CN114488434A - Optical fiber automatic coupling system and method - Google Patents

Optical fiber automatic coupling system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114488434A
CN114488434A CN202210135426.2A CN202210135426A CN114488434A CN 114488434 A CN114488434 A CN 114488434A CN 202210135426 A CN202210135426 A CN 202210135426A CN 114488434 A CN114488434 A CN 114488434A
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optical fiber
coupling
module
optical
feedback control
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CN114488434B (en
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张海涛
吴巍巍
张童
李有楠
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4219Mechanical fixtures for holding or positioning the elements relative to each other in the couplings; Alignment methods for the elements, e.g. measuring or observing methods especially used therefor
    • G02B6/422Active alignment, i.e. moving the elements in response to the detected degree of coupling or position of the elements
    • G02B6/4225Active alignment, i.e. moving the elements in response to the detected degree of coupling or position of the elements by a direct measurement of the degree of coupling, e.g. the amount of light power coupled to the fibre or the opto-electronic element
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/08Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
    • G02B26/0816Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light by means of one or more reflecting elements
    • GPHYSICS
    • G02OPTICS
    • G02BOPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/26Optical coupling means
    • G02B6/32Optical coupling means having lens focusing means positioned between opposed fibre ends

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an optical fiber automatic coupling system and an optical fiber automatic coupling method. The invention also discloses a method for carrying out automatic optical fiber coupling by using the system.

Description

Optical fiber automatic coupling system and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber coupling, in particular to an optical fiber automatic coupling device and method based on a galvanometer scanning module.
Background
With the advent and continuous development of fiber lasers, the realization of laser energy transmission through efficient fiber coupling is a major concern in various scientific research and product development fields. Currently, various optical fiber devices are not inexpensive, and the cost is mainly due to coupling, and the cost accounts for about 70% to 90% of the total cost of the product. In production, more than 80% of coupling butt joint between optical fibers still needs to be finished by traditional labor-intensive manual or semi-automatic, and the coupling result of the production mode is often lower in coupling efficiency due to the existence of a divergence angle when light beams in the optical fibers exit; in scientific research, although the optical fiber coupling can achieve high coupling efficiency, the high coupling efficiency is achieved basically by human eyes and manual operation, a coupling light path is not stable enough, and the coupling efficiency is remarkably reduced after weak interference. Therefore, a simple and stable optical fiber automatic coupling scheme is urgently needed in the market and scientific research fields.
In 2019, shanghai optical precision machinery research institute of china academy of sciences discloses an automatic optical fiber coupling device (CN109738996), which utilizes a computer and a stepping motor to control the rotation of a double-optical wedge, thereby controlling the azimuth angle and the spatial position of an emergent beam, realizing the optimal coupling efficiency of optical fiber coupling, and improving the problems of difficult adjustment, high requirement on optical elements, incapability of realizing automatic alignment and the like of the traditional coupling mode.
At present, a high-precision laser scanning galvanometer is excellent in performance in the field of laser processing, good in positioning precision, stability and operability, convenient to develop and integrate due to the fact that a laser input interface is arranged, can play a good positioning role in the position of a laser beam focusing light spot, can solve the problem of high-difficulty light path adjustment in optical fiber coupling, and can realize a stable coupling light path by combining an imaging positioning system and feedback control.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an optical fiber automatic coupling system and method, so as to achieve an optical fiber coupling effect with high stability and high coupling efficiency, and achieve the purpose of optical fiber automatic coupling.
In order to achieve the purpose, the automatic optical fiber coupling system disclosed by the invention comprises a collimation module, a galvanometer coupling module, an optical fiber support, an image recognition module, an optical bench and a feedback control module. The system obtains collimated light beams through a collimation module, an optical fiber support is used for fixing a single optical fiber or an optical fiber array, spatial position information of an optical fiber end face is obtained according to an image recognition module, a feedback control module controls a vibrating mirror coupling module to focus the collimated light beams on the optical fiber end face for coupling according to the information, then the optical fiber support and the vibrating mirror coupling module are controlled through a manual or feedback control module to carry out micro-disturbance, the change of coupling efficiency is observed, the system is positioned to the state when the coupling efficiency is the highest, after the coupling is completed, the feedback control module runs regularly, and the coupling efficiency is maintained.
