CN114482611A - Self-repairing method for concrete - Google Patents

Self-repairing method for concrete Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114482611A
CN114482611A CN202210261133.9A CN202210261133A CN114482611A CN 114482611 A CN114482611 A CN 114482611A CN 202210261133 A CN202210261133 A CN 202210261133A CN 114482611 A CN114482611 A CN 114482611A
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concrete
repairing
shell
repair
self
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CN114482611B (en
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杨乐
刘合敏
应赛
张建文
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Yangtze Normal University
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Yangtze Normal University
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04BUILDING
    • E04GSCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G23/00Working measures on existing buildings
    • E04G23/02Repairing, e.g. filling cracks; Restoring; Altering; Enlarging
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Working Measures On Existing Buildindgs (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a concrete self-repairing method, which is characterized in that a concrete repairing capsule is added into concrete, and the repairing liquid in the concrete repairing capsule flows out to repair a concrete crack after the concrete crack is generated. The method can repair the crack in the process of closing the concrete crack, has the advantage of better repairing effect, and is particularly suitable for repairing the concrete crack caused by reciprocating load.

Description

Self-repairing method for concrete
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete structure erosion repair research, in particular to a concrete self-repairing method.
Background
Concrete is the most common structural material in building engineering, and the durability research of a concrete structure has very important function and significance for the life estimation of the concrete structure. When the concrete structure is used, cracks are easily generated due to sulfate corrosion, overlarge bearing pressure, overlarge bearing impact and the like, the strength of the concrete structure is reduced, and the safety of buildings is damaged.
In response to concrete cracks, the prior art adopts a technology of adding a repair capsule into concrete, and the principle is that when the concrete cracks, the capsule inside cracks together, and repair liquid in the capsule can flow out to enter the cracks and solidify to repair the cracks. The repairing liquid can be microbial liquid, such as a microbial microcapsule for self-repairing of concrete cracks disclosed in CN202110400525.4, a preparation method thereof and self-repairing concrete; and patent technologies such as a composite capsule underground structure concrete self-repairing system with built-in aerobic microorganisms disclosed in CN201210580233.4 are all in such manners. The repair liquid can also adopt a chemical reagent mode, for example, CN20, 0810067312.9 self-repairing concrete using urea-formaldehyde resin polymer microcapsules and a manufacturing method thereof, and patent technologies such as a cn201811175226.x polystyrene microcapsule self-repairing concrete structure and a manufacturing method thereof are the modes.
The existing microcapsule repairing mode takes a microbial capsule as an example, and the specific process is that the microbial repairing capsule is of a capsule structure or a spherical structure, when a crack extends to the capsule, the shell of the capsule is broken, microbial liquid in the capsule flows out, the microbial liquid breathes in the crack in an aerobic manner, and reacts with water and carbon dioxide in the air to enable carbonate ions in the carbon dioxide to be changed into calcium carbonate precipitates to fill the crack. The chemical agent encapsulation principle is similar to it. Therefore, in the conventional self-repairing concrete, after the crack is generated, the crack is filled by the microorganisms in the capsule, and hard calcium carbonate (or other component connecting substances) is generated in the crack. Thus, although the repair can be achieved, the crack is blocked by the repair material, the crack is difficult to close naturally, and the crack is difficult to recover because the crack is larger and larger with the increase of the filler in the crack. Particularly, for some cracks generated under the reciprocating load action, such as a vehicle bridge, the cracks are generated under the load action, the original cracks can be naturally closed after the load disappears, but the cracks cannot be closed after being opened under the action of the repair capsule, so that the final repair effect is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: how to provide a concrete self-repairing method with better crack repairing effect, which is particularly suitable for repairing concrete cracks caused by reciprocating loads.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a concrete self-repairing method is characterized in that repairing liquid is controlled to be kept in the concrete repairing capsule in the opening process of the concrete crack, and the repairing liquid is controlled to flow out to repair the concrete in the closing process of the concrete crack.
