CN114480947A - Wear-resistant high-chromium casting section and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Wear-resistant high-chromium casting section and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114480947A
CN114480947A CN202210047293.3A CN202210047293A CN114480947A CN 114480947 A CN114480947 A CN 114480947A CN 202210047293 A CN202210047293 A CN 202210047293A CN 114480947 A CN114480947 A CN 114480947A
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percent
wear
casting section
chromium
resistant high
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陈灿光
桂劲松
徐全明
陈福燕
方剑锋
卢伟
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Ningguo Huafeng Wear Resistant Material Co ltd
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Ningguo Huafeng Wear Resistant Material Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C37/00Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/10Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D5/00Heat treatments of cast-iron
    • C21D5/04Heat treatments of cast-iron of white cast-iron
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C37/00Cast-iron alloys
    • C22C37/06Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/001Austenite
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/008Martensite

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a wear-resistant high-chromium casting section which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2.6 to 3 percent of C, 0.5 to 0.7 percent of Si, 0.7 to 0.9 percent of Mn, 11.0 to 14.0 percent of Cr, 0.5 to 0.8 percent of Mo, 0.8 to 1.0 percent of Cu, 0.45 to 0.5 percent of B, 0.005 to 0.007 percent of nano VC, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of P, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the wear-resistant high-chromium casting section. The invention starts from the aspects of providing a wear-resistant phase with higher hardness, improving the toughness of a matrix and improving the shape and distribution of carbide, so that the high-chromium cast iron has good wear resistance and good impact resistance.

Description

Wear-resistant high-chromium casting section and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-chromium cast iron, in particular to a wear-resistant high-chromium casting section and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The high-chromium white cast iron is the third generation of white cast iron developed after common white cast iron and nickel hard cast iron. The high-chromium white cast iron contains more than 10% of chromium and the ratio of the chromium to the carbon is between 4 and 8. The high-chromium cast iron is an excellent wear-resistant material and is widely applied to the aspects of mining, cement, electric power, road building machinery, refractory materials and the like.
High-chromium cast iron generally has excellent impact and wear resistance at normal temperature and high temperature, but the high-chromium cast iron has poor impact toughness relative to other metal materials, and the wear resistance and the impact resistance cannot be simultaneously considered, so that the application of the high-chromium cast iron is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a wear-resistant high-chromium cast section and a preparation method thereof, and starts with the aspects of providing a wear-resistant phase with higher hardness, improving the toughness of a matrix, and improving the shape and distribution of carbides, so that the high-chromium cast iron has good wear resistance and good impact resistance.
The invention provides a wear-resistant high-chromium casting section, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2.6 to 3 percent of C, 0.5 to 0.7 percent of Si, 0.7 to 0.9 percent of Mn, 11.0 to 14.0 percent of Cr, 0.5 to 0.8 percent of Mo, 0.8 to 1.0 percent of Cu, 0.45 to 0.5 percent of B, 0.005 to 0.007 percent of nano VC, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of P, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Preferably, the components thereof comprise by weight percent: 2.8 percent of C, 0.6 percent of Si, 0.8 percent of Mn, 12.0 percent of Cr, 0.6 percent of Mo, 0.9 percent of Cu, 0.45 percent of B, 0.006 percent of nano VC, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of P, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The inventor adds a proper amount of Mo and Cu to improve the hardenability of the high-chromium casting section, promote the transformation from austenite to martensite and improve the wear resistance and the matrix toughness of the high-chromium casting section; adding a proper amount of B element can form boride with higher hardness, and the boride and carbide are matched with each other to improve the wear resistance of cast iron, but when the content of B is higher, the content and continuity of carbide are increased, alloy carbide is coarse, and the toughness is reduced; therefore, the proper amount of nano VC is added at the same time, the structure of the cast iron can be refined, the carbide is round and smooth in shape change and uniform in size, and the carbide is distributed in an isolated manner by combining with a proper heat treatment process, so that the impact resistance of the high-chromium cast iron is improved.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the wear-resistant high-chromium casting section, which comprises the following steps:
s1, casting and molding the molten iron to obtain a casting section, wherein the component proportion of the casting section is the component proportion of the wear-resistant high-chromium casting section;
and S2, heating the casting section in the S1 to austenize, quenching, tempering, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the wear-resistant high-chromium casting section.
