CN114488915A - Processing method for abnormal reset of MCU and electric energy meter for realizing method - Google Patents
Processing method for abnormal reset of MCU and electric energy meter for realizing method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
- G05B19/0423—Input/output
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R22/00—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
- G01R22/06—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
- G01R22/061—Details of electronic electricity meters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R22/00—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
- G01R22/06—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
- G01R22/061—Details of electronic electricity meters
- G01R22/063—Details of electronic electricity meters related to remote communication
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/20—Pc systems
- G05B2219/24—Pc safety
- G05B2219/24215—Scada supervisory control and data acquisition
Abstract
A processing method for abnormal reset of an MCU (microprogrammed control Unit) and an electric energy meter for realizing the method relate to the technical field of intelligent electric energy meters, in particular to a method for uploading data information and recovering electricity utilization information in the electric energy meter under the condition of abnormal reset of the electric energy meter and the electric energy meter for realizing the method, wherein the method comprises the following steps: an operation monitoring meter MSG is established in the electric energy meter, and the events of entering operation and exiting of a module are recorded; detecting a vibration stopping event and generating reset interruption, and storing field data; and after the program is reset, reporting the field data to the main station and recovering the data. By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the fault can be found and reported in time; the electric energy meter can process faults in time, has a certain data recovery function and is more fair in metering and charging; the master station stores reset fault information which comprises the ID of a module running when a fault occurs and the ID of a module running before, and provides a basis for solving subsequent rectification; meanwhile, the problem of electricity stealing is solved to a certain extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent electric energy meters, in particular to a method for uploading data information and recovering electricity utilization information in an electric energy meter under the condition of abnormal resetting of the electric energy meter and the electric energy meter for realizing the method.
Background
Since 2009, the national grid company has promoted the development of smart grids, and as sensing devices at the tail ends of smart grids, smart electric energy meters have been installed in 4.5 hundred million, which covers over 99% of electricity consumers, through several generations of changes.
In the whole life cycle, by monitoring the operation of the intelligent electric energy meter, the following phenomena are found to occur frequently:
1. and (4) returning or clearing the electric quantity. When the electric energy meter is powered off once, the power is powered on again to find that the decimal place of the electric quantity is lost, the electric quantity is less than the electric quantity which is read out last time by the decimal place, or the power is powered on again after the power is off once, and the electric quantity is directly reset. In addition, under the condition of normal power-on, the electric quantity decimal number, namely the pulse mantissa is lost or cleared.
2. The time is chaotic. Errors in time occur in the electric energy meter, which results in that the data related to the storage and the time scale are totally confused, but the day timing error of the real-time clock is correct.
3. Some key parameters or states are in error. Such as time interval rate error, fee-controlled switching state error, etc.
After the meter is disassembled, analysis shows that the electric energy meter works normally, and the fault phenomena can not reappear under the condition of a laboratory, and it is speculated from the principle that the MCU reset or the RTC crystal oscillator stop oscillation occurs in the operation process of the electric energy meter.
The reasons for MCU reset or RTC crystal oscillation stop are many:
1. the electric energy meter batch faults, hardware or software have design defects, the laboratory environment test has no problems, and MCU reset or RTC crystal oscillator vibration stop frequently occurs in batches when the field environment operates.
2. When electromagnetic interference on site is very large, MCU reset or RTC crystal oscillation stop occurs.
3. And (3) artificial interference, namely using interference equipment to steal electricity to interfere normal work of the electric energy meter, wherein if the MCU is always in a halt state or the RTC crystal oscillator is always in a stop oscillation state under the interference condition, the MCU is not recovered, and when an interference source disappears, the electric energy meter recovers normal work.
The result is:
1. if the MCU is reset or the RTC crystal oscillator has stopped oscillating once, part of the electric quantity may be lost, subsequent normal metering may occur, or a time error, a rate error and the like may occur, and since the current period sensed by the master station is generally 1 day, that is, the metering and charging are inaccurate in this day, which affects the fairness of the metering and charging.
2. If the faults occur for multiple times in one day, the probability is that the hardware faults of the electric energy meter occur, because the sensing period of the main station is generally 1 day, the main station senses the faults through big data analysis, the faults are likely to be delayed for one day or more, the loss of a user is large at the moment, and even if the meter is disassembled and analyzed, the problem cannot be judged, and a basis cannot be provided for subsequent rectification and modification.
