CN1144936A - Computer for display of memory data cell - Google Patents

Abstract

An electronic calculator able to display address and data features that its data memory is divided into result and latch areas, each having 100 cells, and there is an address key on its key pad to select a memory cell. When a memory cell is chosen, its address and content are respectively displayed in address and data areas. When a report is summarized, data is input to cells in latch area and sum is stored in result area. The data in different momory cells can be used to operate by their address.

Description

The electronic calculator that shows storage data units

This invention relates to the knowledge of one-chip computer software and hardware and electronic calculator aspect.

The kind of counter is a lot of on the market now, is divided into following a few class by function: GENERAL TYPE, function type, program-type, mixed type.

1 GENERAL TYPE:

This class counter has addition subtraction multiplication and division arithmetic, number percent, extraction of square root, the independent functions such as memory that add up, and generally has only a storage element, and its calculation function can only calculate according to the button order.On behalf of type, it BL-857C counter is arranged.

2 function types (also claiming the science type)

This type of counter has the function of general counter, also has trigonometric function, logarithm, exponential sum statistical computation function.Senior function calculator also has coordinate transform, permutation and combination, linear regression, random number analysis, solves an equation or functions such as the calculating of vector plural number, Definite Integral Calculation.Generally have one to four storage element, its calculation function major part is undertaken by the rule computing.On behalf of type, it BL-703 counter is arranged.

3 program-types

This type of counter can also store the certain procedure calculation step to finish specific function except that the calculation function with GENERAL TYPE and function type counter.It allows the machine memory instruction-program (being the storing memory of computing formula) of expression calculation step down in advance, obtains accordingly result as long as just can calculate to counter input data then.Generally have three to 12 even more storage elements.On behalf of type, it BL-818 counter is arranged.

4 mixed types

This type of counter increases functions such as clock, music, recreation, account, certain dedicated computing in above-mentioned three kinds of fundamental types.On behalf of type, it CASIO FX-8100 counter is arranged.

More than the detailed functions of four class counters referring to " electronic calculator use maintenance complete works of ", the Electronic Industry Press, February nineteen ninety-five first published.

Find out from above-mentioned four class counters, they can not write down mass data and do the operation overall process of adding and subtracting when calculating, can not solve the data in the form stores respectively and mutual operational problem, the form that can not solve enterprises and institutions laterally with vertically gather problem simultaneously respectively, the multi-class voucher that can not solve any bookbinding is only browsed a subseries and is gathered problem.Can solve as above problem with microcomputer, but complicated operation, volume is bigger, and price is higher.

Purpose of the present invention is exactly in order to solve above contradiction and problem, for financial accounting statistics and general evaluation work personnel provide a kind of frequently-used data of simple and convenient cheapness to gather computational tool.

The present invention can adopt following method to realize.

The electronic calculator that shows storage data units, form by microprocessor, program storage, data-carrier store, display driver circuit, display, keyboard and power supply, its special character is: its data-carrier store is made of fruiting area A and working area B two parts, and there is the storage data units of equal number in these two districts; Its display also is useful on display part, address and the state Warning Mark that shows selected storage data units except that the data display unit that general counter is arranged; Its keyboard also is useful on button and one group of address button that is used to select the arbitrary storage data units in A district and B district of mutual computing between the storage data units except that the button that general counter is arranged; When selecting storage data units, the two states of Warning Mark has determined two kinds of processing modes of video data on the display, a kind of storage data address unit that shows before the variation that is recorded in for the data on the display, another kind of for the data on the display directly are added in identical address unit, A district mutually, demonstrate address location after selecting and the data in this unit after video data handled; The data of continuation address unit, same district can be sued for peace with a key addition; Each address location data can replace carrying out arithmetic with explicit address; Address location in each demonstration can carry out arithmetic.

Show that as mentioned above A, B two districts in its data-carrier store of electronic calculator of storage data units form by 100 storage data units, these two districts are with the difference of zone state Warning Marks, and the address indication range of their storage data units all is 00-99.

Its display of electronic calculator that shows storage data units as mentioned above is made of 14 transversely arranged LED charactrons, wherein preceding two digital pipes are used to show the address of storage data units, d section in the 3rd charactron is used for the zone state Warning Mark, the a section is used for direct phase add mode Warning Mark, and g section and back 11 digital pipes are used to show the content of storage data units.

