CN114497635B - Anti-icing hydrogen ejector - Google Patents
Anti-icing hydrogen ejector Download PDFInfo
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- CN114497635B CN114497635B CN202210394498.9A CN202210394498A CN114497635B CN 114497635 B CN114497635 B CN 114497635B CN 202210394498 A CN202210394498 A CN 202210394498A CN 114497635 B CN114497635 B CN 114497635B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/14—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid
- F04F5/16—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing elastic fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
- F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
- F04F5/44—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04F5/02 - F04F5/42
- F04F5/48—Control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04097—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04253—Means for solving freezing problems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0432—Temperature; Ambient temperature
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Abstract
The invention provides an anti-icing hydrogen ejector, belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, and solves the problems that an existing hydrogen ejector is poor in universality and easy to ice. The device comprises a high-pressure nozzle 1, an ejector main body 2 and a controller 5. One end of a shell of the high-pressure spray head 1 is an air inlet, the other end of the shell is a conical structure with an injection hole channel inside, and a plurality of annular heaters 3 are sealed in the shell of the middle section close to the air inlet; one side of the shell of the ejector main body 2 is provided with a main gas path air inlet and a circulating gas path inlet which are embedded into the conical structure, and the other side is provided with a diffusion air outlet; the controller 5 detects the ambient temperature before ventilation and starts the ring heater when the ambient temperature is lower than a threshold value; and respectively monitoring the gas temperatures of the gas inlet of the high-pressure nozzle 1 and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body 2 in the ventilation process, and regulating and controlling the heating temperature and the heating rate of each annular heater in real time according to the gas temperature difference of the two positions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to an anti-icing hydrogen ejector.
Background
In the design of a fuel cell system, the metering ratio requirement of hydrogen is different due to different working conditions of a galvanic pile. In order to ensure high efficiency, the hydrogen supply amount is required to be larger than the hydrogen consumption amount. The excess hydrogen which is not consumed is inevitably generated in the working process of the galvanic pile, and the excess hydrogen is directly discharged to pollute the environment, is explosive and unsafe, so the excess hydrogen needs to be reused.
At present, a hydrogen circulation pump or a hydrogen ejector is generally designed in a hydrogen circulation system of the fuel cell, so that hydrogen flows in the fuel cell. The hydrogen circulation pump requires additional control and also consumes additional power consumption, and is particularly prone to failure. The existing hydrogen ejector is of a mechanical structure, and after the size design and the sizing are carried out, the existing hydrogen ejector cannot meet all the electric pile working points and cannot exert the highest working efficiency of a fuel cell system. In addition, the existing hydrogen ejector has no heating function, and can freeze when used at the temperature of minus 30 ℃, so that the cold start function of the fuel cell is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the foregoing analysis, an embodiment of the present invention provides an anti-icing hydrogen injector to solve the problems of poor versatility and easy icing of the existing hydrogen injector.
On one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides an anti-icing hydrogen ejector, which comprises a high-pressure spray head (1), an ejector main body (2) and a controller (5); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
one end of a shell of the high-pressure spray head (1) is provided with an air inlet, the other end of the shell is of a conical structure with an injection hole channel inside, and a plurality of annular heaters (3) are sealed in the shell of the middle section close to the air inlet;
one side of the shell of the ejector main body (2) is provided with a main path gas inlet which is embedded into the conical structure and provides support for the high-pressure nozzle (1), and a circulating gas path inlet which is connected with a hydrogen tail gas output end of the fuel cell, and the other side of the shell is provided with a diffusion gas outlet which is connected with the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell;
the controller (5) is used for detecting the ambient temperature before the ventilation of the hydrogen ejector and starting the ring heater (3) when the ambient temperature is lower than a threshold value; and respectively monitoring the gas temperatures of the gas inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the gas temperature of the circulating gas path inlet of the injector main body (2) in the ventilation process of the hydrogen injector, and regulating and controlling the heating temperature and the heating rate of each annular heater in real time according to the gas temperature difference of the two positions.
The beneficial effects of the above technical scheme are as follows: in order to prevent water from accumulating inside the high-pressure spray head and ice in winter when the engine is not started, the annular heater (3) is arranged on the air inlet side of the high-pressure spray head, so that the ice melting efficiency is high, the processing is simple, and the insulation effect is good. Moreover, each ejector main body (2) can be provided with high-pressure nozzles (1) with different ejection sizes, the problem of poor universality of the existing hydrogen ejector is solved, and when the power of a fuel cell is changed, only the high-pressure nozzles (1) need to be replaced, so that the workload and the working time are saved. The high-pressure nozzles (1) with different calibers are replaced for the hydrogen ejectors with different powers, so that the power of the galvanic pile can be quickly adjusted.