If the maintenance time of the fault is long, the power stealing possibly exists, and when the fault is checked on site, the fault cannot be found, so that whether the power stealing exists cannot be judged, and evidence cannot be provided for law enforcement of the power stealing.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical current situation, the invention provides a method for detecting the state of an electric energy meter in real time, recovering at least part of information after the electric energy meter is reset, and reporting an event.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a processing method for abnormal reset of an MCU is realized based on a main station and an electric energy meter and comprises the following steps,
A. an operation monitoring meter MSG is established in the electric energy meter, and each module enters operation and exits operation, and module ID, operation entering and exiting events are recorded;
B. when a vibration stopping event is detected, a vibration stopping mark and the current time in the electric energy meter are saved, the electric energy meter actively reports vibration stopping event faults and MSG information to a master station, and the system is switched to an internal clock; when crystal oscillation is detected, reporting an event and switching to a crystal oscillator;
C. when detecting the interrupt information generating reset, writing the MSG information, the current time information and the register information into a nonvolatile memory;
reading the electric quantity which is not accumulated, and writing the electric quantity which is not accumulated into the nonvolatile memory if the check value is correct; if the verification is incorrect, calculating the time difference between the current time and the last stored electric energy, and writing the current voltage, current and power factor into the nonvolatile memory together;
D. after the program is reset, reading the data stored in the step C, reporting the data to the master station, and executing a data recovery step E;
E. the method comprises the following steps:
e1, if the read data contains the non-accumulated electric quantity, accumulating the electric quantity to generate a corresponding electric energy accumulation event record and storing the corresponding electric energy accumulation event record in the nonvolatile memory, wherein the electric energy accumulation event record comprises: the electric energy accumulation event record is actively reported to a master station without accumulated electric quantity, electric energy accumulation time, module ID running before reset and reset information type;
e2, if the read data does not contain the non-accumulated electric quantity, calculating the time difference between the current time and the last stored electric energy, storing the current voltage, current and power factor, reading the frozen data of the latest 1 minute in the nonvolatile memory, recovering the current electric energy by using the frozen data, and actively reporting the calculated time difference to the master station;
F. and after the master station acquires the active reported information of the electric energy meter, judging that the fault is a vibration stopping event or a resetting event, positioning a module running when the fault occurs according to the module ID, and recording the fault type and the module.
The invention detects the running state of the crystal oscillator and the fault interruption which can cause the reset of the MCU in real time, when the situation occurs, the field data is recorded to the nonvolatile memory, the recorded field data is recovered after the MCU is reset, and the recorded field data is uploaded to the master station, thereby providing a first-hand material for analyzing the fault reason.
The invention also provides an electric energy meter for implementing the method.
Has the advantages that: by adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the fault can be found and reported in time; the electric energy meter can process faults in time, has a certain data recovery function and is more fair in metering and charging; the master station stores reset fault information, wherein the fault information comprises the ID of a module which is running when a fault occurs and the ID of a module which is running before, and provides a basis for solving the subsequent rectification; meanwhile, the problem of electricity stealing is solved to a certain extent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a logic diagram of an electric energy meter detecting interruption and vibration deactivation events;
fig. 2 is a process flow diagram of the master station.
Detailed Description
The current MCU generally has a reset flag register to record the reason of the reset. For a FM33a048 chip with a double denier micro chip, the reset flag register is shown in the following table:
TABLE 1 reset flag register
Table 2 reset flag register functional description
In addition, a vibration stopping information register is also arranged, and the following table is shown:
TABLE 3 STOP DETECTION INTERRUPTION MARKER
TABLE 4 Shake detection interrupt flag register functional description
The invention utilizes the resources of the MCU to detect the running state and carry out corresponding processing.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides a processing method for abnormal reset of an MCU, which is implemented based on a master station and an electric energy meter, and includes the following steps.
A. An operation monitoring meter MSG is established in the electric energy meter, and each module enters operation and exits operation, and records module ID, and operation entering and exiting events.
An ID number is assigned to each program module, and when each module enters and exits, the module ID, entry operation and exit events are recorded. The event log includes the time of entry and exit from the run state, the size of the module usage stack, the number of times data is written to non-volatile memory, and the parameters of the module when it enters the run state.
The run time of the module can be calculated from the difference in time between entering and exiting the run state.
Recording the running time, analyzing whether the running times are similar or not according to a plurality of records aiming at one module, if the difference is more, judging that the module is possible to cause the module to be restarted by a watchdog, further judging the robustness of the module and proposing an improvement suggestion.
And counting the size of the used stack, analyzing whether the stack is normally used by the module, and judging that the module has hidden danger if the stack is used in an overrun mode.
Counting the times of writing data into the nonvolatile memory, analyzing the frequency of reading and writing data by the module, and because the nonvolatile memory such as flash, eeprom and the like has a writing limit, frequent writing can cause device loss and shorten the service life of the equipment. If a module with a high write frequency is found, an improvement suggestion can be made.