Preferably, in S2, the heating procedure for austenitizing is: heating to 650-class 670 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 60-90min, heating to 800-class 820 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 60-90min, heating to 950-class 970 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 1.5-2.5 h.
Since the addition of B element increases the difficulty of complete austenitization, the inventors chose a suitable heating procedure to make the cast iron fully austenitized.
Preferably, in S2, the quenching includes the following steps: oil quenching is carried out until the surface temperature of the casting section is 90-110 ℃, and then cooling is carried out to room temperature within 2-2.5 h.
Preferably, in S2, the tempering temperature is 280-300 ℃, and the tempering time is 4-5 h.
Preferably, the quenching oil has a temperature of 80-90 ℃.
The inventor selects a proper quenching process and a tempering process according to the components of the cast iron, can eliminate quenching stress, promote the transformation from austenite to martensite, thicken a through-quenching layer, increase the martensite content, improve the wear resistance, and reserve a proper amount of retained austenite, so that a matrix has good toughness.
Has the advantages that:
according to the invention, by adding a proper amount of Mo and Cu, the hardenability of the high-chromium casting section is improved, the transformation from austenite to martensite is promoted, and the wear resistance and the matrix toughness of the high-chromium casting section are improved; adding a proper amount of B element can form boride with higher hardness, and the boride and carbide are matched with each other to improve the wear resistance of cast iron, but when the content of B is higher, the content and continuity of carbide are increased, alloy carbide is coarse, and the toughness is reduced; therefore, the proper amount of nano VC is added at the same time, the structure of the cast iron can be refined, the carbide is round and smooth in shape change and uniform in size, and the carbide is distributed in an isolated manner by combining with a proper heat treatment process, so that the impact resistance of the high-chromium cast iron is improved; in addition, a proper heat treatment process is selected according to the formula of the high-chromium cast iron, so that the high-chromium cast iron contains a proper amount of residual austenite to improve the toughness of the matrix; therefore, the wear-resistant steel has good wear resistance and good impact toughness. The invention starts from the aspects of providing a wear-resistant phase with higher hardness, improving the toughness of a matrix and improving the shape and distribution of carbide, so that the high-chromium cast iron has good wear resistance and good impact resistance.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A wear-resistant high-chromium casting section comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2.6 percent of C, 0.7 percent of Si, 0.7 percent of Mn, 14.0 percent of Cr, 0.5 percent of Mo, 1.0 percent of Cu, 0.45 percent of B, 0.007 percent of nano VC, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of P, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method of the wear-resistant high-chromium casting section comprises the following steps:
s1, casting and molding the molten iron to obtain a cylindrical casting section (the diameter is 50mm, the length is 60mm), wherein the component proportion of the casting section is the component proportion of the wear-resistant high-chromium casting section;
s2, heating the casting section in S1 to 650 ℃, preserving heat for 90min, heating to 800 ℃, preserving heat for 90min, heating to 970 ℃, preserving heat for 2h to ensure that the casting section is completely austenitized, putting the casting section into quenching oil with the temperature of 80 ℃ until the surface temperature of the casting section is 90 ℃, taking out the casting section, cooling to room temperature in 2h, putting the casting section into a tempering furnace, tempering at 280 ℃ for 5h, and finally cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the wear-resistant high-chromium casting section.
Example 2
A wear-resistant high-chromium casting section comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c3%, Si 0.5%, Mn 0.9%, Cr 11.0%, Mo 0.8%, Cu 0.8%, B0.5%, nano VC 0.005%, S less than or equal to 0.05%, P less than or equal to 0.05%, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The preparation method of the wear-resistant high-chromium casting section comprises the following steps:
s1, casting and molding the molten iron to obtain a cylindrical casting section (the diameter is 50mm, the length is 60mm), wherein the component proportion of the casting section is the component proportion of the wear-resistant high-chromium casting section;
s2, heating the casting section in S1 to 670 ℃, preserving heat for 60min, heating to 820 ℃, preserving heat for 60min, heating to 950 ℃ and preserving heat for 1.5h to ensure that the casting section is completely austenitized, putting the casting section into quenching oil with the temperature of 90 ℃ until the surface temperature of the casting section is 110 ℃, taking out the casting section, cooling to room temperature in 2.5h, putting the casting section into a tempering furnace, tempering at 300 ℃ for 4h, and finally cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the wear-resistant high-chromium casting section.