Based on the further improvement of the hydrogen ejector, a circular concave groove for placing and fixing the annular heater (3) is arranged on the outer side of the shell of the high-pressure nozzle (1); a detachable annular sealing end cover (4) is arranged at the inlet of the circular concave groove; and also,
the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the ejector main body (2) are made of metal materials.
Further, the controller (5) further comprises, connected in sequence:
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring the ambient temperature, the ventilation speed, the gas temperature and the gas humidity at two positions of the air inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body (2), and sending the acquired data to the data processing and control unit;
the data processing and control unit is used for detecting the ambient temperature before the ventilation of the hydrogen ejector and starting all the ring heaters (3) when the ambient temperature is lower than a threshold value; and respectively monitoring the ventilation speed, the gas temperature and the gas humidity of two positions of an air inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and a circulating gas path inlet of the injector main body (2) in the ventilation process of the hydrogen injector, regulating and controlling the ventilation speed of the air inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) in real time according to the ventilation speed difference of the two positions, regulating and controlling the heating temperature and the heating rate of each annular heater in real time according to the gas temperature difference of the two positions, and regulating and controlling the gas humidity of the circulating gas path inlet in real time according to the gas humidity difference of the two positions.
Further, the data acquisition unit further comprises:
the environment temperature sensor is arranged outside the shell of the ejector main body (2) and used for monitoring the environment temperature of the hydrogen ejector;
the gas flow sensors are respectively arranged at the gas inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body (2) and are used for respectively monitoring the ventilation speeds of the gas inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body (2);
the gas temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the gas inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body (2) and are used for respectively monitoring the gas temperature at two positions of the gas inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body (2);
and the gas humidity sensor is respectively arranged at the gas inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body (2) and is used for respectively monitoring the gas humidity at two positions of the gas inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body (2).
Further, the data processing and control unit executes the following program:
detecting the ambient temperature before the ventilation of the hydrogen ejector, and when the ambient temperature is lower than a threshold value, starting all the annular heaters (3) to heat for a set time, and then ventilating the hydrogen ejector;
respectively detecting the ventilation speeds of an air inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and a circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body (2) in the ventilation process of the hydrogen ejector;
acquiring the ventilation speed difference of the two positions, inputting the ventilation speed difference of the two positions, the ventilation speeds of the air inlet of the high-pressure spray nozzle (1) and the circulating air path inlet of the ejector main body (2) and the ventilation speed of the preset output gas of the hydrogen ejector into a pre-trained deep learning network I to acquire the optimal ventilation speed of the air inlet of the high-pressure spray nozzle (1), and regulating and controlling the ventilation speed of the air inlet of the high-pressure spray nozzle (1) in real time according to the optimal ventilation speed;
after the regulation and control of the ventilation speed are finished, respectively detecting the gas temperature at two positions of the gas inlet of the high-pressure spray head (1) and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body (2);
acquiring the gas temperature difference between the two positions, inputting the gas temperature difference and the preset output gas temperature of the two positions into a second deep learning network trained in advance, acquiring the optimal heating temperature and the optimal heating rate of each annular heater, so that the heating time is shortest, and regulating and controlling the corresponding annular heaters in real time according to the optimal heating temperature and the optimal heating rate;
after the regulation and control of the gas temperature are finished, the gas humidity at two positions of the gas inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body (2) is respectively detected;
and acquiring the gas humidity difference between the two positions, inputting the gas humidity difference and the preset output gas humidity between the two positions into a third deep learning network trained in advance, acquiring the optimal gas humidity of the circulating gas path inlet, and regulating and controlling the gas humidity of the circulating gas path inlet in real time according to the gas humidity.
Furthermore, the shell of the high-pressure nozzle (1) comprises a uniform inner diameter channel, a cone channel with a set cone angle and an injection hole channel with uniform inner diameter which are communicated in sequence and are in smooth transition; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the shell of the ejector main body (2) comprises a mixing chamber and a diffusion chamber which are communicated in sequence and are in smooth transition; the mixing chamber has a main circuit gas path inlet and a circulating gas path inlet.
