CN114497386A - Method for regulating and controlling morphology of photoactive layer and solar cell applying same - Google Patents

Method for regulating and controlling morphology of photoactive layer and solar cell applying same Download PDF

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CN114497386A
CN114497386A CN202210061435.1A CN202210061435A CN114497386A CN 114497386 A CN114497386 A CN 114497386A CN 202210061435 A CN202210061435 A CN 202210061435A CN 114497386 A CN114497386 A CN 114497386A
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layer
solar cell
solution
interface layer
active layer
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CN114497386B (en
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宋欣
高申正
徐浩
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Changzhou University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
    • H10K71/12—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
    • H10K30/30—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising bulk heterojunctions, e.g. interpenetrating networks of donor and acceptor material domains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
    • H10K71/12—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating
    • H10K71/15—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating characterised by the solvent used
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10K85/10—Organic polymers or oligomers
    • H10K85/111—Organic polymers or oligomers comprising aromatic, heteroaromatic, or aryl chains, e.g. polyaniline, polyphenylene or polyphenylene vinylene
    • H10K85/113—Heteroaromatic compounds comprising sulfur or selene, e.g. polythiophene
    • H10K85/1135—Polyethylene dioxythiophene [PEDOT]; Derivatives thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for regulating and controlling the morphology of a light active layer, which comprises the following steps: s1, preparing a process aid solution; s2, adding electron donor powder and electron acceptor powder into a process aid solution to form an active layer solution; s3, spin-coating the active layer solution on the anode interface layer to form a film, and then carrying out annealing treatment for 10min to obtain an active layer; the process aid in step S1 is 1, 3-2-bromo-5-chlorobenzene (DBCl). The process auxiliary agent used in the invention has the advantages of low price, easy shape regulation and control, realization of performance improvement of the solar cell, economy and high efficiency.

Description

Method for regulating and controlling morphology of photoactive layer and solar cell applying same
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of solar cells, in particular to a method for regulating and controlling the morphology of a photoactive layer and a solar cell applying the method.
Background
Due to the continuous consumption of fossil fuels and the increasingly prominent environmental issues, the search for new energy technologies is becoming an increasingly important topic. Among many new energy technologies, solar cells (photovoltaics) are the focus of research due to their advantages of sustainable use, cleanliness, etc. The organic solar cell can be prepared by a solution method large-area technology, has the advantages of good flexibility, light weight, translucency, low cost and the like, and has wide application prospect in the fields of building glass, aerospace, wearable electronics and the like. Through the optimization of the molecular structure of the organic conjugated molecule, the regulation of the morphology of the photoactive layer, the modification of the electrode interface and the like, the efficiency of the solar cell is greatly improved, and the efficiency of the existing unijunction organic solar cell exceeds 19 percent. However, compared with the currently mature silicon-based solar cell and the newly developed perovskite solar cell, the organic solar cell has low efficiency, and further improvement of the photoelectric conversion efficiency is required, thereby accelerating the industrialization process.
Generally, the efficiency of the solar cell is determined by three parameters, namely short-circuit current, filling factor and open-circuit voltage. The interpenetrating network structure of the active layer determines the short circuit current and fill factor parameters. Therefore, the selection of the active layer material and the optimization process fundamentally determine the device efficiency. Currently, the adjustment of molecular structure, the addition of a third component or an additive in the donor-acceptor blend is the most important way to optimize the morphology of the active layer. However, the regulation of molecular structure increases the cost of synthesis and material purification; the introduction of a third component, while improving efficiency, the choice of which third component is currently under debate. In addition, the introduction of high boiling point additives can result in a significant reduction in device stability. Therefore, the method greatly limits the large-scale popularization and application of the organic solar cell.
Therefore, a simple and easy-to-operate morphology optimization means is needed to make up for the defects in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of the embodiments of the application and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments, and in this section as well as in the abstract and the application title of the application may be simplified or omitted to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract and the application title, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the application.
The present application has been made in view of the above and/or other problems occurring in the prior art.
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the application is: the optimization method of the active layer is simplified.
