CN114488251A - Wide-range gamma radiation dose measuring system and method - Google Patents
Wide-range gamma radiation dose measuring system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114488251A CN114488251A CN202111627536.2A CN202111627536A CN114488251A CN 114488251 A CN114488251 A CN 114488251A CN 202111627536 A CN202111627536 A CN 202111627536A CN 114488251 A CN114488251 A CN 114488251A
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- G01T1/02—Dosimeters
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Abstract
The invention relates to a wide-range gamma radiation dose measuring system and method, belonging to the technical field of nuclear and radiation safety detection, and the method comprises the following steps: carrying out radiation reinforcement on a video sensor probe; collecting radiation information in a radiation field through a video sensor probe; acquiring charges in radiation information acquired by a video sensor probe through a radiation information/video information discrimination electronic device, realizing neutron/gamma radiation discrimination according to the pulse shape generated by the charges, and realizing the discrimination of the radiation information and visible light according to the difference of the generation amount of radiation secondary charges with different energies; and measuring the gamma radiation dose according to the corresponding impulse response height of the gamma radiation by pulse dose analysis software. The system and the method provided by the invention can realize the radiation type discrimination function and the measurement of the wide-range gamma radiation dose by expanding the data processing mode on the basis of not increasing the hardware cost of various radiation fields with installed common video monitoring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear and radiation safety detection, and particularly relates to a wide-range gamma radiation dose measuring system and method.
Background
The semiconductor video sensors are distributed on various nuclear facilities in a large quantity, and are mainly used for visual imaging of visible light to realize a security monitoring function. Under the strong radiation environment, the radiation noise greatly influences the video identification capability, and the radiation damage and the single event effect of the device can also cause the failure and the shortened service life of the device. Aiming at the requirement of a video monitoring function, a large number of scientific research and technical workers use various methods to improve the radiation resistance of the video sensor.
Neutron/gamma mixed radiation fields may exist at a large number of nuclear facility sites, such as a radioactive source depot, a special nuclear material storage site, a reactor nuclear island, an experimental reactor neutron beam leading-out experimental hall, a neutron generator operation site, and a plurality of nuclear facility access ports. If the current neutron and gamma radiation equipment which is commonly used at home and abroad is equipped, a large amount of expenses are required to be invested, and technical support is required to be provided for special radiation monitoring personnel during operation and maintenance. The video sensors are low in cost, and most of the facilities are provided with a plurality of sets of video sensors and are easy to arrange in multiple paths and multiple points, so that monitoring without dead angles can be realized. If the video sensor can detect the radiation on the basis of optical monitoring, the video sensor is necessarily helpful to improve the radiation monitoring level of various nuclear facilities.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a wide-range gamma radiation dose measuring system and method, and the system and method can realize the radiation type discrimination function and the wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement by expanding the data processing mode of the radiation field without increasing the hardware cost on the basis of various installed common video monitoring radiation fields.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the invention adopts a technical scheme that:
a wide-range gamma radiation dose measuring system comprises a video sensor probe, a radiation information/video information screening electronic device and pulse dose analysis software, wherein the video sensor probe is used for collecting dynamic radiation information and charge transport in a radiation field, the radiation information/video information screening electronic device is in communication connection with the video sensor probe and is used for reading charges in data collected by the video sensor probe, screening neutron/gamma radiation types according to pulse response shapes generated by the charges and screening radiation information and visible light by using the difference of generation quantities of radiation secondary charges with different energies; the pulse dose analysis software is installed on a terminal device with a display function, is in communication connection with the radiation information/video information screening electronic device, and is used for measuring gamma radiation dose.
Further, according to the wide-range gamma radiation dose measuring system, the number of the video sensor probes is one or more, the video sensor probes are CMOS semiconductor video sensors, and the video sensor probes are radiation-hardened by adopting hardware shielding and special electronic design.
Further, in the wide-range gamma radiation dose measuring system, the video sensor probe is provided with an automatic shutter closing mechanism for blocking visible light with different radiation intensities; the automatic shutter closing mechanism adaptively adjusts the working mode of the optical shutter according to the radiation weak current information fed back by the pulse dose analysis software, and collects radiation information and radiation/visible light composite information in a time-sharing manner.
Further, in the wide-range gamma radiation dose measuring system, the impulse response shape of the video sensor probe to gamma radiation is a mountain peak shape, and the impulse response shape to neutron radiation is a flat-top column shape.
Further, the wide-range gamma radiation dose measuring system further comprises a special display software package for dynamically displaying the real-time dose rate of the gamma radiation.
