CN114479968B

CN114479968B - Preparation and use method of fuel oil cleaning synergist

Info

Publication number: CN114479968B
Application number: CN202210112385.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴铭定; 郭亦明; 高志文; 陈庆; 赵柱
Original assignee: Beijing Changxin Wanlin Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Beijing Changxin Wanlin Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-29
Filing date: 2022-01-29
Publication date: 2023-03-07
Anticipated expiration: 2042-01-29
Also published as: CN114479968A

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation and use method of a fuel cleaning synergist, which comprises the steps of taking a nitro compound, toluene and synthetic ester oil mixture as main components, assisting with polyetheramine in a corresponding proportion, designing the proportion of different substance components, fitting by a least square method based on formula components of the fuel cleaning synergist and optimal blending proportion data to obtain a recommended model of the blending proportion of a component formula of the fuel cleaning synergist and fuel, and further calculating the optimal blending proportion of other fuel cleaning synergist component formulas; and (3) carrying out application and test, and verifying the use effect of the fuel oil cleaning synergist with different formulas and mixing proportions. The invention can effectively improve the economy, the emission performance, the dynamic performance and the lubricating performance of the transportation tool, can inhibit the formation of carbon deposition of a combustion chamber, a valve and a spark plug, has the effect of removing the carbon deposition, realizes the purposes of saving energy, reducing emission and prolonging the maintenance period of an engine, and promotes the green low-carbon development of the transportation industry.

Description

Preparation and use method of fuel oil cleaning synergist

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of diesel oil blending, in particular to a preparation method and a use method of a fuel oil cleaning synergist.

Background

As an important industry for the development of China, in 2019, the carbon emission of the transportation industry of China accounts for 7.5% of the total amount, wherein 81% of automobiles account for 6.1% of the total amount (wherein, the passenger cars and the commercial cars account for 44% and 56% respectively, and the passenger retention accounts for 88% and 12% respectively). Energy is the basis for human survival and development and is also the source of power for the transportation industry. Along with the development of the transportation industry, the demand of China on energy is gradually strengthened, and meanwhile, the most serious problem of environmental pollution is faced in China, and the most concerned is air pollution. The atmospheric pollution is closely related to the daily life of people and directly or indirectly causes harm to the bodies of people. The main sources of atmospheric pollution: fuel combustion, emissions from industrial processes, emissions from transportation processes, emissions from agricultural activities. The proportion of the tail gas pollution of the motor vehicles in transportation exceeds 20%, the proportion of the tail gas pollution of the motor vehicles to special pollutants polluting the atmosphere is larger, the emission of the motor vehicles in Beijing, shanghai, hangzhou and Shenzhen becomes a primary source, and the proportions respectively reach 31.1%, 29.2%, 28.0% and 41.0%.

The contradiction between energy and the development of the environmental society is increasingly prominent, and the urgent problem is how to improve the fuel efficiency and clean combustion of automobiles in China and achieve the aims of saving energy and reducing pollution.

Along with the upgrading of emission regulations of light vehicles, heavy vehicles and non-road machines, the emission standard is more and more strict, and the requirement on fuel is higher and higher, so that the adoption of a fuel cleaning synergist is one of the technical means for improving the quality of the fuel and the running condition of an engine besides improving the oil refining technology. The fuel oil additive is used earlier, has wide application range and is developed more mature in many developed countries. By taking the foreign development experience as a reference and combining the actual national conditions of China, the efficient fuel oil cleaning synergist which integrates the functions of cleaning, oil saving, emission reduction, lubrication improvement and the like is developed, popularized and applied, so that the economy, the emission, the dynamic property and the lubricity of the transportation tool are greatly improved, and the realization of the double-carbon target and the sustainable green development in the field of transportation are promoted.

The invention takes a mixture of nitro compound, toluene and synthetic ester oil as main components, and takes polyether amine with corresponding proportion as auxiliary components, designs the mixture ratio of different substance components, and obtains the mixing proportion of the fuel cleaning synergist suitable for gasoline and diesel engines based on the test data of an engine bench and a least square regression method.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to further improve the fuel quality of automobiles and the running condition of engines, the invention provides a fuel cleaning synergist which mainly comprises a mixture of nitro compounds, toluene and synthetic ester oil, provides the optimized configuration of the main components of the fuel cleaning synergist, the fuel blending proportion and the use method, improves the economy, the emission performance, the dynamic performance and the lubricity of transportation tools, can also inhibit the formation of carbon deposition of combustion chambers and spark plugs, has the effect of removing the carbon deposition, realizes the purposes of saving energy, reducing emission and prolonging the maintenance period of engines, and promotes the green low-carbon development of the transportation industry.

The embodiment of the application provides a preparation method and a using method of a fuel cleaning synergist.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a fuel oil detergent synergist, where the fuel oil detergent synergist includes: nitro compounds, ester oils, toluene, polyetheramines;

the preparation method of the fuel oil cleaning synergist comprises the following steps:

a stainless steel container is adopted as a collecting container for the effective components of the fuel oil cleaning synergist;

a steam collecting cover is arranged above the stainless steel container and is used for collecting substance components obtained by volatilization of preparation raw materials of the fuel oil cleaning synergist;

adding ester oil and toluene to said stainless steel container;

naturally standing the stainless steel container added with the ester oil and the toluene at room temperature for a first time;

after the first period of time, sequentially adding a nitro compound and polyetheramine to the stainless steel container;

recovering the evaporated nitro compound at the vent using a condenser;

collecting the nitro compound, ester oil, toluene and polyether amine as a fuel cleaning synergist;

the fuel oil cleaning synergist is stored in a stainless steel barrel in a sealing way for subsequent use.