In order to solve the technical problem, the application provides the following technical scheme: a method for regulating and controlling the appearance of a light-active layer comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a process aid solution;
s2, adding electron donor powder and electron acceptor powder into a process aid solution to form an active layer solution;
s3, spin-coating the active layer solution on the anode interface layer to form a film, and then carrying out annealing treatment for 10min to obtain an active layer;
the process aid solution in the step S1 is 1, 3-2 bromo-5-chlorobenzene (DBCl) solution, and the molecular structural formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0003478517360000021
as a preferred embodiment of the method for adjusting the morphology of the photoactive layer described in the present application, wherein: the concentration of DBCl in the process aid solution is 10-30 mg/ml.
As a preferred embodiment of the method for adjusting the morphology of the photoactive layer described in the present application, wherein: the temperature of the annealing treatment in the step S3 is 75-120 DEG C
As a preferred embodiment of the method for adjusting the morphology of the photoactive layer described in the present application, wherein: the electron donor is PM6, the electron acceptor is one of the following non-fullerene small molecule acceptors and has a dithienothiophene [3.2-b ] pyrrolothiadiazole (BTP) core:
Figure BDA0003478517360000022
a front-loading polymer solar cell comprises an anode conducting layer, an anode interface layer, an active layer, an electron transport layer, an anode and interface layers, a cathode interface layer and a metal electrode, wherein the active layer is prepared by the method.
As a preferred embodiment of a front-loading polymer solar cell described herein, wherein: the thickness of the anode interface layer is 20-30 nm; and the anode interface layer is made of PEDOT PSS.
As a preferred embodiment of a front-loading polymer solar cell described herein, wherein: the thickness of the cathode interface layer is 5-20nm, and the material of the cathode interface layer is PDINN.
As a preferred embodiment of a front-loading polymer solar cell described herein, wherein: the metal electrode is Ag, and the thickness of the metal electrode is 100 nm.
A preparation method of a positive polymer solar cell comprises the following steps:
step 1, spin-coating dispersion liquid of an anode interface layer material on the surface of an anode ITO substrate to form an anode interface layer;
step 2, spin-coating an active layer solution consisting of DBCl, an electron donor and an electron acceptor on the surface of the anode interface layer far away from the anode ITO substrate to form a photoactive layer;
step 3, spin-coating a dispersion liquid of a cathode interface layer material on the surface of the photoactive layer far away from the anode interface layer to form a cathode interface layer;
and 4, evaporating Ag on the surface of the cathode interface layer, which is far away from the photoactive layer, under a vacuum condition to form a metal electrode.
As a preferable embodiment of the method for manufacturing a front-loading polymer solar cell described herein, wherein: in the step 1, the anode ITO substrate is pretreated, and the pretreatment comprises the following steps: cleaning, drying and UVO treatment.
The beneficial effect of this application: the process auxiliary agent used in the invention has the advantages of low price, easy shape control, realization of performance improvement of the solar cell, economy, high efficiency and stable performance.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a characteristic curve of current density and voltage of a solar cell prepared based on doping of an electron donor PM6, an electron acceptor Y6 and a process aid DBCl in the examples of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a characteristic curve of current density and voltage of a solar cell prepared based on doping of an electron donor PM6, an electron acceptor BTP-eC9 and a process aid DBCl in the example of the application;
FIG. 3 is a characteristic curve of current density and voltage of a solar cell prepared based on doping of an electron donor PM6, an electron acceptor L8-BO and a process aid DBCl in the examples of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the photovoltaic efficiency of a solar cell with 300nm film thickness over different years, where the dots are the best photovoltaic efficiency of the solar cell disclosed in the literature over different years and the five-pointed star is the photovoltaic efficiency of the solar cell provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of photovoltaic efficiency of DBCl-doped and undoped solar cells after different periods of time
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application may be practiced in other ways than those described herein, and it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Next, the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, and in the detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, the cross-sectional views illustrating the structure of the device are not enlarged partially according to the general scale for convenience of illustration, and the drawings are only examples, which should not limit the scope of the protection of the present application. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.