The invention also provides a wide-range gamma radiation dose measuring method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, carrying out radiation reinforcement on the video sensor probe;
s2, collecting radiation information in the radiation field through the video sensor probe;
s3, acquiring charges in the radiation information acquired by the video sensor probe through a radiation information/video information discrimination electronic device, discriminating neutron/gamma radiation types according to pulse shapes generated by the charges, and discriminating the radiation information from visible light according to the difference of the generation amounts of radiation secondary charges with different energies;
and S4, measuring the gamma radiation dose in the radiation information by using pulse dose analysis software according to the corresponding pulse response height of the gamma radiation.
Further, in the method for measuring a wide-range gamma radiation dose as described above, the video sensor probe used in step S1 is a CMOS semiconductor video sensor; and the radiation reinforcement is carried out on the video sensor probe by adopting hardware shielding and special electronic design, so that the radiation dose measurement range of the video sensor is improved.
Further, in the wide-range gamma radiation dose measuring method, the discrimination of the neutron/gamma radiation type according to the pulse shape generated by the charge in step S3 is specifically: when the impulse response shape is a peak shape, the gamma radiation is judged; and when the pulse response shape is a flat-top column shape, neutron radiation is judged.
Further, in the wide-range gamma radiation dose measuring method, in step S4, the pulse dose analysis software performs machine learning comparison between the pulse response height corresponding to the gamma radiation and the data in the database, so as to obtain the gamma radiation dose value.
Further, the wide-range gamma radiation dose measuring method further comprises the step of dynamically displaying the real-time dose rate of the gamma radiation by calling a special display software package.
The wide-range gamma radiation dose measuring system and method provided by the invention have the following remarkable technical effects:
the invention can increase the function of discriminating the radiation type and the function of wide-range gamma radiation dose by expanding the data processing mode on the basis of not increasing the hardware cost of various radiation fields which are installed with common video monitoring, and can inhibit the generation mechanism of radiation noise from the hardware angle. The system is low in cost and easy to lay a large number of points to form a network monitoring mode; the high dose rate mode is two orders of magnitude higher than the current detectors such as mainstream gas, scintillation, semiconductors and the like in a radiation reinforcement-free mode, and can reach four orders of magnitude after radiation reinforcement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a wide range gamma radiation dosimetry system according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a wide-range gamma radiation dose measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific embodiments and drawings attached to the description.
In natural environments, high intensity transient ionizing radiation pulses rarely occur, except for single event events. In all special places, such as high-energy accelerator irradiation devices and other places related to national defense, the electromagnetic pulse ionizing radiation is influenced to a certain extent, so that a great deal of research results are obtained in the aspects of radiation effect and radiation-resistant reinforcement. The main idea of the invention is to use radiation influence as a detection signal on the basis of a radiation reinforcement technology, measure a nuclear radiation field by using a common semiconductor video sensor, and realize radiation measurement and single-probe wide-range working capacity by using a specially designed adaptive adjusting device.
FIG. 1 illustrates a framework diagram of a wide-range gamma radiation dosimetry system provided in an embodiment of the invention, which includes a video sensor probe 10 for acquiring dynamic radiation information and charge loss in a radiation field; radiation information/video information discrimination electronics 20 for reading the charge in the data collected by the video sensor probe 10, discriminating the type of radiation and discriminating radiation information/visible light; and pulse dose analysis software 30 for implementing gamma radiation dose analysis.
The video sensor probe 10, which may be one or more, is positioned at various locations in the radiation field and may be a frame-output electronics. The cell pixel size and thickness have a determining effect on the generation of the radiated secondary charges and the pulse shape. In this embodiment, a CMOS semiconductor video sensor probe is used. In order to improve the radiation dose measurement range of the video sensor, the present embodiment adopts hardware shielding and special electronic design to perform radiation reinforcement on the video sensor probe. The high dose rate mode is two orders of magnitude higher than the current detectors such as mainstream gas, scintillation, semiconductors and the like in a radiation reinforcement-free mode, and can reach four orders of magnitude after radiation reinforcement.
Radiation information/video information discrimination electronics 20: the detector is in communication connection with the video sensor probe 10 and is used for reading charges in data collected by the video sensor probe 10 and analyzing the pulse shape of the charges, so that the discrimination of neutron radiation and gamma radiation is realized according to the pulse shape; and then, the discrimination of the radiation information and the visible light is realized by utilizing the difference of the generation amount of the secondary charges of the radiation (containing the visible light) with different energies.
