CN114479913A - Heavy and poor crude oil pretreatment process - Google Patents
Heavy and poor crude oil pretreatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114479913A CN114479913A CN202210021052.1A CN202210021052A CN114479913A CN 114479913 A CN114479913 A CN 114479913A CN 202210021052 A CN202210021052 A CN 202210021052A CN 114479913 A CN114479913 A CN 114479913A
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- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002569 water oil cream Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 46
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019476 oil-water mixture Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ferrous sulfide Chemical compound [Fe]=S MBMLMWLHJBBADN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical class Cl* 0.000 description 1
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G33/00—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G33/02—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils with electrical or magnetic means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G31/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for
- C10G31/10—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for with the aid of centrifugal force
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G32/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils by electric or magnetic means, by irradiation, or by using microorganisms
- C10G32/02—Refining of hydrocarbon oils by electric or magnetic means, by irradiation, or by using microorganisms by electric or magnetic means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G33/00—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G33/04—Dewatering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils with chemical means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G53/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes
- C10G53/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes plural serial stages only
Abstract
The invention discloses a heavy and inferior crude oil pretreatment process, wherein water and demulsifier are added into crude oil, the mixed raw oil is mixed, and the mixed raw oil is firstly acted by an electromagnetic dephlegmator, then enters an electric desalting tank through an oil inlet pipe and is subjected to oil-water separation under the action of an electric field, the dehydrated crude oil flows out of the electric desalting tank through an oil outlet pipe, the removed sewage flows out of the electric desalting tank through a drain pipe for sewage treatment, the standard-reaching wastewater after sewage treatment is discharged outside, an oil-water emulsion containing salts, solid impurities, oil particles and water enters a supergravity centrifugal separation device, the solid impurities after centrifugal separation are discarded, and the dirty oil enters the electric desalting tank again for oil-water separation treatment before being injected into the electromagnetic dephlegmator, so that the dirty oil is fully utilized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crude oil pretreatment, in particular to a heavy and poor crude oil pretreatment process.
Background
Because the crude oil contains metal salts and water, the corrosion of a subsequent processing device and the catalyst poisoning of a secondary processing device can be caused when the crude oil is processed, and in order to meet the requirement of deep processing of the crude oil, an oil refining enterprise needs to carry out pretreatment on the crude oil through a crude oil electric desalting device. In recent years, with the wide application of deep mining and tertiary oil recovery technologies of domestic oil fields, more heavy and poor crude oil is produced, the heavy and poor crude oil is multiple, the poor crude oil contains higher solid impurity content and unstable asphaltene, water-insoluble salts (namely chlorine salt which cannot be extracted by water) exist in the crude oil, the water-insoluble salts are insoluble in emulsified water, and the inferior tendency of the domestic electric desalting device processing is obvious at present.
Heavy and poor crude oilThe continuous increase of the production amount also brings the problem of heavy and poor crude oil electric desalting in the deep processing of the oil. Heavy and poor crude oil generally has high specific gravity (the relative density is usually more than 0.92 g/cm)3) The method has the characteristics of high viscosity, high salt content, high asphaltene content, high inorganic solid content, high metal content and the like, and often causes the problems of fluctuation of operation of the electric desalting device, high power consumption, high salt content and water content of crude oil after desalting, thickening of an emulsion layer, oil content of discharged water of the desalting device and the like, particularly serious oil carrying of the discharged water of the electric desalting device, difficulty in subsequent sewage treatment and environmental protection pressure.
For the electric desalting of heavy and poor crude oil, the method frequently adopted at home and abroad is blending, and after the heavy and poor oil and light oil with better properties are mixed, the density and viscosity of the oil are reduced, so that the risk of processing the heavy and poor oil is reduced. There are also methods for processing heavy and low quality oils by adding diluents. For an electric desalting device, the existing oil refineries at home and abroad are basically horizontal electric desalting devices, and the electrode plates mainly have horizontal plate electrodes and vertical suspension electrodes. The oil-water mixture enters the electric desalting tank body through the oil inlet pipe, a high-voltage electric field is formed between the electrode plates in the electric desalting tank by the special transformer arranged on the electric desalting tank, and after the oil-water mixture enters the tank body from the lower part of the electric desalting tank body, oil-water separation is realized under the action of the high-voltage electric field and gravity, so that salt and water in crude oil are removed.
