CN114472475B - Method for preparing molten glass body by utilizing complementarity of two fly ash components - Google Patents
Method for preparing molten glass body by utilizing complementarity of two fly ash components Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 132
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 210000004127 vitreous body Anatomy 0.000 claims description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 7
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 12
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 5
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000011278 co-treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002796 Si–Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008351 acetate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004626 scanning electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012932 thermodynamic analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing a molten glass body by utilizing the complementarity of two fly ash components, which comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing fire grate fly ash and fluidized bed fly ash, and then placing the mixture into a crucible; placing the crucible into a muffle furnace, setting the temperature, and preserving heat for a certain time after the temperature is programmed to a certain temperature; closing an air inlet valve and opening an air outlet valve in the heat preservation process, and keeping the reducing atmosphere in the furnace; and after the heat preservation is finished, immediately taking out the crucible from the muffle furnace, and breaking the crucible after the crucible is naturally cooled, and taking out the glass body. The glass body is prepared by utilizing two dangerous wastes, the operation steps are simpler, the economic cost is low, the melting temperature is reduced (the energy consumption is reduced), the prepared glass body is high in stability and safety (such as good heavy metal fixing effect and low leaching toxicity), the application prospect is good, the cooperative treatment of the two fly ash (dangerous wastes) is realized, and in addition, the recovery of metal can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection and comprehensive utilization of resources, in particular to a method for preparing molten glass by utilizing the complementarity of two fly ash components.
Background
The proportion of incineration disposal of urban household garbage in China is continuously increasing, 54 percent (more than 50 percent) is reached at present, the production amount of incineration fly ash is gradually increased, and the disposal of the incineration fly ash is also facing a great challenge due to the characteristics of high chlorine and high alkali characteristics, high water-soluble salt content, enrichment of heavy metals and dioxin substances and the like.
The fly ash treatment technology includes solidification/stabilization landfill, high temperature sintering, cement kiln co-treatment, plasma melting, high temperature melting and other technologies. For landfills, fly ash is typically cured with cement or stabilizers and then landfilled. At present, about 80% of the fly ash treatment in the whole country adopts the method, but the problems of volume expansion, large occupation of land resources, stability, incapability of recovering valuable metals and the like caused by cement solidification need to be further explored, and the application of landfill technology is gradually reduced in the future. In the sintering technique, fly ash is mixed with clay, flux, or the like, and then partially melted at a high temperature, and cooled to produce a sintered product. The technology has the advantages that part of heavy metals and soluble salts can be recycled in the whole process, ceramsite, sintered bricks, lightweight aggregate and the like are prepared, however, volatile metals enter smoke in the high-temperature process, and the treatment difficulty of tail gas is increased. The cement kiln co-treatment technology uses fly ash as cement raw material, and the heavy metal of fly ash is fixed on cement clinker, and simultaneously dioxin is thoroughly decomposed. Not only saves the use of cement raw materials, but also reduces the environmental risk of dioxin. Although the attention of the technology is continuously improved in recent years, a plurality of cement kiln co-treatment fly ash projects are continuously developed all over the country, and the problems that the cement kiln is blocked, the heavy metal stability of cement products is to be further determined and the like are easily caused by salt, sulfur and chlorine elements, so that the large-scale application of the technology is required to be subjected to a large number of practices and inspection. The plasma melting technology is to melt the fly ash by high-temperature plasma and then cool the fly ash to form glass slag, so that dioxin and furan are effectively degraded, the volume of the slag is reduced to one third of the original volume, the leaching characteristics of the formed slag are obviously improved, and the formed slag has high stability and safety. Although the technology has obvious treatment effect and obvious advantage, the problem of high energy consumption is always an important factor limiting wide use.
The high-temperature melting technology is a fly ash treatment technology with detoxification and resource utilization, and the fly ash crystals are rearranged, melted and crystallized by high-temperature heating, and cooled to form compact and stable glass bodies. The technology has been attracting attention more and more, not only has completed the detoxification of heavy metal, but also has realized the volume reduction, the recycling, the innocuous of fly ash with stable vitreous body as building, roadbed material etc..