Furthermore, the hydrogen ejector also comprises a sealing structure arranged between the connecting part of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the ejector main body (2);
the seal structure comprises a plurality of individual seal rings; and each sealing ring is connected with the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the ejector main body (2) in an interference fit manner.
Furthermore, a shell of the high-pressure nozzle (1) is also provided with a limiting salient point for limiting the extending position of the conical structure; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the centers of all the limiting salient points are positioned in the same plane.
Furthermore, the uniform inner diameter channel, the cone channel and the injection hole channel of the high-pressure nozzle (1) are positioned on the same straight line with the central axes of the mixing chamber and the diffusion chamber of the injector main body (2); and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the high-pressure nozzle (1), the sealing structure and the ejector main body (2) are connected in an interference fit mode, and the inner wall surfaces of all the channels of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the ejector main body (2) are coated with high-temperature-resistant waterproof materials with the same thickness.
Furthermore, each ejector main body (2) is provided with high-pressure nozzles (1) with different ejection sizes; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the external shape and the size of each high-pressure nozzle (1) are consistent, the length and the inner diameter of the uniform inner diameter channel of each high-pressure nozzle are consistent with the cone angle of the cone channel, and only the inner diameter and the length of the injection hole channel are different.
Compared with the prior art, the hydrogen ejector that this embodiment provided at least following one's beneficial effect:
1. the ventilation speed, the gas temperature and the humidity at two positions of the air inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body (2) can be accurately regulated and controlled;
2. the high-pressure sprayer (1) with a proper size can be selected according to the power of the galvanic pile;
3. the heating ring (3) is arranged, so that the heating efficiency is high, the ice melting efficiency is high, the processing is simple, and the insulation effect is good;
4. the structure is firm, and is less influenced by external environment.
This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the disclosure, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the disclosure.
Drawings
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the disclosure will be apparent from the following more particular descriptions of exemplary embodiments of the disclosure as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a high pressure showerhead according to embodiment 1;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the composition of the hydrogen eductor of example 1;
fig. 3 shows a schematic control circuit diagram of the hydrogen eductor of embodiment 2.
Reference numerals are as follows:
1-high pressure nozzle; 2-an ejector main body; 3-a ring heater; 4-ring sealing end cover; 5-a controller.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The term "include" and variations thereof as used herein is meant to be inclusive in an open-ended manner, i.e., "including but not limited to". Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term "or" means "and/or". The term "based on" means "based at least in part on". The terms "one example embodiment" and "one embodiment" mean "at least one example embodiment". The term "another embodiment" means "at least one additional embodiment". The terms "first," "second," and the like may refer to different or the same object. Other explicit and implicit definitions are also possible below.
Example 1
One embodiment of the invention discloses an anti-icing hydrogen ejector, which is shown in fig. 1-2 and comprises a high-pressure spray head 1, an ejector main body 2 and a controller 5 (the controller 5 is omitted, and the controller can be understood by a person skilled in the art).
One end of a shell of the high-pressure spray head 1 is an air inlet, the other end of the shell is of a conical structure with an injection hole channel inside, and a plurality of annular heaters 3 are sealed in the shell, close to the air inlet, of the middle section of the shell.
One side of the shell of the ejector main body 2 is provided with a main gas path air inlet which is embedded into the conical structure and provides support for the high-pressure nozzle 1, a circulating gas path inlet which is connected with a hydrogen tail gas output end of the fuel cell, and the other side of the shell is provided with a diffusion air outlet which is connected with a hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell.
The controller 5 is used for detecting the ambient temperature before the ventilation of the hydrogen ejector and starting the annular heater 3 when the ambient temperature is lower than a threshold value; and respectively monitoring the gas temperatures of the gas inlet of the high-pressure spray head 1 and the circulating gas path inlet of the injector main body 2 in the ventilation process of the hydrogen injector, and regulating and controlling the heating temperature and the heating rate of each annular heater in real time according to the gas temperature difference of the two positions.
An output of the controller 5 is wired or wirelessly communicatively connected to an output of each of the ring heaters 3.
The high-pressure nozzle 1 with the selected injection size is connected with the injector body 2 in an interference fit manner. The high-pressure nozzle 1 is an important part of the hydrogen ejector. The high-pressure nozzles 1 with different injection sizes can be directly hung outside the injector main body 2, so that the high-pressure nozzles are convenient to store.
