CN114496453B - Niobium three-tin superconducting magnet with quench protection and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Niobium three-tin superconducting magnet with quench protection and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114496453B CN114496453B CN202210111911.6A CN202210111911A CN114496453B CN 114496453 B CN114496453 B CN 114496453B CN 202210111911 A CN202210111911 A CN 202210111911A CN 114496453 B CN114496453 B CN 114496453B
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- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- KJSMVPYGGLPWOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium tin Chemical compound [Nb].[Sn] KJSMVPYGGLPWOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910000657 niobium-tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- HFYPIIWISGZGRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Nb].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn] Chemical compound [Nb].[Sn].[Sn].[Sn] HFYPIIWISGZGRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001275 Niobium-titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- RJSRQTFBFAJJIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Nb] RJSRQTFBFAJJIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
- H01F6/06—Coils, e.g. winding, insulating, terminating or casing arrangements therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/005—Impregnating or encapsulating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
- H01F41/048—Superconductive coils
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/60—Superconducting electric elements or equipment; Power systems integrating superconducting elements or equipment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging Apparatus (AREA)
- Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet with quench protection and a manufacturing method thereof. The second heater is arranged on one side of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet, and the thickness of the insulating heat conduction layer can be thinner, so that the insulating performance is reliable, and the safety performance is high. The second heater is arranged on one side of the heater tool, is large in thickness, and can limit the heat of the heater on one side of the niobium three-tin superconducting magnet through arranging the insulating layer, so that the heat dissipation outwards is reduced. By adopting the quench protection mode, the second heater and the superconducting magnet have short heat propagation paths, and the thickness of the insulating heat conduction film is only in a micron order, so that the heat transfer efficiency is greatly improved, and the quench protection mode has great significance for the instantaneous quench niobium three-tin superconducting magnet to be capable of improving the quench propagation speed and timely conducting heat.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of superconducting magnets, and particularly relates to a niobium three-tin superconducting magnet with quench protection and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
Superconductors have three basic critical parameters, including critical temperature, critical magnetic field, and critical current. The critical temperature refers to the point at which the resistance of the superconductor suddenly disappears with a decrease in temperature, and the temperature at this time corresponds to the critical temperature of the superconductor. The critical magnetic field is the magnetic field value corresponding to the change of the superconductor from the superconducting state to the normal state along with the increase of the magnetic field intensity. Critical current means that the carrier current of the superconductor has an upper limit value beyond which the superconductor will change from superconducting to normal. Thus, critical temperature, critical magnetic field and critical current are three major factors that determine superconductor superconducting properties, and these three critical parameters are mutually constrained to form a complex functional relationship with superconductor superconducting properties.
Superconducting magnets are those in which a superconductor is formed into a wire or strip, and then wound into a coil, through which a current is passed, thereby forming a superconducting magnet capable of generating a strong magnetic field. The field strength of the superconducting magnet is thus also dependent on the critical parameters of the superconductor. The superconducting magnet operates below the critical temperature of the superconductor, the background magnetic field is lower than the critical magnetic field of the superconductor itself, and the operating current of the coil should be lower than the critical current of the superconductor.
There are many reasons why superconducting magnets lose superconductivity, and when any one of the parameters of the superconducting magnet exceeds a critical parameter, quench of the superconducting magnet is induced. Thus, disturbances from both the outside and the inside of the superconducting magnet during operating conditions may cause the operating parameters of the superconducting magnet to exceed critical values. Among them, the operating temperature variation of the superconducting magnet is an important factor that triggers quench of the superconducting magnet. The operating temperature of the superconducting magnet is affected by the exciting speed of the superconducting magnet during excitation, the refrigerating efficiency of the refrigerating medium on the superconducting magnet, frictional heat generated by relative displacement of superconducting wires inside the magnet during excitation of the superconducting magnet, magnetic flux jump of the superconducting magnet, and the like.