Its keyboard of electronic calculator that shows storage data units as mentioned above by the address button 0--9 that selects storage data units ,+1 ,-1, A/B and be used for A district and the whole identical address cell datas in the B district button MM of corresponding addition one by one; Be used for button H since 00 continuation address cell data addition; The data that are used for explicit address unit, B district are sign to change the storage data units address, directly are added in the button P in the identical address A district mutually; The button D that is used for A district or the mutual computing of each address location of B district; Be used to remove the button AC in A district, B district; Be used to remove the button CC in B district and general counter button 0-9. ,+,-, * ,/,=, CE constitutes.

Two kinds of processing modes that show data on its display of electronic calculator of storage data units are as mentioned above distinguished by Warning Mark a section.

Introduce the effect of each key on the calculator keyboard below

1 address button

0-9 ,+1 ,-1, these 13 buttons of A/B can only operate the content and the zone state of display part, address.If explicit address is two, indication range is 00--99, and the start address shows Unit 00, B district.When we allow the address show Unit 25, B district, press address key 2 and 5 two keys get final product.Because the method that moves to left is by turn adopted in this display part, machine address, is shown as Unit 02 by address behind 2 keys, could show Unit 25 by behind 5 keys again.Next we allow the address show Unit 26, can be with obtaining by address key 2 and 6 liang of keys.Also can obtain with the following method: by+1 key, the address shows Unit 26 immediately when showing Unit 25 in the address.The A/B key is A district and B district options button, showing Unit 26, B district, checks that Unit 26, A district get final product by this key, is showing that time zone, A district Warning Mark d section is bright, and the d section is gone out when showing the B district.+ 1 key ,-1 key can add the address displaying contents 1 or subtract 1.More convenient when as seen selecting the neighbor address display unit with+1 or-1 key.In selecting address function, no matter still be in A district one of the every demonstration of B regional address to fixing a number, the data of this address location just are read out and are presented at data display unit.Data display unit is 0 when countless as this address location.To the read number of a certain address, owing to there has been this number in the machine, when address modification, no longer store, in other words the number that only changes and read is just stored during address change.And only the number that shows of storage is as carrying out 4*5*8 at 01 address location, and this moment, 01 address location was shown as 8, by+1 key then 01 address location only with 8 storages rather than 160.There is not ad hoc A/B key in this circuit, with pressing three "=" keys for it.

2 data buttons

0--9. totally 11.Numerical key 0-9 and radix point bond energy the data display unit content of location display unit are over the ground operated, and operation is identical with the GENERAL TYPE counter with procedure for displaying.

3 function buttons

The H key: this key is the summation key, add up by its whole addresses cell data before with same district explicit address behind this key, itself and be placed on this explicit address unit.As explicit address is 26, by behind this key the data accumulation of 00-25 address location being got up, itself and be presented on 26 address locations, the data of former Unit 26 are substituted, other location contents is constant.Referring to calculated example 1.

The MM key: A district and the corresponding addition key in each unit, B district, by at first the non-data storage of reading of display unit being got off behind this key, A district and the corresponding one by one addition of the whole identical address cell datas in B district then, itself and be placed on identical address unit, A district.As there being a unit addition to overflow in 100 unit, all unit all can not addition, and address portion showed and overflowed the unit this moment, and data division shows " E ", stores by the MM key after will overflowing processing again.With the whole unit zero clearing of B district, for following input is prepared, the address showed Unit 00, B district after data storage was intact, and data presentation 0 is invalid by this key when D key and P key function.Referring to calculated example 2.

The D key: use the address calculation key, this key can be to the mutual computing of some address locations arbitrarily of same district.Be decided to be by the address display unit before the D key and deposit the operation result unit.Whenever by the once-through operation function symbol key+,-, * ,/, the shown data of address display unit before this symbolic key are the significant figure that participates in computing, and carry out arithmetic by given arithmetic mode and the number deposited in the operation result unit, show its operation result element address and data content then.It is invalid by data key to enter after the D key function, withdraws from this kind mode of operation by behind "=" key.Referring to calculated example 4.