The electro-desalting process removes solid impurities from the crude oil, such as sand, clay, iron sulfide, iron oxide, and other solid materials, which either settle at the bottom of the desalter or are suspended in the emulsion layer as an emulsion. Solid impurities deposited at the bottom of the desalination tank will form a "mud" or sludge that is removed by the backwash system. The tiny solid particle substances suspended in the emulsion layer, such as clay, sand, inorganic solid and the like, are generally charged, so that the tiny solid particle substances can be uniformly dispersed in the crude oil due to the charge, and the tiny solid particle substances have a great promotion effect on the stability of the emulsion. The emulsion can form a thick emulsion layer after a period of time accumulation, so that the water after oil-water separation contains more solid impurities and oil content, and even the oil content in the water discharged by the desalter is up to 10000 ppm. The electric desalting device has poor desalting effect and serious drainage and oil carrying, which are common problems in domestic heavy and poor crude oil refining enterprises at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a heavy and poor crude oil pretreatment process, wherein water and a demulsifier are added into crude oil, the mixed crude oil after mixing is firstly subjected to the action of an electromagnetic dephlegmator, then enters an electric desalting tank through an oil inlet pipe and is subjected to oil-water separation under the action of an electric field, the dehydrated crude oil flows out of the electric desalting tank through an oil outlet pipe, the removed sewage flows out of the electric desalting tank through a drain pipe and is subjected to sewage treatment, the standard wastewater after sewage treatment is discharged outside, an oil-water emulsion containing salts, solid impurities, oil particles and water enters a supergravity centrifugal separation device, the solid impurities after centrifugal separation are discarded, and the dirty oil (containing more water) is fed back into the electromagnetic dephlegmator and is subjected to oil-water separation treatment again before being injected into the electromagnetic dephlegmator, so that the dirty oil is fully utilized.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a heavy and poor crude oil pretreatment process comprises the following specific steps:
s1: adding a polyether demulsifier ST-14 and water into the crude oil to be treated, and fully mixing the demulsifier, the water and the crude oil;
s2: treating the mixed liquid of the demulsifier, the water and the crude oil mixed in the last step by an electromagnetic dephlegmator;
s3: then the wastewater enters an electric desalting tank through an oil inlet pipe for dehydration treatment, after three-stage electric desalting, the purified oil with salt and water removed flows out of the electric desalting tank through an oil outlet pipe, and the separated sewage flows out of the electric desalting tank through a drain pipe and is treated by sewage, and the wastewater reaching the standard is discharged outside;
s4: and (3) allowing the oil-water emulsion containing the impurities to enter a supergravity centrifugal separation device for centrifugal separation, discarding the centrifugally separated solid impurities, injecting the dirty oil back into an electromagnetic dephlegmator, and repeating the steps for three times to finish the treatment.
Preferably, the electromagnetic frequency of the electromagnetic dephlegmator is 50-300Hz, and the magnetic flux density is 0.04-0.3T.
Preferably, 2-4 layers of electrode plates are horizontally arranged in the electric desalting tank, the electric field intensity of a high-voltage electric field between the electrode plates is 800-3000V/cm, and the action time is 5-50 min.
Preferably, the electrode plate in the electric desalting tank can be one of a horizontal electrode plate, a vertical electrode plate, a squirrel-cage electrode plate and a combined electrode plate.
Preferably, the high-voltage electric field between the electrode plates may be one of a direct-current electric field, an alternating-current/direct-current electric field, a high-voltage high-frequency electric field and a high-voltage pulse electric field.
Preferably, the rotational speed of the centrifugal device can be 2000-15000rpm, the operating temperature can be between normal temperature and 100 ℃, and the centrifugal time can be between 5 and 50 min.
Preferably, the purified crude oil after the three-stage electric desalting is analyzed, the salt content in the purified oil sample is 2.6mg/L NaCl, the water content is 0.15%, and the oil content in the discharged wastewater of the electric desalting device is 175ppm by analyzing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the device is simple, and can achieve good heavy and poor crude oil desalting and dewatering effects by only arranging one set of electromagnetic dephlegmator on the pipeline in front of the electric desalting tank and adding one set of supergravity centrifugal separation device behind the electric desalting tank, thereby improving the desalting rate and the dewatering rate of the electric desalting device, being convenient to operate and easy to realize. Meanwhile, the oil content of the discharged sewage is reduced, the environmental pollution is reduced, and the utilization rate of resources is improved due to the cyclic treatment and utilization of the dirty oil.