When the temperature of a point in the superconducting magnet exceeds a critical temperature due to external reasons, the superconductor at the point is quenched, the resistance of the superconductor at the quenching point is restored to be normal, high heat is generated when a large current passes through the superconductor, the temperature of the quenching point is increased sharply, and the important influence is caused on a superconducting magnet system. The local temperature rise is too high and may burn the superconductor there, causing damage to the entire superconducting magnet. The local temperature rise may also be such that a change in the air pressure in the superconducting magnet may create a high pressure in the vessel, causing damage to the vacuum vessel.
Therefore, in the manufacturing process of the superconducting magnet, the superconducting magnet should be subjected to quench protection, quench signals of the superconducting magnet are timely and rapidly detected, heat of quench points is timely released, local temperature rise of the quench points is limited, and the superconductor is prevented from being overheated. The quench protection mode of the superconducting magnet is generally divided into an active protection mode and a passive protection mode, wherein a resistor or a capacitor is used as a load, or a heater method is used for transferring the energy of the superconducting magnet to the load or releasing the energy inside the superconducting magnet.
Niobium-three-tin superconductors are one of the representatives of low-temperature superconductors. The critical temperature of the niobium-three-tin superconducting material is above 18K, and the critical magnetic field at 4.2K is above 25T. Therefore, a niobium tri-tin superconducting magnet is an important component of a high-field superconducting magnet. Niobium-tin superconductors are brittle ceramic phases that are generally difficult to machine and to handle manually. The niobium-tin superconducting magnet is manufactured by a mode of firstly winding and then reacting, firstly winding unreacted niobium-tin wires which can be manually operated into a final shape of a coil, and then carrying out long-time high-temperature heat treatment to obtain the final niobium-tin superconducting magnet. The complex preparation process of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet needs strict quench protection, and the strong magnetic field is prevented from burning the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet when the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet is excited.
The method of attaching the heater to the outside of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet by adopting the sectional protection mode is an effective quench protection mode for protecting the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet. In order to reduce the radial force when the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet is excited, a binding layer is required to be arranged on the outer surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet. The heater is attached to the outer surface of the niobium three-tin superconducting magnet, and the quench heat can be quickly conducted to the whole niobium three-tin superconducting magnet in the binding layer, so that the temperature of the whole niobium three-tin superconducting magnet is increased, and the temperature rise of local points is avoided. The timely and rapid heat conduction requires that the heater is attached to the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet as much as possible, so that the thermal resistance between the heater and the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet is reduced, and meanwhile, the heat of the heater is reduced to spread to an external binding space, so that the heat is ensured to be consumed into the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet as much as possible. Meanwhile, the heater needs to have higher insulation grades with the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet and the binding layer, so that the voltage-resistant requirements between the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet and the heater, between the heater and the binding layer, and between the binding layer and the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet are met.
However, in the process of performing high temperature heat treatment on the niobium tri-tin superconducting magnet, due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficients among the niobium tri-tin wire, the binding layer and the heater, the shape of the heater and the insulation among the heater, the niobium tri-tin superconducting magnet and the binding layer are damaged due to relative displacement among various materials in the heat treatment process. Meanwhile, impurities such as organic matters existing in the production process of various materials in the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet can cause carbon deposition phenomenon in the high-temperature vacuum heat treatment process, and the insulation level between the heater and the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet and the binding layer can be greatly reduced, so that a short circuit occurs in a quench protection circuit of the heater, and the quench protection effect of the heater is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that the insulation grade between the heater and the niobium three-tin superconducting magnet and the binding layer is reduced in the high-temperature vacuum heat treatment process of the niobium three-tin superconducting magnet heater in the prior art, the heat transfer direction of the heater in the quench protection process and the deformation problem of the heater after binding, the invention provides the niobium three-tin superconducting magnet with the quench protection and a manufacturing method thereof.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a niobium three-tin superconducting magnet with quench protection comprises a superconducting magnet framework, a niobium three-tin superconducting magnet, a second heater, an insulating heat conduction layer, an insulating heat insulation layer, a heater fixture and a binding layer; wherein a thin insulating heat conducting layer is stuck on the surface of the second heater; the insulating heat conducting layer is in contact with the surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet; the second heater is arranged in parallel with the heater fixture and is arranged in two grooves of the heater fixture; the insulating layer is inserted into the heater fixture, and is positioned between the second heater and the heater fixture to play a role in insulation and heat insulation of the second heater and the heater fixture; the surface of the heater fixture is provided with a threaded through hole which is used for being pressed inwards by a screw, so that the insulating heat-insulating layer is tightly attached to the second heater, and the second heater is tightly attached to the outer surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet; the binding layer winds the niobium three-tin superconducting magnet and the heater tool into a whole; the inside of the niobium three-tin superconducting magnet, the second heater, the insulating heat-insulating layer and the binding layer are cured into a whole through vacuum impregnation of epoxy resin.