However, the high-temperature melting is usually carried out by adopting high temperature of more than 1400 ℃, the reaction time is long, the energy consumption is high, and the problems of increasing the disposal amount of dangerous waste, environmental risk and the like are solved by mixing the general industrial solid waste and the dangerous waste. In summary, the current method for preparing glass body by melting fly ash has the following 3 problems:
(1) The reaction temperature is too high, and the energy consumption is high
(2) Poor vitreous stability, environmental risk
(3) The value of the resource product is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.
To this end, a first object of the present invention is to propose a method for preparing a molten glass body using complementarity of two fly ash components, comprising the following processes:
uniformly mixing fire grate fly ash and fluidized bed fly ash, and then placing the mixture into a crucible;
placing the crucible into a muffle furnace, setting the temperature, and preserving heat for a certain time after the temperature is programmed to a certain temperature;
in the heat preservation process, the air inlet valve is closed, the air outlet valve is opened, the reducing atmosphere is kept in the furnace, and reduction of Fe oxide and the like is facilitated, namely, the ferrophilic heavy metal enters the iron phase to form an alloy with iron, is enriched in the form of an iron alloy product, and is recovered by utilizing the magnetic magnet of the product in a mode of being crushed into powder.
And after the heat preservation is finished, immediately taking out the crucible from the muffle furnace, knocking the crucible after the crucible is naturally cooled, taking out the vitreous body, crushing the vitreous body into powder capable of passing through a 50-mesh sieve by using a crusher, recycling and weighing by using a magnet, and observing element distribution by using a scanning electronic probe.
The invention utilizes the component complementarity of the fire grate fly ash and the fluidized bed fly ash, not only forms a Ca-Si-Al material glass body with good stability under the high-temperature melting condition, but also reduces the melting temperature, reduces the energy consumption and effectively realizes the common harmlessness and recycling of two dangerous wastes. The fly ash has the characteristics of high content of Ca (about 31.26% -45.29%), si (about 1.21% -1.56%), al (about 0.173% -0.842%), and Cl (about 17% -20%). The fluidized bed fly ash is produced by a circulating fluidized bed garbage incineration treatment system, the production amount is 10-15% of the incineration amount, the relative contents of Fe, al and Si are high, ca (about 25.94% -34.42%), si (about 5.23% -12.67%), al (about 3.97% -8.95%), and Cl (about 3.2% -8.32%). The glass body is prepared by utilizing two kinds of dangerous wastes, the operation steps are simpler, the economic cost is low, the melting temperature is reduced (the energy consumption is reduced), the prepared glass body is good in stability and safety (such as good heavy metal fixing effect and low leaching toxicity), the application prospect is good, the cooperative treatment of the two kinds of fly ash (dangerous wastes) is realized, and in addition, the recovery of metal can be realized.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the furnace fly ash to the fluidized bed fly ash is 1:9-3:2, and CaO-Al is prepared according to thermodynamic analysis 2 O 3 -SiO 2 The more the mass ratio of the three components is balanced, the lower the melting point is, and the easier the glass body is produced. The fire grate fly ash is a high-calcium low-silicon low-aluminum system, the fluidized bed fly ash is a relatively low-calcium high-silicon high-aluminum system, and CaO and Al in the mixed fly ash system are regulated and controlled by regulating and controlling the mass ratio of the two fly ash 2 O 3 、SiO 2 The quality of the three materials is more balanced, so that the glass body is produced.
Preferably, the fire grate fly ash is the fly ash generated by a mechanical incinerator, the fluidized bed fly ash is the fly ash generated by the fluidized bed incinerator, and the glass is prepared by melting the fly ash containing the hazardous waste in the step 2, so that the recycling of the waste can be realized, and the recycling treatment of the hazardous waste can be realized.
Preferably, the content ratio of Ca element in the furnace fly ash and the fluidized bed fly ash is 0.12-1.6.
Preferably, the content ratio of Si element in the furnace fly ash and the fluidized bed fly ash is 0.03-0.43.
Preferably, the content ratio of Al element in the furnace fly ash and the fluidized bed fly ash is 0.02-0.29.
