CN114480974B - Production method of high-strength fatigue-resistant sucker rod steel - Google Patents

Production method of high-strength fatigue-resistant sucker rod steel Download PDF

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CN114480974B
CN114480974B CN202210110166.3A CN202210110166A CN114480974B CN 114480974 B CN114480974 B CN 114480974B CN 202210110166 A CN202210110166 A CN 202210110166A CN 114480974 B CN114480974 B CN 114480974B
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CN114480974A (en
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吾塔
王建新
雷洪
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Xinjiang Bayi Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/46—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling metal immediately subsequent to continuous casting
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    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
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    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
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    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/0025—Adding carbon material
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    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
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    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
    • C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
    • C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
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    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/005—Ferrite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/009—Pearlite
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

Abstract

The invention discloses a production method of high-strength fatigue-resistant sucker rod steel, which comprises the following steps: molten iron desulfurization pretreatment, electric furnace smelting, tapping deoxidization alloying, carbureting and impurity removal, ladle inert gas bottom blowing stirring, LF refining treatment, continuous casting, casting blank slow cooling and rolling; and (3) component design: c:0.30 to 0.33 percent; si:0.25-0.35%; mn:0.95 to 1.10 percent; mo:0.20 to 0.30 percent; p: less than or equal to 0.012%; s is less than or equal to 0.005%; ti: 0.045-0.055%; cr:0.85 to 0.95 percent; al:0.025 to 0.035 percent; cu is less than or equal to 0.10 percent; [ Ni ]]≤0.10%；[N]: less than or equal to 0.0045%; then the end point of molten iron desulfurization pretreatment, electric furnace smelting and LF refining treatment is sequentially carried out: the molten steel must have a certain amount of free oxygen, the total oxygen content is controlled to be 0.0025-0.0035%, the LF is finished to be treated with calcium, the feeding line speed is 3.0-3.5 m/s, and the feeding line is quickly combined with oxygen to form CaO molecules, and CaO and Al 2 O 3 Combining to form composite inclusionsThe impurities are caused to float upwards and removed by bottom blowing stirring; and (5) charging and rolling after the continuous casting cold inspection is qualified.

Description

Production method of high-strength fatigue-resistant sucker rod steel
Technical Field
The invention relates to a production method of high-strength fatigue-resistant sucker rod steel, belonging to the field of steel smelting material forming.
Background
The sucker rod is an elongated rod used for the pumping well, is an upper polish rod and is connected with the oil pump at the bottom, and plays a role in transmitting power. The length of the single sucker rod is 7-10 m, the material is generally low-carbon alloy steel, the low-carbon alloy steel is subjected to thermal refining, the low-carbon alloy steel is connected with the single sucker rod in a well pipe by an internal thread hoop, and the sucker rod extends to a piston at an underground oil layer and pumps oil through reciprocating motion. With the increase of the depth of the oil well, the dead weight of the sucker rod is increased, the load of the sucker rod is increased, and the fatigue life of the sucker rod is influenced. Therefore, the design and development of the high-strength, high-toughness and fatigue-resistant sucker rod steel are necessary routes for promoting the technical progress and the green low-carbon development of the petroleum industry, and the dead weight of the sucker rod is reduced and the service life of the sucker rod is prolonged.
In order to meet the oil extraction requirements of various complex deep oil wells, a plurality of sucker rods with new materials and new structures are developed and applied in succession abroad. The domestic sucker rod is mainly a D-level sucker rod. The latest standard SY/T5029-2013 of the domestic sucker rod only describes the basic mechanical property, dimensional tolerance, factory specification and the like of the sucker rod, does not prescribe allowable stress, and influences the design of the H-level sucker rod with higher level. For example, the H-level rod is used for replacing the D-level rod, the maximum diameter of the sucker rod is reduced from 22mm to 19mm, and the mass of the rod column is reduced by 20%. The use of class H sucker rods has the great advantage of reducing the diameter of the sucker rod and reducing the dead weight of the sucker rod.
Because the sucker rod bears the load which changes periodically in the use process, fatigue or corrosion fatigue failure is finally caused, and the fatigue life is the most important index for measuring the quality of the sucker rod. And detecting the fatigue resistance of the ultra-high strength sucker rod sample through a fatigue test, and judging the quality of the sucker rod. And cutting a fracture on the high-strength failure sucker rod, analyzing a microscopic fracture mechanism of the fracture, wherein all fracture cracks originate from a surface corrosion pit, and the expansion area is provided with fatigue striations and secondary cracks, so that the fracture of the sucker rod is shown to be corrosion fatigue fracture by analysis. Thus, the method is applicable to a variety of applications. The development of the high-strength, high-toughness, fatigue-resistant and long-service life sucker rod steel for the deep well sucker rod under variable load is suitable for the green development of the petroleum industry. The steel has high strength, high toughness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and is characterized by high steel purity.
