CN114471534A - Preparation method and application of carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material - Google Patents

Preparation method and application of carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material Download PDF

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CN114471534A
CN114471534A CN202210092915.4A CN202210092915A CN114471534A CN 114471534 A CN114471534 A CN 114471534A CN 202210092915 A CN202210092915 A CN 202210092915A CN 114471534 A CN114471534 A CN 114471534A
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manganese oxide
carbon
carbon fabric
fabric
composite material
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CN114471534B (en
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王金龙
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Central China Normal University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • B01J23/32—Manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • B01J23/34—Manganese
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
    • B01D53/326—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00 in electrochemical cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/66—Ozone
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8671—Removing components of defined structure not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8668
    • B01D53/8675—Ozone
    • B01J35/33—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/80—Type of catalytic reaction
    • B01D2255/806—Electrocatalytic

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material, and belongs to the technical field of chemical catalytic decomposition. Manganese oxide is loaded on one surface of the carbon fabric substrate in a microwave heating reaction mode, small nano particles are randomly dispersed on the surface, the surface is modified into a hydrophilic surface, and the carbon fabric substrate with two surfaces having different hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity is constructed, so that liquid can be enabled to wet the carbon fabric from the hydrophilic surface through capillary action and cannot run off through the hydrophobic surface. The material is used as an electrode by combining the good conductivity of the carbon fabric substrate and the catalytic oxidation performance of the manganese oxide, and the electrolyte is added between the two electrodes, so that the unique structure can not only effectively prevent the loss of the electrolyte and form a stable electrolytic cell, but also generate a gas-solid-liquid three-phase reaction interface and realize the efficient degradation of ozone. The preparation method is simple, has low cost, and does not introduce other pollutants.