The P key: this key is direct addition key, and is bright by a section of the 3rd charactron on the display behind this key.Entering after this key function is to be sign to change memory unit address, and the non-data of reading of B regional address display unit directly are added in the A district of identical address unit mutually.The number of being read by address location is the cumulative number in A district, temporarily is presented at the B district, in the B district, enters or withdraw from this function all with this key and to A district and each the unit zero clearing of B district by the data presentation of keyboard input.There is not ad hoc this key in the present embodiment, with pressing three ". " keys for it, referring to calculated example 5.

The AC key: reset key, by the whole unit zero clearing in A district behind this key and the B district, state is non-direct phase add mode and carries out CC key function that the address shows Unit 00, B district, data presentation 0.There is not ad hoc this key in the present embodiment, with pressing " D " and "+" two keys simultaneously for it.

The CC key: B district reset key, by B district whole unit zero clearing behind this key, and carry out CE key functional address demonstration Unit 00, B district, data presentation 0.There is not ad hoc this key in the present embodiment, with pressing " CE " and "/" two keys simultaneously for it.

The CE key: the cls key, by behind this key only the data display unit content show 0, other is constant.

=key: the number of equaling key: calculate end key, when entering D key function, can withdraw from the D function with this key.

+ ,-: * ,/key: the computing function key, identical with the GENERAL TYPE calculator function, continuously by last import effective of several keys.

Illustrate difference with the prior art and advantage below:

Example more than 1 numbers connect and add summation is 220+35+50+15+70=390

Start or the rear calculating that resets: the step operation address show data show 1 usefulness data key import 220 00 220 2 by address key+1 01 03 usefulness data keies import 35 01 35 4 by address key+1 02 05 usefulness data keies import 50 02 50 6 by address key+1 03 07 usefulness data keies defeated 15 03 15 8 by address key+1 04 09 usefulness data keies import 70 04 70 10 by address key+1 05 0 11 by function key H 05 390

So far calculate to finish,,, just can see 03 address location data by this key once again just only need can see 04 address location data by address key-1 as view procedure, with address button 0-9 ,+1 ,-1, the A/B key can check each address location data.In fact this kind operation has write down the overall process of additional calculation, as for subtraction and plus-minus hybrid operation, only needs symbol on the data tape of each address location is got final product.The symbol of data shows with the g segment table of the 3rd charactron on the display, and is bright for negative, do not work to just.This machine does not have the data symbol key, and the negative input can adopt computing method " 0-50="-50 to realize, with reference to routine down.

Find out that from last example this invention can write down plus-minus method and calculate overall process.

When finding that in inspection certain number is wrong, only need this number is revised, needn't be from the first step.As the 7th the step should import data 150, amending method is as follows: press address key 0 and 3 back address demonstration 03, data display unit shows 15, with data key input 150, press address key 0 and 5 back address demonstration 05, data display unit shows former addition result 390, next press the H key, this moment, the address showed 05, data presentation 525, and modification finishes.

This example also can be calculated with the following method. start or rear selection 25 address locations that reset calculate: the step operation address show data show 1 by address key 2 02 02 by address key 5 25 03 usefulness data keies input 220 25 220 4 by function key+25 220 5 usefulness data keies input 35 25 35 6 by function key+25 255 7 usefulness data keies input 50 25 50 8 by function key+25 305 9 usefulness data keies input 15 25 15 10 by function key+25 320 11 usefulness data keies input 70 25 70 12 by function key+or=25 390

Find out that from a kind of computing method in example 1 back as long as selected address location, computation process and GENERAL TYPE counter are as broad as long, can perform the four operations.People are not difficult to expect that this is not the set of 100 counters, really so.Can select an address location to carry out again as also doing other calculating.This kind function has solved existing counter intermediate data when meeting branch's calculating need be recorded in other local problem.

Example 2: trimestral form is gathered the quarterly report table

Be provided with 1--3 month form, 5 data are arranged in every table, form is as follows

January table 220 35 50 15 70

February table 190 60 40 90 20

March table 180 30 80

Season table 590 125 90 105 170

Calculate the start or the back that resets:

The 1st step to the 9th step is identical with example 1 preceding a kind of calculating operation method.

The 10th step showed Unit 00, B district, data presentation 0 by address behind the function key MM

Finish to this first table input, and be added in each corresponding address unit, A district mutually, and, continue operation the zero clearing of B district.