B. When a vibration stopping event is detected, a vibration stopping mark and the current time in the electric energy meter are saved, the electric energy meter actively reports vibration stopping event faults and MSG information to a master station, and the system is switched to an internal clock; and when the crystal oscillation is detected again, reporting an event and switching to the oscillator.
The MCU has two independent clocks, one is an external crystal oscillator, such as a 32.768KHz crystal oscillator, and the other is a high-speed main frequency (internal clock) of an internal RCH, which are not influenced by each other. Under normal conditions, an external crystal oscillator is used, and the precision is higher.
After the crystal oscillator stops oscillating, interruption can be generated, and the oscillation stop information register generates an oscillation stop flag bit. And reading the vibration stopping information register by the program, generating a vibration stopping event record and clearing the vibration stopping flag bit at the same time.
Because the crystal oscillator is possible to stop vibrating, in order to guarantee reliability, the vibration stopping detection module continuously detects the output of the 32.768KHz oscillator after enabling, once vibration stopping is found, alarm interruption is generated, meanwhile, the RTC clock is switched to the internal clock, a certain error exists when the RTC runs, but the RTC cannot stop, the precision of the clock source is lower than that of the external 32.768KHz, and communication and basic metering functions can be guaranteed. The program checks the register of the RTC every minute, and if the external 32.768KHz crystal oscillator is recovered to be normal, the external 32.768KHz crystal oscillator is switched to.
The accuracy of an internal clock is low, the clock has clock deviation of a second level in one day, a master station sends an oscillation-stopping calibration clock command at regular time after receiving the report of an external 32.768KHz crystal oscillation-stopping event, and an ammeter calibrates the current time after receiving the oscillation-stopping calibration time command and makes an oscillation-stopping calibration time event record so as to ensure the accuracy and traceability of the ammeter time.
And after receiving the oscillation recovery event of the crystal oscillator, the master station stops sending the oscillation stopping calibration clock command at fixed time and recovers to normal.
C. When the interrupt information generating reset is detected, the MSG information, the current time information and the register information are written into the nonvolatile memory. The registers include a reset flag register, a vibration-off information register, and a system register associated with the current operation.
In order to restore the parameters of the module after reset, the parameters of the currently running module are also written to the MSG in this embodiment before the MSG is written to the non-volatile memory.
Reading the electric quantity which is not accumulated, and writing the electric quantity which is not accumulated into the nonvolatile memory if the check value is correct; if the verification is incorrect, calculating the time difference between the current time and the last time of saving the electric energy, and writing the current voltage, current and power factor into the nonvolatile memory together.
The interrupt information for generating reset refers to interrupt information that causes reset of the CPU program, such as HardFault _ Handler, WDT _ IRQHandler, and the like. And after the interrupt information is detected, performing field protection processing in an interrupt processing program.
First, the MSG information, current time information, and register information are written into the nonvolatile memory.
The quantity of electricity which is not accumulated refers to the quantity of the electric energy which is measured by the electric energy meter from the time of the last time of storing the electric energy to the time of resetting the program, namely the current measured pulse mantissa.
After the program is reset, judging whether the power-on reset is normal or not, if so, normally operating, and not performing data recovery processing; if abnormal reset is not performed, two steps are performed: information uploading and information recovery.
And (3) information uploading: D. and C, reading the data stored in the step C, and reporting the data to the master station.
And (3) information recovery: comprises two steps.
E1, if the read data contains the non-accumulated electric quantity, accumulating the electric quantity to generate a corresponding electric energy accumulation event record and storing the corresponding electric energy accumulation event record in the nonvolatile memory, wherein the electric energy accumulation event record comprises: and actively reporting the electric energy accumulation event record to a master station without accumulated electric quantity, electric energy accumulation time, module ID (identity) running before resetting and reset information type.
E2, if the read data does not contain the non-accumulated electric quantity, calculating the time difference between the current time and the last stored electric energy, storing the current voltage, current and power factor, reading the frozen data of the last 1 minute in the nonvolatile memory, recovering the current electric energy by using the frozen data, and actively reporting the calculated time difference to the master station.
The freezing defaults to freezing once data in 15 minutes, wherein the data comprises the current forward active electric energy and the reverse active electric energy. Due to the limitation of the writing times of the nonvolatile memory, the current electric energy is stored for 1 time after being full of electricity or more than 2 hours. If the current forward electric quantity is less than the forward electric quantity frozen in the minutes, replacing the forward electric quantity frozen in the minutes; the same is true for the reverse charge.
