CN114487341A - Rock electricity water saturation determination system and method suitable for shale and application - Google Patents
Rock electricity water saturation determination system and method suitable for shale and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN114487341A CN114487341A CN202111552313.4A CN202111552313A CN114487341A CN 114487341 A CN114487341 A CN 114487341A CN 202111552313 A CN202111552313 A CN 202111552313A CN 114487341 A CN114487341 A CN 114487341A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- BKBMACKZOSMMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;toluene Chemical compound OC.CC1=CC=CC=C1 BKBMACKZOSMMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil gas exploration and development, and discloses a rock electricity water saturation determination system, a method and application suitable for shale, wherein the rock electricity water saturation determination system comprises sample pretreatment and determination of basic rock physical parameters; measuring the rock electrical parameters and the rock porosity under the condition of simulating the stratum; calculating and predicting the shale Archie cementation index; logging model import and water saturation prediction. The method is based on the angle of shale foundation rock electrical experiment, and finally improves the prediction accuracy of the water saturation of the shale in the well logging through exploring the Archie cementation index which accords with the shale; the water saturation of the shale reservoir can be evaluated, and the evaluation method is more precise than a traditional water saturation model and is more suitable for evaluation of a single gas field. And aiming at the total porosity and the effective porosity required by different water saturation models, two Archie cementation index prediction empirical formulas are obtained by the method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oil-gas exploration and development, and particularly relates to a rock-electricity water saturation determination system and method suitable for shale and application of the rock-electricity water saturation determination system.
Background
At present, in the oil and gas exploration and development process, the accuracy of a water saturation model which is commonly used and conforms to the conventional sandstone and carbonate rock is often low aiming at an unconventional shale reservoir. Based on the composition of the shale itself and the complexity of the pore structure, adjusting the corresponding model parameters is considered as the key to improve the prediction accuracy.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: the existing water saturation models conforming to conventional sandstone and carbonate rock have poor applicability in shale, mainly because of inaccurate model parameter introduction.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: the complexity of the shale itself and the difficulty of experimental operations. Shale is compact and has complex components and pore structures, so that experimental measurement of model parameters suitable for shale is difficult. At present, no standard shale rock electrical test process and attention points exist. The invention provides a feasible shale rock electrical test process method and proves that model parameters measured by experiments can be applied to a logging example.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: taking the shale in the Australian Canning basin as an example, the accuracy of the shale resistivity water saturation logging is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a rock electricity water saturation determination system and method suitable for shale and application thereof.
The invention is realized in such a way that a rock electricity water saturation determination method suitable for shale comprises the following steps:
step one, sample pretreatment and basic rock physical parameter measurement;
measuring the rock electrical parameters and the rock porosity under the condition of simulating the stratum;
step three, calculating and predicting the shale Archie cementation index;
and step four, importing a logging model and predicting the water saturation.
Further, in the step one, in the process of preprocessing the sample according to the layer position of the sample, if the shale is the hydrocarbon source rock, the toluene methanol 3:1 is adopted to wash the rock core.
Further, the sample pretreatment is to pretreat the sample according to the layer to which the sample belongs, and the sample is dried at the temperature of below 60 ℃ for at least 48 hours to remove residual chemicals and pore water.
Further, in the step one, in the measurement of the basic rock physical parameter, the measurement of the basic parameter of the columnar core sample comprises: core mass, length, diameter, volume after drying.