In order to realize the automatic coupling of the optical fiber after being modified, the collimation module, the galvanometer coupling module, the optical fiber support and the image recognition module are all electric control components and are controlled by a feedback control module.
Preferably, in the collimation module, the two diaphragms are electrically controlled diaphragms, the splitting ratio of the beam splitter is 99/1 (transmission/reflection), and the camera is a CCD camera.
Preferably, the optical fiber support is driven by a stepping motor and can be adjusted in five dimensions of x, y, z, horizontal and pitching; the rod-shaped protective sleeve is a cylindrical rod body, the same position of the side face of the rod-shaped protective sleeve is provided with an annular bulge, the position of the protective sleeve is convenient to control, the diameter of a hole in the panel is slightly larger than the diameter of the protective sleeve and smaller than the diameter of the annular bulge, and a fixing screw is arranged on the side face of the panel.
Preferably, two CCD cameras in the image recognition module are respectively positioned above and at the side of the system and shoot the optical fiber.
Preferably, the optical bench is provided with a slide block for carrying the above module, and the slide block is an electric control slide block.
Preferably, the feedback control module controls all the above electric control devices, and operates once every hour to perform feedback correction on the coupling optical path.
Preferably, the perturbation range does not exceed the diameter of the optical fiber when the coupling operation is performed.
The invention also provides a light walking coupling method, which comprises the following steps:
step S1, adjusting each component in the system to a preset position;
step S2, fixing the optical fiber or optical fiber array to be coupled on the optical fiber support, requiring the end face of the optical fiber to be flush with the tail end of the rod-shaped protective sleeve, the annular protrusion of the protective sleeve clings to the panel, and the end face direction of the optical fiber is parallel to the optical axis direction of the optical bench;
step S3, adjusting the collimation module to obtain a collimation input beam with a diameter of a preset value and obtain input optical power;
step S4, calculating the space coordinate information of the optical fiber end face through the image recognition module, and transmitting the space coordinate information to the feedback control module;
step S5, the feedback control module sends out a control command to control the galvanometer coupling module to focus the collimated light beam to the end face of the optical fiber to be coupled, so as to realize primary coupling;
step S6, the optical fiber support is slightly disturbed through the feedback control module, the change of the optical fiber coupling efficiency is observed, and the optical fiber support is kept still after the maximum coupling efficiency is reached;
step S7, the galvanometer coupling module is slightly disturbed through the feedback control module, the change of the optical fiber coupling efficiency is observed, and after the maximum coupling efficiency is reached, the positioning point is kept still;
step S8, repeating the steps S6-S7 until the coupling efficiency is not lower than a preset threshold value, and locking the galvanometer coupling module and the optical fiber support to realize coupling;
step S9, after the coupling is realized, setting the checking time interval to be one hour, automatically operating the feedback control module every time the checking time interval passes, detecting whether the coupling efficiency is lower than a preset threshold value, and repeating the step S8 if the coupling efficiency is lower than the preset threshold value; if not, the system enters the next check interval.
The invention has the following effects:
1. the optical fiber automatic coupling system and the method disclosed by the invention take the high-precision scanning galvanometer as a core component, and couple by combining the multi-dimensional adjustable optical fiber support, so that the high-redundancy spatial degree of freedom is provided, the high optimization of the coupling efficiency is facilitated, and the higher coupling efficiency is more easily achieved.
2. The optical fiber automatic coupling system and the method do not need to additionally process the optical fiber to be coupled, have no requirement on the type of the optical fiber, have strong universality and can immediately finish coupling.
3. The automatic optical fiber coupling system and the method improve the condition that the traditional manual optical fiber coupling is time-consuming and labor-consuming, maintain the optical fiber coupling efficiency by using the feedback control module which runs according to the time, and greatly improve the stability of the optical fiber coupling.
