CN114483630A - Steam-driven draught fan stationary blade control system of thermal power plant - Google Patents
Steam-driven draught fan stationary blade control system of thermal power plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN114483630A CN114483630A CN202210042158.XA CN202210042158A CN114483630A CN 114483630 A CN114483630 A CN 114483630A CN 202210042158 A CN202210042158 A CN 202210042158A CN 114483630 A CN114483630 A CN 114483630A
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- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007363 regulatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/002—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying geometry within the pumps, e.g. by adjusting vanes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2270/00—Control
- F05D2270/70—Type of control algorithm
- F05D2270/706—Type of control algorithm proportional-integral-differential
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Abstract
The invention discloses a stationary blade control system of a steam-driven induced draft fan of a thermal power plant, which relates to the technical field of automatic control of the induced draft fan of the thermal power plant, and comprises the following control strategies: when the induced draft fan unit normally operates, the negative pressure of the hearth is put into the automatic control system, and the induced draft fan is put into the stationary blade control system; and the automatic control system calculates a basic value T through a PID module according to the deviation of the negative pressure set value and the actual value of the hearth. The invention realizes the stable energy-saving control of the induced draft fan, effectively reduces the throttling loss of the fan by adopting the automatic control of the fixed blade of the induced draft fan, reduces the steam consumption rate of the steam-driven induced draft fan, effectively reduces the steam consumption of a boiler after the steam-driven induced draft fan is put into operation, improves the power generation efficiency of a power plant and simultaneously brings considerable economic benefits, and secondly, the automatic control of the fixed blade of the fan can ensure that the impeller of the induced draft fan is in a constant speed state for a long time under the driving of a steam turbine, improve the service life of the impeller, save a large number of spare parts and labor cost, and simultaneously contain the power generation loss caused by engineering rush repair.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automatic control of a thermal power plant induced draft fan, in particular to a stationary blade control system of a steam-driven induced draft fan of a thermal power plant.
Background
In order to solve the problem of a draught fan with a large single machine consumption function in the field of thermal power plants, a mode of driving the draught fan by a steam turbine is widely adopted. When the unit normally operates, the negative pressure input of the hearth is automatically controlled, and the input rotating speed control mode of the steam-driven draught fan in long-term operation is automatic in the rotating speed control of the draught fan and manual in the stationary blade control. The automatic control system calculates a basic value T through a PID module according to the deviation of a negative pressure set value and an actual value of a hearth, then performs algebraic operation correction on an opening coefficient obtained through function calculation of the opening instruction of the stationary blade, and finally generates a rotating speed instruction of the induced draft fan through further function operation. The vane opening executes a manual input command. Although the requirement of coordinated control of a unit is met, the throttling energy loss of the fan is large, and the torque stress of the fan impeller is changed along with the frequent adjustment of the rotating speed, so that the service life of the impeller is greatly reduced, and the fan impeller needs to be replaced regularly. In order to achieve the purposes of energy conservation and consumption reduction and take the service life of the fan impeller into consideration, an automatic stationary blade control mode is urgently needed to be explored, the energy loss and the damage frequency of fan body equipment are reduced, and the fan output control strategy is optimized. Therefore, the invention particularly provides a stationary blade control system of a steam-driven induced draft fan of a thermal power plant to solve the problems in the background technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a stationary blade control system of a steam-driven induced draft fan of a thermal power plant.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a quiet leaf control system of steam-driven draught fan of thermal power plant, control system includes following control strategy:
when the induced draft fan set normally operates, the negative pressure of the hearth is put into the automatic control system, the induced draft fan is put into the stationary blade control system, the stationary blade control of the induced draft fan is automatic, and the rotating speed control is manual;
the automatic control system calculates a basic value T through a PID module according to the deviation of the negative pressure set value and the actual value of the hearth;
algebraic operation correction is carried out on the output coefficient obtained by function calculation of the rotating speed instruction of the induced draft fan and the output coefficient;
generating a static blade opening instruction of the induced draft fan through further function operation;
and the rotating speed instruction of the induced draft fan is divided into three gears, and the rotating speed instruction of the corresponding gear is output through a stationary blade control mode path according to the meeting condition of the corresponding condition.