Further, the radius of the inner surface of the heater fixture is the same as the radius of the outer surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet, so that the second heater is tightly attached to the outer surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet; the two grooves are two axial grooves formed in the inner surface of the heater tool, the groove width is larger than that of the second heater, and the groove depth is 0.5 to 2mm; the outer surface of the heater tool is uniformly provided with the threaded through holes along the axial direction, and the positions of the threaded through holes are in the inner part of the axial groove of the inner surface of the heater tool.
Further, the second heater is made of stainless steel, has a thickness of 0.05 to 0.2mm, has a length of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet and is reserved for 10 to 100mm, and is used for welding the first heater.
Further, the insulating heat conducting layer is arranged on the inner surface of the second heater, plays an insulating role of the second heater and the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet, and rapidly conducts heat of the second heater to the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet; the thickness of the insulating heat conducting layer is 0.01 to 0.05mm.
Further, the insulating layer is arranged on the outer surface of the second heater, plays an insulating role of the second heater and the heater fixture, and prevents heat of the second heater from being transmitted to the heater fixture; the insulating layer has a thickness of 0.4 to 1.8mm.
Further, before welding with the second heater, the first heater is attached to the outer surface of the wound niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet, the heater fixture is placed along the axial direction, the heater fixture is placed in parallel with the first heater, and the first heater is placed in two grooves of the heater fixture; after the first heater and the heater fixture are arranged on the outer surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet, winding the binding layer, and performing high-temperature vacuum heat treatment; after the vacuum heat treatment is finished, the bottom of the first heater is welded to the top of the second heater in a tin soldering mode, the first heater is slowly pulled out of the heater fixture until the welded joint of the first heater and the second heater is exposed out of the heater fixture, the welded joint of the first heater and the second heater is welded off, and the second heater is left in the heater fixture.
The invention also comprises a manufacturing method of the niobium three-tin superconducting magnet with quench protection, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Winding the niobium-tin superconducting magnet on the magnet framework, and winding a glass fiber cloth insulating layer on the outer surface of the niobium-tin superconducting magnet;
(2) Attaching the first heater to the outer surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet along the axial direction;
(3) The heater fixture is axially placed on the first heater, the heater fixture is placed in parallel with the first heater, and the first heater is placed in two grooves on the inner surface of the heater fixture; an inner hexagon screw is arranged in a threaded hole on the outer surface of the heater tool, and the screw is screwed into a groove on the inner surface of the heater tool;
(4) Winding the binding layer on the niobium three-tin superconducting magnet and the heater tool, wherein the binding layer material comprises stainless steel wires and copper wires. The binding layer lets the inner hexagon screw on the heater open. Then vacuum heat treatment is performed.
(5) And pasting a thin insulating heat conducting layer on the surface of the second heater, wherein the thickness of the insulating heat conducting layer is 0.05-0.2 mm. The insulating heat conducting layer adopts polyimide adhesive tape film. And then the bottom of the first heater is soldered with the top of the second heater at the bottom of the first heater. And then slowly extracting the first heater from the heater fixture until the welding joint of the first heater and the second heater is exposed from the heater fixture.