Further, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one implementation of the present application. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
Example 1
The embodiment of the application provides a positive polymer solar cell, which is prepared by the following steps:
A1sequentially performing ultrasonic treatment on the glass substrate attached with the ITO conductive layer for 15min by using liquid detergent, deionized water, acetone and isopropanol respectively, drying in an oven at 80 ℃, and performing ozone plasma surface treatment for 15 min;
A1-2. mixing PEDOT: the PSS solution is spin-coated on the surface of the processed ITO conductive layer, wherein the spin-coating speed is 4800rpm, the spin-coating time is 30s, then the anode interface layer is formed after annealing treatment is carried out for 30min at 150 ℃, and the thickness of the anode interface layer is 20-30 nm;
A1-3. dissolving DBCl in chloroform to prepare a DBCl solution with a concentration of 10 mg/ml;
A1adding PM6: Y6 mixed powder with the mass ratio of 1:1 into the DBCl solution to form a blended active layer solution with the concentration of the PM6: Y6 mixed powder of 18 mg/ml;
A1spin-coating the blended active layer solution at 300rpm to ITO/PEDOT: annealing the surface of the PSS anode interface layer for 10min at room temperature to obtain a target organic solar cell active layer;
A1-6, dissolving PDINN in a methanol solvent to obtain a PDINN solution with the concentration of 1mg/ml, spin-coating the PDINN solution on the surface of an active layer, and then evaporating a layer of silver on the surface of the PDINN layer in a vacuum evaporation manner, wherein the thickness of the silver is 100nm, and the evaporation area is 0.06cm2And obtaining the finished product of the upright polymer solar cell.
Wherein, the molecular structural formulas of DBCl, PM6 and Y6 are as follows:
Figure BDA0003478517360000051
examples 2 to 4
Examples 2-4 differ from example 1 in the concentration of the DBLCl solution in examples 2-4 as follows:
example 2
The embodiment of the application provides a positive polymer solar cell, which is prepared by the following steps:
A2sequentially performing ultrasonic treatment on the glass substrate attached with the ITO conductive layer for 15min by using liquid detergent, deionized water, acetone and isopropanol respectively, drying in an oven at 80 ℃, and performing ozone plasma surface treatment for 15 min;
A2-2. mixing PEDOT: the PSS solution is spin-coated on the surface of the processed ITO conductive layer, wherein the spin-coating speed is 4800rpm, the spin-coating time is 30s, then the anode interface layer is formed after annealing treatment is carried out for 30min at 150 ℃, and the thickness of the anode interface layer is 20-30 nm;
A2-3. dissolving DBCl in chloroform to prepare a DBCl solution with a concentration of 15 mg/ml;
A2adding PM6: Y6 mixed powder with the mass ratio of 1:1 into the DBCl solution to form a blended active layer solution with the concentration of the PM6: Y6 mixed powder of 18 mg/ml;
A2spin-coating the blended active layer solution at 300rpm to ITO/PEDOT: annealing the surface of the PSS anode interface layer for 10min at room temperature to obtain a target organic solar cell active layer;
A2-6, dissolving PDINN in a methanol solvent to obtain a PDINN solution with the concentration of 1mg/ml, spin-coating the PDINN solution on the surface of an active layer, and then evaporating a layer of silver on the surface of the PDINN layer in a vacuum evaporation manner, wherein the thickness of the silver is 100nm, and the evaporation area is 0.06cm2And obtaining the finished product of the upright polymer solar cell.
Example 3
The embodiment of the application provides a positive polymer solar cell, which is prepared by the following steps:
A3-1, sequentially performing ultrasonic treatment on the glass substrate attached with the ITO conductive layer for 15min by using liquid detergent, deionized water, acetone and isopropanol respectivelyThen drying in an oven at 80 ℃, and then carrying out ozone plasma surface treatment for 15 min;
A3-2. mixing PEDOT: the PSS solution is spin-coated on the surface of the processed ITO conductive layer, wherein the spin-coating speed is 4800rpm, the spin-coating time is 30s, then the anode interface layer is formed after annealing treatment is carried out for 30min at 150 ℃, and the thickness of the anode interface layer is 20-30 nm;
A3-3. dissolving DBCl in chloroform to prepare a DBCl solution with a concentration of 20 mg/ml;
A3adding PM6: Y6 mixed powder with the mass ratio of 1:1 into the DBCl solution to form a blended active layer solution with the concentration of the PM6: Y6 mixed powder of 18 mg/ml;
A3spin-coating the blended active layer solution at 300rpm to ITO/PEDOT: annealing the surface of the PSS anode interface layer for 10min at room temperature to obtain a target organic solar cell active layer;
A3-6, dissolving PDINN in a methanol solvent to obtain a PDINN solution with the concentration of 1mg/ml, spin-coating the PDINN solution on the surface of an active layer, and then evaporating a layer of silver on the surface of the PDINN layer in a vacuum evaporation manner, wherein the thickness of the silver is 100nm, and the evaporation area is 0.06cm2And obtaining the finished product of the upright polymer solar cell.