Preferably, control system includes steam turbine and draught fan, little steam turbine is adjusted the draught fan through control governing door aperture adjustment admission volume and is exerted oneself, automatic control system is inserted to the furnace negative pressure, and rotational speed PID controller is connected to furnace negative pressure control system output one end, and quiet leaf PID controller is connected to the other end.
Preferably, the actual value of the negative pressure of the furnace is calculated according to the rotating speed PID module and the stationary blade PID module, then the basic value T is calculated through the known set value of the negative pressure of the furnace and finally the PID module of the automatic control system according to the difference value of the actual value and the set value.
Preferably, the rotating speed PID controller and the stator blade PID controller divide the system control mode into stator blade manual control and stator blade automatic control according to the basic value T, the stator blade manual control rotating speed instruction is divided into three steps, the stator blade automatic control generates a rotating speed instruction of a corresponding step according to an actual output path, the rotating speed PID controller balances and adjusts the two turbines through the rotating speed instruction, and the stator blade PID controller balances and adjusts the two turbine stator blades through the rotating speed instruction.
Preferably, the regulation control loop of the stationary blade control system adopts conventional single-loop proportion + integral control, and simultaneously introduces an opening instruction of a blower movable blade as feedforward of a draught fan stationary blade instruction to regulate the negative pressure of the hearth under the condition of constant rotating speed, and the loop is only applied to a low-load stage in the start and stop process of a unit.
Preferably, the rotating speed regulation of the control system adopts a PID control loop, the regulator is used for controlling the negative pressure deviation of the hearth, the output instruction is used for controlling the opening of a steam inlet throttle of the small steam turbine, a function of the opening instruction of the movable blades of the blower is introduced into the regulator to be used as the feedforward of the rotating speed of the induced draft fan, and due to relative lag of the regulation of the static blades, when the negative pressure deviation is too large or an RB working condition occurs, the static blades are automatically cut off, and the rotating speed is automatically and simultaneously put into operation.
Preferably, the induced draft fan RB control strategy is: in the draught fan rotational speed control circuit, there is the balanced loop under the draught fan tripping operation state, considers when forced draught blower RB or draught fan RB take place, all remain the one-sided send, draught fan operation, the draught fan of operation this moment is synchronous with forced draught blower movable vane governing speed in the rotational speed regulation.
Control strategy includes when draught fan low-load section constant speed operation, to the control disturbance of quiet leaf regulation furnace negative pressure and the collection of the quiet leaf regulation test data of load reduction, the unit is under two steam-driven draught fan operation modes, manual adjustment steam-driven draught fan rotational speed and quiet leaf aperture (improve steam-driven draught fan rotational speed in step, close its quiet leaf aperture), keep two fans to go out the power balance, two fans are little quick-witted regulation level pressure deviation promptly and are less than 0.1MPa, quiet leaf aperture is between 30% to 60%, steam-driven draught fan adopts the manual control mode of fixed rotational speed, it is automatic to drop into the quiet leaf regulation of draught fan, control system is through adjusting two fans that the quiet leaf aperture size of fan of synchronous regulation is exerted power, control furnace negative pressure is in reasonable scope during the operation of speed, the collection of the quiet leaf regulation test data of load reduction
The test step of the stationary blade 100% opening degree closing regulation performance comprises the following steps:
checking the logic configuration, the fixed value and the parameter setting to confirm that the regulator has correct function and reasonable parameters;
confirming that the inlet and outlet doors of the air and smoke system are normal, controlling the rotating speed of the induced draft fan normally, and enabling the static blade of the induced draft fan to act normally;
confirming that each signal transmitter of the air and smoke system is put into operation, and displaying the signal normally;
checking whether the parameters to be recorded are the furnace pressure, the pressure set value, the output of a furnace pressure controller and the like by a configuration trend curve (whether the parameters to be recorded are the furnace pressure, the pressure set value, the output of the furnace pressure controller and the like) are normal or not;
confirming that the unit is not put into AGC and is stabilized at the current load, ensuring that the operation working condition of the standby unit meets the operation requirement of an automatic system, ensuring that the negative pressure of a hearth is close to a set value, putting the system into automation, and waiting for the system to be adjusted stably;
after the negative pressure of the hearth is stabilized at the set value for 10 minutes, starting to perform a stationary blade 100% opening degree closing regulation performance test;
the rotating speed is manually controlled, the stationary blade is automatically put into operation, the rotating speed of the induced draft fan is slowly reduced, the current negative pressure is maintained, and the stationary blade is gradually opened to be close to full opening under the automatic condition;
and changing the set value of the hearth pressure in a step mode, respectively carrying out constant value disturbance of amplitudes of +50Pa and +100Pa, observing the regulating process of the stator blade and the change condition of the hearth pressure, and recording the test result.