Nonmetallic inclusions in steel tend to be sources of fatigue cracks, such as M where sulfur combines with manganese to form large particlesnS inclusion, low oxide inclusion content, deoxidization product Al of Al 2 O 3 And MgO, caO, siO 2 The complex inclusion formed by the oxide is the most main factor affecting the fatigue life of the sucker rod steel, the segregation of phosphorus in the grain boundary causes embrittlement of the grain boundary, the strength and toughness are reduced, the high hydrogen content in the steel can lead to hydrogen induced cracking of the steel, and the most main factor is that corrosive gas such as hydrogen sulfide exists in a petroleum well, and the hydrogen induced white point becomes a crack source after corrosion, so that the fatigue resistance of the material is reduced. Therefore, improving the purity of steel, controlling the segregation of continuous casting billets and the banded structure of steel are important ways to improve the fatigue resistance of high-strength sucker rod steel, and in order to prevent age hardening of materials, the nitrogen content in the steel needs to be strictly controlled. Therefore, the strict control of sulfur, phosphorus, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen content and nonmetallic inclusions is a primary condition for developing high-strength fatigue-resistant sucker rod steel.
Document retrieval
(1) The patent number 200710037665.X discloses a steel for a high-strength high-toughness continuous sucker rod and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the sucker rod steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c:0.12% -0.22%, si:0.15% -0.40%, mn:0.30% -0.60%, cr:0.40 to 0.60 percent, 0.20 to 0.40 percent of Mo, P: less than or equal to 0.020%; s: less than or equal to 0.015 percent, 0.015 to 0.050 percent of Ti, 0.015 to 0.050 percent of Al, and Cu: less than or equal to 0.30 percent, and [ O ]: less than or equal to 25PPm percent, [ H ]: less than or equal to 1.5PPm, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The tensile strength of the material is 890-1080MPa, the yield strength is 790-855MPa, the elongation after fracture is 20-23.5%, and the yield ratio of the material is 0.796-0.904. Impact energy is greater than 110J
(2) Patent No. 201010279571.5 discloses "an ultra-high strength sucker rod steel", wherein the main chemical components contained in the steel comprise the following components in percentage: c:0.23% -0.46%, si:0.1% -0.3%, mn:1.25% -1.55%, cr:1.7% -2.0%, 0.10% -0.20% of Mo, P: less than or equal to 0.025 percent; s: less than or equal to 0.025 percent, ni:0.10 to 0.20 percent, and Cu is less than or equal to 0.2 percent.
(3) Patent No. 200910113600.8 discloses "a high strength special sucker rod steel". The main chemical components contained in the composition are as follows: c:0.18% -0.24%, si:0.15% -0.30%, mn:0.30% -0.50%, cr:1.7% -2.0%, 0.10% -0.20% of Mo, P: less than or equal to 0.025 percent; s: less than or equal to 0.025 percent, ni:0.10% -0.20%, cu is less than or equal to 0.2%, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The tensile strength is greater than 1050 MPa.
(4) Patent No. 201010292922.6 discloses a multi-element alloyed ultra-high strength sucker rod and a manufacturing method thereof. The sucker rod steel comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c:0.25% -0.29%, si:0.17% -0.37%, mn:0.50% -0.70%, cr: 0.95-1.2%, 0.18-0.25% of Mo, P:0.001% -0.025%; s:0.001% -0.025%, 0.015% -0.050% of Ti, 0.015% -0.050% of Al, and [ O ]: less than or equal to 20PPm percent, [ H ]: less than or equal to 3PPm, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The tensile strength of the material is 1125-1150MPa, the yield strength is 1020-1040MPa, the elongation after fracture is 16-20%, the yield ratio of the material is 0.895-0.915, and the yield ratio of the material is higher.
(5) In the fourth period of 2021, 30CrMoA HL-level sucker rod fracture failure cause analysis is published in welded pipe, and the cause of sucker rod failure is analyzed to be corrosion fatigue fracture. Analysis shows that the sucker rod is broken due to the combined action of the self structure, the high-stress alternating load, the corrosive medium and other factors, so that the service life of the sucker rod is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a production method of high-strength fatigue-resistant sucker rod steel, which adopts a novel method to produce the high-strength, high-toughness and fatigue-resistant sucker rod steel, and improves the fatigue fracture resistance of the sucker rod steel under the alternating working condition of large load.