Thus, in the scheme, when the crack is opened, the repair liquid in the crack is controlled not to leak, and when the crack is naturally closed, the repair liquid in the crack is controlled to flow out. The crack that the concrete produced is restoreed and is filled again after the crack is closed naturally like this to realize the holistic self-repairing of concrete structure, can not lead to the crack to restore bigger result more, can not produce obvious deformation after the concrete is restoreed, so whole repair effect is better. The method is more suitable for repairing cracks caused by reciprocating loads.
Further, the concrete repairing capsule is a microorganism repairing capsule, and the repairing liquid is a microorganism repairing liquid.
Therefore, when the microbial capsule is used, the microbial capsule flows out by means of a microbial repairing liquid, aerobic respiration is carried out in the cracks, and the microbial capsule reacts with water and carbon dioxide in the air, so that carbonate ions in the carbon dioxide are changed into calcium carbonate precipitates to fill the cracks, the repairing reaction is fast, and the repairing effect is good.
The self-control lag type concrete repair capsule comprises a shell and repair liquid positioned in the shell, the shell comprises an inner shell and an outer shell which are sleeved, the repair liquid is contained in the inner shell, the shell is at least provided with a repair side face, a section of elastic material section is arranged at the middle position of the inner shell positioned on the repair side face, a repair liquid outlet is further formed in the position of the non-repair side face on the inner shell, the repair liquid outlet is communicated with a liquid outlet channel arranged in the inner shell, the liquid outlet channel extends to the repair side face, a one-way sliding tooth matching structure is arranged between the outer surface of the inner shell and the inner surface of the outer shell at the positions on two sides of the elastic material section and comprises an inner sliding tooth fixed on the outer surface of the inner shell and an outer sliding tooth fixed on the inner surface of the outer shell, and the sliding teeth in the outer sliding tooth and the inner sliding tooth are respectively provided with a vertical surface perpendicular to the repair side face and an oblique sliding tooth inclined towards the outer side And (5) kneading.
Therefore, when the crack extends to the outer shell, the outer shell is broken to expose the liquid outlet channel, and the outer shells on the two sides are far away from each other along with the crack. At the moment, due to the existence of the one-way sliding tooth matching structure, relative sliding is formed between the outer shell and the inner shell, when the crack is opened, the outer shell has sliding friction on the inner shell, the sliding teeth slide, and the acting force is small. When the crack is closed, the outer sliding teeth on the outer shell are meshed with the inner sliding teeth on the inner shell, so that the inner shell is pushed and compressed, the elastic material section is extruded, the repair liquid in the inner shell is extruded into the liquid outlet channel from the repair liquid outlet, and flows out from the crack to repair the crack. Therefore, the repairing liquid is not stressed and is kept in the inner shell in the crack opening process, and the repairing liquid is extruded for repairing in the crack closing process. Therefore, the crack is ensured to be repaired again in a closed state, the crack cannot be expanded to be larger in the repairing process, and a better repairing effect is achieved. And makes it particularly suitable for use in the repair of concrete structure cracks caused by reciprocating loads, such as a bridge. Certainly, during implementation, the method can also be realized by adopting self-control hysteresis type concrete repair capsules with other structural forms, for example, the shell is made of a hard material so as not to crack along with the crack, the shell is provided with a liquid outlet and a switch valve, and the pressure sensor is adopted to detect that the crack is closed and then control the switch valve to open so that the repair liquid flows out to repair the crack.
Further, the elastic material section is in an arc shape which is concavely arranged.
Like this, at the crack opening in-process, under the effect of one-way sliding tooth friction force, the inner shell can produce a small amount of syntropy and expand outward along with the shell, and elastic material outwards opens like this, and inner shell inner chamber volume increases keeps suction better for repair liquid in the inner shell keeps in the inner shell inner chamber at this moment. When the outer shell is contracted and closed due to the closure of the crack, the elastic material section of the inner shell can be better extruded to be concave inwards, the volume of the inner cavity of the inner shell is reduced, and the repair liquid can be more favorably extruded.