Example 3
A wear-resistant high-chromium casting section comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 2.8 percent of C, 0.6 percent of Si, 0.8 percent of Mn, 12.0 percent of Cr, 0.6 percent of Mo, 0.9 percent of Cu, 0.45 percent of B, 0.006 percent of nano VC, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of P, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method of the wear-resistant high-chromium casting section comprises the following steps:
s1, casting and molding the molten iron to obtain a cylindrical casting section (the diameter is 50mm, the length is 60mm), wherein the component proportion of the casting section is the component proportion of the wear-resistant high-chromium casting section;
s2, heating the casting section in the S1 to 660 ℃, preserving heat for 80min, heating to 810 ℃, preserving heat for 80min, heating to 960 ℃, preserving heat for 2h to ensure that the casting section is completely austenitized, putting the casting section into quenching oil with the temperature of 85 ℃ until the surface temperature of the casting section is 100 ℃, taking out the casting section, cooling to room temperature in 2.5h, putting the casting section into a tempering furnace, tempering at 290 ℃ for 4.5h, and finally cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the wear-resistant high-chromium casting section.
Comparative example 1
The same procedure as in example 3 was repeated except that no B element was added.
Comparative example 2
The same procedure as in example 3 was repeated except that no nano-VC was added.
Comparative example 3
The same as example 3 except that no B element and no nano VC were contained.
Comparative example 4
The same procedure as in example 3 was repeated except that Mo and Cu were not contained.
The high chromium mill sections obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 7 were subjected to performance tests, and the results are shown in Table 1.
And carrying out hardness test according to GB/T230.1-2018.
On an impact testing machine, a small pendulum bob is adopted to detect impact energy, the impact energy used by the sample to be tested to be broken is recorded, each group is parallelly detected for 3 times, and an average value is taken.
TABLE 1 test results
Figure BDA0003472551590000051
Figure BDA0003472551590000061
As can be seen from Table 1, the wear-resistant alloy material has good wear resistance and impact resistance through the mutual matching of Mo, Cu, B and nano VC in combination with a proper heat treatment process.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The wear-resistant high-chromium casting section is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 2.6 to 3 percent of C, 0.5 to 0.7 percent of Si, 0.7 to 0.9 percent of Mn, 11.0 to 14.0 percent of Cr, 0.5 to 0.8 percent of Mo, 0.8 to 1.0 percent of Cu, 0.45 to 0.5 percent of B, 0.005 to 0.007 percent of nano VC, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of P, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
2. The wear-resistant high-chromium cast section according to claim 1, characterized in that its composition comprises, in weight percent: 2.8 percent of C, 0.6 percent of Si, 0.8 percent of Mn, 12.0 percent of Cr, 0.6 percent of Mo, 0.9 percent of Cu, 0.45 percent of B, 0.006 percent of nano VC, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.05 percent of P, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
3. A method for preparing wear-resistant high-chromium cast sections according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
s1, casting and molding the molten iron to obtain a casting section, wherein the component ratio of the casting section is as the component ratio of the wear-resistant high-chromium casting section in the claim 1 or 2;
and S2, heating the casting section in the S1 to austenize, quenching, tempering, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the wear-resistant high-chromium casting section.
4. The method for preparing wear-resistant high-chromium cast sections according to claim 3, wherein in S2, the heating procedure for austenitizing is as follows: heating to 650-class 670 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 60-90min, heating to 800-class 820 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 60-90min, heating to 950-class 970 deg.C, keeping the temperature for 1.5-2.5 h.
5. The method for preparing the wear-resistant high-chromium cast strand according to claim 3 or 4, wherein in S2, the quenching comprises the following specific steps: oil quenching is carried out until the surface temperature of the casting section is 90-110 ℃, and then cooling is carried out to room temperature within 2-2.5 h.
6. The method for preparing the wear-resistant high-chromium cast section according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the tempering temperature is 280-300 ℃ and the tempering time is 4-5h in S2.
7. The method for preparing the wear-resistant high-chromium cast section according to claim 5, wherein the temperature of quenching oil is 80-90 ℃.