In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above, the nitro compound includes nitromethane, nitroethane, and 1-nitropropane;

the ester oil needs to be subjected to dissimilatory treatment or added with a suitable solubilizer;

the iso-treated ester oil separates the tricresyl phosphate component of the ester oil.

In one possible implementation of the first aspect, after the ester oil and the toluene are added to the stainless steel container, the stainless steel container after the ester oil and the toluene are added is left at room temperature and is naturally kept still for a first period of time without stirring the material components in the stainless steel container;

the first period of time is 15 minutes.

In a possible implementation of the first aspect, after the sequential addition of the nitro compound and the polyether amine to the stainless steel container, when the vent recovers the evaporated nitromethane by using a condenser, the method further includes:

and at the external temperature and low pressure, the stainless steel container after being mixed with various material components is ensured to be ventilated at the external atmospheric pressure through mixing ventilation of a thin tube.

In one possible implementation of the first aspect, after the first period of time, sequentially adding a nitro compound and a polyetheramine to the stainless steel container specifically sequentially comprises:

adding a first quantity of nitromethane;

adding a second quantity of nitroethane;

adding a third quantity of 1-nitropropane;

a fourth quantity of polyetheramine is added.

In a second aspect, the present embodiments provide a method of using a fuel detergent synergist, the fuel detergent synergist prepared as described above;

the use method of the fuel oil cleaning synergist comprises the following steps:

selecting the prepared fuel oil cleaning synergist to be respectively mixed with fuel oil according to the proportion of 800, 1000 and 1200 multiplied by 10 ^-6 Mixing according to the mass ratio;

developing tests of different fuel oil cleaning synergists and engine stands with different fuel oil proportions, and testing the oil saving rate, the dynamic property and the emission reduction of the engine;

obtaining a test result of the engine bench test, performing comprehensive analysis, and selecting an optimal blending proportion;

fitting by a least square method based on the formula components of the fuel oil detergent synergist and the optimal mixing proportion data to obtain a recommended model of the mixing proportion of the component formula of the fuel oil detergent synergist and the fuel oil;

calculating the optimal blending proportion of other fuel oil cleaning synergist component formulas based on the blending proportion recommendation model;

and (3) carrying out application and test, and verifying the use effects of the fuel oil cleaning synergist with different formulas and mixing proportions.

In one possible implementation of the second aspect, the selected and prepared fuel detergent synergist is mixed with fuel according to the ratio of 800, 1000, 1200 × 10 ^-6 Mixing the components in a mass ratio, comprising:

each fuel oil cleaning synergist is respectively mixed with 0# diesel oil according to the proportion of 800, 1000 and 1200 multiplied by 10 ^-6 Blending;

the engine bench test of developing different fuel cleaning synergist and different fuel proportions tests the fuel saving rate, the dynamic property and the emission reduction of the engine, and the method also comprises the following steps:

in order to avoid the influence of the post-treatment device on particulate matter PM and nitrogen oxide NOx, the selected test engine is not provided with the post-treatment device, namely the particulate matter post-treatment device and the NOx purification device are not arranged;

the engine bench test process is based on diesel oil without fuel oil additive and 800, 1000, 1200 multiplied by 10 diesel oil in sequence ^-6 The blended fuel oil of four formulas of the fuel oil cleaning synergist;

testing the fuel consumption, the particulate matter PM and the nitrogen oxide NOx under the steady-state working condition of a diesel engine heat engine according to the WHSC specified in GB 17691-2018;

the test data of the test is calculated according to the GB 17691-2018 requirements on specific fuel g/kWh, specific emission g/kWh of particulate matter PM and specific emission g/kWh of nitrogen oxide NOx.

In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the testing further includes testing dynamics, which respectively tests torque values of different fuels at a rated rotation speed of the engine, after the rotation speed of the engine reaches the rated rotation speed and is stabilized for 100 seconds, the torque of the engine is tested for 20 seconds, and an average value is calculated based on the torque value of 20 seconds, so that the torque value of the corresponding fuel at the rated rotation speed of the engine can be obtained;

and comparing the calculated specific fuel oil g/kWh, particulate matter PM (particulate matter) specific emission g/kWh, nitrogen oxide NOx specific emission g/kWh and rated rotation speed torque value N.m of different fuel oils with the test result of the diesel oil without the fuel oil cleaning synergist, wherein the different fuel oils are fuel oil cleaning synergist with different formulas and proportions.

In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the fitting by a least square method based on the data of the formula components of the fuel detergent synergist and the optimal blending ratio to obtain a recommended model of the blending ratio of the formula components of the fuel detergent synergist and the fuel oil further includes:

selecting the fuel blending proportion with the optimal formula according to the engine bench test result;

copying the effective components and the mixing proportion of the fuel oil cleaning synergist into an ORIGIN table on the basis of ORIGIN software, and setting the effective components of the fuel oil cleaning synergist as independent variables to be x; setting the mixing proportion as a dependent variable as y;

fitting x and y based on a least square method in statistics of ORIGIN software; obtaining the fitted data model, which is shown in formula 1:

C＝58.80×a－6.28×b+9.99×c－8.20×e+11.80×f－203.28 (1)；

and calculating the blending proportion of different formulas by taking the components of other formulas as x values based on the fitted data model.

