CN114497457A - Battery core pole piece and battery based on laser drilling - Google Patents
Battery core pole piece and battery based on laser drilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN114497457A CN114497457A CN202111510806.1A CN202111510806A CN114497457A CN 114497457 A CN114497457 A CN 114497457A CN 202111510806 A CN202111510806 A CN 202111510806A CN 114497457 A CN114497457 A CN 114497457A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/38—Removing material by boring or cutting
- B23K26/382—Removing material by boring or cutting by boring
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/04—Processes of manufacture in general
- H01M4/0471—Processes of manufacture in general involving thermal treatment, e.g. firing, sintering, backing particulate active material, thermal decomposition, pyrolysis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/36—Electric or electronic devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/028—Positive electrodes
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a laser-punching-based battery core pole piece for improving the battery core performance of a lithium ion battery, which comprises a positive current collector and two positive active materials respectively attached to two sides of the positive current collector, wherein the positive active materials are provided with a plurality of concave holes through a laser punching process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a battery core pole piece based on laser drilling and a battery.
Background
Lithium ion batteries have recently gained large-scale application in the fields of consumer digital products, electric vehicles, energy storage, and the like because of the advantages of high energy density, no memory effect, small environmental pollution, and the like. However, in the cycle process of the lithium ion battery, the pole piece expands due to different states of lithium removal and lithium insertion, accumulation of by-products and generation of irreversible pores, and particularly the expansion of the negative electrode can reach 20%. The pole piece inflation can produce very big internal stress, can reach 10kN rank, if the internal stress can not obtain effective, even release, then can concentrate in some regions, cause this regional electrolyte content to reduce, electrochemical reaction's polarization increases, along with the circulation of electric core, interface deterioration phenomena such as purpura, lithium precipitation can appear in this region, and electric core structure can distort even, further accelerates the deterioration of electric core performance to bring the safety risk. In winding the electric core, the stress concentration in the corner area, therefore the above-mentioned problem is more likely to occur, therefore in the aspect of pole piece processing, usually through having the Pattern roller with pit and arch, use pressure of about 0.2Mpa, stamp the surface of positive pole piece before winding, produce the dent of micron order, after electric core winding is accomplished, make the positive pole and diaphragm leave the space between them, thus reserve the space for negative pole piece inflation, some techniques also can directly use the Pattern roller to stamp the negative pole, but the Pattern roller technology is similar to the cold pressing process, have the following problems:
1) poor adjustability: the pattern roller process cannot adjust the size, depth and spacing of pits manufactured on the surface of the positive electrode, and cannot adjust the parameters according to different stresses of different positions of the pole piece, so that the space for manufacturing the positive electrode at a winding corner is possibly insufficient, and the performance of the battery cell is deteriorated in the circulating process;
2) the effect is poor: because the pole piece has certain elasticity, the pit made by the pattern roller has the possibility of recovery after hot pressing, and in the cell circulation process, the thickness of the pole piece can be changed continuously in the processes of lithium removal and lithium insertion, and the pit can also be recovered to be smooth;
3) the transformation of the equipment is difficult: pole pieces with different widths need to use pattern rollers with different widths, machine re-adjustment is needed during each replacement, and operation is complex;
4) the process and tolerance are as follows: the stress of the lamination process edge and the stress of the middle position are different to a certain extent, but the existing pattern roller process cannot be compatible with the lamination process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a cell pole piece and a battery based on laser drilling.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a battery core pole piece based on laser beam drilling for improve lithium ion battery's electric core performance, this pole piece includes anodal mass flow body (101) and two positive active material (102) attached respectively in anodal mass flow body (101) both sides, positive active material (102) on be equipped with a plurality of shrinkage pools (202) through the laser beam drilling technology.
The laser drilling process comprises a laser drilling proportion, a laser drilling shape, a laser drilling distribution shape and a laser drilling area (303).
The expression of the laser drilling proportion is as follows:
wherein R is a laser drilling proportion, V is the volume of a single concave hole (202), D is the number of concave holes (202) per unit area, Pd is the coating compaction density of the positive electrode active material (102) before laser drilling, and Cw is the single-side coating weight of the positive electrode active material (102).
The value range of the laser drilling proportion is 0.1-10%, and the ratio range of the corner area when the battery cell pole piece is wound to the battery cell length is 3-6%.
The laser drilling shape comprises a cube, a cuboid, a trapezoidal table, a pyramid, a spherical crown shape, a cylinder, a cone, a linear groove and a broken line groove.
The diameter L of each concave hole (202)1The range is 1um to 2000um, and the depth H of the concave hole (202)1The range is 1 um-20 um, and the distance range between the concave holes (202) is 20 un-2000 um.
The laser drilling distribution shape comprises square distribution, hexagonal distribution, linear distribution and fold line distribution.
The laser drilling area (303) is positioned at the position of pole piece stress concentration.
