CN114483007A - Non-invasive temperature measuring system in pipeline for thick oil exploitation - Google Patents
Non-invasive temperature measuring system in pipeline for thick oil exploitation Download PDFInfo
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- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
- E21B47/07—Temperature
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
Abstract
The invention discloses a non-invasive temperature measuring system in a pipeline for thick oil exploitation, which comprises a hardware system and a software system, wherein the hardware system comprises a single chip microcomputer minimum system, a temperature detection module, an industrial transmission module, a data interaction module, a power supply module and an isolation circuit; according to the invention, the isolation circuit is used for independently supplying power to the temperature detection module, the influence of noise on the temperature measurement circuit is reduced, the influence of a system power supply on the temperature measurement precision is avoided, the working current of a hardware circuit is reduced by selecting low-power-consumption components, the low-cost requirement is compounded, the sliding mean value filtering processing is carried out on data, the temperature detection error is reduced, the measurement precision is improved, the corresponding relation between the temperature and the measured resistance value is obtained by using least square fitting, the temperature calculation is convenient, and the detection efficiency is higher compared with that of the traditional field temperature mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thickened oil exploitation, in particular to a non-invasive temperature measuring system in a pipeline for thickened oil exploitation.
Background
According to SY/T6169-1995 oil reservoir classification in the oil and gas industry, crude oil with the viscosity of more than 50mPa & s under the stratum condition is called thick oil, the thick oil has complex components, the difference between the thick oil and the crude oil is the biodegradation degree, the degradation degree of the thick oil is much higher than that of common crude oil, the thick oil has high viscosity, so the exploitation and transportation difficulty is very high, in the process of exploiting the thick oil, the most important thing is to reduce the viscosity of the thick oil and enhance the fluidity, generally speaking, the technology of exploiting the thick oil can be divided into two kinds of thermal exploitation and cold exploitation, and the main method and thought are to improve the permeability of the oil reservoir, increase the pressure difference, reduce the viscosity of the thick oil and the like.
The viscosity of the thick oil is changed greatly under the temperature change, so that the temperature plays a very key role in the thick oil exploitation process, the property and the distribution of a temperature field in an underground pipeline are determined, a proper heating mode is selected, the exploitation effect of injection exploitation along with the temperature change is analyzed, the accurate pump-down depth and the relevant heating parameters are determined, and the method has very important significance for thick oil exploitation.
At present, the on-site temperature detection mainly depends on manual measurement, the temperature measurement efficiency is poor, the traditional temperature measurement system needs to be ignited and shut down during installation, the installation process is complex, the power consumption is high, potential safety hazards exist, the yield loss is caused, and in addition, a foreign non-invasive temperature transmitter is too high in cost and is not suitable for large-scale application, so that the invention provides the non-invasive temperature measurement system in the pipeline for thick oil exploitation to solve the problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide an in-pipeline non-invasive temperature measurement system for heavy oil recovery, which solves the problems of poor on-site temperature detection efficiency, large power consumption, complex installation process and potential safety hazard of the traditional temperature measurement system, and solves the problem that the non-invasive temperature transmitter in foreign countries cannot be applied in large scale due to high cost.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a non-invasive temperature measuring system in a pipeline for thickened oil exploitation comprises a hardware system and a software system, wherein the hardware system comprises a single chip microcomputer minimum system, a temperature detecting module, an industrial transmitting module, a data interaction module, a power supply module and an isolating circuit, the temperature detecting module, the industrial transmitting module, the data interaction module and the power supply module are all connected with the single chip microcomputer minimum system, the power supply module is connected with the temperature detecting module through the isolating circuit, the single chip microcomputer minimum system is built by taking a microcontroller as a main control chip and is attached with a reset circuit, a starting mode selecting circuit and an SWD program downloading circuit, the temperature detecting module comprises a pipe wall temperature collecting unit and an environment temperature collecting unit, the data interaction module comprises an HART communication unit and a screen display unit used for displaying specific measured temperature values, and the power supply module supplies power to the whole system in a loop power supply mode, the isolation circuit independently supplies power to the temperature detection module;
the software system comprises a single chip microcomputer main program, a temperature detection program, a data processing program, an industrial transmission program, a data interaction program and a temperature conversion program, wherein the single chip microcomputer main program controls software operation of the whole system, the temperature detection program acquires temperature measurement data in a temperature detection module, the data processing program uses sliding mean filtering to process the acquired temperature measurement data and performs fitting processing by using a least square method, the industrial transmission program outputs the processed temperature measurement data in a 4-20 mA current form, the data interaction program receives and sends data through an HART communication unit and displays temperature information in real time through a screen display unit, and the temperature conversion program calculates the measured ambient temperature and a pipe wall thermometer to obtain the temperature in a pipeline according to the principle.