According to a large number of experimental statistics, the shape of the pulse signal corresponding to the gamma radiation is mountain peak shape; the shape of the pulse signal corresponding to the neutron radiation is flat-topped column-shaped, so that the discrimination of radiation information and visible light is realized according to the pulse shape. The radiation data collected by the video sensor probe 10 includes radiation information and visible light, and the visible light is not a part of interest, and the visible light part needs to be discriminated from the radiation information. After the radiation type discrimination is completed, the radiation information/video information discrimination electronics 20 re-uses the difference in the generation amounts of the secondary charges of the radiation (including visible light) with different energies to discriminate the radiation information from the visible light.
Pulse dose analysis software 30: the gamma radiation dose measuring device is installed on a monitoring station, a computer or other terminal equipment with a display function, and the radiation information/video information screening electronic device 20 is in communication connection with the terminal equipment and is used for performing pulse response analysis on the gamma radiation weak current transmitted by the radiation information/video information screening electronic device 20 and performing machine learning comparison by calling a database so as to measure the gamma radiation dose. The gamma radiation with different energies has significant correlation with the corresponding impulse response height, so that the corresponding gamma radiation dose and gamma ray type can be obtained through the impulse response height.
Preferably, the video sensor probe 10 is provided with an automatic shutter closing mechanism 110 for blocking visible light of different radiation intensities. The automatic shutter closing mechanism 110 adaptively adjusts the working mode of the optical shutter according to the weak radiation current information fed back by the pulse dose analysis software 30, and collects radiation information and radiation/visible light composite information in a time-sharing manner, so as to satisfy the dual functions of the video sensor as a real-time monitoring device and a radiation dose detection device.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides a wide-range gamma radiation dose measuring method, which is shown in fig. 2 and includes the following steps:
and step S1, performing radiation reinforcement on the video sensor probe.
In the embodiment, the adopted video sensor is a CMOS semiconductor video sensor; hardware shielding and special electronic design are selected to carry out radiation reinforcement on the probe of the video sensor, so that the radiation dose measuring range of the video sensor is improved. The high dose rate mode is two orders of magnitude higher than the current detectors such as mainstream gas, scintillation, semiconductors and the like in a radiation reinforcement-free mode, and can reach four orders of magnitude after radiation reinforcement.
And step S2, acquiring radiation information in the radiation field through the video sensor probe.
Radiation information, inherent noise and environment local information in a radiation field environment are collected through a video sensor probe and transmitted to a radiation information/video information screening electronic device.
And step S3, the radiation information/video information discrimination electronics device obtains the charges in the radiation information collected by the video sensor probe, discriminates the neutron/gamma radiation type according to the pulse shape generated by the charges, and discriminates the radiation information from the visible light according to the difference of the generation amount of the radiation secondary charges with different energies.
Through a large number of experiments, the shape of the pulse signal of the gamma radiation is a peak shape, and the shape of the pulse signal of the neutron radiation is a flat-top column shape, so that the neutron radiation and the gamma radiation can be distinguished according to the pulse shape. Then, according to the difference of the generation amount of the radiation secondary charges with different energies, the radiation information and the visible light are discriminated.
And step S4, the pulse dose analysis software realizes the measurement of the gamma radiation dose in the radiation information according to the pulse response height corresponding to the gamma radiation.
Specifically, pulse dose analysis software is used for machine learning comparison by calling a database, so that the measurement of the gamma radiation dose is realized. The gamma radiation with different energies has significant correlation with the corresponding impulse response height, so that the corresponding gamma radiation dose and gamma ray type can be obtained through the impulse response height.
The real-time dose rate of the gamma radiation can also be dynamically displayed by calling a special display software package.
It should be noted that: MOS structures in MAPS are radiation sensitive units. Along with the increase of total irradiation dose, the oxide layer in the MOS structure is close to Si/SiO2The combination of the oxide trap charges generated at the interface and the interface states generated at the Si/SiO2 interface shifts the threshold voltage in APS and causes a change in drain current. For MOS devices used for amplification, variations in output signals may result; for a MOS device used as a switch, it may not be turned on or turned off completely. When the ionizing radiation cannot cause the APS to be damaged instantaneously, the threshold voltage drift of the MOS device caused by the total dose effect is a main factor influencing the operating performance of the APS along with the prolonging of the irradiation time.
Further, specific embodiments may be as follows: firstly, screening devices, and testing the stability of a sony universal chip to be optimal; secondly, the video sensor is radiated and reinforced, and hardware shielding and special electronic design are selected; thirdly, transmitting radiation response, inherent noise and environment local information of the device; fourthly, preprocessing software to realize the discrimination of radiation types; fifthly, calling a database to perform machine learning comparison; and sixthly, calling a special display software package to dynamically display the dose rate in real time.