Furthermore, the area occupied by the elastic material section in the repair side surface is larger than that occupied by the one-way sliding tooth matching structure.
Thus, the cracks can reach the area occupied by the elastic material segments under most conditions, and the effect can be better ensured.
Further, the outer shell strength is lower than the inner shell strength.
In this way, the outer shell can follow the crack to open when the crack is better spread, and the inner shell is not influenced by the crack expansion.
Further, the shell strength is lower than the crack propagation strength. This may better enable the housing to crack following the crack.
Furthermore, the outer surface of the shell is a rough surface. This allows the shell to better bond with the concrete and crack along with the crack.
Further, the cross section of the shell is oval, and the repair side faces are located on two opposite long side sides of the oval.
Therefore, when the crack grows to pass through the concrete repairing capsule, the two repairing side surfaces can play a role, and the repairing liquid flows out to repair the crack.
Further, the repair liquid outlet is positioned on two arc-shaped end side edges of the oval. The stability of liquid outlet can be better ensured.
Furthermore, the two repair liquid outlets are arranged on the two elliptical arc-shaped end side edges, and the liquid outlet channel is integrally in an elliptical ring shape surrounding the shell. Therefore, the stability and timeliness of liquid discharge can be better ensured.
Furthermore, a guide block made of a magnetic material is fixedly arranged on the shell.
Thus, the capsules can better function only by arranging the repair side face opposite to the crack growth direction, and if the capsules are randomly distributed in concrete in use, a part of the capsules cannot generate better function effect because the directions are not correct. Therefore, after the guide block made of the magnetic material is arranged on the shell, in the pouring construction process and before concrete is solidified, a short-time strong magnetic field effect can be applied to the area range where the capsule is located (the capsule is usually added and used in a concrete structure at a position where cracks are easy to generate), the capsule shell is guided to turn, the repair side face of the capsule shell is adjusted to face the crack growth direction, and the capsule shell can better play a role.
The invention also discloses a construction, installation and adjustment method of the concrete repair capsule, namely, at least one guide block made of magnetic material is fixedly arranged on the shell of the concrete repair capsule, when the concrete is constructed, the concrete repairing capsule is added into a concrete structure at a position where cracks are easy to generate and is uniformly poured into the concrete, before concrete pouring and solidification, an external electromagnetic field is adopted to apply short-time strong magnetic field action (preferably, strong electromagnetic field action is synchronously applied during vibration in the pouring process, the capsule transferring effect is improved by means of the vibration effect of vibration), the application time can be about one second or several seconds, the frequency can be applied once or several times, the magnetic field intensity is accurate to the direction of the concrete repairing capsule (the concrete size can be obtained through experiments), such that the concrete repair capsules are turned such that the particular side faces point in the direction of concrete cracking (typically the direction in which the particular side faces are parallel to the outer surface of the concrete). Thus, when the method for installing and adjusting the concrete repair capsules is used for common concrete repair capsules, one outer side surface or two opposite outer side surfaces of the concrete repair capsules can be made of materials which are easy to break, and then the direction of the outer side surface or two opposite outer side surfaces of the concrete repair capsules is adjusted by the method to face the crack growth direction, so that the concrete repair capsules can better crack along with the cracks to play a role when being used. Of course, the adjusting method is preferably used for the self-control hysteresis type concrete repair capsule in the application, so that the installation direction can be controlled, and the function of the capsule can be better exerted.
Further, the guide blocks are two and fixed on the two arc-shaped end side edges of the oval.
The guide block can thus perform a better guiding function without interfering with the functional function of the repair side.
Further, the guide block protrudes from the outer surface of the housing. In this way, it can be set large enough to better perform the magnetic field guiding function.
Further, the guide block is embedded in the housing. Therefore, the guide block can be better protected, and the guide effect is prevented from being lost due to collision and falling.
