CN114475958B - Open water performance test device for hydrofoil model - Google Patents
Open water performance test device for hydrofoil model Download PDFInfo
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- CN114475958B CN114475958B CN202210066882.6A CN202210066882A CN114475958B CN 114475958 B CN114475958 B CN 114475958B CN 202210066882 A CN202210066882 A CN 202210066882A CN 114475958 B CN114475958 B CN 114475958B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B71/00—Designing vessels; Predicting their performance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrodynamic tests of ships and ocean engineering, and particularly relates to a hydrofoil model open water performance test device. Comprises a supporting structure, a hydrofoil motion control system, a measurement and control system and a hydrofoil positioning system (false bottom). The supporting structure of the hydrofoil model open water performance testing device needs to be fixed on a circulating water tank, a hydrofoil motion control system is arranged above the water tank through a supporting framework, and a hydrofoil positioning system (a false bottom) is used for being matched with the device. The invention is used for the hydrofoil circumfluence test of laboratory facilities such as a circulating water tank and the like, and controls the heave and the rotation of a test model through a lifting rod system and a rotating mechanism. The hydrofoil model open water performance test device has the characteristics of reasonable design, simple structure, simplicity and convenience in operation, high precision, low counterfeiting, easiness in processing and installation, wide applicable hydrofoil model range and the like, and can be used for carrying out related scientific research, teaching and engineering hydrofoil model tests.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydrodynamic tests of ships and ocean engineering, and particularly relates to a hydrofoil model open water performance test device.
Background
The hydrofoil is widely applied to the aspects of ships and ocean engineering, the stabilizer fin, the rudder, the propeller, the rotor rotating vane of the water jet propeller and the like belong to the classification of the hydrofoil, the hydrofoil open water performance test mainly aims to research the hydrodynamic performance of the hydrofoil, and the influence rule of the hydrofoil on the resistance, the lift force and the moment of the model can be researched by adjusting the influence factors such as the shape of the hydrofoil, the water flow speed and the incoming flow attack angle. The hydrofoil with excellent hydrodynamic performance can improve the ship control performance, reduce the ship rolling and improve the stability. Aiming at the problems, the invention provides an open water performance test device suitable for various types of hydrofoils.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydrofoil model open water performance test device which has high precision, simple and convenient use and operation and wide application range and can be applied to the general engineering tests of laboratory facilities such as a circulating water tank and the like and the teaching tests of higher schools.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a hydrofoil model open water performance test device, which comprises a supporting structure, a hydrofoil motion control system, a measurement and control system and a hydrofoil positioning system, wherein the hydrofoil motion control system is connected with the hydrofoil positioning system through a water supply pipeline;
the supporting structure comprises an outer supporting frame, an inner supporting frame, an upper cover, side plates, upper and lower supporting columns and a bottom plate; the supporting structure is fixed on the circulating water tank through a supporting outer frame, the supporting outer frame is a rectangular frame consisting of 2 long channel steels and 6 short channel steels, the supporting inner frame is a square frame consisting of 8 short channel steels and provided with a cavity, and 6 short channel steels used for fixing the hydrofoil motion control system, the length of the supporting inner frame is the same as that of the short channel steels of the supporting outer frame, and the frame consisting of an upper cover, two side plates, four upper and lower supports and a bottom plate is placed in the cavity and used for being connected with the hydrofoil motion control system in series;
the hydrofoil motion control system comprises a lifting block, a lifter, a pointer, a dial, a rotating motor, a connecting shaft and a shaft lower end connection; the lifting block is nested on a shaft of the lifter and is connected with the side plate, the lifter is fixed on the short channel steel of the support inner frame, the lower end of the lifter is attached to the short channel steel of the support inner frame, and a scale is attached to the side surface of the lifter and is used for observing the change condition of lifting motion; the rotating motor is arranged in the center of the bottom plate; the connecting shaft sequentially penetrates through the bottom plate, the rotating motor and the upper cover and is used for connecting the components and integrally transmitting; the dial is fixedly connected with the upper cover; the pointer is arranged at the top of the connecting shaft; the lower end of the connecting shaft is provided with a shaft lower end connection, and the shaft lower end connection is connected with the measurement and control system and the hydrofoil model, so that a pointer at the upper end of the connecting shaft and the model at the lower end synchronously rotate; the connecting shaft drives the hydrofoil model to rotate through the operation of the rotating motor, and the rotating angle is observed through the pointer and the dial; the elevator works to drive the lifting block to move up and down, so that the hydrofoil model completes lifting movement;
the measurement and control system comprises a motor controller, a data acquisition unit and a multi-component force balance; the motor controller is used for controlling the operation of the lifter and the rotating motor, and can monitor and read through a scale plate, a pointer and a dial plate of the lifter; the multi-component force balance is arranged on the connection at the lower end of the shaft, the lower part of the multi-component force balance is connected with the hydrofoil positioning system and then connected with the hydrofoil model, the resistance, the lift force and the torque borne by the hydrofoil model are measured through the multi-component force balance, and the data are transmitted to the data acquisition unit for real-time monitoring.