Attached drawings of patent
The above and other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in detail specific embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a front view of an overall apparatus schematic diagram of an optical fiber automatic coupling system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of an overall apparatus schematic diagram of an optical fiber automatic coupling system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a fiber optic holder mounting arrangement for use in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Fig. 1 is a front view of an overall device schematic diagram of an embodiment of an optical fiber automatic coupling system provided by the present invention, including a collimating module, a galvanometer coupling module, an optical fiber support, an image recognition module, an optical bench 1 and a feedback control module, fig. 2 is a top view of an overall device schematic diagram of an embodiment of an optical fiber automatic coupling system provided by the present invention, marking a position of an eccentric off-axis device, hiding the optical bench 1, and fig. 3 is an optical fiber support fixing schematic diagram used in the present invention.
The collimation module mainly comprises two electric control diaphragms 2, a beam splitter 3 and a CCD camera 4-1, the electric control diaphragms 2, the beam splitter 3 are arranged on an optical bench in sequence, the CCD camera 4-1 is positioned on the side surface of an optical path and fixed with the beam splitter 3 into a whole as shown in figure 2, the size of the two electric control diaphragms 2 and the position of the whole of the beam splitter 3-the CCD camera 4-1 on the optical bench 1 are continuously adjusted, when the diameter and the position of a light spot detected by the CCD camera 4-1 are basically unchanged, light beam collimation is determined, and after the collimation is finished, the CCD camera 4-1 is changed into an optical power meter 5 to obtain input optical power.
The electric control diaphragm 2 is driven by a stepping motor, the maximum light-sharing diameter is about 7mm, and the splitting ratio of the beam splitter 3 is 99/1 (transmission/reflection).
The galvanometer coupling module mainly comprises a high-precision scanning galvanometer 6, a field lens 7 and a total reflection mirror 8, wherein the diameter of an input window of the high-precision scanning galvanometer 6 is about 7mm, and the focal length of the field lens is 25-75 mm.
The optical fiber support mainly comprises an optical fiber protective sleeve 9, a panel 10 and a five-dimensional adjusting frame 11, wherein an annular bulge of the optical fiber protective sleeve 9 is shown in figure 3, an optical fiber 12 is sleeved into the optical fiber protective sleeve, the panel 10 is inserted, a fixing screw is screwed down to complete fixing, and the five-dimensional adjusting frame 11 is driven by a stepping motor.
The image recognition module is composed of CCD cameras 4-2 and 4-3, is located on an eccentric light path and forms an included angle of 45 degrees with a main optical axis, the CCD camera 4-2 is located above the light path, the CCD camera 2-3 is located on the side face of the light path, as shown in figure 2, the image recognition module can shoot the end face of the optical fiber fixed on the support, and the computer can calculate the spatial information of the end face of the optical fiber by processing the image and combining the coordinates of the camera in the light path, provide positioning information for the galvanometer coupling module and further realize primary coupling.
The optical bench 1 comprises an electric control slide block, and can be used for controlling the precise movement of each device by a computer.
The feedback control module obtains the coupling efficiency by combining the output optical power obtained by the optical power meter 5 arranged at the tail end of the optical fiber 12 and the input optical power, and keeps the positioning state when the coupling efficiency is highest by controlling the vibrating mirror coupling module and the optical fiber support to carry out micro-disturbance, thereby realizing the highest coupling efficiency.
After the optical fiber coupling of the optical path is finished, the detection time interval is set to be about 1 hour, and the feedback control module operates every 1 hour, so that the coupling efficiency of the coupling optical path is ensured to be stabilized at a higher level, and the stability of the optical path is improved.