Preferably, the specific process of mixing the fire grate fly ash and the fluidized bed fly ash is as follows: and placing the fire grate fly ash and the fluidized bed fly ash into a vortex oscillator to oscillate for 10-15min by using a grid sampling method, wherein the components of the fly ash are complex, and the obtained sample components can be ensured to be uniform by using the grid sampling method, so that the sample components are representative.
Preferably, the crucible is a graphite crucible, a crucible cover is required to be covered after fly ash is added into the crucible, volatilization of heavy metals and other elements in a high temperature process is prevented, and the main component of the corundum crucible is Al 2 O 3 Can be co-melted with a fly ash system, is not suitable for alkaline substances such as fly ashAnd the reaction of the above may affect the formation of the product. The main components of the graphite crucible are graphite, silicon carbide, silica, refractory clay and the like, and the graphite crucible does not react with a fly ash system, so that the melting reaction is not affected. However, since the graphite crucible contains graphite, carbon elements are provided, in order to not provide additional reduced carbon in a fly ash reduction system and interfere with the original reaction, the temperature of the graphite crucible is raised and kept at 1000 ℃ for one hour before the fly ash experiment, the carbon in the graphite crucible is volatilized by combustion, and then the carbon-free graphite crucible is used for the fly ash melting experiment.
Preferably, the temperature programming process of the muffle furnace is as follows: heating from 25 ℃ to 1300 ℃, wherein the heating time is 1.5h, and the heating rate is 12-20 ℃/min.
Preferably, the temperature of the incubation is 1300 ℃ and the incubation time is 2.5 hours.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for producing a molten glass body utilizing complementarity of two fly ash components in example 1 according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a chart showing XRD analysis tests of the products prepared in examples 1 to 6 of the present invention and comparative example 1;
FIG. 3 is an SEM image of the material of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an SEM image of the material of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an SEM image of the material of example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an SEM image of the material of comparative example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an SEM image of the material of comparative example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is the morphology of the product samples obtained in examples 1-6 and comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In order to achieve recovery of fly ash and preparation of glass bodies, the present application utilizes complementarity of two fly ash components to prepare molten glass bodies, as specifically described in the examples below.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1, a method for preparing a molten glass body using complementarity of two fly ash components, comprising the steps of:
step 1: taking fire grate fly ash generated by a mechanical incinerator and fluidized bed fly ash generated by a fluidized bed incinerator by a grid sampling method, wherein the mass ratio of Ca elements in the fire grate fly ash to the fluidized bed fly ash is 0.12-1.6, the mass ratio of Si elements in the fire grate fly ash to the fluidized bed fly ash is 0.03-0.43, the mass ratio of Al elements in the fire grate fly ash to the fluidized bed fly ash is 0.02-0.29, and then placing the fire grate fly ash to the fluidized bed fly ash in a vortex oscillator according to the mass ratio of 1:9, vibrating for 10min, uniformly mixing, and placing the mixture into a graphite crucible, wherein the graphite crucible is required to be covered with a crucible cover to prevent volatilization of heavy metals and other elements in a high-temperature process;
step 2: placing the graphite crucible into a muffle furnace, setting the temperature, heating the crucible from 25 ℃ to 1300 ℃ in a programmed manner, wherein the heating time is 1.5h, the heating rate is 12-20 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 2.5h after heating the crucible to 1300 ℃;
step 3: closing an air inlet valve and opening an air outlet valve in the heat preservation process, and keeping the air in a reducing atmosphere without introducing air, so that reduction of Fe oxide and the like is facilitated;
step 4: immediately taking out the crucible after the heat preservation at 1300 ℃, naturally cooling in a stable room temperature environment, breaking the crucible, taking out the vitreous body, crushing the vitreous body into powder capable of passing through a 50-mesh sieve by using a crusher, recycling and weighing by using a magnet, and observing element distribution by using a scanning electronic probe.
Example 2:
a method for preparing a molten glass body by utilizing the complementation of two fly ash components comprises the following steps of preparing the molten glass body in the same process as in the example 1, wherein the mass ratio of the fire grate fly ash to the fluidized bed fly ash is 1:4.