Example 4
The embodiment of the application provides a positive polymer solar cell, which is prepared by the following steps:
A4sequentially performing ultrasonic treatment on the glass substrate attached with the ITO conductive layer for 15min by using liquid detergent, deionized water, acetone and isopropanol respectively, drying in an oven at 80 ℃, and performing ozone plasma surface treatment for 15 min;
A4-2. mixing PEDOT: the PSS solution is spin-coated on the surface of the processed ITO conductive layer, wherein the spin-coating speed is 4800rpm, the spin-coating time is 30s, then the anode interface layer is formed after annealing treatment is carried out for 30min at 150 ℃, and the thickness of the anode interface layer is 20-30 nm;
A4-3. dissolving DBCl in chloroform to prepare a DBCl solution with a concentration of 30 mg/ml;
A4-4, adding PM6: Y6 mixed powder with the mass ratio of 1:1Adding the mixture into a DBCl solution to form a blended active layer solution with the concentration of PM6: Y6 mixed powder being 18 mg/ml;
a4-5. spin-coating the blended active layer solution at 300rpm onto ITO/PEDOT: annealing the surface of the PSS anode interface layer for 10min at room temperature to obtain a target organic solar cell active layer;
A4-6, dissolving PDINN in a methanol solvent to obtain a PDINN solution with the concentration of 1mg/ml, spin-coating the PDINN solution on the surface of an active layer, and then evaporating a layer of silver on the surface of the PDINN layer in a vacuum evaporation manner, wherein the thickness of the silver is 100nm, and the evaporation area is 0.06cm2And obtaining the finished product of the upright polymer solar cell.
Examples 5 to 7
Examples 5 to 7 are different from example 2 in the annealing temperature of the mixed active layer solution in examples 5 to 7, specifically, as follows:
example 5
The embodiment of the application provides a positive polymer solar cell, which is prepared by the following steps:
A5sequentially performing ultrasonic treatment on the glass substrate attached with the ITO conductive layer for 15min by using liquid detergent, deionized water, acetone and isopropanol respectively, drying in an oven at 80 ℃, and performing ozone plasma surface treatment for 15 min;
A5-2. mixing PEDOT: the PSS solution is spin-coated on the surface of the processed ITO conductive layer, wherein the spin-coating speed is 4800rpm, the spin-coating time is 30s, then the anode interface layer is formed after annealing treatment is carried out for 30min at 150 ℃, and the thickness of the anode interface layer is 20-30 nm;
A5-3. dissolving DBCl in chloroform to prepare a DBCl solution with a concentration of 15 mg/ml;
A5adding PM6: Y6 mixed powder with the mass ratio of 1:1 into the DBCl solution to form a blended active layer solution with the concentration of the PM6: Y6 mixed powder of 18 mg/ml;
a5-5. spin-coat the blended active layer solution at 300rpm onto ITO/PEDOT: annealing the surface of the PSS anode interface layer at 75 ℃ for 10min to obtain a target organic solar cell active layer;
A5-6. dissolving PDINN in methanolObtaining 1mg/ml PDINN solution, spin-coating the PDINN solution on the surface of an active layer, and then evaporating a layer of silver on the surface of the PDINN layer in a vacuum evaporation mode, wherein the thickness is 100nm, and the evaporation area is 0.06cm2And obtaining the finished product of the upright polymer solar cell.
Example 6
The embodiment of the application provides a positive polymer solar cell, which is prepared by the following steps:
A6sequentially performing ultrasonic treatment on the glass substrate attached with the ITO conductive layer for 15min by using liquid detergent, deionized water, acetone and isopropanol respectively, drying in an oven at 80 ℃, and performing ozone plasma surface treatment for 15 min;
A6-2. mixing PEDOT: the PSS solution is spin-coated on the surface of the processed ITO conductive layer, wherein the spin-coating speed is 4800rpm, the spin-coating time is 30s, then the anode interface layer is formed after annealing treatment is carried out for 30min at 150 ℃, and the thickness of the anode interface layer is 20-30 nm;
A6-3. dissolving DBCl in chloroform to prepare a DBCl solution with a concentration of 15 mg/ml;
A6adding PM6: Y6 mixed powder with the mass ratio of 1:1 into the DBCl solution to form a blended active layer solution with the concentration of the PM6: Y6 mixed powder of 18 mg/ml;
A6spin-coating the blended active layer solution at 300rpm to ITO/PEDOT: annealing the surface of the PSS anode interface layer at 100 ℃ for 10min to obtain a target organic solar cell active layer;
A6-6, dissolving PDINN in a methanol solvent to obtain a PDINN solution with the concentration of 1mg/ml, spin-coating the PDINN solution on the surface of an active layer, and then evaporating a layer of silver on the surface of the PDINN layer in a vacuum evaporation manner, wherein the thickness of the silver is 100nm, and the evaporation area is 0.06cm2And obtaining the finished product of the upright polymer solar cell.