The embodiment of the invention discloses an optical fiber automatic coupling method, which comprises the following specific steps:
step S1, adjusting each component in the system to a preset position;
step S2, fixing the optical fiber 12 on the optical fiber support, requiring the end face of the optical fiber to be flush with the end of the optical fiber protective sleeve 9, the annular protrusion of the optical fiber protective sleeve 9 clings to the panel 10, and the direction of the end face of the optical fiber is parallel to the direction of the optical axis of the optical bench 1;
step S3, adjusting the collimation module to obtain a collimation input beam with a diameter of a preset value and obtain input optical power;
step S4, calculating the space coordinate information of the optical fiber end face through the image recognition module, and transmitting the space coordinate information to the feedback control module;
step S5, the feedback control module sends out a control command to control the galvanometer coupling module to focus the collimated light beam on the end face of the optical fiber 12, so as to realize primary coupling;
step S6, the optical fiber support is slightly disturbed through the feedback control module, the change of the optical fiber coupling efficiency is observed, and the optical fiber support is kept still after the maximum coupling efficiency is reached;
step S7, the galvanometer coupling module is slightly disturbed through the feedback control module, the change of the optical fiber coupling efficiency is observed, and after the maximum coupling efficiency is reached, the positioning point is kept still;
step S8, repeating the steps S6-S7 until the coupling efficiency is not lower than a preset threshold value, and locking the galvanometer coupling module and the optical fiber support to realize coupling;
step S9, after the coupling is realized, setting the checking time interval to be one hour, automatically operating the feedback control module every time the checking time interval passes, detecting whether the coupling efficiency is lower than a preset threshold value, and repeating the step S8 if the coupling efficiency is lower than the preset threshold value; if not, the system enters the next check interval.
The embodiment of the invention adopts the high-precision scanning galvanometer as a coupling device and combines the electric control five-dimensional optical fiber support for coupling, thereby providing high spatial redundancy freedom degree, greatly improving the automation degree of a coupling system, facilitating high optimization of coupling efficiency, easily achieving higher coupling efficiency, and greatly improving the condition of low efficiency of the traditional manual coupling mode.
The embodiment of the invention introduces the feedback control module to realize automatic coupling and carry out regular automatic detection and maintenance on the coupling light path, thereby greatly improving the stability of the coupling light path, enabling the coupling light path to be used under the condition of more interference, such as ground vibration, air flow and the like, and improving the stability and reliability of the optical fiber coupling related system.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. The utility model provides an automatic coupled system of optic fibre, includes collimation module, galvanometer coupled module, fiber optic support, image recognition module, optical bench and feedback control module, its characterized in that: the optical fiber coupling device comprises a collimating module, a vibration mirror coupling module, an optical fiber support, an image recognition module, an optical bench seat, a feedback control module and a control module, wherein the collimating module is used for converting an input light beam into a collimated light beam and controlling the diameter of the light beam, the vibration mirror coupling module is used for positioning and focusing the collimated light beam output by the collimating module to a space designated position for coupling, the optical fiber support is used for fixing an optical fiber to be coupled and can be automatically adjusted in multiple dimensions, the image recognition module is used for acquiring and processing optical fiber position information, the optical bench seat is used for carrying the above four modules, and the feedback control module is used for controlling the vibration mirror coupling module and the optical fiber support so that the optical fiber coupling efficiency is highest.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein: the collimating module mainly comprises two diaphragms, a beam splitter, a CCD (charge coupled device) camera and an optical power meter, the two diaphragms, the diaphragm and the beam splitter are sequentially arranged on an optical bench, the CCD camera is positioned on the side surface of a light path and fixed with the beam splitter into a whole and can slide on the optical bench to receive partial light beams split by the beam splitter, the sizes of the two diaphragms and the position of the beam splitter-CCD camera whole on the optical bench are continuously adjusted, when the diameter and the position of a light spot detected by the CCD camera are basically unchanged, the light beam is judged to be collimated, and after the collimation is finished, the CCD camera is changed into the optical power meter to obtain the input optical power.
3. The collimating module of claim 2, wherein: if the incident beam is a divergent beam and cannot be collimated by continuous adjustment, a collimating lens can be added in front of the first diaphragm for primary collimation.
4. The collimating module of claim 2, wherein: the diaphragm can be a mechanical diaphragm for manual adjustment, or an electric control diaphragm for automatic adjustment by adding feedback control.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein: the galvanometer coupling module mainly comprises a high-precision scanning galvanometer and a field lens, wherein the high-precision scanning galvanometer comprises an input window for receiving an input light beam, a reflecting mirror inside the high-precision scanning galvanometer can be coated with a high-reflectivity film according to the wavelength of the light beam, the field lens can be coated with a high-transmissivity film according to the wavelength of the light beam, and the module is controlled by an image recognition module and a feedback control module.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein: the optical fiber support is used for fixing optical fibers to be coupled, can fix a single optical fiber, and can also fix an optical fiber array consisting of a plurality of optical fibers; when the optical fiber coupler is fixed, optical fibers to be coupled are firstly arranged in the rod-shaped protective sleeve, then the panel is inserted for fixing, and finally the optical fiber coupler is arranged on the optical fiber support which can be adjusted in multiple dimensions to complete fixing, and the same position of the rod-shaped protective sleeve contains annular bulges or steps, so that the optical fiber coupler is convenient to fix.
