery cluster is located;
the arithmetic unit is used for judging whether the one or more signals are in a preset range or not;
the multi-channel management unit is used for receiving the instruction from the central management unit and controlling the on-off of the high-voltage parallel connector according to the instruction;
and the central management unit is used for sending an instruction to control the on-off of the high-voltage parallel connector.
The present application provides a method of using a high voltage shunt comprising an energy storage matrix as described above, the method comprising:
under the preset voltage, a third contact of the main channel switch in the parallel battery cluster is closed, and the resistor is set to be in a current limiting state;
when all the battery pack voltages are consistent, the display unit prompts that backflow disappears in a preset mode, and then the second contact of the main channel switch is closed.
The present application provides a method of using a high voltage shunt, wherein the preset voltage is greater than 144 volts, and the preset mode includes one or more of lighting, a warning tone, and display information.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the problem of large reflux is solved.
2. The safety is improved by 2-3 orders of magnitude, and the service life of the battery is prolonged by 2-3 times.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by describing in more detail embodiments of the present application with reference to the attached drawings. The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application. In the drawings, like reference characters generally refer to the same or similar parts.
FIG. 1 illustrates a prior art battery management system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a high-voltage shunt according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage matrix according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments in order to make the concept and idea of the present invention more clearly understood by those skilled in the art. It is to be understood that the embodiments presented herein are only a few of all embodiments that the present invention may have. Those skilled in the art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications, variations, or alterations to the described embodiments, either in whole or in part, are possible and within the scope of the invention as claimed.
In this document, the term "embodiment" does not imply that the pertinent description applies to only one particular embodiment, but rather that the description may apply to additional embodiment(s). Those of skill in the art will understand that any of the descriptions given herein for one embodiment can be combined with, substituted for, or combined with the descriptions of one or more other embodiments to produce new embodiments, which are readily apparent to those of skill in the art and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
In the prior art shown in fig. 1, the single cells are connected in parallel to form a battery pack, and then connected in series to form a series battery pack, and this single-channel design mode inevitably causes load pressure of the channel under the condition of high-power operation. Taking an electric vehicle as an example, since the design voltage of a battery pack of the electric vehicle is generally over 300 volts, higher requirements are put on all management and control switching devices, and the improvement of the withstand voltage level represents the cost improvement and the reliability reduction. In addition, not only are there hundreds of welding points on the channel, but all the drive power of the vehicle is realized by the channel. In the process, the working current of the channel is generally more than 200-300 amperes, and the peak current even thousands causes the channel overheating, and further the battery overheating. This is also one of the causes of thermal runaway.
In the prior art, because each parallel battery pack has too large electric quantity, equalization cannot be implemented, and thus the problem of serious consistency attenuation of the battery in long-term use and repeated charge and discharge processes is caused. The problem is not only a big pain point of the existing electric automobile and the energy storage station, but also more or less exists even for the electric bicycle, the motorcycle, the tricycle and the like.
The reason for the uniformity degradation problem is that the voltage varies during the actual installation due to the "virtual voltage" of the battery itself. For this reason, "surface conforming cells" do not actually conform when actually assembled, which has been a phenomenon that has plagued the industry for many years.
The energy storage matrix has the characteristic of series dynamic balance, is combined with the high-voltage parallel device, and realizes multi-channel voltage dynamic balance when in parallel connection.
In fig. 1, all the battery packs connected in series are monitored by the battery management module 11, the monitoring and non-control mode cannot solve the fundamental problem of battery thermal runaway, and the monitoring only informs that even if measures are taken, the interlocking effect of internal overheating cannot be solved by switching off the external relay 12 switch. The reaction time of thermal runaway is generally less than 5 seconds, and once thermal runaway cannot be inhibited due to great power, no effective control means exists so far.
In order to solve the problems, the parallel connection converging mode that the single batteries are firstly connected in series to form a battery cluster and then connected in parallel to form an energy storage matrix is adopted, and the problem of high-power heat management is solved.