In conclusion, the method can repair the cracks in the process of closing the concrete cracks, has the advantage of better repairing effect, and is particularly suitable for repairing the concrete cracks caused by reciprocating loads.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a self-control lag concrete repair capsule according to an embodiment of the present invention. The inner shell is shown with hatching removed to more clearly show the structure.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged partial structural view of a single sliding tooth matching structure in fig. 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
a concrete self-repairing method is characterized in that a concrete repairing capsule is added into concrete, and after a concrete crack is generated, the concrete crack is repaired by means of outflow of repairing liquid in the concrete repairing capsule, wherein the repairing liquid is controlled to be kept in the concrete repairing capsule in the opening process of the concrete crack, and the concrete is repaired by controlling outflow of the repairing liquid in the closing process of the concrete crack.
Thus, in the scheme, when the crack is opened, the repair liquid in the crack is controlled not to leak, and when the crack is naturally closed, the repair liquid in the crack is controlled to flow out. The crack that the concrete produced is restoreed and is filled again after the crack is closed naturally like this to realize the holistic self-repairing of concrete structure, can not lead to the crack to restore bigger result more, can not produce obvious deformation after the concrete is restoreed, so whole repair effect is better. The method is more suitable for repairing cracks caused by reciprocating loads.
Wherein the concrete repairing capsule is a microorganism repairing capsule, and the repairing liquid is a microorganism repairing liquid.
Therefore, when the microbial capsule is used, the microbial capsule flows out by means of a microbial repairing liquid, aerobic respiration is carried out in the cracks, and the microbial capsule reacts with water and carbon dioxide in the air, so that carbonate ions in the carbon dioxide are changed into calcium carbonate precipitates to fill the cracks, the repairing reaction is fast, and the repairing effect is good.
In this embodiment, the concrete repair capsule is a self-control hysteresis type concrete repair capsule, see fig. 1-2, the self-control hysteresis type concrete repair capsule comprises a shell and a repair liquid 1 located in the shell, the shell comprises an inner shell 2 and an outer shell 3 which are sleeved, the repair liquid 1 is contained in the inner shell 2, the shell at least has one repair side, a section of elastic material section 4 is arranged in the middle of the repair side of the inner shell, a repair liquid outlet 5 is further arranged on the inner shell at a position on the non-repair side, the repair liquid outlet 5 is communicated with a liquid outlet channel 6 arranged in the outer shell, the liquid outlet channel 6 extends to the repair side, a one-way sliding tooth matching structure is arranged between the outer surface of the inner shell and the inner surface of the outer shell at positions on both sides of the elastic material section, the one-way sliding tooth matching structure comprises an inner sliding tooth 7 fixed on the outer surface of the inner shell and an outer sliding tooth 8 fixed on the inner surface of the outer shell, each of the outer sliding teeth 8 and the inner sliding teeth 7 has a vertical surface perpendicular to the repair side surface and an inclined surface inclined to the outside.
Therefore, when the crack extends to the outer shell, the outer shell is broken to expose the liquid outlet channel, and the outer shells on the two sides are far away from each other along with the crack. At the moment, due to the existence of the one-way sliding tooth matching structure, relative sliding is formed between the outer shell and the inner shell, when the crack is opened, the outer shell has sliding friction on the inner shell, the sliding teeth slide, and the acting force is small. When the crack is closed, the outer sliding teeth on the outer shell are meshed with the inner sliding teeth on the inner shell, so that the inner shell is pushed and compressed, the elastic material section is extruded, the repair liquid in the inner shell is extruded into the liquid outlet channel from the repair liquid outlet, and flows out from the crack to repair the crack. Therefore, the repairing liquid is not stressed and is kept in the inner shell in the crack opening process, and the repairing liquid is extruded for repairing in the crack closing process. Therefore, the crack is ensured to be repaired again in a closed state, the crack cannot be expanded to be larger in the repairing process, and a better repairing effect is achieved. And makes it particularly suitable for use in the repair of concrete structure cracks caused by reciprocating loads, such as a bridge.