In a possible implementation of the second aspect, the developing application and testing to verify the usage effects of the fuel detergent builder with different formulations and blending ratios further includes at least:

the first fuel oil cleaning synergist is formulated with 750 x 10 ^-6 The mass ratio is blended in gasoline, and based on fuel oil without fuel oil cleaning synergist and fuel oil with fuel oil cleaning synergist, the tests of the power and the fuel oil consumption rate of an engine rack are carried out at the rotating speed of at least 1200, 1600 and 2000/8230, 82305600 and 6000 r/min;

the formulation of the second fuel oil cleaning synergist is 950 multiplied by 10 ^-6 Mixing the fuel oil with the diesel oil according to the mass ratio, and carrying out bench test on the fuel oil without the fuel oil cleaning synergist and the fuel oil with the fuel oil cleaning synergist;

the formulation of the third fuel oil cleaning synergist is 1150 x 10 ^-6 The mass ratio is blended into diesel fuel and after a first period of use in a diesel vehicle, the engine piston surface is observed by an endoscope.

The invention provides a preparation and use method of a fuel cleaning synergist, which comprises the steps of taking a nitro compound, toluene and synthetic ester oil mixture as main components, assisting with polyetheramine in a corresponding proportion, designing the proportion of different substance components, fitting by a least square method based on formula components of the fuel cleaning synergist and optimal blending proportion data to obtain a recommended model of the blending proportion of a component formula of the fuel cleaning synergist and fuel, and further calculating the optimal blending proportion of other fuel cleaning synergist component formulas; and (3) carrying out application and test, and verifying the use effect of the fuel oil cleaning synergist with different formulas and mixing proportions. The invention can effectively improve the economy, the emission performance, the dynamic performance and the lubricating performance of the transportation tool, inhibit the formation of carbon deposit in a combustion chamber and a spark plug, play a role in removing the carbon deposit, realize the purposes of saving energy, reducing emission and prolonging the maintenance period of an engine, and further promote the green low-carbon development of the transportation industry.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method of preparing a fuel detergent synergist according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 illustrates a workflow diagram of a method of using a fuel detergent synergist according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustrating the increase in effective power for different engine operating conditions of a method of using a fuel detergent synergist, according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating the fuel economy development of a method of using a fuel detergent synergist in a high speed, high torque direction, according to some embodiments of the present application.

FIG. 5 shows an engine THC emissions test chart of a method of using a fuel detergent synergist, according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 6 is an engine CO emissions test chart illustrating a method of using a fuel detergent synergist, according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating smoke intensity variations under various operating conditions of a method of using a fuel detergent synergist, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating NOx variation over different operating conditions of a method of using a fuel detergent synergist, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of piston soot before use of a fuel detergent under various conditions of a method of using a fuel detergent builder, according to some embodiments of the present application;

FIG. 10 is a schematic representation of piston surface carbon removal using a fuel detergent illustrating a method of using a fuel detergent builder, in accordance with some embodiments of the present application.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

It is to be appreciated that in various embodiments of the present application, the processor may be a microprocessor, a digital signal processor, a microcontroller, or the like, and/or any combination thereof. According to another aspect, the processor may be a single core processor, a multi-core processor, the like, and/or any combination thereof.

The inventive concepts of the embodiments of the present application are briefly described below.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a method of preparing a fuel detergent synergist according to a first embodiment of the present application.

The fuel oil cleaning synergist comprises: nitro compounds, ester oils, toluene, polyetheramines;

a stainless steel container is adopted as a collecting container for effective components of the fuel oil cleaning synergist;

adding ester oil and toluene to a stainless steel container;

after a first period of time, sequentially adding a nitro compound and polyetheramine to a stainless steel container;

recovering the evaporated nitro compound at the vent using a condenser;

collecting nitro compounds, ester oil, toluene and polyether amine as fuel cleaning synergist;

After the inventive concept of the embodiment of the present application is introduced, some simple descriptions are made below on application scenarios to which the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application can be applied, and it should be noted that the application scenarios described below are only used for describing the embodiment of the present application and are not limited. In a specific implementation process, the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application can be flexibly applied according to actual needs.

Specifically, the nitro compound includes nitromethane, nitroethane and 1-nitropropane;

ester oil needs to be subjected to dissimilatory treatment or added with a proper solubilizer;

the treated ester oil was then treated with an isomerization to separate the tricresyl phosphate component of the ester oil.

The fuel oil cleaning synergist developed by the invention forms a stable mixture in fuel oil such as gasoline or diesel oil, and when the fuel oil cleaning synergist is prepared, ester oil/solubilizer/aromatic hydrocarbon components are introduced into nitro compounds, and corresponding process flow is controlled for blending.

The main substance of the fuel oil cleaning synergist developed by the invention is nitro compound, and the nitro compound comprises nitromethane, nitroethane and 1-nitropropane. Although nitromethane is generally explosive, its solubility decreases compared to gasoline hydrocarbons when used in admixture with fuel oil during the development process, and can reduce the solubility of gasoline mixtures containing 10% MTBE (Methyl Tert-Butyl Ether). Therefore, the safety of the nitromethane mixture can be effectively improved by adjusting the concentration ratio of the components.