The 1--10 step in second table handling step and first form is identical except that data, so 11--20 is gone on foot omission.Second table input finishes, and is added in each corresponding address unit, A district mutually, and with the zero clearing of B district, continues operation.Step operation address video data shows

21 usefulness data keies import 180 00 180

22 press address key+1 01 0

23 usefulness data keies import 30 01 30

24 press address key 0 10 0

25 press address key 4 04 0

26 usefulness data keies import 80 04 80

27 by function key MM 00 0

The 3rd table input finishes, and is added in each corresponding address unit, A district mutually, and with the zero clearing of B district, continues operation.

We select the A district to see the quarterly report table, operate as follows: step operation address video data shows

28 indicate bright 590 by A/B key 00 d

29 indicate bright 125 by function key+1 01 d

30 indicate bright 90 by function key+1 02 d

31 indicate bright 105 by function key+1 03 d

32 indicate bright 170 by function key+1 04 d

In example 2 if no more than 100 of every month form data all can disposablely import.Can gather year form or other form with the method.From finding out that form input earlier in every month is at each address location of B district, by being added in each corresponding address unit, A district behind the MM key mutually, data input back can be checked before not by the MM key on every form, errors excepted can revise by the method in the example 1, presses the storage of MM key after the modification again.Cumulative number in the A district can be checked at any time.

From example 2, see having reduced when the consolidated statement than prior art counter and browse the number of times of form repeatedly, accelerated to gather speed with counter of the present invention.

The calculating of example 3 money tables

Be provided with following 3 people's payroll, everyone payroll is made up of 5 parts

A B C D E adds up to

Zhang San 220 35 50 15 70 390

Li Si 190 60 40 90 20 400

The king 5 180 30 80 290

Accumulative total 590 125 90 105 170 1080

If we also regard a number that provides in advance to total number as this example, calculating method of summary and example 2 that so should table be basic identical, more than only in every form a total number.In fact to a certain address location, it is as broad as long calculating a number K and directly importing this number K.One of this characteristic feature of an invention is retained in the explicit address unit with the data display unit content exactly, and no matter the data display unit content is what how to be come.But first method in this example in the total number use-case 1 is tried to achieve.

We see that gathering this table of calculating with counter of the present invention has saved vertical computation process, can be described as and gets twice the result with half the effort from example 3.

The surrogate data method computing of storage data units address is promptly used in the example 4 same districts mutual computing in arbitrary address unit.

If it is that 00--05 unit, address has number to be that each storage data units of this machine has by the data after example 1 operation:220 35 50 15 70 390; Now calculate 00 address date-02 address date+05 address date=65 address dates with this invention calculator, namely 220-50+390=560 step operation address shows that data show that 1 press address key 6 and 5 65 02 and press address key 0 and 0 00 220 4 by function key D 65 03 and press address key 0 and 2 02 50 6 by function key-65 220 5 and press function key+65 170 7 and press address key 0 and 5 05 390 8 and press function key=65 560

In this example 42 steps of address button operation were combined into for 1 step, to save length.

Find out that from example 4 this function can be used for the form some cell data and other cell data and the arithmetic relation is arranged or meets and use when branch is calculated.When some data bits more for a long time, need repeatedly to calculate, clearly with this function calculating advantage with these numbers.

Example 5 vouchers gather mode

13 of existing following voucher documents divide i.e. five subjects of ABCDE five classes.If voucher is with data order bookbinding from small to large, we represent a subject among the ABCDE successively with the 00--04 address location.

A B C D E

220 35 50 15 70

190 60 40 90 20

180 30 80

Accumulative total 590 125 90 105 170

Press reset key AC after the start; Pressing the P key makes it enter direct phase add mode again; a,： 1 03 03 0 2 15 03 15 3 04 04 0 4 20 04 20 5 01 01 0 6 30 01 30 7 01 01 30 8 35 01 35 9 02 02 0 10 40 02 40 11 02 02 40 12 50 02 50 13 01 01 65 14 60 01 60 15 04 04 20 16 70 04 70 17 04 04 90 18 80 04 80 19 03 03 15 20 90 03 90 21 00 00 0 22 180 00 180 23 00 00 180 24 190 00 190 25 00 00 370 26 220 00 220

Finish to this input, check that the result selects appropriate address unit, A district.As operation: step operation address video data shows that 27 press address key 00 00 590 28 and press address key+1 01 125 29 and press address key+1 02 90 30 and press address key+1 03 105 31 and press address key+1 04 170

Enter this mode, a section indication of the 3rd charactron of display is bright, withdraws from the indication of this mode a section and goes out.Change in proper order as binding voucher, operating process is basic identical.