The further improvement lies in that: the main control chip selects a microcontroller STM32L011F4P6, a power supply module of the hardware system works under the current of 4mA-20mA, the temperature of the temperature detection module is in the range of-40 ℃ to 350 ℃, and the HART communication unit provides HART communication for the hardware system according to protocols specified by an international HART application layer and a data link layer.
The further improvement lies in that: the software design of the software system is written and finished based on Keil provision 5 under a Windows system, and the programming language is C language.
The further improvement lies in that: the temperature detection module selects a temperature acquisition chip AD7124-4, when the wall temperature of the pipe is measured, chip configuration is firstly carried out through MUX, then the wall temperature data of the pipe is acquired through a temperature measuring element platinum resistor Pt100, then the signal is amplified through PGA, finally the measured analog quantity is converted into digital quantity to be transmitted to the main control chip, and the environment temperature acquisition unit measures the environment temperature through a built-in temperature sensor.
The further improvement lies in that: HART communication unit chooses for use AD5700 to realize the HART communication of circuit, the screen display unit is the LCD screen, and driver chip chooses for use HT 1621.
The further improvement lies in that: the isolation circuit converts the 5V direct current output by the loop end of the power supply module into alternating current through the multivibrator, and then the multivibrator generates square waves to drive the transformer and rectify the current into direct current to be used for supplying power to the temperature detection module.
The further improvement lies in that: the main program of the single chip microcomputer controls the initialization work of the main control chip, the screen display unit and the temperature acquisition chip.
The further improvement lies in that: the formula for calculating the temperature in the pipe by the temperature conversion program is as follows:
wherein, t1Ambient temperature, t, detected by the temperature detection module2The temperature of the pipe wall, t, detected by the temperature detection module3Is the temperature in the tube, λ1Thermal conductivity at ambient temperature, with a value ofThermal conductivity in air, λ2The heat conductivity coefficient of the pipeline material is determined by the pipeline material, b1Is the distance from the built-in temperature sensor to the pipe wall, b2Is the length of the temperature measuring element Pt 100.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention supplies power to the temperature detection module through the isolation circuit, reduces the influence of noise on the temperature measurement circuit so as to avoid the influence of a system power supply on the temperature measurement precision, reduces the working current of a hardware circuit by selecting low-power-consumption components, meets the low-cost requirement, reduces the temperature detection error and improves the measurement precision by carrying out sliding mean filtering processing on data, obtains the corresponding relation between the temperature and the measured resistance value by using least square fitting, facilitates temperature calculation, provides HART communication for the hardware system through an HART communication unit, and displays the specific numerical value of the measured temperature through a screen display unit, thereby facilitating data transmission and direct reading of the measured temperature value by a user, and compared with the field temperature detection efficiency, the system is simpler and safer to install and debug due to a non-invasive measurement means, and is lower in cost compared with a non-invasive temperature transmitter abroad, is suitable for large-scale application.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a hardware system architecture of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the software system mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a minimum system of a single chip microcomputer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a reset circuit of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of an AD7124 peripheral interface according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of an AD5421 external interface of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of an AD5700 peripheral interface according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of an HT1621 interface of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the embodiment provides a non-invasive temperature measurement system in a pipeline for thick oil recovery, which comprises a hardware system and a software system, wherein the hardware system comprises a minimum system