The invention limits the dosage of nitromethane when preparing the fuel oil cleaning synergist, and reduces the danger and the toxicity of the additive, thereby reducing the danger and the toxicity of the used fuel oil.

In the fuel oil cleaning synergist developed by the invention, 1-nitropropane is used for replacing 2-nitropropane. Because the 2-nitropropane is toxic, the possibility of toxicity exposure is reduced and the safety of the fuel oil cleaning synergist is improved by adopting the 1-nitropropane with lower toxicity.

The invention considers that the quality of the vehicle fuel also puts forward higher requirements due to the upgrade of national standards, sulfur and aromatic hydrocarbon are removed by hydrofined diesel, but natural components with an anti-wear function in the diesel are also removed, the lubricating property of the diesel is greatly reduced, and the friction between metals is increased. The invention innovatively increases the ester oil component and increases the lubricating effect of fuel oil and metal.

The ester oil component added in the present invention is obtained by dissimilation from commercial ester oils.

The invention adds ester oil, also in order to enhance the miscibility of the nitrohydrocarbon in the fuel oil. Commercial ester oils typically contain a variety of additive components, and additives contain a variety of materials that impart combustion resistance, corrosion resistance, stability, and other properties to the ester oil. However, many of the additives in ester oils are highly toxic, and some of the ester oils possess properties that are not desirable as fuel detergent boosters, such as flame suppression properties.

The ester oil used in the present invention needs to be treated by dissimilation or addition of a suitable solubilizer, and the purpose of dissimilation of the ester oil is to separate the tricresyl phosphate component from the ester oil. Through the ways of separating, differentiating or replacing components, reducing the concentration of fuel oil additives and the like, the toxicity of ester oil can be reduced, and the emission of combustion pollutants of an engine can be reduced.

The invention provides a method for separating tricresyl phosphate from ester oil, wherein the blending ratio of the separated ester oil in a fuel oil cleaning synergist is controlled to be about 1.8% of the volume ratio of an additive, and because tricresyl phosphate has flame inhibition characteristics, the flame inhibition characteristics can be basically ignored by using the ester oil after tricresyl phosphate separation, but the ester oil still has the effect of promoting lubrication of a cylinder wall.

Specifically, after ester oil and toluene are added into a stainless steel container, the stainless steel container with the ester oil and the toluene added is placed at room temperature and naturally stands for a first period of time without stirring the material components in the stainless steel container;

the first time period was 15 minutes.

The invention innovatively increases ester oil, greatly increases the lubricating property of diesel oil, reduces the friction and abrasion between a piston and a cylinder wall, prevents sintering and the like.

The present invention adds toluene to improve engine combustion. Toluene is not only a component of gasoline, and the addition of toluene can emulsify the nitro hydrocarbon in the fuel or improve the solubility of the nitro hydrocarbon, thereby reducing the demand of ester oil, and the toluene with low combustion emission is used for replacing the ester oil with high emission through proportion preparation.

The invention reduces the ratio of ester oil and nitrohydrocarbon, namely reduces the tail gas emission caused by the combustion of the ester oil. The ratio of ester oil and nitro hydrocarbon is already lower than the ratios used in previously known formulations. The proportion of ester oil in the additive preparation is 10-90%, and the invention reduces the preparation proportion of ester oil to 10% or even below 2%.

Specifically, after the nitro compound and the polyether amine are sequentially added into the stainless steel container, when the evaporated nitromethane is recovered by using a condenser at a vent, the method further comprises the following steps:

and at the external temperature and low pressure, the stainless steel container mixed with various material components is ventilated at the external atmospheric pressure through mixing ventilation of a thin tube.

The polyether amine with a certain proportion is added into the developed fuel cleaning synergist, the polyether amine has excellent cleaning, dispersing, emulsion breaking, corrosion inhibition and oxidation resistance, and when the fuel cleaning synergist is used in the fuel cleaning synergist, the generation of deposits of an engine oil nozzle, an air inlet valve and a combustion chamber can be inhibited, so that the fuel cleaning synergist does not generate deposits per se and can remove the deposits formed in the combustion chamber.

Specifically, after a first period of time, the nitro compound and the polyetheramine are sequentially added into the stainless steel container, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

adding a first quantity of nitromethane;

adding a second quantity of nitroethane;

adding a third quantity of 1-nitropropane;

a fourth quantity of polyetheramine is added.

The invention develops the fuel oil cleaning synergist with different substance components according to the physical and chemical characteristics of the different components, which is shown in the table 1.

TABLE 1 formulation ratio (%)

Referring to table 1, the present inventors developed 8 formulations, designated as formulations 1 to 8, wherein the formulations 1 to 8 were different in the ratio of nitromethane, nitroethane, 1-nitropropane, ester oil mixture, toluene, and polyether amine.

FIG. 2 illustrates a flow chart of a method of using a fuel detergent synergist, according to some embodiments of the present application. The invention develops fuel oil cleaning synergist with different formula proportions, the fuel oil cleaning synergist and fuel oil are mixed in different proportions, and tests on the oil saving rate, the dynamic property and the emission reduction property are carried out on an engine rack. Based on the test result of an engine bench, a set of methods for optimizing the fuel cleaning synergist and recommending the mixing ratio of the fuel cleaning synergist and the fuel are provided.