The laser drilling area (303) is specifically as follows:
for the battery core with a winding structure, a laser punching area (303) is positioned at the corner position during winding;
for the battery core with the laminated structure, the laser punching area (303) is positioned at the position of 1-3 mm of the edge of the pole piece.
The utility model provides an use battery of electric core pole piece, this battery includes negative pole piece, positive pole piece (301) and utmost point ear (302), positive pole piece on be equipped with laser boring area (303), when the electric core of battery is winding structure, laser boring area (303) be located the turning position when coiling, when the electric core of battery is lamination structure, laser boring area (303) be located the pole piece edge.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the stress distribution of the battery cell pole piece, pits with different sizes and densities are manufactured at different positions on the surface of the positive electrode by utilizing a laser drilling process, so that a space is reserved for the expansion of the pole piece in the battery cell circulation process, the battery cell circulation interface is improved, and the battery cell circulation performance and reliability are improved;
2. the pits manufactured by the laser drilling process are pits manufactured by reducing the positive active material, so that the structure cannot be changed in the subsequent process and the battery cell circulating process, and the stability of the reserved space can be kept;
3. the device can flexibly transform, and can process pole pieces with various widths by adjusting the moving range of the laser head;
4. when the battery core with the laminated structure is prepared, holes can be punched in stress concentration areas such as the edge of the laminated battery core, and the cycle performance and the safety and reliability of the battery core with the laminated structure are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of a laser-drilled pole piece in the shape of a cube, cuboid, and cylinder.
FIG. 2 is a side view of a pyramidal and conical laser-drilled pole piece.
FIG. 3 is a side view of a laser-drilled pole piece in the shape of a trapezoidal mesa.
FIG. 4 is a side view of a spherical cap shaped laser drilled pole piece.
FIG. 5 is a square aperture distribution plot.
FIG. 6 is a hexagonal hole pattern.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a distribution of parallel rectangular holes.
FIG. 8 is a view showing a parallel arrangement of polygonal line-shaped holes.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a laser drilling position of a cell pole piece in a winding structure.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of laser drilling positions of the laminated cell pole pieces.
Wherein: 101. the positive electrode comprises a positive electrode current collector 102, a positive electrode active material 201, a pole piece surface 202, a concave hole 301, a positive electrode pole piece 302, a pole lug 303 and a laser punching area.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
Examples
The invention provides a positive pole piece with concave holes 202 on the surface of a positive pole by adopting a laser drilling process and a lithium ion battery applying the positive pole piece,
the positive pole piece adopts laser to punch on the surface of the positive pole based on the laser punching proportion, and the expression of the laser punching proportion is as follows:
where R is a laser drilling ratio, V is a volume of a single concave hole 202, D is a number of concave holes 202 per unit area, Pd is a density of the positive electrode active material 102 before laser drilling, and Cw is a single-side coating weight of the positive electrode active material 102.
If the value of the laser drilling ratio R is too small, the quantity of the positive active materials 102 eliminated by laser drilling is too small, the expansion space reserved for the negative electrode is insufficient, the cycle performance of the battery cell cannot be improved, and even lithium precipitation can occur in the corner area during the first cycle; if the value of the laser drilling ratio R is too large, the positive active material 102 eliminated by laser drilling is too much, which may cause the decrease of the capacity of the battery cell, and it is verified by experiments that the range of the laser drilling ratio R is 0.1% -10%, preferably 1% -5%, the range of the corner region occupying the length of the battery cell during winding is 3% -6%, and the range of the positive active material 102 eliminated by laser drilling is 0.1% -0.25%, which may cause the decrease of the capacity of the battery cell by 0.1% -0.25%, but because the interface of the corner region is improved, the single-side coating weight of the positive active material 102 and the coating compacted density are correspondingly improved by the same ratio, and finally, there is no influence on the capacity and energy density of the battery cell.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, 7 and 8, the laser-drilled shape includes a cube, a cuboid, a trapezoidal table, a pyramid, a spherical cap, a cylinder, a cone, a linear groove and a polygonal groove, and the diameter L of the single concave hole 2021Is in the range of 1um to 2000um, the depth H of a single recess 2021The range of the distance between the concave holes 202 is 1um to 20um, the range of the distance between the concave holes 202 is 20un to 2000um,
as shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the laser-drilled distribution shapes include a square distribution, a hexagonal distribution and a stripe distribution.
The laser punching position is mainly located at the position where the stress of the pole piece is concentrated, for the battery cell of the winding structure, the laser punching area is located at the corner position during winding, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, for the battery cell of the winding structure, the laser punching area 303 is located at the corner position during winding, and for the battery cell of the lamination structure, the laser punching area 303 is located at the position of 1mm to 3mm of the edge of the pole piece.
This process setting of laser beam drilling is after colding pressing, before the coiling, preferably upgrades on laser cutting equipment, increases the laser beam drilling function, can not increase extra place and occupy, and is little to production efficiency and productivity influence.