Compared with the prior art, the hydrogen ejector that this embodiment provided can freeze winter when the engine does not start for preventing the inside ponding of high pressure nozzle, enters the gas side at high pressure nozzle and has set up ring heater 3, and the ice-melt is efficient, and processing is simple, and is insulating effectual. Moreover, each ejector main body 2 can be provided with the high-pressure nozzles 1 with different ejection sizes, the problem of poor universality of the existing hydrogen ejector is solved, and when the power of the fuel cell is changed, only the high-pressure nozzles 1 need to be replaced, so that the workload and the working time are saved. For hydrogen ejectors with different powers, the high-pressure nozzles 1 with different calibers are replaced, so that the power of the galvanic pile can be quickly adjusted.
Example 2
The improvement is carried out on the basis of the embodiment 1, and a circular concave groove for placing and fixing the annular heater 3 is arranged on the outer side of the shell of the high-pressure spray head 1. And a detachable annular sealing end cover 4 is arranged at the inlet of the circular annular concave groove, as shown in figure 3. And the shells of the high-pressure nozzle 1 and the ejector main body 2 are both made of metal materials.
Preferably, the ring heater 3 comprises a PTC ceramic heating ring. The PTC ceramic heating ring is a special ceramic material, has the advantage of constant temperature heating, and can be a 5W heating ring.
Preferably, the controller 5 further comprises a data acquisition unit and a data processing and control unit which are connected in sequence.
And the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring the ambient temperature, the ventilation speed, the gas temperature and the gas humidity at the air inlet of the high-pressure nozzle 1 and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body 2 and sending the ventilation speed, the gas temperature and the gas humidity to the data processing and control unit.
The data processing and control unit is used for detecting the ambient temperature before the ventilation of the hydrogen ejector and starting all the ring heaters 3 when the ambient temperature is lower than a threshold value; and respectively monitoring the ventilation speed, the gas temperature and the gas humidity of two positions of the air inlet of the high-pressure nozzle 1 and the circulating gas path inlet of the injector body 2 in the ventilation process of the hydrogen injector, regulating and controlling the ventilation speed of the air inlet of the high-pressure nozzle 1 in real time according to the ventilation speed difference of the two positions, regulating and controlling the heating temperature and the heating rate of each annular heater 3 in real time according to the gas temperature difference of the two positions, and regulating and controlling the gas humidity of the circulating gas path inlet in real time according to the gas humidity difference of the two positions.
Preferably, the data acquisition unit further comprises an ambient temperature sensor, a gas flow sensor, a gas temperature sensor and a gas humidity sensor.
And the environment temperature sensor is arranged outside the shell of the ejector main body 2 and used for monitoring the environment temperature of the hydrogen ejector.
And the gas flow sensors are respectively arranged at the gas inlet of the high-pressure nozzle 1 and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body 2 and are used for respectively monitoring the ventilation speeds of the gas inlet of the high-pressure nozzle 1 and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body 2.
And the gas temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the gas inlet of the high-pressure spray nozzle 1 and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body 2 and are used for respectively monitoring the gas temperatures at the two positions of the gas inlet of the high-pressure spray nozzle 1 and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body 2.
And the gas humidity sensor is respectively arranged at the gas inlet of the high-pressure nozzle 1 and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body 2 and is used for respectively monitoring the gas humidity at two positions of the gas inlet of the high-pressure nozzle 1 and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body 2.