Example 7
The embodiment of the application provides a positive polymer solar cell, which is prepared by the following steps:
A7-1, sequentially using liquid detergent, deionized water, acetone, and water to the glass substrate with the ITO conductive layer attached,Performing ultrasonic treatment on isopropanol for 15min respectively, drying in an oven at 80 ℃, and performing ozone plasma surface treatment for 15 min;
A7-2. mixing PEDOT: the PSS solution is spin-coated on the surface of the processed ITO conductive layer, wherein the spin-coating speed is 4800rpm, the spin-coating time is 30s, then the anode interface layer is formed after annealing treatment is carried out for 30min at 150 ℃, and the thickness of the anode interface layer is 20-30 nm;
A7-3. dissolving DBCl in chloroform to prepare a DBCl solution with a concentration of 15 mg/ml;
A7adding PM6: Y6 mixed powder with the mass ratio of 1:1 into the DBCl solution to form a blended active layer solution with the concentration of the PM6: Y6 mixed powder of 18 mg/ml;
A7spin-coating the blended active layer solution at 300rpm to ITO/PEDOT: annealing the surface of the PSS anode interface layer at 120 ℃ for 10min to obtain a target organic solar cell active layer;
A7-6, dissolving PDINN in a methanol solvent to obtain a PDINN solution with the concentration of 1mg/ml, spin-coating the PDINN solution on the surface of an active layer, and then evaporating a layer of silver on the surface of the PDINN layer in a vacuum evaporation manner, wherein the thickness of the silver is 100nm, and the evaporation area is 0.06cm2And obtaining the finished product of the upright polymer solar cell.
Examples 8 to 9
Examples 8-9 differ from example 5 in that different electron acceptors were selected in examples 8-9, as follows:
example 8
The embodiment of the application provides a positive polymer solar cell, which is prepared by the following steps:
a8-1, sequentially performing ultrasonic treatment on the glass substrate attached with the ITO conductive layer for 15min by using liquid detergent, deionized water, acetone and isopropanol respectively, then drying in an oven at 80 ℃, and performing ozone plasma surface treatment for 15 min;
a8-2. PEDOT: the PSS solution is spin-coated on the surface of the processed ITO conductive layer, wherein the spin-coating speed is 4800rpm, the spin-coating time is 30s, then the anode interface layer is formed after annealing treatment is carried out for 30min at 150 ℃, and the thickness of the anode interface layer is 20-30 nm;
a8-3, dissolving DBCl in chloroform to prepare a DBCl solution with the concentration of 15 mg/ml;
a8-4, adding PM6: BTP-eC9 mixed powder with the mass ratio of 1:1 into a DBCl solution to form a blended active layer solution with the concentration of PM6: Y6 mixed powder of 18 mg/ml;
a8-5. spin-coating the blended active layer solution at 300rpm onto ITO/PEDOT: annealing the surface of the PSS anode interface layer at 75 ℃ for 10min to obtain a target organic solar cell active layer;
a8-6, dissolving PDINN in methanol solvent to obtain 1mg/ml PDINN solution, spin-coating PDINN solution on the surface of active layer, and vacuum evaporating to deposit a layer of silver on the surface of PDINN layer with thickness of 100nm and evaporation area of 0.06cm2And obtaining the finished product of the upright polymer solar cell.