(6) And welding away the welding joint of the first heater and the second heater, and leaving the second heater in the heater fixture.
(7) And the insulating layer is inserted into the heater fixture, and is positioned between the second heater and the heater fixture to play a role in insulation and heat insulation of the second heater and the heater fixture. The insulating layer has a thickness of 0.4 to 1.8mm. The material adopts an epoxy resin sheet.
(8) And pressing inwards from screw holes on the surface of the heater tool by using screws, so that the insulating and heat-insulating layer is tightly attached to the second heater, and the second heater is tightly attached to the outer surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet.
(9) And (3) carrying out vacuum impregnation on the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet by epoxy resin, and solidifying the inside of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet, the second heater, the insulating heat-insulating layer and the binding layer into a whole to increase the strength of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet.
The beneficial effects are that:
in order to prevent the insulation of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet from being poor due to the fact that the thermal expansion coefficients of the second heater, the insulating heat-insulating layer and the binding layer are different among different materials in the heat treatment process, and the shape of the heater is changed by the binding layer, the risk of reduction of the insulation grade of the heater due to carbon deposition of organic impurities in raw materials in the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet in the high-temperature vacuum heat treatment process is reduced, the invention provides a quench protection mode of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet and a manufacturing method of the quench protection mode. The first heater is embedded in the heater tool, the insulated second heater is replaced by the first heater after vacuum heat treatment, and the second heater which is used for conveniently manufacturing the insulating layer and the heat conducting layer at normal temperature is used for performing quench protection on the niobium three-tin superconducting magnet. After replacement, the second heater is arranged on one side of the niobium three-tin superconducting magnet, the thickness of the insulating heat conduction layer can be thinner, the insulating performance is reliable, and the safety performance is high. The second heater is on one side of the heater tool, the thickness is large, and the heat of the heater can be limited on one side of the niobium three-tin superconducting magnet by arranging the insulating layer, so that the outward dissipation of the heat is reduced.
Through the quench protection mode of the niobium three-tin superconducting magnet, a quench protection heater with more pertinence is designed according to the action mechanism of quench protection, so that the heat conduction of the heater has directionality and concentration. By adopting the quench protection mode, the second heater and the superconducting magnet have short heat propagation paths, and the thickness of the insulating heat conduction layer is only in a micron order, so that the heat transfer efficiency is greatly improved, and the quench protection mode has great significance for the instantaneous quench niobium three-tin superconducting magnet to be capable of improving the quench propagation speed and timely conducting heat. In addition, since the superconducting critical temperature of the niobium-tin superconductor is as high as 18K or more, which is higher than 11K of the niobium-titanium superconductor, higher heat is required to trigger quench of the niobium-tin superconducting magnet. The heat insulation layer material is adopted outside the heater and is used as a heat blocking layer, so that the loss of ineffective heat can be reduced, the heat can be more intensively spread, and the heat is also important for the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet. The quench protection mode of the invention can play a more effective quench protection effect on the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet. The device has the advantages of simple structure, simple operation and low cost, and is suitable for mass industrialized production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a superconducting magnet former of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a first heater of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second heater of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a heater fixture of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of a heater fixture of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a niobium three-tin superconducting magnet after installation of a heater fixture and a first heater of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a niobium three-tin superconducting magnet of the present invention after installation of a heater fixture and a second heater;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a niobium tri-tin superconducting magnet of the present invention.