Further, in the second step, when the electrical parameters of the shale are measured, the formation pressure condition and the saturated formation concentration saline water are simulated aiming at the cored formation parameters, and the electrical parameters of the shale are measured on the basis; adopting a rock electricity instrument: (1) impedance was measured at atmospheric pressure using a constant 1-v excitation volt and a fixed frequency of 1khz using a constant potential mode spectrometer; (2) the sample is placed between silver electrode plates and inserted into a rubber jacket of a pressure container, and two axial hydraulic pistons are separated by polyether ether ketone (peek) for electrical insulation; axial initial load 50psi to ensure sample/electrode coupling; (3) using an oil hydraulic pump, at a pressure of 50psi/min, the shaft pressure confining pressure was simultaneously increased slowly to 500psi, while the impedance was recorded every 10s before stabilization; (4) the resistance value is stable within 14 hours; (5) the pressure was reduced at 50psi/min, the sample was removed from the pressure vessel, weighed, and immediately tested for NMR; then, the sample is reloaded into the pressure container, and the test is repeated under different ambient pressures; repeating steps (3) to (5) to increase the confining pressure to 500, 1000, 1500, 2500, 3500, 4500, 6500, and 8500 psi.
Further, in the third step, the calculation and prediction calculation formula of the shale aldrich cementation index is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: through the change of the quality of the saturated rock core under different pressure conditions after the rock electricity test, the change of the rock resistivity is integrated, and an Archie formula is introduced to different pressure conditionsThe following aldrich bond index measurements.
Further, in step three, the required aldrich cementation index of the total porosity model is as follows: mT ═ (2.811) P0.012(ii) a Alrgiz cementation index required for the effective porosity model: mE ═ 2.483P0.011(ii) a Where mT is the calculated aldrich cementation index at total porosity, mE is the aldrich cementation index at effective porosity measurement, and P is confining pressure.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a rock electric water saturation determination system for shale suitable for a rock electric water saturation determination method for shale, the rock electric water saturation determination system for shale comprising:
the sample pretreatment module is used for pretreating the sample according to the layer to which the sample belongs and drying the sample to remove free water;
the rock parameter measuring module is used for measuring basic parameters of the rock;
the rock electrical parameter measuring module is used for measuring the shale electrical parameters under the condition of simulating the stratum;
the rock porosity measuring module is used for measuring the rock porosity under the condition of simulating the stratum;
and the shale Archie cementation index calculation module is used for changing pressure conditions, detecting the change of rock electrical characteristics and introducing an Archie formula to measure the Archie cementation index under different pressure conditions.
And the logging model importing and water saturation predicting module is used for importing a logging water saturation predicting model and detecting the position of the reservoir.
Further, in the rock electrical parameter measuring module and the rock porosity measuring module, the simulated formation conditions are simulated formation pressure conditions and saturated formation concentration brine according to the cored formation parameters.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the method is based on the angle of shale foundation rock electrical experiment, and finally improves the prediction accuracy of the water saturation of the shale in the well logging through exploring the Archie cementation index which accords with the shale.
The method can evaluate the water saturation of the shale reservoir, is more refined than a traditional water saturation model, and is more suitable for evaluation of a single gas field. And aiming at the total porosity and the effective porosity required by different water saturation models, two Archie cementation index prediction empirical formulas are obtained by the method.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining the rock-electricity water saturation suitable for shale according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of water saturation measurements and well log prediction data provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a rock-electricity water saturation determination system and method suitable for shale and application thereof, and the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for determining the rock-electricity water saturation applicable to shale according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
s101, sample pretreatment and basic rock physical parameter measurement;
s102, measuring the rock electrical parameters and the rock porosity under the condition of simulating the stratum;
s103, calculating and predicting the shale Archie cementation index;
and S104, importing a logging model and predicting the water saturation.
In step S101 in the embodiment of the present invention, in the preprocessing of the sample according to the layer to which the sample belongs, if the shale is a source rock, a core is washed with toluene methanol 3: 1.
The sample pretreatment is to pretreat the sample according to the layer to which the sample belongs, and the sample is dried for at least 48 hours at the temperature of below 60 ℃ to remove residual chemicals and pore water.