A method for producing high-strength fatigue-resistant sucker rod steel,
1) The process flow comprises the following steps: molten iron desulfurization pretreatment, electric furnace smelting, tapping deoxidization alloying, carbureting and impurity removal, ladle inert gas bottom blowing stirring, LF refining treatment, continuous casting, casting blank slow cooling and rolling;
2) And (3) component design: c:0.30 to 0.33 percent; si:0.25-0.35%; mn:0.95 to 1.10 percent; mo:0.20 to 0.30 percent; p: less than or equal to 0.012%; s is less than or equal to 0.005%; ti: 0.045-0.055%; cr:0.85 to 0.95 percent; al:0.025 to 0.035 percent; cu is less than or equal to 0.10 percent; ni is less than or equal to 0.10%; [ N ]: less than or equal to 0.0045 percent, and the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities;
3) And (3) desulfurizing and preprocessing molten iron: the method comprises the steps of feeding blast furnace molten iron into a hot metal ladle for desulfurization pretreatment at 1320-1390 ℃ after slag skimming, wherein the desulfurizing agent is active lime and fluorite, the mass ratio of the active lime to the fluorite is 8:2, the adding amount of the desulfurizing agent is 6.5+/-0.5 kg per ton of molten iron, stirring and desulfurizing are carried out by a KR method, and after desulfurization stirring is finished, a slag thickener is added into slag at the top of the molten iron ladle: the main components are CaO+MgO with the sum of 12+/-0.5 percent and AL 2 O 3 About 13%, siO 2 60+ -2%, na 2 O+K 2 The temperature of the soft melting point is less than or equal to 1200 ℃ and is about 5 percent of O, and the addition of the slag can lead the desulphurized slag to be reversely dried and aggregated, reduce the reversion of molten iron, and be beneficial to the slag ejection of the hot metal ladle after desulphurized and the S after the pretreatment of molten iron]The content is not more than 0.001%; the adding amount of the slag thickener is 1 kg/ton of iron, and the slag on the top of the molten iron tank is removed after treatment;
4) The method adopts electric furnace primary smelting, wherein the mass requirements of the waste steel are carbon structural steel, low alloy structural steel, cold rolled steel and other fields for self-producing the waste steel, the waste steel accounts for 65-70% of metal materials, the mass of molten iron is about 35-40%, the charging sequence is that molten iron is firstly added into the furnace, then the waste steel is added, finally active lime is added, the activity of lime is not more than 320ml, the electric furnace melts the waste steel and melts slag, decarburization and dephosphorization are carried out, in order to prevent peroxidation of molten steel, oxygen blowing is carried out in the whole smelting process, foam slag submerged arc smelting is adopted when the iron materials are melted and furnace burden are melted, oxygen pressure is regulated according to melted carbon in the electric furnace, meanwhile, the scientific and reasonable flow ratio of a furnace wall oxygen gun and a furnace door oxygen gun is utilized, the hit rate of molten steel electric furnace end carbon is improved, the target value of the electric furnace end carbon is 0.04-0.08%, the tapping phosphorus content of the electric furnace is not more than 0.008%, the sulfur content is not more than 0.008%, steel is left in the electric furnace, and slag is strictly forbidden; adding lime at one time in the tapping process, sequentially adding carbon powder and calcium carbide, high-carbon ferrochrome and high-carbon ferromanganese, pre-deoxidizing, carbureting and alloying, wherein the calcium carbide and the carbon powder are added when the tapping amount reaches 1/4 of the total amount, the calcium carbide and the carbon powder are added completely before tapping, simultaneously adding aluminum iron for deep deoxidizing molten steel, stirring by bottom blowing argon of a ladle in the whole electric furnace tapping process, and finishing tapping by an oxygen analyzerMeasuring the oxygen content in the molten steel of the ladle, feeding aluminum wires into the molten steel to supplement aluminum when the oxygen content in the molten steel is more than 50ppm, and measuring the aluminum content in the molten steel after bottom argon blowing stirring to be controlled at 0.030-0.050%; in order to prevent nitrogen increase of molten steel in the tapping process and the addition of aluminum iron, 0.30kg of aluminum iron is added into ton steel, then 1kg/t fluorite and 3kg/t lime are added, the component content of ladle top slag is adjusted, the removal of desulfurization and nonmetallic inclusion is facilitated, 2.0kg/t ladle top slag modifier is added, and the main components and the content of modifier are as follows: caO and Al 2 O 3 Premelting slag, siO 2 The content is not more than 5%, the aluminum content is 25-30%, and the pre-melted slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass: caO content of about 45%, al 2 O 3 About 40%, dolomite content about 10%, witherite content about 5%, the above raw materials are fully mixed, sintered, fused, the ladle bottom argon blowing strong stirring time is controlled to be 8 minutes, through pre-deoxidizing molten steel carbon-based alloy and material, the alumina inclusion generation amount is reduced, slag washing and top slag modification are carried out, and impurities are promoted to float in molten steel and top slag is adsorbed and removed;