of a single chip microcomputer, a temperature detection module, an industrial transmission module, a data interaction module, a power supply module and an isolation circuit, the temperature detection module, the industrial transmission module, the data interaction module and the power supply module are all connected with the minimum system of the single chip microcomputer, the power supply module is connected with the temperature detection module through the isolation circuit, the minimum system of the single chip microcomputer is built by taking a microcontroller STM32L011F4P6 as a main control chip and is attached with a reset circuit, a starting mode selection circuit and an SWD program downloading circuit so as to ensure the basic operation of the STM32L011F4P6, wherein an interface of the SWD program downloading circuit is used as a debugging interface, the temperature detection module measures temperature by using an RTD four-wire connection method and comprises a pipe wall temperature acquisition unit and an environmental temperature acquisition unit, the industrial transmitting module selects a signal output chip AD5421 to realize 4-20 mA output of the circuit, the data interaction module comprises an HART communication unit and a screen display unit used for displaying a specific numerical value of measured temperature, the power supply module supplies power to the whole system in a loop power supply mode, and the isolation circuit supplies power to the temperature detection module independently;
the STM32L011F4P6 core is ARM32 bit
In the running mode, the power consumption is only 76 muA/MHz, under the condition of not losing any RAM data, the power consumption of the stop mode is 0.54 muA, and only 5 mus is needed for waking up from the flash memory;
the software system comprises a single chip microcomputer main program, a temperature detection program, a data processing program, an industrial transmission program, a data interaction program and a temperature conversion program, wherein the single chip microcomputer main program controls the software operation of the whole system and is responsible for the execution sequence of the working program of the whole system and the coordination work among different modules, the temperature detection program acquires temperature measurement data of an RTD four-wire temperature measurement circuit in the temperature detection module, the data processing program uses a sliding mean filtering process to acquire the temperature measurement data and uses a least square method to carry out fitting processing, the industrial transmission program outputs the processed temperature measurement data in a current form of 4mA-20mA, and the data interaction program receives and sends the data through an HART communication unit, and displaying temperature information in real time through a screen display unit, and calculating the measured ambient temperature and the pipe wall temperature by a temperature conversion program according to the thermodynamic principle to obtain the temperature in the pipeline.
The power module of the hardware system works under the current of 4mA-20mA, the temperature of the temperature detection module is in the range of-40 ℃ to 350 ℃, and the HART communication unit provides HART communication for the hardware system according to the protocol specified by the international HART application layer and the data link layer.
The software design of the software system is written and finished based on Keil uvision5 under a Windows system, and the programming language is C language.
The temperature detection module selects a temperature acquisition chip AD7124-4 which has three power supply modes, namely a 2.7V to 3.6V single analog power supply, a 1.8V double power supply and a 1.65V to 3.6V digital power supply, the chip can realize three-wire or four-wire RTD measurement, a four-wire connection method is selected, the chip is packaged by a 32-pin LFCSP, a bare bonding pad is arranged at the bottom of the chip, the bonding pad AVSS is connected to avoid the instability of the chip power, when the wall temperature of the tube is measured, the chip configuration is firstly carried out by an MUX, the wall temperature data of the tube is acquired by a temperature measuring element Pt100, then a signal is amplified by a PGA, finally the measured analog quantity is converted into a digital quantity to be transmitted to a main control chip, an environment temperature acquisition unit measures the environment temperature by a built-in temperature sensor, and data interaction is carried out between the main control chip STM32L011F4P6 and the temperature acquisition chip AD7124-4Y and a signal output chip AD5421 by using an SPI protocol, the main control chip STM32L011F4P6 is directly powered by a 3.3V logic power supply provided by the signal output chip AD5421 on the loop side, and the temperature acquisition chip AD7124 is also powered by the signal output chip AD 5421.