Preferably, the data processing and control unit executes the following program:
s1, detecting the ambient temperature before the ventilation of the hydrogen ejector, and when the ambient temperature is lower than a threshold value, starting all the annular heaters 3 to heat for a set time, and then ventilating the hydrogen ejector;
s2, respectively detecting the ventilation speeds of the air inlet of the high-pressure nozzle 1 and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body 2 in the ventilation process of the hydrogen ejector;
s3, acquiring the ventilation speed difference of the two positions, inputting the ventilation speed difference of the two positions, the ventilation speeds of the air inlet of the high-pressure nozzle 1 and the circulating air path inlet of the ejector main body 2 and the ventilation speed of preset output gas of the hydrogen ejector into a first deep learning network trained in advance, acquiring the optimal ventilation speed of the air inlet of the high-pressure nozzle 1, and regulating and controlling the ventilation speed of the air inlet of the high-pressure nozzle 1 in real time according to the optimal ventilation speed; the training data of the first deep learning network can be obtained according to test data, the input data of the training data are the difference of the ventilation speeds at two positions, the ventilation speeds at two positions of the air inlet of the high-pressure nozzle 1 and the circulating air path inlet of the ejector main body 2 and the ventilation speed of preset output gas of the hydrogen ejector, and the output data of the training data are the ventilation speed of the air inlet of the high-pressure nozzle 1, which corresponds to the set value, of the diffusion air outlet with the highest ventilation speed;
s4, after the regulation and control of the ventilation speed are finished, respectively detecting the gas temperatures of the gas inlet of the high-pressure nozzle 1 and the gas temperature of the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body 2;
s5, obtaining the gas temperature difference of the two positions, inputting the gas temperature difference of the two positions and the preset output gas temperature into a second deep learning network trained in advance, obtaining the optimal heating temperature and the optimal heating rate of each annular heater, enabling the heating time to be shortest, and regulating and controlling the corresponding annular heaters in real time according to the optimal heating temperature and the optimal heating rate; the training data of the deep learning network II can be obtained according to the test data, the input data of the training data are the gas temperature difference and the preset output gas temperature at two positions, and the output data of the training data are the set temperature of the annular heater corresponding to the condition that the gas temperature of the diffusion gas outlet reaches the set value at the fastest speed;
s6, after the regulation and control of the gas temperature are finished, gas humidity at two positions of the gas inlet of the high-pressure nozzle 1 and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body 2 are respectively detected;
and S7, acquiring the gas humidity difference between the two positions, inputting the gas humidity difference between the two positions and the preset output gas humidity into a third deep learning network trained in advance, acquiring the optimal gas humidity of the inlet of the circulating gas circuit, and regulating and controlling the gas humidity of the inlet of the circulating gas circuit in real time according to the gas humidity. The training data of the deep learning network III can be obtained according to the test data, the input data of the training data are the gas humidity difference at two positions and the preset output gas humidity, and the output data of the training data are the gas humidity of the inlet of the circulating gas path corresponding to the condition that the gas humidity of the diffusion gas outlet reaches the set value most quickly; if the humidity is too wet, the gas in the place can be dehumidified, and if the humidity is too dry, the gas can be humidified.
Through the steps S1-S7, the regulation and control of the gas humidity, the temperature, the ventilation speed and the like of the hydrogen ejector can be quickly completed.
Preferably, the interior of the shell of the high-pressure nozzle 1 comprises a uniform inner diameter channel, a cone channel with a set cone angle and an injection hole channel with a uniform inner diameter, which are sequentially communicated and smoothly transited. In addition, the shell of the ejector main body 2 comprises a mixing chamber and a diffusion chamber which are communicated in sequence and are in smooth transition; the mixing chamber has a main circuit gas path inlet and a circulating gas path inlet. The mixing chamber is used for mixing the main path hydrogen gas and the circulating gas. The pressure expansion chamber is used for expanding the mixed gas.
Preferably, the hydrogen injector also comprises a sealing structure arranged between the connecting part of the high-pressure nozzle 1 and the injector main body 2. The seal structure includes a plurality of individual seal rings; and each sealing ring is connected with the high-pressure nozzle 1 and the ejector main body 2 in an interference fit manner respectively.
Preferably, the shell of the high-pressure nozzle 1 is further provided with a limit bump for limiting the extending position of the conical structure; wherein, the centers of all limit salient points are positioned in the same plane.
Preferably, the uniform inner diameter passage, the cone passage and the injection hole passage of the high-pressure nozzle 1 are all in the same straight line with the central axes of the mixing chamber and the diffusion chamber of the injector body 2. And the high-pressure nozzle 1, the sealing structure and the ejector main body 2 are connected in an interference fit manner, and the inner wall surfaces of all the channels of the high-pressure nozzle 1 and the ejector main body 2 are coated with high-temperature-resistant waterproof materials with the same thickness.
Preferably, each ejector body 2 is provided with high-pressure nozzles 1 of different ejector sizes. Moreover, the external shape and size of each high-pressure nozzle 1 are consistent, the length and inner diameter of the uniform inner diameter channel are consistent with the cone angle of the cone channel, and only the inner diameter and length of the injection hole channel are different.