Certainly, as another implementation manner, during implementation, the method may also be implemented by using a self-control hysteresis type concrete repair capsule with other structural forms, for example, the shell is made of a hard material so as not to crack along with the crack, the shell is provided with a liquid outlet and a switch valve, and the pressure sensor is used for detecting the crack and controlling the switch valve to open in the closing process so as to enable the repair liquid to flow out to repair the crack.
In this embodiment, the elastic material segment 4 is an arc shape that is concave.
Like this, at the crack opening in-process, under the effect of one-way sliding tooth friction force, the inner shell can produce a small amount of syntropy and expand outward along with the shell, and elastic material outwards opens like this, and inner shell inner chamber volume increases keeps suction better for repair liquid in the inner shell keeps in the inner shell inner chamber at this moment. When the outer shell is contracted and closed due to the closure of the crack, the elastic material section of the inner shell can be better extruded to be concave inwards, the volume of the inner cavity of the inner shell is reduced, and the repair liquid can be more favorably extruded.
Wherein, the area occupied by the elastic material section 4 in the repair side surface is larger than the area occupied by the one-way sliding tooth matching structure.
Thus, the cracks can reach the position of the area occupied by the elastic material section under most conditions, and the effect can be better ensured.
Wherein the strength of the outer shell 3 is lower than that of the inner shell 2.
In this way, the outer shell can follow the crack to open when the crack is better spread, and the inner shell is not influenced by the crack expansion.
Wherein the strength of the shell 3 is lower than the expansion strength of the crack 9. This may better enable the housing to crack following the crack.
Wherein, the outer surface of the shell 3 is a rough surface. This allows the shell to better bond with the concrete and crack along with the crack.
The cross section of the shell is oval, and the repair side faces are located on two opposite long side edges of the oval.
Therefore, when the crack grows to pass through the concrete repairing capsule, the two repairing side surfaces can play a role, and the repairing liquid flows out to repair the crack.
Wherein the repair liquid outlet 5 is positioned on the two arc-shaped end side edges of the ellipse. The stability of liquid outlet can be better ensured.
The two repairing liquid outlets 5 are arranged on the two arc-shaped end side edges of the oval, and the liquid outlet channel is integrally in an oval ring shape surrounding the shell. Therefore, the stability and timeliness of liquid discharge can be better ensured.
Wherein, the housing is also fixedly provided with a guide block 10 made of magnetic material.
Thus, the capsules can better function only by arranging the repair side face opposite to the crack growth direction, and if the capsules are randomly distributed in concrete in use, a part of the capsules cannot generate better function effect because the directions are not correct. Therefore, after the guide block made of the magnetic material is arranged on the shell, in the pouring construction process and before concrete is solidified, a short-time strong magnetic field effect can be applied to the area range where the capsule is located (the capsule is usually added and used in a concrete structure at a position where cracks are easy to generate), the capsule shell is guided to turn, the repair side face of the capsule shell is adjusted to face the crack growth direction, and the capsule shell can better play a role.
The invention also discloses a construction, installation and adjustment method of the concrete repair capsule, namely, at least one guide block made of magnetic material is fixedly arranged on the shell of the concrete repair capsule, when the concrete is constructed, the concrete repairing capsule is added into a concrete structure at a position where cracks are easy to generate and is uniformly poured into the concrete, before concrete pouring and solidification, an external electromagnetic field is adopted to apply short-time strong magnetic field action (preferably, strong electromagnetic field action is synchronously applied during vibration in the pouring process, the capsule transferring effect is improved by means of the vibration effect of vibration), the application time can be about one second or several seconds, the frequency can be applied once or several times, the magnetic field intensity is accurate to the direction of the concrete repairing capsule (the concrete size can be obtained through experiments), such that the concrete repair capsules are turned such that the particular side faces point in the direction of concrete cracking (typically the direction in which the particular side faces are parallel to the outer surface of the concrete). Thus, when the method for installing and adjusting the concrete repair capsules is used for common concrete repair capsules, one outer side surface or two opposite outer side surfaces of the concrete repair capsules can be made of materials which are easy to break, and then the direction of the outer side surface or two opposite outer side surfaces of the concrete repair capsules is adjusted by the method to face the crack growth direction, so that the concrete repair capsules can better crack along with the cracks to play a role when being used. Of course, the adjusting method is preferably used for the self-control hysteresis type concrete repair capsule in the application, so that the installation direction can be controlled, and the function of the capsule can be better exerted.