HART communication unit chooses AD5700 to realize the HART communication of circuit for use, and the screen display unit is the LCD screen, and driver chip chooses HT1621 for use.
The isolation circuit converts 5V direct current output by the loop end of the power supply module into alternating current through the multivibrator, and then the multivibrator generates square waves to drive the transformer TTB5051-T and rectifies the current into direct current for supplying power to the temperature acquisition chip AD7124-4 in the temperature detection module.
The main program of the single chip microcomputer controls the initialization work of the main control chip, the screen display unit and the temperature acquisition chip.
The formula for calculating the temperature in the tube by the temperature conversion program is as follows:
wherein, t1Ambient temperature, t, detected by the temperature detection module2The temperature of the pipe wall, t, detected by the temperature detection module3Is the temperature in the tube, λ1Is the thermal conductivity of the ambient temperature, and has a value of the thermal conductivity in air, λ2The heat conductivity coefficient of the pipeline material is determined by the pipeline material, b1Is the distance from the built-in temperature sensor to the pipe wall, b2Is the length of the temperature measuring element Pt 100.
In the embodiment, the signal isolation is realized by adopting the magnetic coupling isolation chip ADuM1441, the magnetic coupling isolation chip ADuM1441 is provided with 4 independent isolation channels, the configuration of a plurality of channels can be realized, the ultra-low power consumption operation is realized, the 4mA-20mA loop process control is met, and because a power supply circuit in the design is not grounded, the analog signal and the digital signal are separately supplied with power, the interference caused by digital-analog power supply is prevented, so that the signal transmission quality is reduced, and the linear ADP162 voltage stabilizer is used for isolating the 3.3V low-power-consumption power supply voltage in the power circuit.
As shown in fig. 4, the reset circuit is composed of three parts, namely a key SW-PB, a resistor R32 and a capacitor C42, and has two reset modes, namely a power-on reset mode, a manual reset mode and a manual reset mode, wherein no voltage exists at the NRST port under the condition of no power-on, after the power-on, the voltage value of the NRST port does not immediately change to 3.3V due to the existence of the capacitor C42, but a relatively slow charging process exists, so that the NRST port is in a low-level whole within a corresponding time, at the moment, the chip can be reset, the charge on the C42 disappears when the S1 is pressed, the NRST port does not have voltage, and the chip is reset after the S1 is released.
As shown in FIG. 5, the peripheral interface circuit of AD7124 hardware circuit is powered by single power supply, so AVSS is connected to DGND, only one ground plane is needed, AVDD and IOVDD voltages are generated by ADP162 through LDP, both of which are set to 3.3V and 1.8V respectively; when a high-resolution ADC is adopted, the high-resolution ADC has a good decoupling property, AD7124-4 has two power supply pins of AVDD and IOVDD, the references of the two power supply pins are AVSS and DGND respectively, a 1 muF tantalum capacitor and a 0.1 muF capacitor are connected in parallel, then the AVDD is decoupled to the AVSS on each pin, and the closer the 0.1 muF capacitor of each power supply is to the device, the better the situation is to face the device; connecting a 1 muF tantalum capacitor and a 0.1 muF capacitor in parallel, decoupling IOVDD to DGND, and decoupling all analog inputs to AVSS; REFINx (+) and REFINx (-) pins should be decoupled to AVSS if an external reference voltage source is used; AD7124-4 also has two on-chip LDO regulators, one regulating AVDD supply and the other regulating IOVDD supply, for the REGCAPA pin, it is decoupled to AVSS by 0.1 μ F capacitance, similarly for the REGCAPD pin, it is decoupled to DGND by 0.1 μ F capacitance, after the internal reference voltage source is selected, the reference voltage source is connected to the modulator inside the device, it can also be provided by REFOUT pin, when the internal reference voltage source is active, a 0.1 μ F decoupling capacitance is needed on REFOUT.