CN202210047293.3A 2022-01-17 2022-01-17 Wear-resistant high-chromium casting section and preparation method thereof Pending CN114480947A (en)

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CN103014550A (en) * 2012-12-10 2013-04-03 马鞍山市恒达耐磨材料有限责任公司 High chromium multielement alloy wear resisting ball and manufacturing method thereof
CN103131944A (en) * 2013-03-18 2013-06-05 天津煜茁抗磨材料科技有限公司 Wear-resistant cast iron piece and preparation method thereof
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CN105950957A (en) * 2016-04-28 2016-09-21 宁国市开源电力耐磨材料有限公司 High-chromium abrasion-resistant casting and preparation process thereof
CN106191642A (en) * 2016-07-01 2016-12-07 宁国市开源电力耐磨材料有限公司 A kind of impact breaker high-chromium alloy abrasion-proof backing block and preparation method thereof
CN106756467A (en) * 2017-01-09 2017-05-31 岳阳市金扶羊新材料技术有限公司 Cylinder mill lining plate, new high chromium cast iron high-abrasive material and preparation method thereof
CN107523669A (en) * 2017-10-23 2017-12-29 宁国市正兴耐磨材料有限公司 A kind of handling process of high hardness high toughness high-chromium wear-resistant ball
CN110760739A (en) * 2018-07-26 2020-02-07 江苏锡华铸造有限公司 Preparation method of solid solution strengthened ferritic nodular cast iron for thick and large parts
CN111041360A (en) * 2019-12-16 2020-04-21 宁国市铸丰钢球铸造有限公司 Wear-resistant hammer head and manufacturing method thereof
CN111519087A (en) * 2020-05-27 2020-08-11 湖南大学 Preparation method of TiC particle reinforced high-chromium cast iron alloy material
CN112011723A (en) * 2020-09-02 2020-12-01 宁国市华丰耐磨材料有限公司 Marebie-austenite complex phase high chromium multi-element alloy cast iron grinding ball
CN113637889A (en) * 2021-07-16 2021-11-12 安徽瑞泰新材料科技有限公司 Preparation method of boron-containing high-chromium wear-resistant steel ball

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103014550A (en) * 2012-12-10 2013-04-03 马鞍山市恒达耐磨材料有限责任公司 High chromium multielement alloy wear resisting ball and manufacturing method thereof
CN103131944A (en) * 2013-03-18 2013-06-05 天津煜茁抗磨材料科技有限公司 Wear-resistant cast iron piece and preparation method thereof
CN105331875A (en) * 2015-11-05 2016-02-17 宁国市南方耐磨材料有限公司 Nano-modified wear-resisting alloy ball and preparation method thereof
CN105950957A (en) * 2016-04-28 2016-09-21 宁国市开源电力耐磨材料有限公司 High-chromium abrasion-resistant casting and preparation process thereof
CN106191642A (en) * 2016-07-01 2016-12-07 宁国市开源电力耐磨材料有限公司 A kind of impact breaker high-chromium alloy abrasion-proof backing block and preparation method thereof
CN106756467A (en) * 2017-01-09 2017-05-31 岳阳市金扶羊新材料技术有限公司 Cylinder mill lining plate, new high chromium cast iron high-abrasive material and preparation method thereof
CN107523669A (en) * 2017-10-23 2017-12-29 宁国市正兴耐磨材料有限公司 A kind of handling process of high hardness high toughness high-chromium wear-resistant ball
CN110760739A (en) * 2018-07-26 2020-02-07 江苏锡华铸造有限公司 Preparation method of solid solution strengthened ferritic nodular cast iron for thick and large parts
CN111041360A (en) * 2019-12-16 2020-04-21 宁国市铸丰钢球铸造有限公司 Wear-resistant hammer head and manufacturing method thereof
CN111519087A (en) * 2020-05-27 2020-08-11 湖南大学 Preparation method of TiC particle reinforced high-chromium cast iron alloy material
CN112011723A (en) * 2020-09-02 2020-12-01 宁国市华丰耐磨材料有限公司 Marebie-austenite complex phase high chromium multi-element alloy cast iron grinding ball
CN113637889A (en) * 2021-07-16 2021-11-12 安徽瑞泰新材料科技有限公司 Preparation method of boron-containing high-chromium wear-resistant steel ball

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