The electromagnetic dephlegmator is used for processing the oil-water mixed material, so that the emulsification state of the oil-water mixed material can be improved, the properties of the raw material can be improved, and the subsequent desalting and dewatering of the electric desalting tank are facilitated. And (3) carrying out centrifugal separation on the oil-water emulsion by adopting a supergravity centrifugal separation device to obtain an oil-water mixed material without solid impurities for cyclic utilization, so that the resource utilization rate is improved. The electric desalting device does not contain oily sewage (or sewage reaching the standard) to be discharged, and the standard reaching rate of the discharged sewage is improved. Therefore, the method can obviously improve the electric desalting effect of heavy and poor crude oil which has poor desalting and dewatering effects and serious oil carrying of the electric desalting device, so that the salt content, the water content and the oil content of the discharged water after electric desalting reach the required technical indexes. After electric desalting, the salt content of the crude oil is generally not more than 3mg/L, the water content is not more than 0.3 percent, and the oil content of the drained water is not more than 200 ppm. The technical scheme of the invention can be adopted for heavy and poor crude oil with high density, high metal content, high solid impurity content, high salt content, high water content and the like, so that the desalting and dewatering conditions can be better improved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
The crude oil pretreatment process comprises the following steps: mixing crude oil containing certain salts, a small amount of water and impurities, a certain amount of water and a demulsifier, then passing through an electromagnetic dephlegmator, entering into a tank body through an oil inlet pipe of an electric desalting tank, then entering into a high-voltage electric field area between electrode plates to complete coalescence, desalination and dehydration of small water drops, enabling the desalted and dehydrated purified crude oil to flow through a crude oil collector and flow out of the electric desalting tank through an oil outlet pipe, discharging the dehydrated water out of the electric desalting tank through a drain pipe for sewage treatment, centrifugally treating oil-water emulsion which does not reach the discharge standard after sewage treatment through a super-gravity centrifugal separation device, discharging the obtained solid residues, injecting the oil-water mixed material without the solid impurities back to the electromagnetic dephlegmator, and then entering the electric desalting device for desalination and dehydration again.
Example 1:
this example is used to illustrate the heavy and poor crude oil pretreatment process and the pretreatment method thereof according to the present invention.
Aiming at certain heavy pipeline crude oil in China, the density is 0.94g/cm3Salt content 65.3mg/LNaCl, water content0.56% (m/m), metal content: 19.5ppm of calcium, 35.0ppm of nickel and 189.4ppm of vanadium.
The crude oil pretreatment process conditions are as follows: adding a polyether demulsifier ST-14 with the crude oil mass concentration of 30 mug/g and water with the crude oil mass fraction of 6% into the crude oil, fully mixing the demulsifier, the water and the crude oil, and then acting for 5min by an electromagnetic pour point depressant, wherein the electromagnetic frequency of the electromagnetic pour point depressant is 100Hz, and the magnetic flux density is 0.14T. Then enters an electric desalting tank through an oil inlet pipe, and is dehydrated for 10min in a high-voltage electric field with the high-voltage electric field intensity of 1500V/cm at the temperature of 140 ℃. After three-stage electric desalting, the purified oil without salt and water flows out of the electric desalting device through an oil outlet pipe, the separated sewage flows out of the electric desalting device through a drain pipe and is treated, the standard-reaching wastewater is discharged outside, and an oil-water emulsion containing impurities enters a super-gravity centrifugal separation device and is subjected to centrifugal separation for 20min at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotating speed of 8000 rpm. And (4) discarding the solid impurities after centrifugal separation, and before the dirty oil is injected into the electromagnetic dephlegmator, re-entering the electric desalting device for desalting and dewatering.
And analyzing the purified crude oil subjected to the three-stage electro-desalting, wherein the salt content in the purified oil sample is 2.6mg/L NaCl, and the water content is 0.15%. The discharged wastewater of the electric desalting device was analyzed, and the oil content of the discharged wastewater was 175 ppm.
Example 2:
this example is used to illustrate the heavy and poor crude oil pretreatment process and the pretreatment method thereof according to the present invention.
Aiming at the import heavy crude oil in south America, the density is 0.94g/cm3Salt content 125.6mg/LNaCl, water content 0.48% (m/m), metal content: 37.5ppm of calcium, 226.4ppm of nickel and 146.8ppm of vanadium.