In the existing single-channel system, signals collected by a centralized management mode mainly come from voltage signals, temperature signals and current signals of each series battery pack to perform single-channel management. This process is very complicated as the capacity required by the cell increases, without opening parallel compatibilization.
The battery cluster expansion method and the battery cluster expansion device have the advantages that the battery cluster completes series connection safety protection of the batteries through the distribution block mode, and the capacity expansion problem of the battery system needs to be further solved on the premise that the consistency problem is solved in a self-balancing mode. The method selected is parallel connection after large series connection, and in order to simplify the process, a parallel connector is adopted as the simplest method.
The high-voltage parallel device disclosed by the invention is one of important devices of a matrix type battery system to a parallel system, and the actual operability of parallel connection is improved on the premise of solving the problem of the series system.
The application guarantees the uniformity of battery through the dynamic balance function of every battery cluster, and the safety protection of battery is guaranteed to the switch module of battery cluster. In the process of abnormal thermal control, the battery cluster is automatically powered off and isolated from the channel, and the channel is powered off again and isolated from the system through the anti-reverse parallel device. The system framework can ensure that the overall consistency of the battery is good, and the blocking capability of thermal runaway is improved by two orders of magnitude compared with that of the traditional lithium battery system.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1, a high voltage parallel connection according to the present embodiment includes: the power connection circuit comprises a power connection positive terminal 1, a main channel switch 5, a power connection negative terminal 6, a current limiting unit 2 and a display unit, wherein the display unit comprises a display component 3 and an adjusting resistor 4 connected with the display component 3 in series;
the main channel switch comprises at least three contact points, and the first contact point c is connected with the negative end of the power connection wire; the second contact b is connected with one end of the current limiting unit 2;
the other end of the current limiting unit 2 is connected with the power wiring positive terminal 1;
one end of the display unit is connected with the power wiring positive terminal 1, and the other end of the display unit is connected with the third contact a of the main channel switch 5, namely, the display unit is selectively connected with the current limiting unit 2 or the display unit through the main channel switch 5.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the display assembly may include one or more of an alarm and a display screen in addition to the adjusting resistor 4 and the LED lamp described above.
According to some embodiments of the present application, the main channel switch may be a single pole double throw switch as described above, and two separate switches may be used to control the opening and closing of each node.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the current limiting element 2 is a high resistance resistor, and may be a series structure of a negative temperature coefficient thermistor (NTC) and a positive temperature coefficient thermistor (PTC).
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the current limiting assembly 2 is a plurality of PTC parallel structures.
Example 2: an energy storage matrix comprising: a plurality of single batteries 61 and a plurality of high-voltage parallelrs 62, wherein the single batteries 61 are connected in series to form a battery string and are connected with one high-voltage parallelr 62 in series to form a battery cluster; and a plurality of the battery clusters are connected in parallel to form an energy storage matrix.
Example 3: an energy storage system comprises the energy storage matrix and a multi-channel management unit 43, wherein the multi-channel management unit 43 is connected with all high-voltage parallel connectors 45 of the energy storage matrix and is used for controlling the on-off of the high-voltage parallel connectors.
According to a specific embodiment of the present application, the energy storage system further includes: the system comprises an information acquisition unit 41, an arithmetic unit 42 and a central management unit 44, wherein the information acquisition unit 41, the arithmetic unit 42, a multi-channel management unit 43 and the central management unit 44 are connected in sequence.
The information acquisition unit 41 is configured to acquire one or more signals of voltage, current, and temperature of a path in which the battery cluster is located;
the arithmetic unit 42 is used for judging whether the one or more signals are in a preset range;
the multi-channel management unit 43 is used for receiving the instruction from the central management unit and controlling the on-off of the high-voltage parallel connector according to the instruction;
the central management unit 44 is configured to issue an instruction to control on/off of the high-voltage parallel unit.
According to a specific embodiment of the present application, the arithmetic unit 42 may further send the determination result to the central line management unit 44, and the central management unit 44 determines whether to send the command according to the determination result.