5) In the LF refining method, slag modifier is added to LF refining top slag after 5-8 minutes in the initial stage of refining, and the main components are SiC and CaC 2 、CaO、CaCO 3 Mixtures of Al flakes and SiO 2 Unavoidable impurities are removed, the ladle top slag is regulated, and the components are CaO content 50% and CaCO 3 20% of SiC, 10% of CaC 2 10% of content and 10% of Al content, 1.5kg of total ton steel, 1.0kg of LF refining initial ton steel and 0.5kg of LF refining ton steel for 12 minutes are added, and the alkalinity viscosity of slag is adjusted to form foam slag, so that contact oxidation of molten steel and air is prevented; in order to prevent nitrogen increase, ensure diffusion deoxidization, adsorption and inclusion removal of reduced refining slag in the LF treatment process of molten steel, the temperature rise time of molten steel needs to be shortened, the temperature rise time of molten steel in LF power supply is not more than 15 minutes, the refining deoxidization and white slag retention time is not more than 15 minutes, the good basis of LF refining slag is judged that the total amount of ferrous oxide and manganese oxide in slag is not more than 1.0 percent, and analysis and sampling are carried out, when [ Al in steel]The s content is less than 0.20 percent, aluminum is added in the refining process, and [ Als ] in the steel before tapping is ensured]Between 0.020% and 0.030%; LF processing end-joiningHigh-silicon ferrotitanium, wherein the titanium content in ferrotitanium is 30%, argon is stirred for 3 minutes for calcium treatment after ferrotitanium is added, and then argon is weakly stirred for 8-12 minutes;
6) End point of LF refining process: the molten steel must have a certain amount of free oxygen, the total oxygen content is controlled to be 0.0025-0.0035%, the LF is finished to be treated with calcium, the feeding line speed is 3.0-3.5 m/s, and the feeding line is quickly combined with oxygen to form CaO molecules, and CaO and Al 2 O 3 Combining to form large-particle low-melting-point composite inclusion of aluminium and calcium oxide, stirring to make the inclusion float upwards to remove, at this time, the calcium content in molten steel is 0.0020-0.0035%, then making RH vacuum treatment of molten steel, mainly dehydrogenation and denitrification so as to make the hydrogen content in steel not greater than 1PPm and N]Less than or equal to 0.0040 percent, and other components meet the requirements of smelting finished product components;
7) The continuous casting method comprises the following steps: the liquidus temperature of molten steel of steel grade is 1513 ℃, the internal quality of casting blank is controlled, the pulling speed is 1.3-1.60 m/min, the target value is 1.40 m/min, the superheat degree of molten steel continuous casting is controlled at 12-26 ℃, the target superheat degree is 15 ℃, the temperature drop of molten steel in the continuous casting process is controlled by adding 300-400 kg of covering agent into each ladle, the ladle cover is not required to be made of steel, the refractory material cover is required to be used, the service life of the sizing water gap of the tundish is required to be longer than 6 hours, the sizing water gap is not required to be replaced in the continuous casting production process, the high-alkalinity low-carbon covering agent is adopted, the components are passivated lime powder with good spreadability is 60%, wollastonite is 40%, and the thickness of the covering agent after melting is greater than 40 mm; the method comprises the steps of adopting electromagnetic stirring of a crystallizer and electromagnetic stirring of a solidification tail end to perform dual stirring, setting the electromagnetic stirring frequency of the crystallizer to be 50HZ, setting the current intensity to be 360A, setting the frequency of the solidification tail end to be 50HZ, setting the current intensity to be 320A, carrying out continuous casting at a low pulling speed, tightly forbidden to generate central shrinkage cavity on a steel billet, carrying out thermal pickling on the steel billet to detect that the central segregation is not more than 0.5 level, carrying out slow cooling and heat preservation on the steel billet to normal temperature, and carrying out furnace charging and rolling after cold inspection is qualified.
Steel billet rolling and material properties:
(1) The soaking temperature of the steel billet is 1180+/-20 ℃, the rolling of a section steel rolling production line is carried out, the rough rolling target temperature is 1080 ℃, the section steel is fed into a finishing mill for multi-pass continuous rolling, the finish rolling finishing temperature is 900+/-10 ℃, round steel with phi 19mm is rolled, and the ovality and the surface quality of the rolled steel meet the severe requirements of users. In order to prevent the round steel from shearing to generate end face cracks, the shearing temperature is higher than 750 ℃.