Find out that from example 5 on behalf of subject, this kind will gather document with address location and import corresponding subject corresponding unit one by one, be similar to 100 counters and operate simultaneously.In use very convenient, and the existing counter of this kind function does not have.

More than the computing of can interosculating of 5 examples, as in example 2, carrying out example 1 or example 4 functions.

We know that general counter has the storage unit that adds up, and can read and write its content with RM, M+, M-key.If each address display unit of counter of the present invention is also increased this function, 100 storage unit so also should be arranged.These 100 storage unit and A district, B district storage data units are had any different.Its each storage unit computing mutually can only be read and write or addition this unit when showing its address.Increase and to store a plurality of cargo prices simultaneously after this function or constant calculates.

The drawing explanation of accompanying drawing

Fig. 1: circuit block diagram of the present invention

Fig. 2: keyboard of the present invention and display plane figure

Fig. 3: microprocessor, program storage, data-carrier store, keyboard electrical schematic diagram

Fig. 4: display driver circuit, display electrical schematic diagram

Fig. 5: program flow diagram of the present invention

(1) display part, address among Fig. 2, (2) state Warning Mark, (3) data display unit, (4) address function button, (5) function button and data manipulation button.

IC1 is 8039 among Fig. 3, and IC2 is 74LS373, and IC3 is 2764, and IC4 is 6116, and IC5 is 74LS74, and P is the 4MHZ crystal oscillator, and C1 is 1uF, and C2 is 22P, and C3 is 5P; K11--K18, K21--K28, K31--K38, K41--K48 are the TP801 button; The circle graph in the lower right corner is the button connection diagram of an amplification in the keyboard.L1--L13 is and Fig. 4 connecting line.

IC6 is 74LS154 among Fig. 4, and IC7, IC8, IC9 are 74LS244, and D1, D2 are IN4001, and 1--8R is 12 Europe, and 1--14LED is LC5021-11, and L1--L13 is the connecting line with Fig. 3.

Rhombus among Fig. 5 is the program branches place, γ--be N--is non-.

The hardware configuration of this invention circuit:

In conjunction with Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 narration, IC1 in this enforcement circuit (8039) is 8 single-chip microcomputers, 40 pins are arranged, wherein power lead is 3, two of crystal oscillator signal wires, 27 and 8 control lines of I/O line, P1 and P2 mouth all are 8 accurate bidirectional interfaces, their output has the signal latch function, promptly exports again before the new signal, and data remain unchanged always on the mouth.8039 bus is the bidirectional bus of address and data time-sharing multiplex, random access memory is 128 bytes in the sheet of 8039 store data, and the maximum data addressing range is 256 bytes, above needing after 256 bytes with P1 or P2 mouth extended address line, circuit such as arithmetic unit, programmable counter are arranged in 8039.8039 oscillation frequency is by the 4MHZ crystal oscillator that connects on 2,3 pin and 5P, the decision of 22P electric capacity, and the 1uF electric capacity that 4 pin connect is used to start shooting and 8039 resets.Because the least-significant byte of 8039 addresses and bus adopt the timesharing way of output, so necessary access address latch IC2 latch address signal on hardware, so IC2 is incorporated in microcontroller circuit, IC9 segment signal output control terminal 1C, 2C control through IC5 indirectly by 8039, so IC5 also incorporates in the microcontroller circuit.This circuit is referred to as microprocessor with IC1, IC2, IC5 and peripheral cell C1, C2, C3, P.Program storage in this circuit is IC3, because IC3 (2764) A12 pin ground connection is equivalent to 2732.Data-carrier store in this circuit is IC4, and it is the deposit data part among fruiting area A and the working area B.In this circuit by IC6--IC9, D1, D2,1--8R, constitute display driver circuit, IC6 is a 4--16 line code translator, and IC7--IC9 is a driving circuit, and diode D1, D2 form logic sum gate, the 3rd LED position control signal is provided, and 8 resistance are the brightness of control light-emitting diode display.1--14LED constitutes the display of this circuit, LED charactron inside is made up of 7 bar shaped light emitting diodes and a little round spot light emitting diode, begin to be followed successively by in the direction of the clock a, b, c, d, e, f section from a last crosspiece of charactron " day " font, middle one horizontal be the g section, little round spot is DP, and 3 pin of LED and 8 pin are the public negative pole COM of light emitting diode.Preceding two digital pipes are used to show that the address of storage data units is the display part, address in this circuit, and g section and back 11 digital pipes in the 3rd charactron are used to show that the content of storage data units is a data display unit.It is the state Warning Mark that a section in the 3rd charactron and d section are used for the state indication, and epimere a is direct addition indication, and bright be direct phase add mode, does not work to be that non-direct phase add mode, stage casing g are the data symbol indication, bright for bearing, and does not work to just; Hypomere d is zone state indication, brightly is the A district, and not working is the B district.Keyboard is by K11--K18, K21--K28, K31--K38, K41--K48 constitutes, code name K11, K12, K13, K21, K22, K23, K31, K32, K33, K41, K42, K43 is presentation address button 1 successively, 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,-1,0, + 1, code name K16, K17, K18, K26, K27, K28, K36, K37, K38, K46, K47, K48 represents data button 1 successively, 2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0,.,=, code name K14, K24, K34, K44 is presentation function key D successively, MM, H, CE, code name K15, K25, K35, K45 successively the presentation function key+,-, *, /.Power supply is by 5V direct current supply.The inboard letter of integrated circuit is the pin function of this circuit among Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, and outside numeral is the profile pin of this circuit.This circuit is mixed 8039 machine code target programs and is got final product work, and the connection of each device is referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4.