The hydrofoil positioning system is a false bottom and comprises a support rod, a fin shaft, a reinforcing material, a false bottom plate, a flow guide cover, a support arm, channel steel and an observation window; the channel steel is fixed above the circulating water tank, the supporting rod penetrates through the channel steel to be connected with the supporting arm, the lower end of the supporting arm is sequentially connected with the reinforcing material and the dummy bottom plate, the lower end of the multi-component balance is sequentially connected with the fin shaft, the flow guide cover, the reinforcing material, the dummy bottom plate and the hydrofoil model, and the flow guide cover and the supporting arm are of fusiform structures to reduce the influence of a connecting shaft of the hydrofoil model and the underwater part of the supporting arm on the stress measurement of the hydrofoil model; the center of the false bottom plate is provided with a square hole with the same size as the transparent observation window, fixing holes are arranged around the false bottom plate, the edge part of the observation window is also provided with holes and is arranged together with the flow guide cover, the false bottom plate and the false bottom plate are fixedly assembled into a whole through bolts, and the underwater state of the hydrofoil model can be monitored through the transparent observation window.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention is suitable for the hydrofoil model hydrodynamic performance test of general engineering and is also suitable for the hydrofoil hydrodynamic performance teaching test. In addition, the invention adopts the motor controlled by the encoder to control the motion of the hydrofoil model, thereby not only realizing static test, but also testing the dynamic working conditions of sine periodic motion, flapping motion and the like. The false bottom device designed by the invention can be adjusted in height according to the condition of the water tank, so that the real working condition of the hydrofoil can be simulated, and the measurement error can be reduced by the fusiform air guide sleeve. The device is simple to debug, easy to maintain and maintain, high in test precision, convenient to use and operate and wide in applicability, and an electrical measurement technology is applied.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general structure of the open water performance test device of the hydrofoil model of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a hydrofoil motion control mechanism of the hydrofoil model open water performance test device of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a hydrofoil positioning system (false bottom) of the hydrofoil model open water performance test device of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a supporting structure of the hydrofoil model open water performance test device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of measurement and control of the hydrofoil model open water performance test device.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
According to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention comprises a support structure, a hydrofoil motion control system, a measurement and control system, and a hydrofoil positioning system (false bottom).
The supporting structure is fastened on the circulating water tank through a supporting outer frame 1; a lifting block 3 and a lifter 4 in the hydrofoil motion control system form a lifting rod system, the lifting rod system is connected with the supporting inner frame 2 through bolts, the lifter 4 is nested with one lifting block 3, and the lifting block 3 is connected with a side plate 8 through screws; the rotating mechanism connects the rotating motor 10, the pointer 5 and the hydrofoil model through a connecting shaft 12, and connects the rotating mechanism with an inner frame consisting of the upper cover 7, the side plates 8, the upper and lower support columns 9 and the bottom plate 11 through screws, so that the lifting rod system and the rotating mechanism form a whole, and the lifting and the rotating of the hydrofoil can be carried out simultaneously.
A motor controller 14 in the measurement and control system is connected with the lifter 4 and the rotating motor 10 through leads to control the test model to lift and rotate, and reading can be observed through a scale, a pointer 5 and a dial 6; the data acquisition unit 15 is mainly used for supplying power to the multi-component force balance 17 and converting an analog electric signal transmitted through a lead into a digital signal and storing the digital signal in a hard disk of a computer.
The hydrofoil positioning system (false bottom) is used for simulating the real working environment of a hydrofoil model, the upper surface of the hydrofoil model is close to the false bottom device as much as possible through a lifting rod system, and the false bottom plate 20 is an acrylic plate and can observe the motion condition of the hydrofoil in the test process.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is that:
1. calibrating a variable multi-component balance 17 and sensors to obtain sensitivity coefficients of the elements, installing the multi-component balance 17 on a connecting shaft 12, then installing and fixing a hydrofoil model, after installing and adjusting a false bottom device, fixing a testing device on a circulating water tank, adjusting the position of the model through a lifter according to the position of the false bottom, checking whether an encoder and a motor work normally and whether the number of each sensor is accurate, starting a data acquisition system, and completing early-stage preparation of the test.