Wherein: the superconducting magnet comprises a superconducting magnet framework 1, a first heater 2, a second heater 3, a heater fixture 4, a niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5, an insulating heat conduction layer 6 and an insulating heat insulation layer 7.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the niobium three-tin superconducting magnet with quench protection of the present invention comprises a superconducting magnet skeleton 1, a niobium three-tin superconducting magnet 5, a second heater 3, an insulating heat conducting layer 6, an insulating heat insulating layer 7, a heater fixture 4 and a binding layer. Wherein, the first heater 2 is attached to the outer surface of the wound niobium three tin superconducting magnet 5; the heater fixture 4 is axially placed on the first heater 2, the heater fixture 4 is placed in parallel with the first heater 2, and the first heater 2 is placed in two grooves of the heater fixture 4; after the first heater 2 and the heater fixture 4 are mounted on the outer surface of the niobium-tin superconducting magnet 5, winding the binding layer, winding the niobium-tin superconducting magnet 5 and the heater fixture 4 into a whole by the binding layer, and then carrying out high-temperature vacuum heat treatment on the niobium-tin superconducting magnet 5. And sticking a thin insulating heat conducting layer 6 on the surface of the second heater 3, and welding the top of the second heater 3 at the bottom of the first heater 2 in a tin soldering mode at the bottom of the first heater 2 after the vacuum heat treatment is finished. The first heater 2 is then slowly withdrawn from the heater fixture 4 until the welded joint of the first heater 2 and the second heater 3 emerges from the heater fixture 4. And (3) welding the welding joint of the first heater 2 and the second heater 3, and leaving the second heater 3 in the heater fixture 4. The insulating layer 7 is inserted into the heater fixture 4, and the insulating layer 7 is positioned between the second heater 3 and the heater fixture 4 to perform the insulation and heat insulation functions of the second heater 3 and the heater fixture 4. And (3) pressing the insulating and heat-insulating layer 7 and the second heater 3 by using screws inwards from the threaded through holes on the surface of the heater tool 4, and enabling the second heater 3 to be tightly attached to the outer surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5. And then, the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5 is subjected to vacuum impregnation with epoxy resin, the inside of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5, the second heater 3, the insulating heat-insulating layer 7 and the binding layer are solidified into a whole, and the strength of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet is increased.
The first heater 2 is made of high temperature resistant material, has a thickness of 0.01 to 0.2mm, has a length of 10 to 100mm reserved for the length of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5, and is used for welding the second heater 3.
The heater fixture 4 is made of high-temperature deformation resistant materials, and comprises stainless steel or titanium alloy. The shape is arc, the radius of the inner surface of the second heater is the same as the radius of the outer surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5, and the second heater can be tightly attached to the outer surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5. The grooves are two axial grooves formed in the inner surface of the heater fixture 4, the groove width is larger than the widths of the first heater 2 and the second heater 3, and the groove depth is 0.5 to 2mm. Threaded through holes are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the heater fixture 4 along the axial direction, and the positions of the threaded through holes are in the inner portion of the axial groove of the inner surface of the heater fixture 4.
The second heater 3 is made of stainless steel material and has a thickness of 0.05 to 0.2mm. The length is the length of the niobium three-tin superconducting magnet 5 and is reserved 10 to 100mm for welding the first heater 2.
The insulating and heat conducting layer 6 is installed on the inner surface of the second heater 3, and can play an insulating role of the second heater 3 and the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5, and can quickly conduct heat of the second heater 3 to the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5. The thickness of the insulating and heat conducting layer 6 is 0.01 to 0.05mm.
The insulating layer 7 is installed on the outer surface of the second heater 3, and can play a role in insulating the second heater 3 and the heater fixture 4, and prevent heat of the second heater 3 from being transferred to the heater fixture 4. The thickness of the insulating layer 7 is 0.4 to 1.8mm.