The use method of the fuel oil cleaning synergist, the components and the preparation of the fuel oil cleaning synergist are consistent with the previous components;

selecting prepared fuel oil cleaning synergist and mixing with fuel oil according to the weight ratio of 800, 1000 and 1200 x 10 ^-6 Mixing according to the mass ratio;

carrying out engine bench tests of different fuel cleaning synergists and different fuel proportions to test the fuel saving rate, the dynamic property and the emission reduction of the engine;

obtaining a test result of an engine bench test, performing comprehensive analysis, and selecting an optimal mixing proportion;

fitting by a least square method based on formula components of the fuel oil cleaning synergist and optimal mixing proportion data to obtain a recommended model of the mixing proportion of the component formula of the fuel oil cleaning synergist and the fuel oil;

calculating the optimal mixing proportion of other fuel oil cleaning synergist component formulas based on a mixing proportion recommendation model;

the application and the test are carried out, and the use effects of the fuel oil cleaning synergist with different formulas and mixing proportions are verified.

Specifically, in one possible implementation of the above embodiment, the formulated fuel detergent synergist is selected to be 800, 1000, 1200 × 10 with the fuel respectively ^-6 Mixing the components in a mass ratio, comprising:

selecting

formulas

2, 4, 6 and 8 from 8 formulas in the table 1 as blending formulas, and mixing the

formulas

2, 4, 6 and 8 with 0# fuel according to the proportion of 800, 1000 and 1200 multiplied by 10 ^-6 Blending according to the mass ratio to form 12 blending schemes;

based on the 12 blending schemes, engine bench tests of different fuel oil cleaning synergists and different fuel oil proportions are developed, and the oil saving rate, the dynamic property and the emission reduction property of the engine are tested, and the method further comprises the following steps:

the engine bench test process is that diesel oil without fuel additive, the

formulas

2, 4, 6 and 8 and 0# fuel oil are sequentially mixed according to the proportion of 800, 1000 and 1200 multiplied by 10 ^-6 The fuel of said 12 blending schedules of fuel detergent boosters, said test procedure forming 13 sets of data;

First, based on the table1 formula respectively preparing 2, 4, 6 and 8 fuel oil cleaning synergist, mixing each fuel oil cleaning synergist with 0# diesel oil according to the proportion of 800, 1000 and 1200 (10) ^-6 Mass ratio) are mixed; in order to avoid the influence of the after-treatment device on the particulate matter PM and the nitrogen oxide NOx, the test engine was selected without installing the after-treatment device, that is, without installing the particulate matter after-treatment device, without installing the NOx purification device.

Specifically, in a possible implementation of the above embodiment, the testing further includes testing dynamic performance, which respectively tests torque values of different fuel oils at a rated rotation speed of the engine, after the rotation speed of the engine reaches the rated rotation speed and is stabilized for 100 seconds, the torque of the engine is tested for 20 seconds, and an average value is calculated based on the torque values of 20 seconds, so that the torque value of the corresponding fuel oil at the rated rotation speed of the engine can be obtained;

and comparing the calculated specific fuel oil g/kWh, particulate matter PM specific emission g/kWh, nitrogen oxide NOx specific emission g/kWh and rated rotation speed torque value N.m of different fuel oils with the test result of diesel oil without the fuel oil cleaning synergist, wherein different fuel oils are fuel oil cleaning synergist with different formulas and proportions.

Based on diesel oil without fuel oil additive and 800, 1000, 1200 (10) ^-6 Mass ratio) of the blended fuel oil of four formulas of the fuel oil cleaning synergist, respectively testing the fuel oil consumption, the particulate matter PM and the nitrogen oxide NOx under the steady state working condition of a diesel engine according to WHSC specified in GB 17691-2018, and calculating the specific fuel oil (g/kWh), the particulate matter PM specific emission (g/kWh) and the nitrogen oxide NOx specific emission (g/kWh) according to GB 17691-2018 test data; and testing dynamic property, namely respectively testing the torque values of different fuel oils at the rated rotating speed of the engine, starting to test the torque of the engine for 20 seconds after the rotating speed of the engine reaches the rated rotating speed and is stabilized for 100 seconds, and calculating an average value based on the torque values of 20 seconds to obtain the torque values of the corresponding fuel oils at the rated rotating speed of the engine. Calculating specific fuel (g/kWh), particulate matter PM (g/kWh), nitrogen oxide NOx (g/kWh) and rated rotating speed torque value (N.m) of different fuels (with different formulas and proportions of fuel cleaning synergist), and diesel oil test results without fuel cleaning synergistAnd (6) carrying out comparison.

The results of the test comparisons are shown in table 2.

TABLE 2 comparison of engine bench test results for different formulations and blending ratios