If the furnace pressure is positive or other abnormal working conditions occur, the current test is timely quitted.
The load reduction dynamic disturbance test comprises the following steps:
after the test of the 100% opening degree closing adjustment performance of the static blade is completed, slowly adjusting the rotating speed of small draught fans, and adjusting the opening degrees of the static blades of the 2A draught fan and the 2B draught fan at the same time, wherein the negative pressure is kept stable in the adjustment process, the pressure deviation of the two small draught fans at the adjustment stage is less than 0.1MPa until the opening degree of the static blade is between 30% and 60%, and putting the hearth pressure adjustment system into a static blade automatic mode;
after the negative pressure of the hearth is stabilized at the set value for 10 minutes, carrying out a load reduction dynamic disturbance test;
adjusting the variable load rate of the unit to 10MW/min, changing the load target value of the unit, wherein the amplitude values are-20 MW, -30 MW, -50 MW until the load is reduced to 500MW, observing the static blade regulation response condition and the change trend of the negative pressure of the hearth, and recording the test result;
if the opening of the stator blade is smaller than 30% or more than 80%, the rotating speed set value needs to be adjusted again to enable the stator blade to be in an adjustable range of 30% -60%;
when the furnace pressure is positive or other abnormal working conditions occur, the current test is timely quitted.
The hearth negative pressure static disturbance test comprises the following steps:
reducing the load of the unit to 500MW, and performing a negative pressure static disturbance test;
and when the operation working condition of the unit meets the operation requirement of an automatic system, slowly adjusting the rotating speed of the small draught fan, and simultaneously adjusting the opening degrees of the static blades of the 2A draught fan and the 2B draught fan, wherein the negative pressure is kept stable in the adjustment process until the opening degrees of the static blades are between 30% and 60%, and the pressure deviation of the small draught fan adjusting stages of the two draught fans is less than 0.1MPa, and putting the hearth pressure adjusting system into a static blade automatic mode. And after each parameter is stabilized at the set value for 15 minutes, keeping the rotating speed of the steam-driven draught fan unchanged. Starting a negative pressure constant value disturbance test;
step changing a set value of the hearth pressure, respectively carrying out constant value disturbance on amplitudes of +/-50 Pa, +/-100 Pa, +/-150 Pa and +/-200 Pa, observing the adjustment process of a system and the change condition of the hearth pressure, and recording a test result;
carrying out negative pressure disturbance test on the unit load of 400MW, and repeating the test method;
and carrying out negative pressure disturbance test on the unit load of 300MW, and repeating the test method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention realizes the stable energy-saving control of the induced draft fan, effectively reduces the throttling loss of the fan by adopting the automatic control of the fixed blade of the induced draft fan, reduces the gas consumption rate of the steam-driven induced draft fan, effectively reduces the steam consumption of a boiler after the steam-driven induced draft fan is put into operation, improves the power generation efficiency of a power plant and simultaneously brings considerable economic benefits, and secondly, the automatic control of the fixed blade of the fan can ensure that the impeller of the induced draft fan is in a constant speed state for a long time under the driving of a steam turbine, greatly prolongs the service life of the impeller, saves a large number of spare parts and labor cost, and simultaneously contains the comprehensive power generation loss caused by engineering rush repair.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a control principle of a stationary blade control system of a steam-driven induced draft fan in a thermal power plant according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a stationary blade control logic of an induced draft fan in the stationary blade control system of the steam-driven induced draft fan in the thermal power plant according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a first logic diagram of automatic control of the ascending and rotating speed process of an induced draft fan in the steam-driven induced draft fan stationary blade control system of the thermal power plant according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a second schematic diagram of the logic for automatically controlling the ascending and rotating speed process of the induced draft fan in the steam-driven induced draft fan stationary blade control system of the thermal power plant according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a first schematic diagram of an automatic control logic in a rotational speed reduction process of an induced draft fan in the steam-driven induced draft fan stationary blade control system of the thermal power plant, provided by the invention;
fig. 6 is a second logic diagram of automatic control in the rotational speed reduction process of the induced draft fan in the steam-driven induced draft fan stationary blade control system of the thermal power plant.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
In the steam-driven induced draft fan stationary blade control system of the thermal power plant shown in fig. 1, in the logic for generating the stationary blade instruction of the steam-driven induced draft fan, if RB occurs during the operation of the unit, the steam-driven induced draft fan on the opposite side is stopped, and no matter the induced draft fan is in a rotating speed control/stationary blade control mode, the stationary blade opening of the steam-driven induced draft fan on the operation side triggers the pulse locking of the lower limit of the 75% opening instruction.