Wherein the molecular structural formulas of DBCl, PM6 and BTP-eC9 are as follows:
Figure BDA0003478517360000091
example 9
The embodiment of the application provides a positive polymer solar cell, which is prepared by the following steps:
a9-1, sequentially performing ultrasonic treatment on the glass substrate attached with the ITO conductive layer for 15min by using liquid detergent, deionized water, acetone and isopropanol respectively, then drying in an oven at 80 ℃, and performing ozone plasma surface treatment for 15 min;
a9-2. PEDOT: the PSS solution is spin-coated on the surface of the processed ITO conductive layer, wherein the spin-coating speed is 4800rpm, the spin-coating time is 30s, then the anode interface layer is formed after annealing treatment is carried out for 30min at 150 ℃, and the thickness of the anode interface layer is 20-30 nm;
a9-3, dissolving DBCl in chloroform to prepare a DBCl solution with the concentration of 15 mg/ml;
a9-4, adding PM6: L8-BO mixed powder with the mass ratio of 1:1 into a DBCl solution to form a blended active layer solution with the concentration of PM6: Y6 mixed powder of 18 mg/ml;
a9-5. spin-coating the blended active layer solution at 300rpm onto ITO/PEDOT: annealing the surface of the PSS anode interface layer at 75 ℃ for 10min to obtain a target organic solar cell active layer;
a9-6, dissolving PDINN in methanol solvent to obtain 1mg/ml PDINN solution, spin-coating PDINN solution on the surface of active layer, and vacuum evaporating to deposit a layer of silver on the surface of PDINN layer with thickness of 100nm and evaporation area of 0.06cm2And obtaining the finished product of the upright polymer solar cell.
Wherein the molecular structural formulas of DBCl, PM6 and L8-BO are as follows:
Figure BDA0003478517360000101
comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 provides a front-loading polymer solar cell, and comparative example 1 is different from example 5 in that DBCl is not added to comparative example 1.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 provides a front-loading polymer solar cell, and comparative example 2 is different from example 8 in that DBCl is not added to comparative example 2.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 provides a front-loading polymer solar cell, and comparative example 3 is different from example 9 in that DBCl is not added to comparative example 3.
Battery performance parameter testing
(1) The positive-loading polymer solar cells prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1 were subjected to performance testing using a solar simulator model Oriel-300 of Newport corporation, usa, and the test results are shown in table 1:
table 1 examples 1-4 results of cell performance testing
Figure BDA0003478517360000102
And (4) analyzing results: comparing the data of examples 1-4, it can be seen that the performance parameters of the cell change synchronously when the concentration of DBCl changes, and thus it can be demonstrated that the doping of DBCl in the active layer has an effect on the performance of the cell. Whereas the overall cell performance is best when the DBCl concentration is 15mg/ml, i.e. example 2 is preferred.
(2) The front-mounted polymer solar cells prepared in examples 2, 5 to 7 were subjected to performance tests using a solar simulator model Oriel-300 of Newport corporation, usa, and the test results are shown in table 2:
table 2 results of battery performance tests of examples 2, 5 to 7
Figure BDA0003478517360000111
And (4) analyzing results: comparing examples 5-7 with example 2, it can be seen that the overall performance of the cell is improved when the annealing treatment is carried out at elevated temperatures. When the annealing temperature is selected to be 75 deg.c, the boosting effect on the battery is the best, i.e., embodiment 5 is preferred.
(3) The front-mounted polymer solar cells manufactured in examples 5, 8 and 9 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to performance tests using a solar simulator model Oriel-300 of Newport corporation, usa, and the test results are shown in table 3:
table 3 results of cell performance test of examples 5, 8 and 9 and comparative examples 1 to 3
Figure BDA0003478517360000112
And (4) analyzing results: comparing the test results of examples 5, 8 and 9, the batteries were optimized to different degrees in performance when Y6, BTP-eC9 and L8-BO were used as the electron acceptor, respectively. Therefore, in actual production, different electron acceptors can be selected according to different emphasis requirements.
In addition, example 5 was compared with comparative example 1, example 8 was compared with comparative example 2, and example 9 was compared with comparative example 3. It can be demonstrated that when DBCl is added to the active layer, the overall performance of the cell can be improved.
And as can be seen from fig. 1-3, when the cell is doped with DBCl, the current density is higher than that of the cell not doped with DBCl, which further proves that the cell performance is improved when the active layer is doped with DBCl.
And (4) conclusion: 1. the process auxiliary agent used in the invention has the advantages of low price, easy shape regulation and control, realization of performance improvement of the solar cell, economy and high efficiency.
2. As shown in FIG. 4, the solar cell provided by the invention provides better photovoltaic efficiency at a film thickness of 300nm, and the film thickness of 300nm is an important production parameter in the field of solar cells. Therefore, the method provided by the invention has good practicability and can be compatible with the actual solar cell industry.