The performance tests of the test example and the comparative example are carried out, the batteries for the performance tests are respectively Model 33220 prepared by adopting the positive pole piece with the serial number of 1-13 in the table 1, the square-shell battery cell with the capacity of 115Ah, namely the batteries with the serial numbers of 1-13, the batteries with the serial number of 13 are the comparative example, the other examples are the test examples, the capacity retention rate after 800 cycles of charging and discharging at 60 ℃ and 1C/1C is tested, the battery cell is disassembled, and the negative pole interface is observed, so that the test method can improve the cycle performance of the battery cell, improve the EOL interface of the battery cell and improve the reliability of the battery cell, and is shown in the battery cell cycle performance table of the table 2:
table 1 positive pole piece table of different laser drilling processes
Numbering | Shape of the hole | Diameter of hole | Depth of hole | Proportion of perforation |
Pole piece 1 | Cylinder body | 20um | 10um | 3% |
Pole piece 2 | Cylinder body | 50um | 10um | 3% |
Pole piece 3 | Cylinder body | 20um | 20um | 3% |
Pole piece 4 | Cylinder body | 20um | 20um | 1.5% |
Pole piece 5 | Cube | 20um | 20um | 3% |
Pole piece 6 | Rectangular parallelepiped | 20um | 10um | 3% |
Pole piece 7 | Trapezoidal table | 20um | 10um | 3% |
Pole piece 8 | Pyramid | 20um | 10um | 3% |
Pole piece 9 | Cone with conical surface | 20um | 10um | 3% |
Pole piece 10 | Spherical crown property | 20um | 10um | 3% |
Pole piece 10 | Linear groove | 20um | 10um | 3% |
Pole piece 12 | Broken line type groove | 20um | 10um | 3% |
Pole piece 13 (comparison) | - | - | - | - |
Table 2 performance test meter for electric core
While the invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments, the invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can easily conceive of various equivalent modifications or substitutions within the technical scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a battery core pole piece based on laser beam drilling for improve lithium ion battery's electric core performance, its characterized in that, this pole piece includes anodal mass flow body (101) and two attached anodal active material (102) in anodal mass flow body (101) both sides respectively, anodal active material (102) on be equipped with a plurality of shrinkage pools (202) through the laser beam drilling technology.
2. The cell pole piece based on laser drilling of claim 1, wherein the laser drilling process comprises a laser drilling ratio, a laser drilling shape, a laser drilling distribution shape, and a laser drilling area (303).
3. The laser-drilling-based cell pole piece of claim 2, wherein the laser drilling ratio is expressed as:
wherein R is a laser drilling proportion, V is the volume of a single concave hole (202), D is the number of concave holes (202) per unit area, Pd is the coating compaction density of the positive electrode active material (102) before laser drilling, and Cw is the single-side coating weight of the positive electrode active material (102).
4. The laser-based cell pole piece of claim 2, wherein the laser-based drilling ratio ranges from 0.1% to 10%, and the ratio of the corner area of the cell pole piece when wound to the cell length ranges from 3% to 6%.
5. The laser-based cell pole piece of claim 2, wherein the laser-drilled shape comprises a cube, a cuboid, a trapezoidal table, a pyramid, a spherical cap, a cylinder, a cone, a linear groove, and a polygonal groove.
6. The cell pole piece based on laser drilling of claim 1, wherein each concave hole (202) has a diameter L1The range is 1um to 2000um, and the depth H of the concave hole (202)1The range is 1 um-20 um, and the distance range between the concave holes (202) is 20 un-2000 um.
7. The cell pole piece based on laser drilling of claim 1, wherein the distribution shape of the laser drilling includes square distribution, hexagonal distribution, linear distribution and polygonal distribution.
8. The cell pole piece based on laser drilling of claim 1, wherein the laser drilling region (303) is located at a position where stress concentration occurs on the pole piece.
9. The laser-drilling-based cell pole piece according to claim 8, wherein the laser-drilling region (303) is specifically:
for the battery core with a winding structure, a laser punching area (303) is positioned at the corner position during winding;
for the battery core with the laminated structure, the laser punching area (303) is positioned at the position of 1-3 mm of the edge of the pole piece.
10. A battery using the cell pole piece of any one of claims 1 to 9, the battery comprising a negative pole piece, a positive pole piece (301) and a tab (302), the positive pole piece being provided with a laser perforation region (303), the laser perforation region (303) being located at a corner position when the cell of the battery is in a winding structure, and the laser perforation region (303) being located at an edge of the pole piece when the cell of the battery is in a lamination structure.
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114784228A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-07-22 | 宁德新能源科技有限公司 | Secondary battery and electronic device |
CN116682935A (en) * | 2023-08-04 | 2023-09-01 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery monomer, battery and power consumption device |
WO2023240803A1 (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2023-12-21 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Positive electrode sheet, electrode assembly, battery cell, battery, and electrical device |
WO2024087196A1 (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2024-05-02 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Positive electrode sheet, electrode assembly, secondary battery, and electric apparatus |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2023240803A1 (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2023-12-21 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Positive electrode sheet, electrode assembly, battery cell, battery, and electrical device |
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