As shown in fig. 6, the SDIN, SDO, SCLK, and SYNC pins of the AD5421 communicate with the single chip microcomputer directly based on the SPI protocol, where the pin SYNC is a DAC chip select signal, and starts to transmit data when the SYNC changes to a low level, the FAULT alarm function of the AD5421 is provided to the controller through the FAULT pin and an internal FAULT register, and when the FAULT pin is set to a high level, it indicates that the circuit is faulty, and the 3.3V digital power output of the DVDD pin is used for providing the microcontroller STM32L011F4P6 and AD5700 for use.
As shown in fig. 7, the voltage source of AD5700 is from pin DVDD of AD5421, the size is 3.3V, HART uses RC filter in the process of inputting, and is coupled with ADC _ IP pin in the modulation regulator through LOOP + terminal, RC filter belongs to the first stage in the mechanism, it plays a role in demodulating HART in operation, and can shield the influence caused by external electromagnetic environment to a certain extent, this embodiment uses external band-pass filter with specification of 150k Ω resistor, this element can control the current in the system well, it ensures that the related elements will not be damaged due to overload, meanwhile, in this environment, the input terminal can bear the impact caused by higher voltage in normal operation state, so it does not need to add extra protection circuit in practical application, only its own protection mechanism, stable operation of the system can also be ensured.
As shown in fig. 8, only four pins inside HT1621 are used for interfacing, CS is used for initialization, when the state of CS is "1", the command exchanged between the host controller and HT1621 is invalid, and initialization operation is performed on it at the same time, DATA implements DATA input and output in the system, other devices perform read and write operations on DATA of the system through the port, RD represents read clock input, between the rising edge and the falling edge of the pin signal, the host controller can read DATA, WR represents write clock input, and the pin is valid on the rising edge of the signal.
In this embodiment, the SPI protocol is used for data interaction between the main control chip STM32L011F4P6 and the signal acquisition chip AD7124-4 and the signal output chip AD5421, because the data port is shared when the data input/output chip is connected to the main controller, only the working mode is switched through the chip selection enabling, and the data port has interference to affect the signal transmission and further affect the measurement accuracy, in order to prevent the communication protocol from affecting each other, the isolation chip ADuM1441 is used to isolate the signal input from the signal output chip, and simultaneously, the output pins between the signal output chip AD5421 and the single chip STM32L011F4P6 are the same, the isolation chip is used to save the internal I/O port of the single chip, thereby ensuring the reliability of communication and improving the accuracy.
In the embodiment, a power supply is supplied by an AD5421 chip through a loop, and then supplies power to the rest part of the circuit, wherein a main control chip STM32L011F4P6 is directly supplied by a 3.3V logic power supply provided by the AD5421 loop side, and an AD7124 chip is also supplied by the AD5421 chip, but the AD7124 chip is a signal acquisition chip and needs to be independently supplied with power in order to ensure the accuracy of signal acquisition and prevent noise from interfering with the circuit, a 5V direct current excitation power supply is output by a REGOUT pin through a setting voltage regulator of the AD5421 and is converted into alternating current through a multivibrator, the multivibrator generates square waves to drive a transformer TTB5051-T, the 5V voltage on a secondary side is rectified and regulated by a voltage regulator ADP162, and the current is rectified into direct current and then outputs 3.3V voltage through the voltage regulator ADP162 to be used for supplying power to the AD7124 of the signal acquisition chip.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a non-invasive temperature measurement system in pipeline for viscous crude exploitation which characterized in that: comprises a hardware system and a software system, wherein the hardware system comprises a singlechip minimum system, a temperature detection module, an industrial transmission module, a data interaction module, a power supply module and an isolation circuit, the temperature detection module, the industrial transmitting module, the data interaction module and the power supply module are all connected with the minimum system of the single chip microcomputer, the power supply module is connected with the temperature detection module through an isolation circuit, the single chip microcomputer minimum system is built by taking a microcontroller as a main control chip and is attached with a reset circuit, a starting mode selection circuit and an SWD program downloading circuit, the temperature detection module comprises a pipe wall temperature acquisition unit and an ambient temperature acquisition unit, the data interaction module comprises an HART communication unit and a screen display unit for displaying specific numerical values of measured temperature, the power supply module supplies power to the whole system in a loop power supply mode, and the isolation circuit supplies power to the temperature detection module independently;