Description

Preparation method and application of carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical catalytic decomposition, and particularly relates to a preparation method and application of a carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material.
Background
Increasingly severe ground ozone (O)3) Pollution is seriously threatening the health of humans and the ecosystem. Numerous epidemiological studies have demonstrated the relationship between mortality promotion and exposure to ozone. For example, cancer prevention studies by the american cancer society concluded that for every 10ppb increase in ozone concentration, respiratory mortality increases by 4%. Ground ozone is mainly generated by volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides in sunlightAtmospheric photochemical reactions occur outdoors, and outdoor ozone can enter the indoor environment by ventilation, permeation, and the like. Since people are in the room about 87% of the time, indoor ozone exposure accounts for 76% of total daily exposure. Therefore, reducing indoor concentrations is an effective strategy to reduce premature death from total ozone exposure, which can be accomplished by filtering ozone from outdoor air through a ventilation system.
When the traditional two-phase ozonolysis technology is used for treating moisture, because water and ozone molecules have similar Lewis basic structures, the water and the ozone molecules can generate competitive adsorption at an oxygen vacancy position, and the decomposition efficiency is greatly reduced. The current more effective way to solve this problem is to develop new catalysts, but the synthesis and precise modification of the catalyst requires substantial costs, which limits its widespread use. Therefore, the method for degrading ozone at room temperature, which is disclosed by the invention, has the advantages of mild reaction conditions, high efficiency, good stability and low cost, and has important practical value for effectively removing ozone in indoor air.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method and application of a carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material aiming at the defects in the prior art, the composite air purification material is prepared by taking carbon fabrics with good conductivity and adsorption performance such as carbon cloth and carbon fiber as base materials, the degradation efficiency of the existing ozone degradation technology at room temperature is improved, the application range is expanded, and the ozone degradation technology at room temperature meets the characteristics of mild condition, high efficiency, good stability, wide application range and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material takes a carbon-based fabric as a base material and is loaded with manganese oxide, wherein the manganese oxide loading amount is 0.05-0.1% of the mass of the carbon-based fabric.
Further, the carbon-based fabric is a hydrophobic carbon cloth, carbon paper or carbon fiber and other carbon-based materials.
Further, the manganese oxide is a water-soluble permanganate.
A preparation method of a carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material comprises the following steps:
dissolving permanganate in water to obtain a manganese-containing solution; adjusting the pH value to 1 to make the solution acidic, which is beneficial to the loading of manganese oxide; and putting the carbon-based fabric into the solution, enabling the carbon-based fabric to float on the surface of the solution, heating at a constant temperature, taking out the carbon-based fabric, cleaning and drying to obtain the carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material.
Further, the mass volume ratio of the manganese oxide to water is 1 g: (10-200) mL.
Further, the heating temperature is 50-90 ℃ and the time is 0.5-2 h. Preferably 80 ℃ for 0.5 h.
Further, the drying temperature is 25-105 ℃.
An application of a carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material as an ozone degradation material.
The composite material prepared by the invention is prepared by loading manganese oxide on carbon fiber fabric, increasing oxygen-containing groups and surface defects on the surface of the carbon fiber, enhancing the adsorption of a base material and modifying a hydrophobic surface into a hydrophilic surface. Manganese oxide is loaded on a base material in a microwave heating reaction mode, a conductive material is compounded with an active catalyst to construct a three-phase electrochemical system, and rapid enrichment and efficient degradation of ozone are realized. The constructed three-phase electro-catalysis system can provide a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction interface, which completely changes the decomposition mechanism of ozone and solves the defect that the traditional two-phase catalysis technology is influenced by moisture. Meanwhile, the operation method is simple, the cost is low, and other pollutants are not introduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention utilizes the good conductivity of the carbon fabric to enable the composite material to be used as an electrode of an electrolytic cell, and then modifies one surface of the hydrophobic carbon cloth into hydrophilic to construct a three-phase electrochemical system, and simultaneously combines the good catalytic oxidation performance of manganese oxide, thereby being beneficial to the high-efficiency implementation of the ozone catalytic oxidation reaction. The method overcomes the defect that the traditional two-phase catalysis technology is influenced by moisture, and opens up a new way for room-temperature ozone degradation.
2. The manganese oxide is loaded on the base material by adopting a microwave heating mode, the preparation process is simple, the cost is low, and the large-scale production is easy.
3. The composite purifying material has good flexibility, is convenient to be made into various shapes, and is suitable for air purification treatment in various forms.
4. The composite purifying material can decompose ozone at room temperature, has low purifying cost and can continuously act for a long time.
5. The ozone degradation efficiency of the three-phase electro-catalysis system constructed by the composite purifying material is about 47.6 times that of the traditional two-phase catalysis system.
6. The ozone degradation efficiency of the three-phase electro-catalysis system constructed by the composite purifying material is about 1.4 times that of the three-phase electro-catalysis system without the composite purifying material.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a graph of an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (IDX) spectrum of a carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material prepared in example 1 of the present invention; the left image is an SEM appearance observation image of the prepared composite material, and the right image is an energy dispersion X-ray spectrogram of the composite material;
FIG. 2 (a) is a surface photograph of hydrophobic surface field emission scanning electron microscope of the carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material prepared in example 1 of the present invention; (b) the contact angle of the hydrophilic surface of the carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention is shown; (c) is the hydrophobic surface contact angle of the carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention; (d) a surface photograph of a hydrophilic surface field emission scanning electron microscope of the carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material prepared in the embodiment 1 of the invention; (e) a macroscopic view of a three-phase electrochemical system constructed using the carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material prepared in example 1; (f) a microscopic schematic of a three-phase electrochemical system constructed using the carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material prepared in example 1;
fig. 3 (a) is an ozone degradation experimental result of a three-phase electrochemical system constructed using the carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite materials prepared in examples 1 to 4; (b) the results of the ozone degradation experiments for the three-phase electrochemical system constructed using the carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite materials prepared in examples 1, 5 and 6.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference herein for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The specification and examples are exemplary only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