The manufacturing process of the niobium three-tin superconducting magnet with quench protection provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) Winding the niobium-tin superconducting magnet 5 on the superconducting magnet skeleton 1, and winding a glass fiber cloth insulating layer on the outer surface of the niobium-tin superconducting magnet 5;
(2) Attaching the first heater 2 to the outer surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5 along the axial direction;
(3) The heater fixture 4 is axially arranged on the first heater 2, the heater fixture 4 is arranged in parallel with the first heater 2, and the first heater 2 is arranged in two grooves on the inner surface of the heater fixture 4; mounting an inner hexagon screw in a threaded hole on the outer surface of the heater tool 4, wherein the inner hexagon screw is screwed into a groove on the inner surface of the heater tool 4;
(4) And winding the binding layer on the niobium three-tin superconducting magnet 5 and the heater fixture 4, wherein the binding layer material comprises stainless steel wires or copper wires. The binding layer lets open the hexagon socket head cap screw on the heater frock 4. Then vacuum heat treatment is performed.
(5) And pasting a thin insulating heat conducting layer 6 on the surface of the second heater 3, wherein the thickness of the second heater 3 is 0.05-0.2 mm. The insulating and heat conducting layer 6 is made of polyimide adhesive tape film. And then the bottom of the first heater 2 is soldered with the top of the second heater 3 at the bottom of the first heater 2. The first heater 2 is then slowly withdrawn from the heater fixture 4 until the welded joint of the first heater 2 and the second heater 3 emerges from the heater fixture 4.
(6) And (3) welding the welding joint of the first heater 2 and the second heater 3, and leaving the second heater 2 in the heater fixture 4.
(7) The insulating layer 7 is inserted into the heater fixture 4, and the insulating layer 7 is positioned between the second heater 3 and the heater fixture 4 to perform the insulation and heat insulation functions of the second heater 3 and the heater fixture 4. The thickness of the insulating layer 7 is 0.4 to 1.8mm, and an epoxy resin sheet is adopted as a material.
(8) And (3) pressing the insulating and heat-insulating layer 7 against the second heater 3 by using an inner hexagon screw inwards from a threaded through hole on the surface of the heater tool 4, and enabling the second heater 3 to be against the outer surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5.
(9) And (3) carrying out vacuum impregnation on the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5 by epoxy resin, and solidifying the interior of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5, the second heater 3, the insulating heat-insulating layer 7 and the binding layer into a whole to increase the strength of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below by means of two examples.
Embodiment one:
winding the niobium-tin superconducting magnet 5 on the superconducting magnet skeleton 1, and winding a glass fiber cloth insulating layer on the outer surface of the niobium-tin superconducting magnet 5; attaching the first heater 2 to the outer surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5 along the axial direction; the heater fixture 4 is axially arranged on the first heater 2, the heater fixture 4 is arranged in parallel with the first heater 2, and the first heater 2 is arranged in two grooves on the inner surface of the heater fixture 4; mounting an inner hexagon screw in a threaded hole on the outer surface of the heater tool 4, wherein the inner hexagon screw is screwed into a groove on the inner surface of the heater tool 4; and winding the binding layer on the niobium three-tin superconducting magnet 5 and the heater fixture 4, wherein the binding layer material comprises stainless steel wires or copper wires. And the binding layer lets open the inner hexagon screw on the heating. Then vacuum heat treatment is performed. And pasting a thin insulating heat conducting layer 6 on the surface of the second heater 3, wherein the thickness of the second heater 3 is 0.05mm. The insulating and heat conducting layer 6 is made of polyimide adhesive tape film. And then the bottom of the first heater 2 is soldered with the top of the second heater 3 at the bottom of the first heater 2. The first heater 2 is then slowly withdrawn from the heater fixture 4 until the welded joint of the first heater 2 and the second heater 3 emerges from the heater fixture 4. And (3) welding the welding joint of the first heater 2 and the second heater 3, and leaving the second heater 2 in the heater fixture 4. The insulating layer 7 is inserted into the heater fixture 4, and the insulating layer 7 is positioned between the second heater 3 and the heater fixture 4 to perform the insulation and heat insulation functions of the second heater 3 and the heater fixture 4. The thickness of the insulating layer 7 is 0.4mm, and an epoxy resin sheet is adopted as a material. And (3) pressing the insulating and heat-insulating layer 7 against the second heater 3 by using an inner hexagon screw inwards from a threaded through hole on the surface of the heater tool 4, and enabling the second heater 3 to be against the outer surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5. And (3) carrying out vacuum impregnation on the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5 by epoxy resin, and solidifying the interior of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5, the second heater 3, the insulating heat-insulating layer 7 and the binding layer into a whole to increase the strength of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5.