(2) The tensile strength of the steel is 1170-1265 MPa, the yield strength is 980-1100 MPa, and the elongation after breaking of the steel is 19-23%. The area shrinkage of the steel is more than or equal to 60 percent, and the impact power value of the steel is (AKV) 103-122J.
Production example: (1) smelting the components and properties of the finished product.
Adopting 70 ton direct current arc furnace LF refining, 4 flow square billet continuous casting machine continuous casting, producing 8 furnaces, producing 150mm multiplied by 150 multiplied by mm multiplied by 10500 mm, smelting finished product components [ S ] less than or equal to 0.0035%, [ N ] less than or equal to 0.004 omega% and [ C ] 0.31-0.32%; the specific components are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 sucker rod compositions and corresponding Properties produced by the invention
Figure 322476DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
And (3) fixing hydrogen in the ladle molten steel, wherein the hydrogen content is not more than 0.0001%.
(2) The steel produced by the invention has the advantages of high strength, high tensile strength of 1210-1270 MPa, yield strength of 1010-270 MPa, yield ratio of 0.818-0.897, surface shrinkage of more than 60%, elongation after breaking of 19.5-23%, impact energy of 103-122J, and high strength and toughness. The improvement of the fatigue life of the material is achieved by improving the purity and the homogeneity of the structure of the material. Metallographic detection, namely detecting by adopting an optical microscope, wherein the steel structure is ferrite, pearlite and a small amount of bainite under 500 times, the grain size of the steel is 11.5-12.5 grade under 100 times, and no banded structure is found in the steel detection; and detecting nonmetallic inclusion, wherein the B-class fine system is less than or equal to 0.5 level, the D-class fine system and the Ds-class fine system are not more than 0.5 level, the nitrogen content of the steel is 0.0031-0.0039%, and the total oxygen content is less than 0.0020%. The steel product produced by the invention has the usage amount of more than 5000 tons per year, and no fatigue fracture accident occurs in the designed service life, thus obtaining good economic benefit.
Detailed Description
A method for producing high-strength fatigue-resistant sucker rod steel,
1) The process flow comprises the following steps: molten iron desulfurization pretreatment, electric furnace smelting, tapping deoxidization alloying, carbureting and impurity removal, ladle inert gas bottom blowing stirring, LF refining treatment, continuous casting, casting blank slow cooling and rolling;
2) And (3) component design: c:0.30 to 0.33 percent; si:0.25-0.35%; mn:0.95 to 1.10 percent; mo:0.20 to 0.30 percent; p: less than or equal to 0.012%; s is less than or equal to 0.005%; ti: 0.045-0.055%; cr:0.85 to 0.95 percent; al:0.025 to 0.035 percent; cu is less than or equal to 0.10 percent; ni is less than or equal to 0.10%; [ N ]: less than or equal to 0.0045 percent, and the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities;
3) And (3) desulfurizing and preprocessing molten iron: the method comprises the steps of feeding blast furnace molten iron into a hot metal ladle for desulfurization pretreatment at 1320-1390 ℃ after slag skimming, wherein the desulfurizing agent is active lime and fluorite, the mass ratio of the active lime to the fluorite is 8:2, the adding amount of the desulfurizing agent is 6.5+/-0.5 kg per ton of molten iron, stirring and desulfurizing are carried out by a KR method, and after desulfurization stirring is finished, a slag thickener is added into slag at the top of the molten iron ladle: the main components are CaO+MgO with the sum of 12+/-0.5 percent and AL 2 O 3 About 13%, siO 2 60+ -2%, na 2 O+K 2 The temperature of the soft melting point is less than or equal to 1200 ℃ and is about 5 percent of O, and the addition of the slag can lead the desulphurized slag to be reversely dried and aggregated, reduce the reversion of molten iron, and be beneficial to the slag ejection of the hot metal ladle after desulphurized and the S after the pretreatment of molten iron]The content is not more than 0.001%; the adding amount of the slag thickener is 1 kg/ton of iron, and the slag on the top of the molten iron tank is removed after treatment;
4) The method adopts electric furnace primary smelting, the quality requirements of waste steel are carbon structural steel, low alloy structural steel and waste steel self-produced in fields such as crop ends of cold rolled steel, the waste steel accounts for 65-70% of metal material, the molten iron quality is about 35-40%, the charging sequence is that firstly molten iron is added into the furnace, then the waste steel is added, finally active lime is added, the activity of lime is not more than 320ml, the electric furnace melts the waste steel, melts slag, decarbonizes and dephosphorizes, in order to prevent the peroxidation of molten steel, oxygen is blown in the whole smelting process, when the iron material is melted and furnace burden melts and is cleanedWhen the