The crude oil pretreatment process conditions are as follows: adding a polyether demulsifier AP-61 with the crude oil mass concentration of 40 mu g/g and water with the crude oil mass fraction of 6% into the crude oil, fully mixing the demulsifier, the water and the crude oil, and then acting for 8min by an electromagnetic dephlegmator, wherein the electromagnetic frequency of the electromagnetic dephlegmator is 150Hz, and the magnetic flux density is 0.18T. Then enters an electric desalting tank through an oil inlet pipe, and is dehydrated for 18min in a high-voltage electric field with the high-voltage electric field intensity of 2000V/cm at the temperature of 135 ℃. After three-stage electric desalting, the purified oil without salt and water flows out of the electric desalting device through an oil outlet pipe, the separated sewage flows out of the electric desalting device through a drain pipe and is treated, the standard-reaching wastewater is discharged outside, and the oil-water emulsion containing impurities enters a super-gravity centrifugal separation device and is subjected to centrifugal separation for 25min at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 6000 rpm. And (4) discarding the solid impurities after centrifugal separation, and before the dirty oil is injected into the electromagnetic dephlegmator, re-entering the electric desalting device for desalting and dewatering.
And analyzing the purified crude oil subjected to the three-stage electric desalting, wherein the salt content in the purified oil sample is 2.8mg/L NaCl, and the water content is 0.14%. The discharged wastewater of the electric desalting device was analyzed, and the oil content of the discharged wastewater was 126 ppm.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A heavy and poor crude oil pretreatment process is characterized in that: the heavy and poor crude oil pretreatment process comprises the following specific steps:
s1: adding a polyether demulsifier ST-14 and water into the crude oil to be treated, and fully mixing the demulsifier, the water and the crude oil;
s2: treating the mixed liquid of the demulsifier, the water and the crude oil mixed in the last step by an electromagnetic dephlegmator;
s3: then the wastewater enters an electric desalting tank through an oil inlet pipe for dehydration treatment, after three-stage electric desalting, the purified oil with salt and water removed flows out of the electric desalting tank through an oil outlet pipe, and the separated sewage flows out of the electric desalting tank through a drain pipe and is treated by sewage, and the wastewater reaching the standard is discharged outside;
s4: and (3) allowing the oil-water emulsion containing the impurities to enter a supergravity centrifugal separation device for centrifugal separation, discarding the centrifugally separated solid impurities, injecting the dirty oil back into an electromagnetic dephlegmator, and repeating the steps for three times to finish the treatment.
2. The heavy and poor crude oil pretreatment process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pretreatment process comprises the following steps: the electromagnetic frequency of the electromagnetic dephlegmator is 50-300Hz, and the magnetic flux density is 0.04-0.3T.
3. The heavy and poor crude oil pretreatment process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pretreatment process comprises the following steps: the electric desalting tank is internally provided with 2-4 layers of electrode plates which are horizontally arranged, the electric field intensity of a high-voltage electric field between the electrode plates is 800-3000V/cm, and the action time is 5-50 min.
4. The heavy and poor crude oil pretreatment process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pretreatment process comprises the following steps: the electrode plate in the electric desalting tank is one of a horizontal electrode plate, a vertical electrode plate, a squirrel-cage electrode plate and a combined electrode plate.
5. The heavy and poor crude oil pretreatment process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pretreatment process comprises the following steps: the high-voltage electric field between the electrode plates is one of a direct-current electric field, an alternating-current and direct-current electric field, a high-voltage high-frequency electric field and a high-voltage pulse electric field.
6. The heavy and poor crude oil pretreatment process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pretreatment process comprises the following steps: the rotational speed of the centrifugal equipment can be 2000-15000rpm, the operating temperature can be between normal temperature and 100 ℃, and the centrifugal time can be 5-50 min.
7. The heavy and poor crude oil pretreatment process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pretreatment process comprises the following steps: and analyzing the purified crude oil subjected to the three-stage electric desalting, wherein the salt content in the purified oil sample is 2.6mg/L NaCl, the water content is 0.15%, and the oil content of the discharged water is 175ppm by analyzing the discharged wastewater of the electric desalting device.
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| CN108203592A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2018-06-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of Desalting and Dewatering from Crude Oil equipment and its application |
| CN110903850A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-03-24 | 北京石油化工学院 | Crude oil electric desalting equipment and method |
| CN111676052A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-09-18 | 北京科安博科技有限公司 | High-efficient electric desalting and dewatering equipment |
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2022
- 2022-01-10 CN CN202210021052.1A patent/CN114479913A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104927895A (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2015-09-23 | 碧海舟（北京）石油化工设备有限公司 | High-acid crude oil electro-desalting process |
| CN108203592A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2018-06-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of Desalting and Dewatering from Crude Oil equipment and its application |
| CN110903850A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-03-24 | 北京石油化工学院 | Crude oil electric desalting equipment and method |
| CN111676052A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-09-18 | 北京科安博科技有限公司 | High-efficient electric desalting and dewatering equipment |
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