2. And (4) carrying out a static model hydrodynamic test, adjusting the flow velocity of water in the water tank to a required test value, and measuring the stress data of the hydrofoil model. And changing the attack angle of the model to obtain the resistance, the lift force and the torque of the model under different attack angles.
3. And performing a dynamic model hydrodynamic test, controlling the swing amplitude and the swing frequency of the hydrofoil model by controlling the working mode of the rotating motor 10, and measuring the resistance, the lift force and the torque of the model in real time.
4. And after the required test working condition is completed, the data acquisition system is closed, and the test device and various sensors are disassembled.
According to fig. 3, the support structure comprises an outer support frame 1 for fixing the device on a water tank, an inner support frame 2 for connecting a servo transmission mechanism in series, an upper cover 7, a side plate 8, an upper support column 9, a lower support column 9 and a bottom plate 11.
According to fig. 2 and 4, the hydrofoil motion control system comprises a lifting rod system and a rotating mechanism which respectively control lifting and rotating, as well as a pointer 5 for indicating numbers, a scale plate 6 and a connecting shaft 12 for connecting the hydrofoil. Wherein, the upper end of the shaft is provided with an angle sensor, the lower section of the shaft is provided with a multi-component balance 17 which is connected with the hydrofoil used in the test, the angle sensor is used for accurately determining the attack angle of the hydrofoil, and the multi-component balance 17 is used for measuring the force and the moment of the hydrofoil.
According to fig. 4, the hydrofoil positioning system (false bottom) comprises a channel steel 23 for fixing, a fusiform diversion 21, a false bottom plate 20 and the like, and the false bottom is used for simulating the real working environment of the hydrofoil and eliminating the influence of the free liquid surface of the water tank on the hydrofoil, so that the immersion effect is reduced. The false floor 20 is made of acrylic sheet and has a transparent viewing window 24 for viewing the state of the hydrofoil during the test.
The method comprises the following steps of firstly carrying out early-stage preparation before a test is carried out, firstly, connecting a multi-component force balance 17 and a sensor into a data acquisition unit 15, carrying out zero setting on the data acquisition unit, connecting a lifter 4 and a rotating motor 10 into a motor controller 14, and checking whether each sensor and a motor encoder work normally and whether each parameter is accurate; after the debugging is accomplished, fix false end device on circulating water tank, through G word clamp fixed channel-section steel 23 to adjust false end device position through adjusting the bracing piece 16, install the model afterwards and place the device on the basin, fasten through supporting outrigger 1, through 4 lift models of lift, make the model upper end press close to false bottom plate 20 as far as, after the debugging before the completion is experimental, can begin to test.
And (3) adjusting the motor controller 14 for controlling the rotating motor 10 to enable the model to be at the 0-degree attack angle position, adjusting the water flow speed in the circulating water tank until the test working condition is met, starting to record various data of the multi-component force balance 17, and storing the data.
The angle of attack of the model is changed by adjusting the motor controller 14 controlling the rotating machine 10, the test of the next operating condition is performed, and the operation is repeated until the stall angle is reached, and the acquisition of the static operating condition is completed.
By controlling the working mode of the rotating motor 10 and the swing amplitude and the swing frequency of the model through the connecting shaft 12, the dynamic working condition test of the model is carried out, various data of the multi-component balance 17 are recorded, and the data are well stored.