Below the relation of data memory addresses and explicit address is introduced.

11 integers of the maximum demonstration of this machine data are converted into binary number with this number and will take 40 i.e. 5 bytes.As its 16 carry system codes of 1,000,000,000 these numbers is 02540BE400, and this is a mantissa, and the exponent (record scaling position) of this number also will take a byte, and each demonstration number will be deposited with 6 bytes like this, takies three address wires.Make things convenient in order to programme this machine with these 3 address wires can addressing 8 bytes deposit one and show number.This machine explicit address is two integers, indication range 00--99.These 100 storage unit will could be represented with 7 binary codes, because the branch in A district and B district is arranged, add one and be used to distinguish A district and B district before the 7th binary code.Like this with 8 binary codes promptly byte represent the address location that shows.In sum, determining 8 bits by explicit address value and zone state earlier is basic address, then mends three zero in this number back, is start address value with this number, uses 8 continuous ram memory cells that begin from this address to deposit the content of a video data.8 address ram unit that are used to deposit a video data as 0,000 0101 000-0000,0,101 111 expression B district, 05 address display unit.1,000 1001 000-10001001,111 expression A districts, 09 address display unit is used to deposit 8 address ram unit of a video data, in other words the address is divided 3 sections, first section district's indicating bit accounts for 1, second section accounts for 7 for the explicit address position, the 3rd section for the data content position accounts for 3, and 11 binary codes are corresponding with RAM6116 A10--A0 address altogether.The storage data units indication range in B district is 00--99, is that 0,000 0000 000-0110 0,011 111 is corresponding with 6116 data memory addresses.The storage data units indication range in A district is 00--99, is that 1,000 0000 000-1110 0,011 111 are corresponding with 6116 data memory addresses.

The principle of work of this invention circuit:

Start working after this machine energising, 8039 program addressing ranges are 4K, be with 12 address wires.Its high 4 bit address lines are exported by P20--P23, and the least-significant byte address wire is exported by bus, latch with 74LS373, and the address signal of 74LS373 output is received on 2764 the A0--A11 address wire, by the instruction output of 8039 controls 2764 with P20--P23 like this.8039 elder generations are sent the A10--A8 of address by P26--P24 to the data memory read operation time, and the least-significant byte address wire is exported by bus, latchs and exports with 74LS373.8039 output control signals make RAM6116 be in the state of reading then, the memory cell content that address instruction is made an accurate selection of is delivered on the bus, and sent in the totalizer.8039 send the back with the address content in the totalizer are delivered on the bus when carrying out write operation, send control signal corresponding then and make RAM6116 be in write state, and the content on the bus is written to designated memory locations.Connect referring to Fig. 3 about the circuit between the IC1--IC4.8039 before the output displaying contents, P27 exports electronegative potential, PROG output negative pulse makes the 1Q end output electronegative potential of IC5 d type flip flop, opening IC9 makes segment signal export to display, output shows that finishing back P27 exports noble potential, PROG output negative pulse makes the 1Q end output noble potential of IC5 d type flip flop, and IC9 is closed.Variation (as closed button) at IC9 down periods P10--P17 just can not influence the LED demonstration like this.After driving circuit IC7, IC8 export, exported by driving circuit IC9 by segment signal with the 8039 P24--P27 binary digit control signal interpretations of exporting for decoding scheme 74LS154.Display adopts the dynamic scan display mode, and single-chip microcomputer is the position selected control system signal of a light-emitting diode display of the section of sending control signal and correspondence successively, and display led circulates one by one and lights.Selecting sweep velocity to utilize human eye vision to persist effect makes and looks that as showing at the same time in fact display has only 1 LED in demonstration constantly at each.Having one group of register 50--5E to be used to deposit whole display contents in 8039 internal RAM, is the buffer zone of displaying contents, and program will content displayed be sent among the 50--5E, sends demonstration with dynamic scan mode then.Key on this circuit keyboard is a kind of pushbutton switch of often opening, and two of key contacts are in off-state at ordinary times, and these two contacts are by short circuit during closed key.Key on the keyboard is arranged in matrix form on the intersection point of alignment P10--P17 and line P24--P27, and two contacts of key are connected on respectively on the alignment and line of this key position.8039 earlier to alignment P10--P17 output high level, successively to line P24--P27 send low level thereafter, the level signal of testing each alignment P10--P17 is simultaneously judged the closed situation of key, then among the P10--P17 low level must be arranged if any the key closure, on behalf of contents such as what order or data, closed key discern processing by software.

The low nibble of 50,51 registers is used to deposit ten and units value of explicit address among the register 50--5E of display buffer, 52 registers are used to deposit the mark of show state, the B7 position is as being 1 direct phase add mode, it is 0 non-direct phase add mode, the B0 position is as being 1 to be shown as A regional address unit, is 0 to be shown as B regional address unit.53 registers are used to deposit the video data symbol, and this content of registers is 0 video data for just, and non-0 video data is for negative, and the low nibble of 11 registers of 54--5E is used to deposit video data, and 52 and 53 two shared LED of register show.8039 become the content in the 50--5E register of display buffer into intuitively shows signal by the output of segment signal output terminal P1 mouth when carrying out display routine, and show.

After the energising, CPU carries out initialization, and this machine master routine is by keyboard scan program and dynamically reading scan program loop execution then.When keyboard has key closed, change corresponding inlet over to, enter again in this circulation master routine, behind the execution branched program referring to Fig. 5.

As P key on the keyboard when closed, carry out after the AC key function B7 position 1 in 52 registers, when closed P key once more,, carry out AC key function and withdraw from P key function B7 position 0.After A/B key closure in the keyboard, B0 in 52 registers to be negated the position and with the address that this moment, 50,51,52 registers were determined data read demonstration, program is done respective handling according to B7 in 52 registers and B0 position situation with data when showing that number is handled.

Narrate the course of work of this machine with address button 3 closed situations below.

Turn to its branched program after 8039 feature codes that obtain its this key from the keyboard scan program are judged behind the closed address key, at first key assignments is memorized, judge then and show whether number is read number, then no longer store in this way and enter read routine, as not being that read number is carried out the poke program, the address in 50,51 registers is become binary code, next the B7 position in 52 registers is judged, as B7 is 1, directly the phase add mode.Demonstration number in the 53-5E register is become machine code and this explicit address unit number in the external RAM A district is read into to carry out addition among 8039 RAM in the RAM of 8039 inside, its result still is placed on this explicit address unit, A district, then changes read routine over to.As the B7 position is 0, and non-direct phase add mode judges to the B0 position in 52 registers that further B0 is 1, and the machine code that shows number is placed on this explicit address unit, A district.B0 is 0, and the machine code that shows number is placed on this explicit address unit, B district, changes read routine over to.After entering read routine, numerical value in 51 registers is sent in 50 registers, to remember key assignments and take out, and put into 51 registers, be that data are read the address with the numerical value in this moment 50,51 registers, next the content in 52 registers is judged, as non-0 (directly phase add mode or be shown as the A district) this number of display elements of A district is read in 8039 internal RAM, as be 0, this number of display elements of B district is read in 8039 internal RAM, become decimal number, send in the 53--5E register.Go back in the master routine by branched program at last, the content in the 50--5E register is shown.