Compared with the prior art, the hydrogen ejector that this embodiment provided has following beneficial effect:
1. the ventilation speed, the gas temperature and the humidity at two positions of the air inlet of the high-pressure nozzle 1 and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body 2 can be accurately regulated and controlled;
2. the high-pressure sprayer 1 with a proper size can be selected according to the power of the galvanic pile;
3. the heating ring 3 is arranged, so that the heating efficiency is high, the ice melting efficiency is high, the processing is simple, and the insulation effect is good;
4. the structure is firm, and is less influenced by external environment.
Having described embodiments of the present disclosure, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the prior art, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. An anti-icing hydrogen ejector is characterized by comprising a high-pressure nozzle (1), an ejector main body (2) and a controller (5); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
one end of a shell of the high-pressure spray head (1) is provided with an air inlet, the other end of the shell is of a conical structure with an injection hole channel inside, and a plurality of annular heaters (3) are sealed in the shell of the middle section close to the air inlet;
one side of the shell of the ejector main body (2) is provided with a main gas path air inlet which is embedded into the conical structure and provides support for the high-pressure nozzle (1), a circulating gas path inlet which is connected with a hydrogen tail gas output end of the fuel cell, and the other side of the shell is provided with a diffusion air outlet which is connected with the hydrogen inlet of the fuel cell;
the controller (5) is used for detecting the ambient temperature before the ventilation of the hydrogen ejector and starting the ring heater (3) when the ambient temperature is lower than a threshold value; and respectively monitoring the gas temperatures of the gas inlet of the high-pressure spray head (1) and the circulating gas path inlet of the injector main body (2) in the ventilation process of the hydrogen injector, and regulating and controlling the heating temperature and the heating rate of each annular heater in real time according to the gas temperature difference of the two positions; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the controller (5) executes the following program:
detecting the ambient temperature before the ventilation of the hydrogen ejector, and when the ambient temperature is lower than a threshold value, starting all the annular heaters (3) to heat for a set time, and then ventilating the hydrogen ejector;
respectively detecting the ventilation speeds of an air inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and a circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body (2) in the ventilation process of the hydrogen ejector;
acquiring the ventilation speed difference of the two positions, inputting the ventilation speed difference of the two positions, the ventilation speeds of the air inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the circulating air path inlet of the ejector main body (2) and the ventilation speed of preset output gas of the hydrogen ejector into a pre-trained deep learning network I to acquire the optimal ventilation speed of the air inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1), and regulating and controlling the ventilation speed of the air inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) in real time according to the optimal ventilation speed;
after the regulation and control of the ventilation speed are finished, the gas temperatures of the gas inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the gas temperature of the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body (2) are respectively detected;
acquiring the gas temperature difference between the two positions, inputting the gas temperature difference and the preset output gas temperature between the two positions into a second deep learning network trained in advance, acquiring the optimal heating temperature and the optimal heating rate of each annular heater, so that the heating time is shortest, and regulating and controlling the corresponding annular heaters in real time according to the optimal heating temperature and the optimal heating rate;
after the regulation and control of the gas temperature are finished, the gas humidity at two positions of the gas inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body (2) is respectively detected;
and acquiring the gas humidity difference between the two positions, inputting the gas humidity difference and the preset output gas humidity between the two positions into a third deep learning network trained in advance, acquiring the optimal gas humidity of the circulating gas path inlet, and regulating and controlling the gas humidity of the circulating gas path inlet in real time according to the gas humidity.
2. The anti-icing hydrogen injector according to claim 1, wherein a circular concave groove for placing and fixing the annular heater (3) is formed on the outer side of the shell of the high-pressure nozzle (1); a detachable annular sealing end cover (4) is arranged at the inlet of the circular concave groove; and also,
the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the ejector main body (2) are made of metal materials.
3. Anti-icing hydrogen injector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the controller (5) further comprises, connected in series:
the data acquisition unit is used for acquiring the ambient temperature, the ventilation speed, the gas temperature and the gas humidity at two positions of the air inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body (2), and sending the acquired data to the data processing and control unit;
the data processing and control unit is used for detecting the ambient temperature before the ventilation of the hydrogen ejector and starting all the ring heaters (3) when the ambient temperature is lower than a threshold value; and respectively monitoring the ventilation speed, the gas temperature and the gas humidity of two positions of an air inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and a circulating gas path inlet of the injector main body (2) in the ventilation process of the hydrogen injector, regulating and controlling the ventilation speed of the air inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) in real time according to the ventilation speed difference of the two positions, regulating and controlling the heating temperature and the heating rate of each ring heater (3) in real time according to the gas temperature difference of the two positions, and regulating and controlling the gas humidity of the circulating gas path inlet in real time according to the gas humidity difference of the two positions.