Embodiment two:
winding the niobium-tin superconducting magnet 5 on the superconducting magnet skeleton 1, and winding a glass fiber cloth insulating layer on the outer surface of the niobium-tin superconducting magnet 5; attaching the first heater 2 to the outer surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5 along the axial direction; the heater fixture 4 is axially arranged on the first heater 2, the heater fixture 4 is arranged in parallel with the first heater 2, and the first heater 2 is arranged in two grooves on the inner surface of the heater fixture 4; mounting an inner hexagon screw in a threaded hole on the outer surface of the heater tool 4, wherein the inner hexagon screw is screwed into a groove on the inner surface of the heater tool 4; and winding the binding layer on the niobium three-tin superconducting magnet 5 and the heater fixture 4, wherein the binding layer material comprises stainless steel wires or copper wires. And the binding layer lets open the inner hexagon screw on the heating. Then vacuum heat treatment is performed. And pasting a thin insulating heat conducting layer 6 on the surface of the second heater 3, wherein the thickness of the second heater 3 is 0.2mm. The insulating and heat conducting layer 6 is made of polyimide adhesive tape film. And then the bottom of the first heater 2 is soldered with the top of the second heater 3 at the bottom of the first heater 2. The first heater 2 is then slowly withdrawn from the heater fixture 4 until the welded joint of the first heater 2 and the second heater 3 emerges from the heater fixture 4. And (3) welding the welding joint of the first heater 2 and the second heater 3, and leaving the second heater 2 in the heater fixture 4. The insulating layer 7 is inserted into the heater fixture 4, and the insulating layer 7 is positioned between the second heater 3 and the heater fixture 4 to perform the insulation and heat insulation functions of the second heater 3 and the heater fixture 4. The thickness of the insulating layer 7 is 1.8mm, and an epoxy resin sheet is adopted as a material. And (3) pressing the insulating and heat-insulating layer 7 against the second heater 3 by using an inner hexagon screw inwards from a threaded through hole on the surface of the heater tool 4, and enabling the second heater 3 to be against the outer surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5. And (3) carrying out vacuum impregnation on the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5 by epoxy resin, and solidifying the interior of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5, the second heater 3, the insulating heat-insulating layer 7 and the binding layer into a whole to increase the strength of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet 5.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A niobium tri-tin superconducting magnet with quench protection, characterized by: the device comprises a superconducting magnet framework, a niobium three-tin superconducting magnet, a second heater, an insulating heat conduction layer, an insulating heat insulation layer, a heater fixture and a binding layer; wherein a thin insulating heat conducting layer is stuck on the surface of the second heater; the insulating heat conducting layer is in contact with the surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet; the second heater is arranged in parallel with the heater fixture and is arranged in two grooves of the heater fixture; the insulating layer is inserted into the heater fixture, and is positioned between the second heater and the heater fixture to play a role in insulation and heat insulation of the second heater and the heater fixture; the surface of the heater fixture is provided with a threaded through hole which is used for being pressed inwards by a screw, so that the insulating heat-insulating layer is tightly attached to the second heater, and the second heater is tightly attached to the outer surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet; the binding layer winds the niobium three-tin superconducting magnet and the heater tool into a whole; the inside of the niobium three-tin superconducting magnet, the second heater, the insulating heat-insulating layer and the binding layer are solidified into a whole through vacuum impregnation of epoxy resin;
the radius of the inner surface of the heater fixture is the same as the radius of the outer surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet, so that the second heater is tightly attached to the outer surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet; the two grooves are two axial grooves formed in the inner surface of the heater tool, the groove width is larger than that of the second heater, and the groove depth is 0.5 to 2mm; the threaded through holes are uniformly arranged on the outer surface of the heater tool along the axial direction, and the positions of the threaded through holes are in the axial grooves of the inner surface of the heater tool;
the second heater is made of stainless steel, has the thickness of 0.05-0.2 mm, has the length of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet and is reserved for 10-100 mm and is used for welding the first heater;
before welding with the second heater, the first heater is attached to the outer surface of the wound niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet, the heater fixture is placed along the axial direction, the heater fixture is placed in parallel with the first heater, and the first heater is placed in two grooves of the heater fixture; after the first heater and the heater fixture are arranged on the outer surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet, winding the binding layer, and performing high-temperature vacuum heat treatment; after the vacuum heat treatment is finished, the bottom of the first heater is welded to the top of the second heater in a tin soldering mode, the first heater is slowly pulled out of the heater fixture until the welded joint of the first heater and the second heater is exposed out of the heater fixture, the welded joint of the first heater and the second heater is welded off, and the second heater is left in the heater fixture.