The wide-range gamma radiation dose measuring system and method based on the video sensor can increase the radiation type discrimination function and the wide-range gamma radiation dose by expanding the data processing mode of the wide-range gamma radiation dose on the basis of not increasing the hardware cost of various radiation fields with installed common video monitoring, and can inhibit the generation mechanism of radiation noise from the hardware angle. The lower limit of the dose measurement of the system is at the same level as that of the mainstream radiation dosimeter on the market at present, and the system has the advantages of low cost and easiness in mass distribution to form a network monitoring mode; the high dose rate mode is two orders of magnitude higher than the current detectors of mainstream gas, scintillation, semiconductors and the like in a radiation reinforcement-free mode, and can reach four orders of magnitude after radiation reinforcement.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention, which may be embodied in other specific forms or in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The described embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention should be indicated by the appended claims, and any changes that are equivalent to the intent and scope of the claims should be construed to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A wide-range gamma radiation dosimetry system comprising a video sensor probe (10), radiation information/video information screening electronics (20), and pulse dose analysis software (30), wherein:
the video sensor probe (10) is used for acquiring dynamic radiation information and charge transport in a radiation field;
the radiation information/video information screening electronics device (20) is in communication connection with the video sensor probe (10) and is used for reading charges in data collected by the video sensor probe (10), screening neutron/gamma radiation types according to the pulse response shape generated by the charges, and screening radiation information and visible light by using the difference of generation amounts of radiation secondary charges with different energies;
the pulse dose analysis software (30) is installed on terminal equipment with a display function, is in communication connection with the radiation information/video information screening electronic device (20), and is used for measuring gamma radiation dose.
2. The wide-range gamma radiation dosimetry system of claim 1, wherein said video sensor probes (10) are one or more in number and of the type CMOS semiconductor video sensor, said video sensor probes (10) being radiation hardened with hardware shielding and electronics specific design.
3. The wide-range gamma radiation dosimetry system of claim 2, wherein said video sensor probe (10) is provided with an automatic shutter closing mechanism (110) for blocking visible light of different radiation intensities; the automatic shutter closing mechanism (110) adaptively adjusts the working mode of the optical shutter according to the radiation weak current information fed back by the pulse dose analysis software (30), and collects radiation information and radiation/visible light composite information in a time-sharing manner.
4. The wide-range gamma radiation dosimetry system of claim 1, wherein the impulse response shape of the video sensor probe (10) to gamma radiation is peak-like and the impulse response shape to neutron radiation is flat-topped cylindrical.
5. The wide-range gamma radiation dosimetry system according to any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the system further comprises a dedicated presentation software package for dynamically presenting the real-time dose rate of gamma radiation.
6. A wide-range gamma radiation dosimetry method comprising the steps of:
s1, carrying out radiation reinforcement on the video sensor probe (10);
s2, acquiring radiation information in a radiation field through the video sensor probe (10);
s3, acquiring charges in the radiation information acquired by the video sensor probe (10) through a radiation information/video information discrimination electronic device (20), discriminating neutron/gamma radiation types according to pulse shapes generated by the charges, and discriminating the radiation information from visible light according to the difference of generation amounts of radiation secondary charges with different energies;
and S4, measuring the gamma radiation dose in the radiation information according to the corresponding impulse response height of the gamma radiation by the pulse dose analysis software (30).
7. The wide-range gamma radiation dosimetry method according to claim 6, wherein the video sensor probe (10) used in step S1 is a CMOS semiconductor video sensor; the video sensor probe (10) is radiation hardened by adopting hardware shielding and special electronic design, so that the radiation dose measurement range of the video sensor is improved.
8. The wide-range gamma radiation dosimetry method according to claim 7, wherein the discrimination of the neutron/gamma radiation type according to the pulse shape generated by the charge in step S3 is specifically: when the impulse response shape is a peak shape, the gamma radiation is judged; when the impulse response shape is a flat-top column shape, the neutron radiation is judged.
9. The wide-range gamma radiation dosimetry method of claim 8, wherein the pulse rate analysis software (30) in step S4 performs machine learning comparison of the impulse response height corresponding to gamma radiation with the data in the database to obtain the gamma radiation dose value.
10. The wide-range gamma radiation dosimetry method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, further comprising dynamically presenting the real-time dose rate of gamma radiation by invoking a dedicated presentation software package.
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