Because the shale samples are brittle, samples were taken that at least contained no visible cracks on the surface. 7 plunger samples were selected, 5 of which were washed with toluene and methanol (ratio 3:1) at 60 ℃ to remove residual hydrocarbons and salts. The remaining two samples were not washed for comparison. The chemical mixture is replaced periodically until it remains clear (i.e., no more dissolved oil) and transparent (typically about two months). All samples were oven dried below 60 degrees celsius for at least 48 hours to remove residual chemicals and pore water. Note that at such temperatures, clay bound water is retained as free water is removed from the sample.
In step S101 in the embodiment of the present invention, in the measuring of the basic rock physical parameter, measuring a basic parameter of a columnar core sample includes: core mass, length, diameter, volume after drying.
In step S102 in the embodiment of the present invention, when the electrical petrophysical parameter is measured, the formation pressure condition and the saturated formation concentration brine are simulated for the cored formation parameter, and the electrical shale parameter is measured on the basis.
When the electrical lithology parameters are measured, simulating the formation pressure condition and saturated formation concentration brine according to the cored formation parameters, and measuring the electrical lithology parameters on the basis; adopting a rock electricity instrument: (1) impedance was measured at atmospheric pressure using a constant 1-v excitation voltage and a fixed frequency of 1khz using a potentiostatic mode spectrometer; (2) the sample is placed between silver electrode plates and inserted into a rubber jacket of a pressure container, and two axial hydraulic pistons are separated by polyether ether ketone (peek) for electrical insulation; axial initial load 50psi to ensure sample/electrode coupling; (3) using an oil hydraulic pump, at a pressure of 50psi/min, the shaft pressure confining pressure was simultaneously increased slowly to 500psi, while the impedance was recorded every 10s before stabilization; (4) the resistance value is stable within 14 hours; (5) the pressure was reduced at 50psi/min, the sample was removed from the pressure vessel, weighed, and immediately tested for NMR; then, the sample is reloaded into the pressure container, and the test is repeated under different ambient pressures; repeating steps (3) to (5) to increase the confining pressure to 500, 1000, 1500, 2500, 3500, 4500, 6500, and 8500 psi.
In step S103 in the embodiment of the present invention, the calculation and prediction of the shale aldrich cementation exponent have a calculation formula of:
the method comprises the following steps:
and through the change of the mass of the saturated rock core under different pressure conditions after the rock electricity test, the change of the rock resistivity is integrated, and an Archie formula is introduced to measure the Archie cementation index under different pressure conditions.
For the total porosity and the effective porosity required by different water saturation models, two Archie cementation index prediction empirical formulas are obtained by the method. Total porosity model required aldrich cementation index: mT ═ (2.811) P0.012. Alrgiz cementation index required for the effective porosity model: mE ═ 2.483P0.011. Where mT is the calculated aldrich cementation index at total porosity, mE is the aldrich cementation index at effective porosity measurement, and P is confining pressure. The empirical formula has been validated in the kanning basin of australia by two water saturation prediction models, Simandoux and Indonesia, as shown in figure 2, the circles are laboratory water saturation measurement data and the curves are well log prediction data, which may substantially coincide.
It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention can be realized by hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware. The hardware portion may be implemented using dedicated logic; the software portions may be stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system, such as a microprocessor or specially designed hardware. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the apparatus and methods described above may be implemented using computer executable instructions and/or embodied in processor control code, such code being provided on a carrier medium such as a disk, CD-or DVD-ROM, programmable memory such as read only memory (firmware), or a data carrier such as an optical or electronic signal carrier, for example. The apparatus of the present invention and its modules may be implemented by hardware circuits such as very large scale integrated circuits or gate arrays, semiconductors such as logic chips, transistors, or programmable hardware devices such as field programmable gate arrays, programmable logic devices, or software executed by various types of processors, or a combination of hardware circuits and software, e.g., firmware.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The method for determining the rock electricity water saturation suitable for the shale is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, sample pretreatment and basic rock physical parameter measurement;
step two, measuring the rock electrical parameters and the rock porosity under the condition of simulating the stratum;
step three, calculating and predicting the shale Archie cementation index;
and step four, importing a logging model and predicting the water saturation.