The preparation method of the carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving permanganate in water, fully stirring to form an acidic permanganate solution, and adjusting the pH value to 1;
(2) adding a carbon fabric substrate to float on the solution;
(3) putting the solution obtained in the step (2) into a microwave reactor, and heating at the constant temperature of 80 ℃ for 0.5 h;
(4) and taking out the base material, cleaning and drying to obtain a finished product of the composite material.
The permanganate is water-soluble permanganate; the carbon fabric substrate is carbon-based materials such as hydrophobic carbon cloth and carbon fiber; the mass-volume ratio of the permanganate to the water is 1 g: (10-200) mL; the microwave reaction temperature is 50-90 ℃; the reaction time is 0.5-2 h; the drying temperature was room temperature-105 ℃.
The room temperature means 25 ℃.
All chemicals used in the present invention were analytically pure.
Example 1
1g of potassium permanganate (KMnO) is stirred vigorously4) Dissolved in deionized water (150ml) for 20min to form 42.2mM KMnO4And (4) adjusting the pH to 1. Then, a piece of hydrophobic carbon cloth (about 0.25g, taiwan carbon technologies ltd.) having a size of 7 × 7cm was put into the prepared solution to float on the solution, and one side was contacted with the solution, and the reaction temperature was maintained at 80 ℃ for 0.5 h. Finally, the carbon cloth was removed and washed three times with deionized water to remove residual KMnO4And drying at 105 ℃ to obtain the carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material.
At this time, the manganese oxide is coated on the surface of the base material, and the composite material is marked as MnO2CC, with MnO2-CC construction of a three-phase electrochemical systemThe system is set to be 4V voltage, and the electrolyte is 1M HNO3The thickness of the solution and the ozone gas chamber is 10 mm. (the thickness is the thickness of the gas chamber in the reaction apparatus, and can be said to be height)
FIG. 1 is an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy chart of the carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material prepared in this example, from which it can be seen that in MnO2In the plot of-CC samples, it can be confirmed that the loading mass of Mn atoms is between 0.05-0.1%, indicating that manganese ions have been successfully loaded onto the carbon fabric substrate, and excessive interference of manganese ions is also avoided.
Fig. 2a is a surface photograph of the hydrophobic surface field emission scanning electron microscope of the carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material prepared in this example, which shows that the carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material has an ordered texture structure and is composed of carbon fiber bundles with a diameter of 10 μm.
Fig. 2b shows the contact angle of the hydrophilic surface of the carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material prepared in the embodiment, which is 22.21 °. The successful modification of the hydrophobic carbon cloth is confirmed.
Fig. 2c shows the hydrophobic surface contact angle of 139.56 ° for the carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material prepared in this example. Further proves the success of the modification of the hydrophobic carbon cloth.
Fig. 2d is a surface photograph of the hydrophilic surface of the carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material prepared in this embodiment with a field emission scanning electron microscope, and it can be observed that small nanoparticles are randomly dispersed on the surface, which proves that manganese ions are successfully loaded on the carbon fabric.
Fig. 2e is a macroscopic view of a three-phase electrochemical system constructed using the carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material prepared in this example, and it can be seen that the modified carbon fabric is used as an electrode, in which an electrolyte is sandwiched, a hydrophilic surface is in contact with the electrolyte, and a hydrophobic surface is in contact with ozone.
FIG. 2f is a schematic microscopic view of a three-phase electrochemical system constructed using the carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material prepared in this example; as can be seen from the figure, this system allows the reaction to occur at the edge of the liquid phase, thus addressing the negative effects of moisture in the gas phase.
Example 2
In the same manner as in the example 1,with the difference that the electrolyte is 2M HNO3And (3) solution.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is that the electrolyte is 0.1M HNO3And (3) solution.
Example 4
The difference from example 1 is that the electrolyte was 0.01M HNO3And (3) solution.
Example 5
The difference from example 1 is that the ozone cell thickness is 15 mm.
Example 6
The difference from example 1 is that the ozone cell thickness is 20 mm.
Fig. 3 (a) shows the results of the ozone degradation experiment of the three-phase electrochemical system constructed by the carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material prepared in examples 1 to 4 of the present invention. It can be clearly seen that the ozone removal rate is 98.2% for electrolyte concentrations of 2M and 1M, 45.3% for 0.1M, and only 1.2% for 0.01M, which indicates that the ozone decomposition rate increases with the increase in electrolyte concentration in the system within a certain range.
Fig. 3 (b) shows the results of the ozone degradation experiment of the three-phase electrochemical system constructed using the carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite materials prepared in examples 1, 5 and 6. As shown in the figure, the ozone concentration of three reaction systems with different air chamber thicknesses is greatly reduced in about 50min, the removal rate of a 10mm air chamber is up to 70%, the removal rate of a 15mm air chamber is 45%, and the removal rate of a 10mm air chamber is only 10%. It can be seen that the thickness of the ozone chamber has a certain influence on the ozone decomposition efficiency, the ozone supply shortage in the thick ozone chamber can slow down the ozone decomposition, and the thin gas layer is beneficial to the gas diffusion.
Example 7
The difference from example 1 is that the mass to volume ratio of permanganate to water is 1 g: 10 mL. The ozone removal rate of a three-phase catalytic system constructed by the obtained composite material is 98.0%.
Example 8
The difference from example 1 is that the mass to volume ratio of permanganate to water is 1 g: 200 mL. The ozone removal rate of a three-phase catalytic system constructed by the obtained composite material is 97.8%.
Example 9
The difference from example 1 is that the microwave reaction temperature is 50 ℃; the reaction time was 2 h. The ozone removal rate of a three-phase catalytic system constructed by the obtained composite material is 97.9%.
Example 10
The difference from example 1 is that the microwave reaction temperature is 90 ℃; the reaction time was 0.5 h. The ozone removal rate of a three-phase catalytic system constructed by the obtained composite material is 98.1%.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that no electrolyte is used, the method belongs to the traditional two-phase catalytic technology, and the ozone decomposition rate is reduced because the water possibly occupies active sites, and experiments show that the ozone removal rate of the traditional two-phase catalytic technology is only 2.1%, while the ozone removal rate of the three-phase catalytic system provided by the invention is as high as 98.3%, which is about 47.6 times of that of the traditional two-phase catalytic technology, and the degradation efficiency is remarkably improved.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that, in the three-phase catalytic system formed by using the ordinary carbon cloth which is not treated in example 1, the ozone removal rate is only 69.1% due to insufficient contact of gas-liquid interfaces because the surface of the carbon cloth is not subjected to hydrophilic modification treatment, and the ozone removal rate of the three-phase catalytic system provided by the invention is as high as 98.3%, which is about 1.4 times of that of the former, and the degradation efficiency is better than that of the former. The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (8)