4. The anti-icing hydrogen injector as claimed in claim 3, wherein said data acquisition unit further comprises:
the environment temperature sensor is arranged outside the shell of the ejector main body (2) and used for monitoring the environment temperature of the hydrogen ejector;
the gas flow sensors are respectively arranged at the gas inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body (2) and are used for respectively monitoring the ventilation speeds of the gas inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body (2);
the gas temperature sensors are respectively arranged at the gas inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body (2) and are used for respectively monitoring the gas temperature at two positions of the gas inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body (2);
and the gas humidity sensor is respectively arranged at the gas inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body (2) and is used for respectively monitoring the gas humidity at two positions of the gas inlet of the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the circulating gas path inlet of the ejector main body (2).
5. The anti-icing hydrogen injector according to any one of the claims 1, 2 and 4, wherein the interior of the shell of the high-pressure nozzle (1) comprises a uniform inner diameter passage, a cone passage with a set cone angle and an injection hole passage with a uniform inner diameter which are communicated with each other in sequence and are in smooth transition; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the shell of the ejector main body (2) comprises a mixing chamber and a diffusion chamber which are communicated in sequence and are in smooth transition; the mixing chamber has a main circuit gas path inlet and a circulating gas path inlet.
6. The anti-icing hydrogen injector as claimed in claim 5, further comprising a sealing structure provided between the connecting portion of the high pressure nozzle (1) and the injector body (2);
the seal structure comprises a plurality of individual seal rings; and each sealing ring is connected with the high-pressure nozzle (1) and the ejector main body (2) in an interference fit manner.
7. The anti-icing hydrogen injector as claimed in any one of claims 1, 2, 4 and 6, wherein a limiting convex point for limiting the extending position of the conical structure is further arranged on the housing of the high-pressure nozzle (1); wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the centers of all the limiting salient points are positioned in the same plane.
8. The anti-icing hydrogen injector according to claim 6, wherein the uniform inner diameter passage, the cone passage and the injection hole passage of the high-pressure nozzle (1) are positioned on the same straight line with the central axes of the mixing chamber and the diffusion chamber of the injector body (2); and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the high-pressure sprayer is characterized in that the high-pressure sprayer (1), the sealing structure and the ejector main body (2) are connected in an interference fit mode, and the inner wall surfaces of all the channels of the high-pressure sprayer (1) and the ejector main body (2) are coated with high-temperature-resistant waterproof materials with the same thickness.
9. Anti-icing hydrogen injector according to claim 6 or 8, characterized in that each injector body (2) is equipped with high-pressure nozzles (1) of different injector sizes; and also,
the external shape and the size of each high-pressure nozzle (1) are consistent, the length and the inner diameter of the uniform inner diameter channel of each high-pressure nozzle are consistent with the cone angle of the cone channel, and only the inner diameter and the length of the injection hole channel are different.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210394498.9A CN114497635B (en) | 2022-04-15 | 2022-04-15 | Anti-icing hydrogen ejector |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210394498.9A CN114497635B (en) | 2022-04-15 | 2022-04-15 | Anti-icing hydrogen ejector |
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| CN114497635A CN114497635A (en) | 2022-05-13 |
| CN114497635B true CN114497635B (en) | 2022-06-17 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP4140386B2 (en) * | 2003-01-15 | 2008-08-27 | 株式会社デンソー | Ejector device and fuel cell system using the same |
| JP2010159834A (en) * | 2009-01-08 | 2010-07-22 | Aisan Ind Co Ltd | Ejector and fuel cell system |
| DE102011114797A1 (en) * | 2011-10-01 | 2013-04-04 | Daimler Ag | Method for operating fuel cell system utilized in passenger car to generate electrical driving power, involves recirculating unreacted fuel into fuel, and heating nozzle of fuel jet pump only when fuel is not made to flow through jet pump |
| US9595725B2 (en) * | 2013-05-03 | 2017-03-14 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Heated ejector assembly for a fuel cell |
| CN113823814A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2021-12-21 | 北京亿华通科技股份有限公司 | Ejector integrated with temperature control function and hydrogen side system architecture of fuel cell |
| CN215834559U (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2022-02-15 | 南京氢创能源科技有限公司 | Ejector and fuel cell system |
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