foam slag submerged arc smelting is adopted, the oxygen pressure is regulated according to the carbon removed from the electric furnace, meanwhile, the scientific and reasonable flow ratio of a furnace wall oxygen lance and a furnace door oxygen lance is utilized, the hit rate of the end point carbon of the molten steel electric furnace is improved, the target value of the end point carbon of the electric furnace is 0.04-0.08%, the phosphorus content of the steel discharged from the electric furnace is not more than 0.008%, the sulfur content of the steel discharged from the electric furnace is not more than 0.008%, steel is left in the electric furnace after the steel is discharged from the electric furnace, and slag discharging is strictly forbidden; adding lime at one time in the tapping process, sequentially adding carbon powder and calcium carbide, high-carbon ferrochrome, high-carbon ferromanganese, pre-deoxidizing, carbureting and alloying, wherein the calcium carbide and the carbon powder are added when the tapping amount reaches 1/4 of the total amount, adding aluminum iron to perform deep deoxidization of molten steel after the tapping is finished, carrying out bottom blowing argon stirring on a steel ladle in the whole process of electric furnace tapping, measuring the oxygen content in the molten steel of the steel ladle after the tapping is finished by adopting an oxygen meter, feeding aluminum wire to supplement aluminum when the oxygen content in the molten steel is more than 50ppm, and measuring the aluminum content in the molten steel after the bottom blowing argon stirring to be controlled to be 0.030-0.050 percent; in order to prevent nitrogen increase of molten steel in the tapping process and the addition of aluminum iron, 0.30kg of aluminum iron is added into ton steel, then 1kg/t fluorite and 3kg/t lime are added, the component content of ladle top slag is adjusted, the removal of desulfurization and nonmetallic inclusion is facilitated, 2.0kg/t ladle top slag modifier is added, and the main components and the content of modifier are as follows: caO and Al 2 O 3 Premelting slag, siO 2 The content is not more than 5%, the aluminum content is 25-30%, caO and Al 2 O 3 The mass percentage content of the premelting slag is as follows: caO content of about 45%, al 2 O 3 About 40%, dolomite content about 10%, witherite content about 5%, the above raw materials are fully mixed, sintered and melted to obtain the final product. And the LF refining ladle is blown with argon and is strongly stirred, so that the ladle desulfurization and inclusion removal effect is improved. The strong stirring time of ladle bottom argon blowing is controlled at 8 minutes. The carbon-based alloy and the material of the molten steel are pre-deoxidized, so that the generation amount of alumina inclusions is reduced, slag washing and top slag modification are performed, and impurities are promoted to float in the molten steel and the top slag is adsorbed and removed.
5) In the LF refining method, slag modifier is added to LF refining top slag after 5-8 minutes in the initial stage of refining, and the main components are SiC and CaC 2 、CaO、CaCO 3 Mixtures of Al flakes and SiO 2 And the unavoidable impurities are removed, the ladle top slag is modified, and the components areIs 50% of CaO and CaCO 3 20% of SiC, 10% of CaC 2 10% of content and 10% of Al content, 1.5kg of total ton steel, 1.0kg of LF refining initial ton steel and 0.5kg of LF refining ton steel for 12 minutes are added, and the alkalinity viscosity of slag is adjusted to form foam slag to prevent contact oxidation of molten steel and air; in order to prevent nitrogen increase, ensure diffusion deoxidization, adsorption and inclusion removal of reduced refining slag in the LF treatment process of molten steel, the temperature rise time of molten steel needs to be shortened, the temperature rise time of molten steel in LF power supply is not more than 15 minutes, the refining deoxidization and white slag retention time is not more than 15 minutes, the good basis of LF refining slag is judged that the total amount of ferrous oxide and manganese oxide in slag is not more than 1.0 percent, and analysis and sampling are carried out, when [ Al in steel]The s content is less than 0.20 percent, aluminum is added in the refining process, and [ Als ] in the steel before tapping is ensured]Between 0.020% and 0.030%; adding high-silicon ferrotitanium with the titanium content of 30% after LF treatment, stirring argon for 3 min after ferrotitanium is added for calcium treatment, and then stirring argon weakly for 8-12 min;
6) End point of LF refining process: the main innovation point of the method is that a certain amount of free oxygen is needed in the molten steel, the total oxygen content is controlled to be 0.0025-0.0035 percent, the LF is finished to be subjected to calcium treatment, the feeding line speed is 3.0-3.5 m/s, and the feeding line is quickly combined with oxygen to form CaO molecules, and the CaO and the Al are combined 2 O 3 Combining to form large-particle low-melting-point composite inclusion of aluminium and calcium oxide, stirring to make the inclusion float upwards to remove, at this time, the calcium content in molten steel is 0.0020-0.0035%, then making RH vacuum treatment of molten steel, mainly dehydrogenation and denitrification so as to make the hydrogen content in steel not greater than 1PPm and N]Less than or equal to 0.0040 percent, and other components meet the requirements of smelting finished product components;