Example 4: a method for using high-voltage parallel device, under the preset voltage, the contact a of the single-pole double-throw switch is closed, and the adjusting resistance is set to be in the current-limiting state; when the voltages of all the battery clusters are consistent, the backflow disappears, the LED lamp is extinguished within a set range, and then the contact b of the single-pole double-throw switch is closed.
According to some specific embodiments of the present application, the preset voltage is greater than 144 volts, and the preset mode includes one or more of lighting, a warning tone, and display information.
The concepts, principles and concepts of the invention have been described above in detail in connection with specific embodiments (including examples and illustrations). It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the specific forms set forth herein, and that many modifications, alterations, and equivalents of the steps, methods, apparatus, and components described in the above embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art after reading this specification, and that such modifications, alterations, and equivalents are to be considered as falling within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is only limited by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A high pressure shunt, comprising:
a power connection positive terminal, a main channel switch, a power connection negative terminal, a current limiting unit and a display unit, wherein,
the display unit comprises a display component and an adjusting resistor connected with the display component in series;
the main channel switch comprises at least three contact points, and the first contact point is connected with the negative end of the power connection wire; the second contact is connected with one end of the current limiting unit;
the other end of the current limiting unit is connected with the positive end of the power wiring;
one end of the display unit is connected with the positive end of the power wiring, and the other end of the display unit is connected with the third contact of the main channel switch, namely, the display unit or the current limiting unit is selectively connected through the main channel switch.
2. The high voltage shunt according to claim 1, wherein said current limiting assembly comprises at least one NTC and at least one PTC in series with said at least one NTC.
3. The high voltage shunt according to claim 1, wherein said current limiting assembly comprises at least two PTCs connected in parallel.
4. The high voltage shunt according to claim 1, wherein said main channel switch comprises a single pole double throw switch.
5. The high voltage shunt according to claim 1, wherein said display assembly comprises one or more of an LED light, an alarm, and a display screen.
6. An energy storage matrix, comprising: at least one cell and at least one high voltage shunt according to any one of claims 1 to 5;
at least one single battery is connected in series to form a battery string and is connected with at least one parallel connector in series to form a battery cluster;
at least two of the battery clusters are connected in parallel to form an energy storage matrix.
7. An energy storage system, characterized in that it comprises an energy storage matrix according to claim 6, and a multichannel management unit, said multichannel management unit is connected with all high-voltage parallels of said energy storage matrix for controlling the on-off of the high-voltage parallels.
8. The energy storage system of claim 7, further comprising: the system comprises an information acquisition unit, an arithmetic unit and a central management unit, wherein the information acquisition unit, the arithmetic unit, the multi-channel management unit and the central management unit are sequentially connected;
the information acquisition unit is used for acquiring one or more signals of voltage, current and temperature of a path where the battery cluster is located;
the arithmetic unit is used for judging whether the one or more signals are in a preset range or not;
the multi-channel management unit is used for receiving the instruction from the central management unit and controlling the on-off of the high-voltage parallel connector according to the instruction;
and the central management unit is used for sending an instruction to control the on-off of the high-voltage parallel connector.
9. A method of using a high voltage shunt including the energy storage matrix of claim 4, comprising:
under the preset voltage, a third contact of the main channel switch in the parallel battery cluster is closed, and the resistor is set to be in a current limiting state;
when all the battery pack voltages are consistent, the display unit prompts that backflow disappears in a preset mode, and then the second contact of the main channel switch is closed.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the predetermined voltage is greater than 144 volts, and the predetermined pattern comprises one or more of lights, tones, and messages.
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| CN202011261188.7A CN114498796A (en) | 2020-11-12 | 2020-11-12 | High-voltage parallel connection device, energy storage matrix, system and use method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114142582A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-03-04 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Be applicable to multichannel DC power supply parallel arrangement |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114142582A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-03-04 | 合肥国轩高科动力能源有限公司 | Be applicable to multichannel DC power supply parallel arrangement |
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