In the 12 blending schemes, when the formula 2 is mixed with 0# diesel oil, the mixing ratio is 800 (10) ^-6 Mass ratio), the reduction rate is 5.0 percent lower than that of fuel oil, the rated rotating speed torque is increased by 1.3 percent, PM of particulate matters is reduced by 5.8 percent, and NOx of nitrogen oxides is reduced by 3.3 percent;

when formulation 2 is mixed with 0# diesel, according to 1000 (10) ^-6 Mass ratio) is reduced by 4.7 percent compared with fuel oil, the rated rotating speed torque is increased by 1.2 percent, particulate matter PM is reduced by 5.6 percent, and nitrogen oxide NOx is reduced by 3.0 percent;

when formulation 2 is mixed with 0# diesel, according to 1200 (10) ^-6 Mass ratio) is reduced by 4.8 percent compared with fuel oil, the rated rotating speed torque is increased by 1.2 percent, the PM of particulate matters is reduced by 5.5 percent, and the NOx of nitrogen oxides is reduced by 3.0 percent;

when formulation 4 is mixed with 0# diesel, according to 800 (10) ^-6 Mass ratio) is reduced by 5.1 percent compared with fuel oil, the rated rotating speed torque is increased by 1.5 percent, the PM emission of particulate matters is reduced by 4.8 percent, and the NOx emission of nitrogen oxides is reduced by 4.2 percent;

when formulation 4 is mixed with 0# diesel, according to 1000 (10) ^-6 Mass ratio) is reduced by 6.0 percent compared with fuel oil, the rated rotating speed torque is increased by 1.7 percent, the PM of particulate matters is reduced by 5.3 percent, and the NOx of nitrogen oxides is reduced by 4.3 percent;

when formulation 4 is mixed with 0# diesel, according to 1200 (10) ^-6 Mass ratio) is reduced by 6.2 percent compared with fuel oil, the rated rotating speed torque is increased by 1.6 percent, the PM of particulate matters is reduced by 5.5 percent, and the NOx of nitrogen oxides is reduced by 4.2 percent;

when formulation No. 6 and No. 0 diesel, according to 800 (10) ^-6 Mass ratio), the reduction rate is 5.6% lower than that of fuel oil, the rated rotating speed torque is increased by 1.5%, PM of particulate matters is reduced by 5.2%, and NOx of nitrogen oxides is reduced by 3.9%;

when the formulation 6 is mixed with the 0# diesel oil,according to 1000 (10) ^-6 Mass ratio), the reduction rate is 5.9% lower than that of fuel oil, the rated rotating speed torque is increased by 1.7%, PM of particulate matters is reduced by 6.1%, and the reduction rate of NOx of nitrogen oxides is 3.5%;

when formulation 6 is compared with 0# diesel, according to 1200 (10) ^-6 Mass ratio) is reduced by 6.4 percent compared with fuel oil, the rated rotating speed torque is increased by 1.8 percent, the PM of particulate matters is reduced by 5.7 percent, and the NOx of nitrogen oxides is reduced by 3.0 percent;

when formulation 8 is mixed with 0# diesel, according to 800 (10) ^-6 Mass ratio), the mass ratio is reduced by 6.3 percent compared with fuel oil, the rated rotating speed torque is increased by 1.3 percent, PM of particulate matters is reduced by 6.2 percent, and NOx of nitrogen oxides is reduced by 3.6 percent;

when formulation 8 is mixed with 0# diesel, according to 1000 (10) ^-6 Mass ratio), the reduction rate is 6.5% lower than that of fuel oil, the rated rotating speed torque is increased by 1.5%, PM of particulate matters is reduced by 6.3%, and NOx of nitrogen oxides is reduced by 3.8%;

when formulation 8 is mixed with 0# diesel, according to 1200 (10) ^-6 Mass ratio) is reduced by 6.4 percent compared with fuel oil, the rated rotating speed torque is increased by 1.5 percent, the PM emission of particulate matters is reduced by 6.1 percent, and the NOx emission of nitrogen oxides is reduced by 4.2 percent;

selecting a fuel synergist to fuel mass ratio mixing scheme based on the test results by comparative analysis, wherein the formula 2 and the fuel are mixed at 800 x 10 ^-6 Mixing the mixture in the formula 4 and the fuel oil in a mass ratio of 1000 multiplied by 10 ^-6 Mixing the components in a mass ratio of 1200X 10 in formula 6 and fuel oil ^-6 Mixing the components in a mass ratio of formula 8 to fuel oil at 1200X 10 ^-6 The mass ratio is blended to obtain the best comprehensive oil saving rate, dynamic property, particulate matter emission reduction and NOx emission reduction effect.

Specifically, in one possible implementation of the embodiment, a recommended model of the blending ratio of the component formula of the fuel detergent synergist and the fuel is obtained by fitting the formula components of the fuel detergent synergist and the optimal blending ratio data by a least square method.

The invention provides a realization process of a data relation model of a mixing proportion based on a least square method, which comprises the following steps:

selecting the optimal fuel oil blending ratio of the

formulas

2, 4, 6 and 8 according to the engine bench test result, and showing the optimal fuel oil blending ratio in a table 3;

TABLE 3 optimal fuel blending ratio for different formulations

Copying effective components and mixing proportion of the fuel oil cleaning synergist into an ORIGIN table based on ORIGIN software, and setting the effective components of the fuel oil cleaning synergist as independent variables as x; setting the mixing proportion as a dependent variable as y;

fitting x and y based on least square method in statistics of ORIGIN software to obtain fitted data model, as shown in formula 1

C＝58.80×a－6.28×b+9.99×c－8.20×e+11.80×f－203.28 (1)；

Therefore, the mathematical model is fitted by the invention based on the least square method according to the component proportion of the

formulas

2, 4, 6 and 8 and the proportion of the fuel blending.

The invention is based on the fitted model, and takes the components of

formulas

1, 3, 5 and 7 as x values to calculate the blending ratio of different formulas, and the calculation result is shown in table 4.