7. The fiber optic shelf of claim 6, wherein: the optical fiber support can be adjusted in at least five dimensions (x, y, z, horizontal and pitching), and can be adjusted mechanically and manually or adjusted electrically.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein: the image recognition module mainly comprises two CCD cameras, is positioned on an eccentric light path and is used for shooting the optical fiber to be coupled fixed on the support, and the computer is used for calculating the spatial information of the optical fiber to be coupled by processing the image and combining the coordinates of the cameras in the light path and providing positioning information for the galvanometer coupling module.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein: the optical bench is used for carrying the four modules and is provided with a slide way, scales and a fixed screw position.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein: the feedback control module obtains the output optical power through an optical power meter arranged at the tail end of the optical fiber, obtains the coupling efficiency through calculation by combining the input optical power, and keeps the positioning state when the coupling efficiency is highest through controlling the vibrating mirror coupling module and the optical fiber support to carry out micro-disturbance, thereby realizing the highest coupling efficiency.
11. The feedback control module of claim 10, wherein: when the light path has vibration or is interfered and the like, the feedback control module is still in a running state, and the coupling light path is ensured to be stabilized at higher coupling efficiency.
12. An optical fiber automatic coupling method is characterized in that: the method is applicable to the system of any one of claims 1-11, the method comprising:
step S1, adjusting each component in the system to a preset position;
step S2, fixing the optical fiber or the optical fiber array to be coupled on the optical fiber bracket, wherein the end face of the optical fiber is required to be flush with the tail end of the rod-shaped protective sleeve, and the direction of the end face of the optical fiber is parallel to the optical axis direction of the optical bench;
step S3, adjusting the collimation module to obtain a collimation input beam with a diameter of a preset value and obtain input optical power;
step S4, calculating the space coordinate information of the optical fiber end face through the image recognition module, and transmitting the space coordinate information to the feedback control module;
step S5, the feedback control module sends out a control command to control the galvanometer coupling module to focus the collimated light beam to the end face of the optical fiber to be coupled, so as to realize primary coupling;
step S6, the optical fiber support is slightly disturbed through a manual or feedback control module, the change of the optical fiber coupling efficiency is observed, and the optical fiber support is kept still after the maximum coupling efficiency is reached;
step S7, the galvanometer coupling module is slightly disturbed through the feedback control module, the change of the optical fiber coupling efficiency is observed, and after the maximum coupling efficiency is reached, the positioning point is kept still;
step S8, repeating the steps S6-S7 until the coupling efficiency is not lower than a preset threshold value, and locking the galvanometer coupling module and the optical fiber support to realize coupling;
step S9, after the coupling is realized, a check time interval can be set, the feedback control module automatically operates every time the check time interval passes, whether the coupling efficiency is lower than a preset threshold value or not is detected, and if the coupling efficiency is lower than the preset threshold value, the step S8 is repeated; if not, the system enters the next check interval.
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CN115248480A (en) * 2022-09-22 2022-10-28 鹏城实验室 Spatial light-optical fiber coupling device and method based on resolution target detection
CN115542474A (en) * 2022-09-16 2022-12-30 飞秒激光研究中心(广州)有限公司 Laser coupling system, control method, optical fiber fixing device and laser system

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CN115542474A (en) * 2022-09-16 2022-12-30 飞秒激光研究中心(广州)有限公司 Laser coupling system, control method, optical fiber fixing device and laser system
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CN115248480B (en) * 2022-09-22 2022-11-29 鹏城实验室 Spatial light-optical fiber coupling device and method based on resolution target detection

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