F. The master station acquires active reported information of the electric energy meter, judges whether the fault is a vibration-off event or a reset event, positions a module which runs when the fault occurs according to the module ID, and records the fault type and the module.
And the master station compares the two received module parameters (the module parameter entering the operation and the module parameter during the resetting) in the MSG, if the verification information is correct, the two module parameters are compared with the parameter configuration file of the master station, the two module parameters are consistent and are not processed, if the two module parameters are inconsistent or the verification information is wrong, the operation parameter of the ammeter is represented to be wrong, and the master station sends the correct parameter configuration file.
The master station acquires the initial parameters corresponding to the modules from the configuration file in the initial operation stage and remotely issues the parameters of the modules to the electric energy meter.
The MSG initial content is all 0, and the default is the exit state. Entering the Nth module, setting the MSG as 0x55, exiting the module and recovering the MSG as 0x 00; and each module internally detects the operation parameters at regular time, namely whether the parameters loaded from the nonvolatile memory are consistent with the currently operated parameters, if the operation parameters are inconsistent due to a reset event, the operation parameters are reported to the master station in time to judge the fault type, the master station issues an instruction to load corresponding parameter coverage from the nonvolatile memory backup, and the occurrence time of the event is recorded.
After a reset event occurs, actively reporting the ID of the reset module; and after receiving the information, the master station analyzes and stores the fault record, if the same module has more than two faults, the master station considers that the program of the corresponding module has defects, and the master station performs dismantling maintenance through short message notification.
The reset event is caused by the program itself BUG, and may be caused by external strong electromagnetic interference.
And reporting the average power value to the main station after resetting for 15 minutes, and realizing the operation at step E2.
Since the electrical energy is wrong and unrecoverable in an abnormal situation, the current electrical energy can only be estimated to the maximum possible extent. The time without metering the electric quantity can be obtained, and the limit time is 15 minutes; and taking the average power of the last 15 minutes and the frozen power of the last minute, pre-estimating and calculating the power value of the unmeasured time period, calculating the lost electric energy, and reducing the loss.
In step E2, estimating the electric quantity which is not accumulated, and reporting to the master station; and the master station issues confirmation frame information if the data is reasonable, and the electric energy meter accumulates the estimated electric quantity after receiving the confirmation frame.
The estimated electric quantity is the product of power and time, the main station can read historical minute data of the first two days of the corresponding time period, if the power value is not more than 20% of the reported power value, the data is considered to be in accordance with normal distribution, the data is reasonable, and the calculated electric quantity is effective data.
And step F, if the issued parameters cannot be responded by the electric energy meter, the master station judges that suspicion of electricity stealing exists. The situation is basically artificial interference, interference equipment is used for electricity stealing, and the normal work of the electric energy meter is interfered.
In addition, the time period of electricity stealing is generally longer, the MCU resetting time caused by unexpected faults is shorter, and the master station can judge the occurrence of electricity stealing behavior according to the difference between the time generated by interruption and the resetting time of the electric energy meter.
The invention also provides an electric energy meter for realizing the functions of reporting the reset information and recovering the power utilization information based on the method.
In order to realize the functions, the electric energy meter comprises an MCU (micro control unit), a nonvolatile memory such as an eprom or a flash, and a monitoring meter MSG (minimum shift generator), an interruption monitoring module, an information storage module, an information reporting module, an information recovery module and an interaction module with a master station are arranged in the electric energy meter.
The monitoring table MSG records module ID, running entering and running exiting states, time, register information and other information.
The interrupt detection module is used for detecting a vibration stopping event and generating reset interrupt information.
The information storage module is used for writing the MSG information, the current time information and the register information into the nonvolatile memory when detecting the interrupt information generating reset; reading the electric quantity which is not accumulated, and writing the electric quantity which is not accumulated into the nonvolatile memory if the check value is correct; if the verification is incorrect, the time difference between the current time and the last time of saving the electric energy is calculated, and the current voltage, current and power factor are written into the nonvolatile memory together.
The information reporting module is used for storing the vibration stopping mark and the current time in the electric energy meter when a vibration stopping event is detected, the electric energy meter actively reports the vibration stopping event fault and the MSG information to the master station, and the system is switched to an internal clock; when the crystal oscillation is detected, reporting an event and switching to the crystal oscillator.
And after the program is reset, reading the data stored in the storage module and reporting the data to the master station.