According to the invention, the minimum quadratic fitting is carried out based on the 4 formulas and the optimal mixing proportion thereof to obtain a fitted data model, and then the optimal mixing proportion recommendation can be carried out on the 4 formulas which are not tested based on the fitted data model.

TABLE 4 optimal fuel blending ratio based on mathematical model

The invention corrects the optimal fuel oil mixing proportion calculated based on a mathematical model, and the formula 1 and the fuel oil are in a proportion of 750 multiplied by 10 ^-6 The mass ratio of the formula 3 to the fuel oil is 950 multiplied by 10 ^-6 The mass ratio of the formula 5 to the fuel is 1150 multiplied by 10 ^-6 The mass ratio of the formula 7 to the fuel oil is 1200 multiplied by 10 ^-6 And mixing according to the mass ratio.

Specifically, in a possible implementation of the above embodiment, the application and test is carried out to verify the use effect of the fuel detergent synergist with different formulations and blending ratios, and the method further includes at least:

the first fuel oil cleaning synergist is formulated in 750 x 10 ^-6 The mass ratio of the fuel oil to the gasoline is mixed in the gasoline, and the tests on the power and the fuel consumption rate of an engine rack are carried out at the rotating speeds of 1200, 1600, 2000, 8230, 5600 and 6000r/min based on the fuel oil without the fuel oil cleaning synergist and the fuel oil with the fuel oil cleaning synergist;

the fuel oil cleaning synergist formula 1 is 750 multiplied by 10 ^-6 The mass ratio of the fuel oil additive to the base oil is measured by mixing the fuel oil additive to the base oil, and the base oil additive to the fuel oil is measured by testing the power and the consumption rate of the engine bench at the rotation speeds of 1200, 1600, 2000, 8230, 82305600, 6000 r/min. Under the full load condition of the engine, the fuel containing the fuel cleaning synergist of the formula 1 is combusted, the power of the engine is increased under most working conditions, and the maximum amplification is about 1.5 percent; when the fuel containing the formula 1 is used, the consumption rate of the fuel of an engine is reduced, a fuel economy area is expanded to a direction of high rotating speed and large torque, and an economic operation area is enlarged.

Referring to the schematic diagram of the increase of the effective power under different engine working conditions in the attached figure 3 and the schematic diagram of the expansion of the fuel economy region to the high rotating speed and large torque direction in the attached figure 4, the average fuel consumption of the fuel containing the additive is reduced by about 4.5 percent.

Referring to the THC emission test chart of the engine in the attached figure 5 and the CO emission test chart of the engine in the attached figure 6, after the fuel oil cleaning synergist is combusted, the THC and CO emission of the engine is reduced in the whole rotating speed interval.

the formula 3 of the fuel oil cleaning synergist is 950 multiplied by 10 ^-6 The mass ratio of the base oil to the fuel oil is blended in the diesel oil, and bench tests of a diesel engine of the base oil (the fuel oil without the fuel oil cleaning synergist) and the fuel oil with the fuel oil cleaning synergist are carried out. According to GB/T18297 automobile engine performance test method, GB/T17691 automobile compression ignition type and gas fuel ignition type engines and automobile emission limit value and measurement method, GB/3847 automobile exhaust smoke emission limit value and measurement method for automobile compression ignition type engines and compression ignition type engines. Referring to a smoke intensity change schematic diagram of the attached figure 7 under different working conditions and a NOx change schematic diagram of the attached figure 8 under different working conditions, based on ESC steady state circulation, after the fuel oil cleaning synergist is used, the comprehensive fuel consumption rate is reduced by 3%, the PM emission is reduced from 0.0096g/kWh to 0.0082g/kWh, and the reduction amplitude is 14.58%. Based on ESC steady-state circulation, the 439 smoke degree is greatly reduced under most working conditions after the fuel oil cleaning synergist is used, and the average reduction amplitude is 24.96%. Based on ESC steady state test working condition, under most working conditions, the emission of nitrogen oxides NOx is reduced, and the maximum reduction amplitude is 5.70%.

The formulation of the third fuel oil cleaning synergist is 1150 x 10 ^-6 The mass ratio is blended into diesel fuel and the engine piston surface is observed by an endoscope after a first period of use in a diesel vehicle.

Referring to the schematic diagram of piston carbon deposition before using the fuel detergent in the attached figure 9 and the schematic diagram of piston surface carbon deposition elimination after using the fuel detergent in the attached figure 10, the formula 5 of the fuel detergent synergist is 1150 multiplied by 10 ^-6 The mass ratio of the carbon deposit additive is mixed in diesel oil, the carbon deposit additive is used for 1 month (2000 km) in a diesel vehicle, the surface of an engine piston is observed through an endoscope, and the carbon deposit on the top surface of the engine piston and the position of an air valve is obviously reduced through a running-in test containing a synergist.