And after all the test working conditions are completed, the data acquisition unit 15 and the motor controller 14 are closed, the device is dismounted from the circulating water tank, and the test model and various sensors are dismounted.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a hydrofoil model opens water performance test device which characterized in that: the hydrofoil motion control system comprises a support structure, a hydrofoil motion control system, a measurement and control system and a hydrofoil positioning system;
the supporting structure comprises an outer supporting frame (1), an inner supporting frame (2), an upper cover (7), side plates (8), an upper strut and a lower strut (9) and a bottom plate (11); the supporting structure is fixed on the circulating water tank through a supporting outer frame (1), the supporting outer frame (1) is a rectangular frame consisting of 2 long channel steels and 6 short channel steels, the supporting inner frame (2) is a square frame consisting of 8 short channel steels and provided with a cavity, and 6 short channel steels for fixing the hydrofoil motion control system, the length of the supporting inner frame is the same as that of the short channel steels of the supporting outer frame (1), and the frame consisting of an upper cover (7), two side plates (8), four upper and lower pillars (9) and a bottom plate (11) is placed in the cavity and used for connecting the hydrofoil motion control system in series;
the hydrofoil motion control system comprises a lifting block (3), a lifter (4), a pointer (5), a dial (6), a rotating motor (10), a connecting shaft (12) and a shaft lower end connecting device (13); the lifting block (3) is nested on a shaft of the lifter (4) and is connected with the side plate (8), the lifter (4) is fixed on the short channel steel of the supporting inner frame (2), the lower end of the lifter is attached to the short channel steel of the supporting inner frame (2), and a scale is attached to the side surface of the lifter for observing the change condition of lifting motion; the rotating motor (10) is arranged in the center of the bottom plate (11); the connecting shaft (12) sequentially penetrates through the bottom plate (11), the rotating motor (10) and the upper cover (7) and is used for connecting the components and integrally transmitting; the dial (6) is fixedly connected with the upper cover (7); the pointer (5) is arranged at the top of the connecting shaft (12); a shaft lower end connecting device (13) is installed at the lower end of the connecting shaft (12), and the shaft lower end connecting device (13) is connected with the measurement and control system and the hydrofoil model, so that a pointer (5) at the upper end of the connecting shaft (12) and the model at the lower end rotate synchronously; the connecting shaft (12) drives the hydrofoil model to rotate through the operation of the rotating motor (10), and the rotating angle is observed through the pointer (5) and the dial (6); the lifter (4) works to drive the lifting block (3) to move up and down, so that the hydrofoil model completes lifting movement;
the measurement and control system comprises a motor controller (14), a data acquisition unit (15) and a multi-component force balance (17); the motor controller (14) is used for controlling the operation of the lifter (4) and the rotating motor (10), and can monitor the reading through a scale plate, a pointer (5) and a dial plate (6) of the lifter (4); the multi-component force balance (17) is arranged on the connecting device (13) at the lower end of the shaft, the lower part of the multi-component force balance (17) is connected with the hydrofoil positioning system and then connected with the hydrofoil model, the resistance, the lift force and the moment borne by the hydrofoil model are measured through the multi-component force balance (17), and data are transmitted to the data acquisition unit (15) for real-time monitoring;
the hydrofoil positioning system is a false bottom and comprises a support rod (16), a fin shaft (18), a reinforcing material (19), a false bottom plate (20), a flow guide sleeve (21), a support arm (22), a channel steel (23) and an observation window (24); the channel steel (23) is fixed above the circulating water tank, the supporting rod (16) penetrates through the channel steel (23) and is connected with the supporting arm (22), the lower end of the supporting arm (22) is sequentially connected with the reinforcing material (19) and the dummy bottom plate (20), the lower end of the multi-component balance (17) is sequentially connected with the fin shaft (18), the flow guide cover (21), the reinforcing material (19), the dummy bottom plate (20) and the hydrofoil model, and the flow guide cover (21) and the supporting arm (22) are of shuttle-shaped structures to reduce the influence of a connecting shaft of the hydrofoil model and the underwater part of the supporting arm (22) on the stress measurement of the hydrofoil model; the center of the false bottom plate (20) is provided with a square hole with the same size as the transparent observation window (24), fixing holes are arranged around the square hole, the edge part of the observation window (24) is also provided with holes and is installed with the flow guide cover (21) together, the false bottom plate (20) is fixedly assembled into a whole through bolts, and the underwater state of the hydrofoil model can be monitored through the transparent observation window (24).
2. The hydrofoil model open water performance test device of claim 1, characterized in that: the supporting rod (16) adopts a full-rod thread form, is fixedly connected with the channel steel (23) through a disc-shaped nut, and can adjust the distance between the false bottom plate (20) and the channel steel (23) to adapt to water surfaces with different heights.
3. The hydrofoil model open water performance test device of claim 1, characterized in that: the lifter (4) and the lifting block (3) enable the upper surface of the hydrofoil model to be close to the false bottom device as much as possible, and the distance between the upper surface of the hydrofoil model and the false bottom plate (20) is controlled within 5 mm.
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| CN202210066882.6A CN114475958B (en) | 2022-01-20 | 2022-01-20 | Open water performance test device for hydrofoil model |
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| CN202210066882.6A CN114475958B (en) | 2022-01-20 | 2022-01-20 | Open water performance test device for hydrofoil model |
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| CN114475958B true CN114475958B (en) | 2023-01-03 |
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