Referring to fig. 2, under the automatic control mode of the stationary blade, the rotating speed command of the induced draft fan is divided into three gears, which are 3900rpm/4400rpm/4900rpm respectively. After a static blade control mode is put into operation, the lowest rotating speed of the induced draft fan outputs 3900rpm, and meanwhile, manual offset (0-100) is set at the gear of 4900rpm for meeting the air volume adjusting margin under the high-load operation working condition.
Referring to fig. 3, in the process of increasing the rotation speed and in the stator blade control mode, the process of increasing the speed of the induced draft fan is 3900rpm → 4400rpm → 4900rpm, wherein the switching conditions from 3900rpm → 4400rpm are (and): (1) a, B the opening instruction of any stator blade of the induced draft fan is more than 90%; (2) the actual rotating speed of the current induced draft fan is more than 3850 rpm.
Referring to fig. 4, the switching conditions from 4400rpm → 4900rpm are (and): (1) a, B the opening instruction of any stator blade of the induced draft fan is more than 90%; (2) the actual rotating speed of the current induced draft fan is more than 4350 rpm.
Referring to fig. 5, in the process of reducing the rotation speed, in the stator blade control mode, the process of reducing the rotation speed of the induced draft fan is 4900rpm → 4400rpm → 3900rpm, wherein the switching conditions from 4900rpm → 4400rpm are (and): (1) a, B the opening instruction of any stator blade of the induced draft fan is less than 50%; (2) the actual rotating speed of the current induced draft fan is less than 5200 rpm. And after the conditions are met, the third gear RS trigger is reset, the instruction of the rotating speed of the induced draft fan reaching 4900rpm triggers interruption, and the rotating speed of the induced draft fan automatically downshifts to 4400 rpm.
Referring to fig. 6, the switching conditions from 4400rpm → 3900rpm are (and): (1) a, B the opening instruction of any stator blade of the induced draft fan is less than 50%; (2) the actual rotating speed of the current induced draft fan is less than 4450 rpm. And after the conditions are met, resetting is realized by the RS trigger of the second gear, the instruction triggering interruption is carried out when the rotating speed of the induced draft fan reaches 4400rpm, and the rotating speed of the induced draft fan automatically downshifts to 3900 rpm.
Furthermore, the operation efficiency of the steam-driven induced draft fan is determined by the working conditions of the induced draft fan and the small steam turbine together, wherein the efficiency of the small steam turbine has close relation with the rotating speed, the efficiency of the induced draft fan can be more similar to the theory, similar working condition points on a design characteristic curve are obtained, and the comprehensive efficiency of starting the induced draft fan can be expressed as
In the formula Pe、PiOutput power of the induced draft fan and ideal input power, eta, of the small steam turbinefFor efficiency of draught fans, ηmFor the mechanical efficiency of the speed reducer (98%), etatFor the small thermal efficiency (obtained according to the empirical curves of the rotating speed and the efficiency), the efficiency advantage of the control strategy of the control system compared with the traditional control system strategy can be calculated through the formula.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a quiet leaf control system of steam-driven draught fan of thermal power plant which characterized in that, control system includes following control strategy:
when the induced draft fan unit normally operates, the negative pressure of the hearth is put into the automatic control system, and the induced draft fan is put into the stationary blade control system;
the automatic control system calculates a basic value T through a PID module according to the deviation of the negative pressure set value and the actual value of the hearth;
algebraic operation correction is carried out on the output coefficient obtained by function calculation of the rotating speed instruction of the induced draft fan and the output coefficient;
generating a guide vane opening instruction of the induced draft fan through further function operation;
and the rotating speed instruction of the induced draft fan is divided into three gears, and the rotating speed instruction of the corresponding gear is output through a stationary blade control mode path according to the meeting condition of the corresponding condition.