Wherein, the guide block 10 is two and is fixed on the two arc end side edges of the ellipse.
The guide block can thus perform a better guiding function without interfering with the functional function of the repair side.
Wherein the guide blocks 10 protrude from the outer surface of the housing. In this way, it can be set large enough to better perform the magnetic field guiding function.
In other embodiments, the guide block is disposed in-line with the housing. Therefore, the guide block can be better protected, and the guide effect is prevented from being lost due to collision and falling.

Claims (10)

1. A concrete self-repairing method is characterized in that repairing liquid is controlled to be kept in the concrete repairing capsule in the opening process of the concrete crack, and the repairing liquid is controlled to flow out to repair the concrete in the closing process of the concrete crack.
2. The concrete self-repairing method of claim 1, wherein the concrete repair capsule is a microbial repair capsule, and the repair liquid is a microbial repair liquid.
3. The concrete self-repairing method of claim 1, wherein the concrete repairing capsule is a self-controlling lagging concrete repairing capsule, the self-controlling lagging concrete repairing capsule comprises a shell and repairing liquid in the shell, the shell comprises an inner shell and an outer shell which are sleeved, the repairing liquid is contained in the inner shell, the shell at least comprises one repairing side surface, a section of elastic material section is arranged in the middle of the repairing side surface of the inner shell, a repairing liquid outlet is also arranged in the position of the non-repairing side surface of the inner shell, the repairing liquid outlet is communicated with a liquid outlet channel arranged in the outer shell, the liquid outlet channel extends to the repairing side surface, a one-way sliding tooth matching structure is arranged between the outer surface of the inner shell and the inner surface of the outer shell at two sides of the elastic material section, the one-way sliding tooth matching structure comprises inner sliding teeth fixed on the outer surface of the inner shell and outer sliding teeth fixed on the inner surface of the outer shell, the outer sliding tooth and the inner sliding tooth each have a vertical surface perpendicular to the repair side surface and an inclined surface inclined to the outside.
4. The method of self-repairing concrete according to claim 3, wherein the elastic material section is in an arc shape which is concavely arranged.
5. The method of self-healing of concrete of claim 3, wherein the area occupied by the section of resilient material in the healing side is greater than the area occupied by the unidirectional sliding tooth mating structure.
6. The method of self-healing concrete of claim 3, wherein the outer shell has a lower strength than the inner shell.
7. The method of self-healing concrete of claim 3, wherein the outer surface of the shell is roughened.
8. The method of self-repairing concrete according to claim 3, wherein the cross section of the shell is an ellipse, and the repairing side is located on two opposite long sides of the ellipse.
9. The method of self-healing concrete of claim 8, wherein the healing liquid outlets are located on two arcuate end side edges of the oval.
10. The concrete self-repairing method of claim 8, wherein the repairing liquid outlet is provided with two and arranged on the two arc-shaped end side edges of the oval shape, and the liquid outlet channel is integrally in an oval ring shape around the shell;
the shell is also fixedly provided with a guide block made of a magnetic material; the guide blocks are two and fixed on the side edges of the two arc ends of the oval.
CN202210261133.9A 2022-03-17 2022-03-17 Self-repairing method for concrete Active CN114482611B (en)

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WO2019172487A1 (en) * 2018-03-07 2019-09-12 한국과학기술원 Microcapsules for self-healing concrete using microorganisms and method for producing same, and self-healing concrete composition containing microcapsules
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