The information recovery module is used for recovering data after the program is reset, and comprises:
if the read data contains the electric quantity which is not accumulated, the electric quantity which is not accumulated is accumulated to generate a corresponding electric energy accumulation event record which is stored in a nonvolatile memory, and the content of the electric energy accumulation event record comprises: actively reporting the electric energy accumulation event record to a master station without accumulated electric quantity, electric energy accumulation time, module ID running before reset and reset information type;
if the read data does not contain the electric quantity which is not accumulated, calculating the time difference between the current time and the last stored electric energy, storing the current voltage, current and power factor, reading the frozen data of the last 1 minute in the nonvolatile memory, recovering the current electric energy by using the frozen data, and actively reporting the calculated time difference to the master station.
And the interaction module with the master station realizes information reporting and receives the information issued by the master station.
And when the time is synchronized during the vibration stopping period, the original function of the electric energy meter is used for realizing.
Claims (9)
1. A processing method for abnormal reset of MCU is realized based on a main station and an electric energy meter, and is characterized by comprising the following steps,
A. an operation monitoring meter MSG is established in the electric energy meter, and each module enters operation and exits operation, and module ID, operation entering and exiting events are recorded;
B. when a vibration stopping event is detected, a vibration stopping mark and the current time in the electric energy meter are saved, the electric energy meter actively reports vibration stopping event faults and MSG information to a master station, and the system is switched to an internal clock; when crystal oscillation is detected, reporting an event and switching to a crystal oscillator;
C. when detecting the interrupt information generating reset, writing the MSG information, the current time information and the register information into a nonvolatile memory;
reading the electric quantity which is not accumulated, and writing the electric quantity which is not accumulated into the nonvolatile memory if the check value is correct; if the verification is incorrect, calculating the time difference between the current time and the last stored electric energy, and writing the current voltage, current and power factor into the nonvolatile memory together;
D. after the program is reset, reading the data stored in the step C, reporting the data to the master station, and executing a data recovery step E;
E. the method comprises the following steps:
e1, if the read data contains the non-accumulated electric quantity, accumulating the electric quantity to generate a corresponding electric energy accumulation event record and storing the corresponding electric energy accumulation event record in the nonvolatile memory, wherein the electric energy accumulation event record comprises: actively reporting the electric energy accumulation event record to a master station without accumulated electric quantity, electric energy accumulation time, module ID running before reset and reset information type;
e2, if the read data does not contain the electric quantity which is not accumulated, calculating the time difference between the current time and the last stored electric energy, storing the current voltage, current and power factor, reading the frozen data of the last 1 minute in the nonvolatile memory, recovering the current electric energy by using the frozen data, and actively reporting the calculated time difference to the master station;
F. and after the master station acquires the active reported information of the electric energy meter, judging that the fault is a vibration stopping event or a resetting event, positioning a module running when the fault occurs according to the module ID, and recording the fault type and the module.
2. The method for processing abnormal reset of MCU according to claim 1,
in the step A, the MSG also stores the parameters and the check values entering the running state module;
in step C, writing the parameters and the check value of the current operation module into the MSG;
and step F, the master station compares the two received module parameters in the MSG, if the verification information is correct, the master station compares the two module parameters with the parameter configuration file of the master station, if the two module parameters are consistent, the processing is not carried out, and if the two module parameters are inconsistent, the master station sends the correct parameter configuration file.
3. The method for processing abnormal reset of MCU according to claim 1,
in step E2, the average power value is reported to the master station after being reset for 15 minutes.
4. The method for processing abnormal reset of MCU according to claim 1,
in step E2, estimating the electric quantity which is not accumulated, and reporting to the master station; and the master station issues confirmation frame information if the data is reasonable, and the electric energy meter accumulates the estimated electric quantity after receiving the confirmation frame.
5. The method for processing abnormal reset of MCU according to claim 1,
and step F, if the issued parameters cannot be responded by the electric energy meter, the master station judges that suspicion of electricity stealing exists.
6. The method for processing abnormal reset of MCU according to claim 1,
in the step A, the MSG also records the running time of each module, the size of the stack used by each module and the number of times of writing data into the nonvolatile memory.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the MCU processing method comprises,
the master station carries out statistics according to the running time of each module and analyzes the abnormal starting times of each module; and analyzing whether the stack is normally used by the module according to the size of the stack.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the master station periodically sends a command to calibrate the clock for oscillation stop after receiving the report of the oscillation stop event, and the electric meter calibrates the current time after receiving the command to calibrate the time for oscillation stop.
9. An electric energy meter, characterized in that, the reset information reporting and the power utilization information recovery are realized by using the processing method of the abnormal reset of the MCU described in any one of claims 1 to 8.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115580523A (en) * | 2022-11-24 | 2023-01-06 | 石家庄科林电气股份有限公司 | Fault processing method and device for modular electric energy meter and electric energy meter |
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