7) The continuous casting method comprises the following steps: the liquidus temperature of molten steel of steel grade is 1513 ℃, the internal quality of casting blank is controlled, the pulling speed is 1.3-1.60 m/min, the target value is 1.40 m/min, the superheat degree of molten steel continuous casting is controlled at 12-26 ℃, the target superheat degree is 15 ℃, the temperature drop of molten steel in the continuous casting process is controlled by adding 300-400 kg of covering agent into each ladle, the ladle cover is not required to be made of steel, the refractory material cover is required to be used, the service life of the sizing water gap of the tundish is required to be longer than 6 hours, the sizing water gap is not required to be replaced in the continuous casting production process, the high-alkalinity low-carbon covering agent is adopted, the components are passivated lime powder with good spreadability is 60%, wollastonite is 40%, and the thickness of the covering agent after melting is greater than 40 mm; the method comprises the steps of adopting electromagnetic stirring of a crystallizer and electromagnetic stirring of a solidification tail end to perform dual stirring, setting the electromagnetic stirring frequency of the crystallizer to be 50HZ, setting the current intensity to be 360A, setting the frequency of the solidification tail end to be 50HZ, setting the current intensity to be 320A, carrying out continuous casting at a low pulling speed, tightly forbidden to generate central shrinkage cavity on a steel billet, carrying out thermal pickling on the steel billet to detect that the central segregation is not more than 0.5 level, carrying out slow cooling and heat preservation on the steel billet to normal temperature, and carrying out furnace charging and rolling after cold inspection is qualified.

Claims (1)

1. A production method of high-strength fatigue-resistant sucker rod steel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) The process flow comprises the following steps: molten iron desulfurization pretreatment, electric furnace smelting, tapping deoxidization alloying, carbureting and impurity removal, ladle inert gas bottom blowing stirring, LF refining treatment, continuous casting, casting blank slow cooling and rolling;
2) And (3) component design: c:0.30 to 0.33 percent; si:0.25-0.35%; mn:0.95 to 1.10 percent; mo:0.20 to 0.30 percent; p: less than or equal to 0.012%; s is less than or equal to 0.005%; ti: 0.045-0.055%; cr:0.85 to 0.95 percent; al:0.025 to 0.035 percent; cu is less than or equal to 0.10 percent; ni is less than or equal to 0.10%; [ N ]: less than or equal to 0.0045 percent, and the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities;
3) And (3) desulfurizing and preprocessing molten iron: the method comprises the steps of feeding blast furnace molten iron into a hot metal ladle for desulfurization pretreatment at 1320-1390 ℃ after slag skimming, wherein the desulfurizing agent is active lime and fluorite, the mass ratio of the active lime to the fluorite is 8:2, the adding amount of the desulfurizing agent is 6.5+/-0.5 kg per ton of molten iron, stirring and desulfurizing are carried out by a KR method, and after desulfurization stirring is finished, a slag thickener is added into slag at the top of the molten iron ladle: the main components are CaO+MgO with the sum of 12+/-0.5 percent and AL 2 O 3 13%, siO 2 60+ -2%, na 2 O+K 2 O is 5 percent, the temperature of a soft melting point is less than or equal to 1200 ℃, and S is the temperature after molten iron pretreatment]The content is not more than 0.001%; the addition amount of the slag thickener is 1 kg/ton of iron,removing slag on the top of the molten iron tank after treatment;
4) The method comprises the steps of smelting by an electric furnace, wherein the quality requirements of the waste steel are carbon structural steel, low alloy structural steel and cold rolled steel, the waste steel accounts for 65-70% of metal materials, the molten iron is firstly added into the furnace, then the waste steel is added, active lime is finally added, the activity degree of the lime is not more than 320ml, the target value of terminal carbon of the electric furnace is 0.04-0.08%, the phosphorus content of the electric furnace tapping is not more than 0.008%, the sulfur content is not more than 0.008%, lime is added in one step in the tapping process, carbon powder and calcium carbide are sequentially added, the calcium carbide and the carbon powder are added when the tapping amount reaches 1/4 of the total amount, all the waste steel is added before the tapping is finished, aluminum iron is added for deep deoxidization of molten steel, argon is blown into a ladle in the whole process after