The above embodiments are provided only for the purpose of describing the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various equivalent substitutions and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention, and are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for using a fuel oil cleaning synergist comprises the following steps:

carrying out engine bench tests of different fuel cleaning synergists and different fuel proportions to test the oil saving rate, the dynamic property and the emission reduction of the engine;

obtaining a test result of the engine bench test, comprehensively analyzing the specific fuel oil reduction rate, the rated rotating speed torque increase rate, the particulate matter PM emission reduction rate and the nitrogen oxide NOx emission reduction rate of the test result, and selecting an optimal mixing proportion;

fitting by a least square method based on the formula components of the fuel oil cleaning synergist and the optimal blending proportion data to obtain a recommended model of the component formula of the fuel oil cleaning synergist and the blending proportion of the fuel oil;

carrying out application and test, and verifying the use effect of the fuel oil cleaning synergist with different formulas and mixing proportions;

selecting the prepared fuel detergent synergist specifically comprises selecting four parts of fuel detergents, including a first part of fuel detergent, a second part of fuel detergent, a third part of fuel detergent and a fourth part of fuel detergent; the mass proportions of the nitromethane, the nitroethane, the 1-nitropropane, the ester oil mixture, the toluene and the polyether amine of the first fuel detergent are respectively 15%, 13%, 35%, 2%, 28% and 7%;

the mass proportions of the nitromethane, the nitroethane, the 1-nitropropane, the ester oil mixture, the toluene and the polyether amine of the second part of the fuel detergent are respectively 16%, 15%, 41%, 2%, 18% and 8%;

the third part of the fuel detergent comprises the components of nitromethane, nitroethane, 1-nitropropane, ester oil mixture, toluene and polyether amine in mass ratios of 16%, 15%, 41%, 2%, 8% and 18% respectively;

the fourth fuel detergent comprises the components of nitromethane, nitroethane, 1-nitropropane, ester oil mixture, toluene and polyether amine in mass ratios of 16%, 14%, 51%, 2%, 8% and 9% respectively;

mixing the first part of fuel detergent, the second part of fuel detergent, the third part of fuel detergent and the fourth part of fuel detergent with fuel according to the proportion of 800, 1000 and 1200 multiplied by 10 respectively ^-6 Blending according to the mass ratio to form 12 blending schemes;

fitting the formula components based on the fuel oil cleaning synergist and the optimal blending proportion data by a least square method to obtain a recommended model of the component formula of the fuel oil cleaning synergist and the blending proportion of the fuel oil, and specifically comprising the following steps:

fitting x and y based on a least square method to obtain a fitted data model of a formula (1);

C＝58.80×a－6.28×b+9.99×c－8.20×e+11.80×f－203.28 (1)；

calculating the blending proportion of different formulas by taking the components of other formulas as x values based on the fitted data model;

and a, b, c, e and f respectively represent the mass ratio of the components of nitromethane, nitroethane, 1-nitropropane, toluene and polyether amine of the fuel detergent.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the fuel detergent builder comprises:

the selected and prepared fuel oil cleaning synergist is respectively mixed with fuel oil according to the proportion of 800, 1000 and 1200 multiplied by 10 ^-6 Mixing according to the mass ratio, comprising:

each fuel oil cleaning synergist is respectively mixed with 0# diesel oil according to the proportion of 800, 1000 and 1200 multiplied by 10 ^-6 Mixing according to the mass ratio;

the engine bench test of different fuel cleaning synergist and different fuel proportion is developed to test the oil saving rate, the dynamic property and the emission reduction of the engine, and the method also comprises the following steps:

the engine bench test process is that diesel oil without fuel additive and fuel additives with different formulas are respectively 800, 1000 and 1200 multiplied by 10 in turn ^-6 Fuel oil mixed with diesel oil in a mass ratio;

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the fuel detergent builder comprises:

the test also comprises a dynamic test, which is to respectively test the torque values of different fuel oils at the rated rotating speed of the engine, after the rotating speed of the engine reaches the rated rotating speed and is stabilized for 100 seconds, the torque of the engine is tested for 20 seconds, and the average value is calculated based on the torque value of 20 seconds, so that the torque value of the corresponding fuel oil at the rated rotating speed of the engine can be obtained;

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the fuel detergent synergist comprises:

the development application and the test are carried out to verify the use effects of the fuel oil cleaning synergist with different formulas and mixing proportions, and the method at least comprises the following steps:

the first fuel oil cleaning synergist is formulated in 750 x 10 ^-6 Mixing the components in the gasoline according to the mass ratio, and testing the power and the fuel consumption rate of an engine bench at the rotating speeds of at least 1200, 1600, 2000, 5600 and 6000r/min on the basis of the fuel without the fuel cleaning synergist and the fuel with the fuel cleaning synergist;

the formulation of the second fuel oil cleaning synergist is 950 multiplied by 10 ^-6 Mixing the fuel oil with the diesel oil according to the mass ratio, and carrying out bench test on the diesel oil engine without the fuel oil cleaning synergist and the fuel oil with the fuel oil cleaning synergist;

the formulation of the third fuel oil cleaning synergist is 1150 x 10 ^-6 The mass ratio is mixed in diesel oil, and after the diesel oil is used for a first time period in a diesel vehicle, the surface of an engine piston is observed through an endoscope;

the mass proportions of the nitromethane, the nitroethane, the 1-nitropropane, the ester oil mixture, the toluene and the polyether amine in the first fuel oil cleaning synergist formula are respectively 14%, 16%, 35%, 2%, 26% and 7%;

the mass proportions of the nitromethane, the nitroethane, the 1-nitropropane, the ester oil mixture, the toluene and the polyether amine in the formula of the second fuel oil cleaning synergist are respectively 15%, 42%, 2%, 18% and 8%;

the mass proportions of the nitromethane, the nitroethane, the 1-nitropropane, the ester oil mixture, the toluene and the polyether amine in the third fuel oil cleaning synergist formula are respectively 15%, 40%, 2%, 8% and 20%;

the first duration is one month.