Example 3:
a method for preparing a molten glass body by utilizing the complementarity of two fly ash components, the specific preparation process is the same as that of example 1, but the mass ratio of the fire grate fly ash to the fluidized bed fly ash is 3:7.
Example 4:
a method for preparing a molten glass body by utilizing the complementarity of two fly ash components, the specific preparation process is the same as that of example 1, but the mass ratio of the fire grate fly ash to the fluidized bed fly ash is 2:3.
Example 5:
a method for preparing molten glass by utilizing the complementation of two fly ash components comprises the following steps of preparing the molten glass in the same process as in the example 1, wherein the mass ratio of the fire grate fly ash to the fluidized bed fly ash is 1:1.
Example 6:
a method for preparing a molten glass body by utilizing the complementarity of two fly ash components, the specific preparation process is the same as that of example 1, but the mass ratio of the fire grate fly ash to the fluidized bed fly ash is 3:2.
Comparative example 1:
a method for preparing a molten glass body by utilizing the complementarity of two fly ash components, the specific preparation process is the same as that of example 1, but the mass ratio of the fire grate fly ash to the fluidized bed fly ash is 7:3.
XRD analysis tests were performed on the products prepared in examples 1 to 6 and comparative example 1 described above, and specific test results are shown in Table 1 and FIG. 2.
TABLE 1 XRD analysis of the products prepared in examples 1-6 and comparative example 1 test results
Watch with a watch1 and FIG. 2 show that when the mass ratio of the furnace fly ash to the fluidized bed fly ash reaches 7:3, no glass body is produced, and thus it is known that the mass ratio of the furnace fly ash to the fluidized bed fly ash has a great influence on the production of glass bodies because CaO-Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 The more the mass ratio of the three components is balanced, the lower the melting point is, and the easier the glass body is produced. The fire grate fly ash is a high-calcium low-silicon low-aluminum system, the fluidized bed fly ash is a relatively low-calcium high-silicon high-aluminum system, and CaO and Al in the mixed fly ash system are regulated and controlled by regulating and controlling the consumption of the two fly ash 2 O 3 、SiO 2 The quality of the three materials is more balanced, so that the glass body is produced.
As can be seen from fig. 3 to 7, SEM analysis was performed on the products prepared in example 1, example 4 and comparative example 1, when the mass ratio of the furnace fly ash to the fluidized bed fly ash was 1:9 and 2:3, glass was formed, and when the mass ratio of the furnace fly ash to the fluidized bed fly ash was 7:3, glass was not formed, the metal formed was FeS, and no elemental metal was formed.
In addition, the melting experiment is directly carried out by singly adopting the fly ash of the grate furnace, and the temperature for generating the glass body is generally required to reach over 1600 ℃.
The glass materials prepared in the above examples and comparative examples were measured for leaching toxicity, and specific measurement results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 toxicity Leaching results of glass materials (mg/L)
As is clear from Table 2, the obtained vitreous material was subjected to toxic leaching according to the technical requirements for vitrification treatment of solid wastes (GB/T41015-2021). As can be seen from the table, the leaching toxicity of the HJ/T300-2007 acetate buffer method meets the field landfill toxicity limit requirements specified in the domestic waste landfill pollution control standard (GB 16889-2007) if the vitreous body is treated as a general solid waste. Meanwhile, if the glass body is used as a building material or a sand blasting raw material, the glass body still meets the requirements of Cu, ni, cr, pb, zn, cd, as heavy metals in the requirements of class III groundwater index limit (GB/T14848). The leaching toxicity of the vitreous body formed by the fluidized bed fly ash and the non-vitreous body product (the mass ratio is 7:3) is basically slightly higher than that of the vitreous body product (the mass ratio is 1:4, 3:7 and 3:2), which indicates that the two fused vitreous bodies produced by the fly ash with complementary characteristics have good heavy metal fixing effect and environmental stability, and are beneficial to further exploring the environment and the application in materials.