2. The method for determining the electrical water saturation of the shale as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step one, in the step of pretreating the sample according to the layer to which the sample belongs, if the shale is a source rock, a toluene methanol 3:1 core washing is adopted.
3. The method for determining the petroelectric water saturation suitable for shale according to claim 2, wherein the sample pretreatment comprises the step of pretreating the sample according to the layer to which the sample belongs, and the sample is dried at 60 ℃ or lower for at least 48 hours to remove residual chemicals and pore water.
4. The method for determining the electrical water saturation suitable for shale according to claim 1, wherein in the step one, in the determination of the basic rock physical parameter, the measurement of the basic parameter of the columnar core sample comprises: core mass, length, diameter, volume after drying.
5. The method for determining the petroelectric water saturation suitable for shale as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the second step, when the petroelectric parameters are measured, the shale petroelectric parameters are measured on the basis of simulating formation pressure conditions and saturated formation concentration brine according to the cored formation parameters; adopting a rock electricity instrument: (1) impedance was measured at atmospheric pressure using a constant 1-v excitation voltage and a fixed frequency of 1khz using a potentiostatic mode spectrometer; (2) the sample is placed between silver electrode plates and inserted into a rubber jacket of a pressure container, and two axial hydraulic pistons are separated by polyether ether ketone (peek) for electrical insulation; axial initial load 50psi to ensure sample/electrode coupling; (3) using an oil hydraulic pump, at a pressure of 50psi/min, the shaft pressure confining pressure was simultaneously increased slowly to 500psi, while the impedance was recorded every 10s before stabilization; (4) the resistance value is stable within 14 hours; (5) the pressure was reduced at 50psi/min, the sample was removed from the pressure vessel, weighed, and immediately tested for NMR; then, the sample is reloaded into the pressure container, and the test is repeated under different ambient pressures; repeating steps (3) to (5) to increase the confining pressure to 500, 1000, 1500, 2500, 3500, 4500, 6500, and 8500 psi.
6. The method for determining the electrical water saturation of shale as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step three, the calculation and prediction of the aldrich cementing index of shaleThe calculation formula is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: and (3) integrating the change of the rock resistivity of the saturated rock core under different pressure conditions through the change of the mass of the saturated rock core under the rock electricity test, and introducing an Archie formula to measure the Archie cementation index under different pressure conditions.
7. The method for determining the electrical rock water saturation suitable for shale according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the required Archie cementation index of the total porosity model is as follows: mT ═ (2.811) P0.012(ii) a Alrgiz cementation index required for effective porosity model: mE ═ 2.483P0.011(ii) a Where mT is the calculated aldrich cementation index at total porosity, mE is the aldrich cementation index at effective porosity measurement, and P is confining pressure.
8. The system for determining the rock electric water saturation applicable to the shale according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the system for determining the rock electric water saturation applicable to the shale comprises:
the sample pretreatment module is used for pretreating the sample according to the layer to which the sample belongs and drying the sample to remove free water;
the rock parameter measuring module is used for measuring basic parameters of the rock;
the rock electrical parameter measuring module is used for measuring the shale electrical parameters under the condition of simulating the stratum;
the rock porosity measuring module is used for measuring the rock porosity under the condition of simulating the stratum;
and the shale Archie cementation index calculation module is used for changing pressure conditions, detecting the change of rock electrical characteristics and introducing an Archie formula to measure the Archie cementation index under different pressure conditions.
And the logging model importing and water saturation predicting module is used for importing a logging water saturation predicting model and detecting the position of the reservoir.
9. The system for determining the lithoelectric water saturation for shale of claim 8, wherein in the lithoelectric parameter measurement module and the rock porosity measurement module, the simulated formation conditions are simulated formation pressure conditions and saturated formation concentration brine based on the cored formation parameters.
10. The application of the method for determining the rock-electricity water saturation applicable to shale according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in oil and gas exploration and development.
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2021
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Application publication date: 20220513 |