2. The steam-driven induced draft fan stationary blade control system of the thermal power plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein said control system comprises a steam turbine and an induced draft fan, said small steam turbine adjusts the induced draft fan output by controlling the opening of the throttle, said furnace negative pressure is connected to the automatic control system, one end of the furnace negative pressure control system output end is connected to the rotating speed PID controller, and the other end is connected to the stationary blade P ID controller.
3. The steam-driven induced draft fan stationary blade control system of the thermal power plant as claimed in claim 2, wherein the actual value of the negative pressure of the furnace is calculated according to the rotating speed PID module and the stationary blade PID module, then the basic value T is calculated through the automatic control system PID module according to the difference between the actual value and the set value through the known negative pressure set value of the furnace.
4. The steam-driven induced draft fan stator blade control system of claim 2, characterized in that the rotational speed PID controller divides the system control mode into stator blade manual control and stator blade automatic control according to the basic value T with the stator blade PID controller, the stator blade manual control rotational speed instruction divides into three grades, the stator blade automatic control generates the rotational speed instruction of corresponding gear according to the actual output path, the rotational speed PID controller adjusts two turbines through rotational speed instruction balance, and the stator blade PID controller adjusts two turbine stator blades through rotational speed instruction balance.
5. The steam-driven induced draft fan stationary blade control system of the thermal power plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stationary blade control system regulation control loop adopts conventional single loop proportion + integral control, and simultaneously introduces the opening degree instruction of the movable blade of the blower as the feedforward of the stationary blade instruction of the induced draft fan, and regulates the negative pressure of the hearth under the condition of constant rotating speed.
6. The control system of claim 1, wherein the speed control system comprises a PID control loop, the regulator is used for controlling the negative pressure deviation of the furnace, the output command is used for controlling the opening of the steam inlet throttle of the small turbine, the function of the opening command of the movable blades of the blower is introduced into the regulator as the feedforward of the rotating speed of the induced draft fan, and the automatic cutting of the fixed blades and the automatic putting into rotating speed are carried out automatically when the negative pressure deviation is too large or RB condition occurs due to the relative lag of the fixed blades and the regulation.
7. The steam-driven induced draft fan stationary blade control system of the thermal power plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein said induced draft fan RB control strategy is: in the draught fan rotational speed control circuit, there is the balanced loop under the draught fan tripping operation state, considers when forced draught blower RB or draught fan RB take place, all remain the one-sided send, draught fan operation, the draught fan of operation this moment is synchronous with forced draught blower movable vane governing speed in the rotational speed regulation.
8. The steam-driven draught fan stationary blade control system of the thermal power plant as claimed in claim 1, wherein the unit manually adjusts the rotation speed and the stationary blade opening of the steam-driven draught fan to keep the output balance of the two draught fans under the operation mode of the two steam-driven draught fans, namely, the pressure deviation of the two small fan regulating stages is less than 0.1MPa, the stationary blade opening is between 30% and 60%, the steam-driven draught fan adopts a constant rotation speed control mode, the stationary blade of the draught fan is automatically thrown into for regulation, and the control system adjusts the fan output by synchronously adjusting the sizes of the stationary blade openings of the two draught fans to control the negative pressure of the furnace chamber within a reasonable range.
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CN104235819A (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2014-12-24 | 国家电网公司 | Control method for parallel operation of steam-driven induced draft fan and electric induced draft fan of thermal power generating unit |
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