When button A/B was closed, the poke process was identical, and reading process is that elder generation shows that to the address most significant digit A10 negates (may be 0, also may be 1), reads in number among the RAM in 8039 internal RAM and the output demonstration as given start address.

When the remaining address button was closed, the data write process was basic identical.

The closed situation of data button and function button is basic identical with general counter process.

Each keypress function as previously mentioned.

This circuit is a kind of implementation method of the present invention, and it is multiple to realize that circuit of the present invention has, and introducing a kind of its model of single-chip microcomputer of being produced by Korea S Samsung below is KS56C821.This Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) program storer is 8, and data-carrier store is 4, and 100 pins are arranged.Internal circuit has circuit parts such as program ROM 8192*8, data RAM 5120*4, display random access memory 108*5, LCD driving, timer, interruption, power down protection.Its LCD liquid crystal display drive circuit can drive 540 sections LCD and show.The program mask that designs in this singlechip chip, is only connected keyboard and LCD display and can finish designing requirement of the present invention.Particulars about single-chip microcomputer KS56C821 can be referring to " Fundamentals of Mono-Chip Computers ﹠ Applications ", publishing house of Fudan University, April nineteen ninety-five first published.

A of the present invention district B district data storage element can expand to 1000 unit, also can be reduced into 10 unit, the display part, address also becomes 3 or 1 thereupon, display can or once show a few line data modes with the LCD dot matrix, this machine can design is with printer, and data in the machine are printed.The present invention can also increase other function of existing counter such as function of pronunciation, function performance, value added tax function etc.When design software various functions are together designed into, it is more convenient only need to increase or reduce several buttons like this when changing product category.More for a long time,, address button and data button can be merged into one group in number of keys, with an options button difference in order to reduce volume.

Be the machine code program of this circuit 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Claims (5)

1. electronic calculator that shows storage data units, form by microprocessor, program storage, data-carrier store, display driver circuit, display, keyboard and power supply, it is characterized by: its data-carrier store is made of fruiting area A and working area B two parts, and there is the storage data units of equal number in these two districts; Its display also is useful on display part, address and the state Warning Mark that shows selected storage data units except that the data display unit that general counter is arranged; Its keyboard also is useful on button and one group of address button that is used to select the arbitrary storage data units in A district and B district of mutual computing between the storage data units except that the button that general counter is arranged; When selecting storage data units, the two states of Warning Mark has determined two kinds of processing modes of video data on the display, a kind of storage data address unit that shows before the variation that is recorded in for the data on the display, another kind of for the data on the display directly are added in identical address unit, A district mutually, demonstrate address location after selecting and the data in this unit after video data handled; The data of continuation address unit, same district can be sued for peace with a key addition; Each address location data can replace carrying out arithmetic with explicit address; Address location in each demonstration can carry out arithmetic.

2. the electronic calculator according to the described demonstration storage data units of claim 1. is characterized by: the A in the data-carrier store, B two districts form by 100 storage data units, these two districts are distinguished with the zone state Warning Mark, and the address indication range of their storage data units all is 00--99.

3. the electronic calculator according to the described demonstration storage data units of claim 1. is characterized by: its display is made of 14 transversely arranged LED charactrons, wherein preceding two digital pipes are used to show the address of storage data units, d section in the 3rd charactron is used for the zone state Warning Mark, the a section is used for direct phase add mode Warning Mark, and g section and back 11 digital pipes are used to show the content of storage data units.

4. the electronic calculator according to the described demonstration storage data units of claim 1. is characterized by: its keyboard by the address button 0-9 that selects storage data units ,+1 ,-1, A/B and be used for A district and the whole identical address cell datas in the B district button MM of corresponding addition one by one; Be used for button H since 00 continuation address cell data addition; The data that are used for explicit address unit, B district are sign to change the storage data units address, directly are added in the button P in the identical address A district mutually; The button D that is used for A district or the mutual computing of each address location of B district; Be used to remove the button AC in A district, B district; Be used to remove the button CC in B district and general counter button 0-9. ,+,-, * ,/,=, CE constitutes.

5. the electronic calculator according to claim 1. and 3. described demonstration storage data units is characterized by: two of data kinds of processing modes are distinguished by Warning Mark a section on the display.

Images