the electric furnace tapping is finished, an oxygen analyzer is used for measuring the oxygen content in the ladle, aluminum is fed into the molten steel when the oxygen content of the molten steel is more than 50ppm, the aluminum is replenished into the molten steel after the argon is blown into the molten steel, and the aluminum content in the molten steel is controlled to be 0.030-0.050%; in order to prevent nitrogen increase of molten steel in the tapping process, 0.30kg of aluminum iron is added into ton of steel, 1kg/t fluorite and 3kg/t lime are added, 2.0kg/t ladle top slag modifier is added, and the main components and contents of modifier are as follows: caO and Al 2 O 3 Premelting slag, siO 2 The content is not more than 5%, the aluminum content is 25-30%, and the pre-melted slag comprises the following components in percentage by mass: caO content 45%, al 2 O 3 40 percent of dolomite, 10 percent of witherite and 5 percent of witherite, and the raw materials are fully mixed, sintered and melted to obtain the steel ladle bottom argon blowing strong stirring time is controlled to be 8 minutes;
5) In the LF refining method, slag modifier is added to LF refining top slag after 5-8 minutes in the initial stage of refining, and the main components are SiC and CaC 2 、CaO、CaCO 3 Mixtures of Al flakes and SiO 2 Unavoidable impurities, the components are CaO content 50%, caCO 3 20% of SiC, 10% of CaC 2 10% of content and 10% of Al content, the total addition amount is 1.5kg of ton steel, and the initial addition amount of LF refining is as follows: 1.0kg of ton steel and the addition amount of LF refining for 12 minutes is as follows: 0.5kg of ton steel, adjusting the alkalinity viscosity of slag to form foam slag, preventing molten steel from oxidizing, and preventing steel from oxidizingThe power transmission temperature-raising time of water in LF is not more than 15 minutes, the refining deoxidization and white slag holding time is ensured to be more than 15 minutes, the basis for judging that the LF refining slag is good is that the total amount of ferrous oxide and manganese oxide in the slag is not more than 1.0 percent, and analysis and sampling are carried out, when [ Al ] in steel]The s content is less than 0.20 percent, aluminum is added in the refining process, and [ Als ] in the steel before tapping is ensured]Between 0.020% and 0.030%; adding high-silicon ferrotitanium with the titanium content of 30% after LF treatment, stirring argon for 3 min after ferrotitanium is added for calcium treatment, and then stirring argon weakly for 8-12 min;
6) End point of LF refining process: the molten steel must have a certain amount of free oxygen, the total oxygen content is controlled to be 0.0025-0.0035%, the LF is finished to be treated with calcium, the feeding line speed is 3.0-3.5 m/s, and the feeding line is quickly combined with oxygen to form CaO molecules, and CaO and Al 2 O 3 Combining to form composite inclusion, floating the inclusion to eliminate with stirring, and RH vacuum treatment to eliminate hydrogen content of not greater than 1PPm and N]Less than or equal to 0.0040 percent, and other components meet the requirements of smelting finished product components;
7) The continuous casting billet is a square billet with the side length of 150mm, the pulling speed is 1.3-1.60 m/min, the target value is 1.40 m/min, the superheat degree of molten steel continuous casting is controlled at 12-26 ℃, the target superheat degree is 15 ℃, the molten steel temperature drop in the continuous casting process is controlled by the ladle baking temperature being more than 850 ℃, a covering agent is added into each ladle, and 300-400 kg of covering agent is added into each ladle, in order to prevent secondary oxidation of molten steel, a steel ladle cover is not needed to be used for a tundish cover, a refractory material ladle cover is needed to be used, the service life of a sizing water gap of the tundish is more than 6 hours, the sizing water gap is not needed to be replaced in the continuous casting production process, the high-alkalinity low-carbon covering agent is adopted, the components are passivation lime powder with good spreadability, wollastonite is 40%, and the thickness of the covering agent after melting is more than 40 mm; the method comprises the steps of adopting electromagnetic stirring of a crystallizer and electromagnetic stirring of a solidification tail end to perform dual stirring, setting the electromagnetic stirring frequency of the crystallizer to be 50HZ, setting the current intensity to be 360A, setting the frequency of the solidification tail end to be 50HZ, setting the current intensity to be 320A, carrying out continuous casting at a low pulling speed, tightly forbidden to generate central shrinkage cavity on a steel billet, carrying out thermal pickling on the steel billet to detect that the central segregation is not more than 0.5 level, carrying out slow cooling and heat preservation on the steel billet to normal temperature, and carrying out furnace charging and rolling after cold inspection is qualified.
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