3. As shown in fig. 5, the solar cell provided by the invention can significantly improve the stability of the whole device, and can be stored for a longer time than a device not doped with DBCl.
It is important to note that the construction and arrangement of the present application as shown in the various exemplary embodiments is illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible (e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters (e.g., temperatures, pressures, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.) without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter recited in this application. For example, elements shown as integrally formed may be constructed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be reversed or otherwise varied, and the nature or number of discrete elements or positions may be altered or varied. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this application. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be varied or re-sequenced according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any means-plus-function clause is intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to a particular embodiment, but extends to various modifications that nevertheless fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Moreover, in an effort to provide a concise description of the exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual implementation may not have been described (i.e., those unrelated to the presently contemplated best mode of carrying out the application, or those unrelated to enabling the application).
It should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort might be complex and time consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and manufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure, without undue experimentation.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application and not for limiting, and although the present application is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application, which should be covered by the claims of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. A method for regulating and controlling the appearance of a light active layer is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a process aid solution;
s2, adding electron donor powder and electron acceptor powder into a process aid solution to form an active layer solution;
s3, spin-coating the active layer solution on the anode interface layer to form a film, and then carrying out annealing treatment for 10min to obtain an active layer;
in the step S1, 1, 3-2-bromo-5-chlorobenzene (DBCl) is selected as a process aid, and the molecular structural formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0003478517350000011
2. the method of claim 1, wherein the step of adjusting the profile of the photoactive layer comprises: the concentration of DBCl in the process aid solution is 10-30 mg/ml.
3. A method for tuning the topography of a photoactive layer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the temperature of the annealing treatment in the step S3 is 75-120 ℃.
4. A method for tuning the profile of a photoactive layer according to claim 3, wherein: the electron donor is PM6, the electron acceptor is one of the following non-fullerene small molecule acceptors and has a dithienothiophene [3.2-b ] pyrrolothiadiazole (BTP) core:
Figure FDA0003478517350000012
5. a front-loading polymer solar cell, characterized by: the front-loading polymer solar cell comprises an anode conducting layer, an anode interface layer, an active layer, a cathode interface layer and a metal electrode, wherein the active layer is prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The forward polymer solar cell of claim 5, wherein: the thickness of the anode interface layer is 20-30 nm; and the anode interface layer is made of PEDOT PSS.
7. A positive-loading polymer solar cell according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: the thickness of the cathode interface layer is 5-20nm, and the material of the cathode interface layer is PDINN.
8. The forward polymer solar cell of claim 7, wherein: the metal electrode is Ag, and the thickness of the metal electrode is 100 nm.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of forming the polymer solar cell comprises: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, spin-coating dispersion liquid of an anode interface layer material on the surface of an anode ITO substrate to form an anode interface layer;
step 2, spin-coating an active layer solution consisting of DBCl, an electron donor and an electron acceptor on the surface of the anode interface layer far away from the anode ITO substrate to form a photoactive layer;
step 3, spin-coating a dispersion liquid of a cathode interface layer material on the surface of the photoactive layer far away from the anode interface layer to form a cathode interface layer;
and 4, evaporating Ag on the surface of the cathode interface layer, which is far away from the photoactive layer, under a vacuum condition to form a metal electrode.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the method comprises: in the step 1, the anode ITO substrate is pretreated, and the pretreatment comprises the following steps: cleaning, drying and UVO treatment.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20160149893A (en) * 2015-06-19 2016-12-28 한국과학기술원 Polymer solar cells using active layer consisted of polyers
CN112802966A (en) * 2020-12-23 2021-05-14 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 Full-small-molecule organic solar cell and preparation method thereof
CN113105477A (en) * 2020-01-13 2021-07-13 北京大学深圳研究生院 Sulfur atom fused ring electron acceptor material and preparation method and application thereof

Patent Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20160149893A (en) * 2015-06-19 2016-12-28 한국과학기술원 Polymer solar cells using active layer consisted of polyers
CN113105477A (en) * 2020-01-13 2021-07-13 北京大学深圳研究生院 Sulfur atom fused ring electron acceptor material and preparation method and application thereof
CN112802966A (en) * 2020-12-23 2021-05-14 中国科学院重庆绿色智能技术研究院 Full-small-molecule organic solar cell and preparation method thereof

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