the software system comprises a single chip microcomputer main program, a temperature detection program, a data processing program, an industrial transmission program, a data interaction program and a temperature conversion program, wherein the single chip microcomputer main program controls the software of the whole system to run, the temperature detection program acquires temperature measurement data in a temperature detection module, the data processing program uses a sliding mean value filter to process the acquired temperature measurement data and performs fitting processing by using a least square method, the industrial transmission program outputs the processed temperature measurement data in a 4mA-20mA current mode, the data interaction program receives and sends data through an HART communication unit and displays temperature information in real time through a screen display unit, and the temperature conversion program calculates the measured ambient temperature and a pipe wall thermometer according to the thermodynamic principle to obtain the temperature in a pipeline.
2. The system for measuring the non-invasive temperature in the pipeline for thick oil recovery according to claim 1, wherein: the main control chip selects a microcontroller STM32L011F4P6, a power supply module of the hardware system works under the current of 4mA-20mA, the temperature of the temperature detection module is in the range of-40 ℃ to 350 ℃, and the HART communication unit provides HART communication for the hardware system according to protocols specified by an international HART application layer and a data link layer.
3. The system for measuring the non-invasive temperature in the pipeline for thick oil recovery according to claim 1, wherein: the software design of the software system is written and finished based on Keil provision 5 under a Windows system, and the programming language is C language.
4. The system for measuring the non-invasive temperature in the pipeline for thick oil recovery according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature detection module selects a temperature acquisition chip AD7124-4, when the wall temperature of the pipe is measured, the chip configuration is firstly carried out through MUX, then the wall temperature data of the pipe is acquired through a temperature measurement element platinum resistor Pt100, then the signal is amplified through PGA, finally the measured analog quantity is converted into digital quantity and is transmitted into the main control chip, and the environment temperature acquisition unit measures the environment temperature through a built-in temperature sensor.
5. The system for measuring the non-invasive temperature in the pipeline for thick oil recovery according to claim 1, wherein: HART communication unit chooses for use AD5700 to realize the HART communication of circuit, the screen display unit is the LCD screen, and driver chip chooses for use HT 1621.
6. The system for measuring the non-invasive temperature in the pipeline for thick oil recovery according to claim 1, wherein: the isolation circuit converts the 5V direct current output by the loop end of the power supply module into alternating current through the multivibrator, and then the multivibrator generates square waves to drive the transformer and rectify the current into direct current to be used for supplying power to the temperature detection module.
7. The system for measuring the non-invasive temperature in the pipeline for thick oil recovery according to claim 4, wherein: the main program of the single chip microcomputer controls the initialization work of the main control chip, the screen display unit and the temperature acquisition chip.
8. The system for measuring the non-invasive temperature in the pipeline for thick oil recovery according to claim 4, wherein: the formula for calculating the temperature in the pipe by the temperature conversion program is as follows:
wherein, t1Ambient temperature, t, detected by the temperature detection module2The temperature of the pipe wall, t, detected by the temperature detection module3Is the temperature in the tube, λ1Is the thermal conductivity of the ambient temperature, and has a value of the thermal conductivity in air, λ2The heat conductivity coefficient of the pipeline material is determined by the pipeline material, b1Is the distance from the built-in temperature sensor to the pipe wall, b2Is the length of the temperature measuring element Pt 100.
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