2. A niobium tri-tin superconducting magnet with quench protection as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the insulating heat conduction layer is arranged on the inner surface of the second heater, plays an insulating role of the second heater and the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet, and rapidly conducts heat of the second heater to the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet; the thickness of the insulating heat conducting layer is 0.01 to 0.05mm.
3. A niobium tri-tin superconducting magnet with quench protection as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the insulating layer is arranged on the outer surface of the second heater, plays an insulating role of the second heater and the heater fixture, and prevents heat of the second heater from being transmitted to the heater fixture; the insulating layer has a thickness of 0.4 to 1.8mm.
4. A method of manufacturing a niobium tri-tin superconducting magnet with quench protection according to one of claims 1-3, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
(1) Winding the niobium-tin superconducting magnet on the magnet framework, and winding a glass fiber cloth insulating layer on the outer surface of the niobium-tin superconducting magnet;
(2) Attaching the first heater to the outer surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet along the axial direction;
(3) The heater fixture is axially placed on the first heater, the heater fixture is placed in parallel with the first heater, and the first heater is placed in two grooves on the inner surface of the heater fixture; an inner hexagon screw is arranged in the threaded through hole on the outer surface of the heater tool, and the inner hexagon screw is screwed into a groove on the inner surface of the heater tool;
(4) Winding the binding layer on the niobium three-tin superconducting magnet and the heater tool, wherein the binding layer is made of stainless steel wires to obtain copper wires; the binding layer lets the inner hexagon screw on the heater tool open; then carrying out vacuum heat treatment;
(5) Adhering a thin insulating heat conducting layer to the surface of the second heater, wherein the thickness of the insulating heat conducting layer is 0.05-0.2 mm; the insulating heat conducting layer is a polyimide adhesive tape film; then the bottom of the first heater is soldered with the top of the second heater; then slowly extracting the first heater from the heater fixture until the welding joint of the first heater and the second heater is exposed from the heater fixture;
(6) Welding away the welding joint of the first heater and the second heater, and leaving the second heater in the heater fixture;
(7) The insulating layer is inserted into the heater fixture, and is positioned between the second heater and the heater fixture to play a role in insulation and heat insulation of the second heater and the heater fixture; the thickness of the insulating layer is 0.4 to 1.8mm, and the material adopts an epoxy resin sheet;
(8) The inner hexagon screws are pressed inwards from the threaded through holes on the surface of the heater fixture, so that the insulating and heat-insulating layer is tightly attached to the second heater, and the second heater is tightly attached to the outer surface of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet;
(9) And (3) carrying out vacuum impregnation on the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet by epoxy resin, and solidifying the inside of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet, the second heater, the insulating heat-insulating layer and the binding layer into a whole to increase the strength of the niobium-three-tin superconducting magnet.
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