In addition, the morphology of the product samples obtained in examples 1 to 6 and comparative example 1 is shown in FIG. 8, and it can be seen from the graph that glass bodies are produced at a mass ratio of the furnace fly ash to the fluidized bed fly ash of 1:9 to 3:2 at a high temperature of 1300℃and that glass bodies are not produced at a mass ratio of 7:3 to 9:1. The glass body has smooth and glossy surface, compact structure and hard texture, and can effectively fix heavy metals and be used as a substitute material for building materials. However, the sample not formed with the glass body is fluffy and porous, and has a crisp texture, and is difficult to recycle.
In the description of this specification, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "up" or "down" a second feature may be the first and second features in direct contact, or the first and second features in indirect contact via an intervening medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature may be a first feature being directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is level higher than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature may be the first feature being directly under or obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is less level than the second feature.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the invention, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for preparing a molten glass body by utilizing the complementarity of two fly ash components, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
uniformly mixing fire grate fly ash and fluidized bed fly ash according to the mass ratio of 1:9-3:2, and then placing the mixture into a crucible, wherein the fire grate fly ash is a high-calcium low-silicon low-aluminum system, the fluidized bed fly ash is a relatively low-calcium high-silicon high-aluminum system, and CaO and Al in the mixed fly ash system are regulated and controlled by regulating and controlling the mass ratio of the two fly ash 2 O 3 、SiO 2 The quality of the three materials is more balanced, so that a glass body is generated, the fly ash of the grate furnace is the fly ash generated by the mechanical incinerator, and the fly ash of the fluidized bed is the fly ash generated by the fluidized bed incinerator;
placing the crucible into a muffle furnace, setting the temperature, and preserving heat for 2.5 hours after the temperature is raised to 1300 ℃, wherein the temperature programming process of the muffle furnace is as follows: heating from 25 ℃ to 1300 ℃, wherein the heating time is 1.5h, and the heating rate is 12-20 ℃/min;
closing an air inlet valve and opening an air outlet valve in the heat preservation process, and keeping a reducing atmosphere in the furnace to enable the iron-philic heavy metal to enter an iron phase to form an alloy with iron, so that the iron alloy is enriched in the form of an iron alloy product;
and after the heat preservation is finished, immediately taking out the crucible from the muffle furnace, cooling, breaking the crucible, taking out the vitreous body, crushing the vitreous body into powder capable of passing through a 50-mesh sieve by using a crusher, and recycling and weighing by using a magnet, wherein the cooling mode is natural cooling.
2. The method for producing a molten glass body using complementarity of two kinds of fly ash components according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the content of Ca element in the furnace fly ash to the content of Ca element in the fluidized bed fly ash is 1.6.
3. The method for producing a molten glass body using complementarity of two fly ash components according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the content of Si element in the furnace fly ash to the content of Si element in the fluidized bed fly ash is 0.03 to 0.43.
4. The method for producing a molten glass body using complementarity of two fly ash components according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the content of Al element in the furnace fly ash to the content of Al element in the fluidized bed fly ash is 0.02 to 0.29.
5. The method for preparing a molten glass body using complementarity of two components of fly ash according to claim 1, wherein the specific process of mixing the furnace fly ash and the fluidized bed fly ash is: and (3) placing the fire grate fly ash and the fluidized bed fly ash into a vortex oscillator to oscillate for 10-15min by using a lattice sampling method.
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| CN101088581A (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2007-12-19 | 丁家亮 | Poisonous waste treating method and special apparatus |
| CN108689601A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-10-23 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | A method of preparing vitrified product using dedusting ash of stainless steel |
| CN208170392U (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-11-30 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Waste melting furnace |
| CN109734307A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-05-10 | 中南大学 | A kind of method of incineration of refuse flyash low energy consumption melting and efficient curing heavy metal |
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| CN101088581A (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2007-12-19 | 丁家亮 | Poisonous waste treating method and special apparatus |
| CN208170392U (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-11-30 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Waste melting furnace |
| CN108689601A (en) * | 2018-07-23 | 2018-10-23 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | A method of preparing vitrified product using dedusting ash of stainless steel |
| CN109734307A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-05-10 | 中南大学 | A kind of method of incineration of refuse flyash low energy consumption melting and efficient curing heavy metal |
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