1. The carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material is characterized in that a carbon-based fabric is used as a base material and loaded with manganese oxide, wherein the loading amount of the manganese oxide is 0.05-0.1% of the mass of the carbon-based fabric.
2. The carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite according to claim 1, wherein said carbon-based fabric is hydrophobic carbon cloth, carbon paper or carbon fiber
3. The carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite of claim 1, wherein the manganese oxide is a water-soluble permanganate.
4. A method of making a carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
dissolving manganese oxide in water to obtain a manganese-containing solution, and adjusting the pH value to 1; and putting the carbon-based fabric into the solution, enabling the carbon-based fabric to float on the surface of the solution, heating at a constant temperature, taking out the carbon-based fabric, cleaning and drying to obtain the carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the mass-to-volume ratio of the manganese oxide to water is 1 g: (10-200) mL.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the heating temperature is 50 to 90 ℃ and the time is 0.5 to 2 hours.
7. The method of claim 4, wherein the drying temperature is 25-105 ℃.
8. Use of a carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3 as an ozone degrading material.
CN202210092915.4A 2022-01-26 2022-01-26 Preparation method and application of carbon fabric/manganese oxide composite material Active CN114471534B (en)

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Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103318990A (en) * 2013-07-04 2013-09-25 哈尔滨工业大学 Method for removing organic pollutants in water through electrochemical cathode catalytic ozonation
CN103754990A (en) * 2013-12-19 2014-04-30 天津工业大学 Bipolar three-dimension electrode coupling treatment device for treatment of non-biodegradable organic wastewater
CN108557893A (en) * 2018-03-02 2018-09-21 武汉理工大学 A kind of ultra-thin manganese dioxide nano-plates and its preparation method and application
CN108554402A (en) * 2018-04-04 2018-09-21 清华大学 Manganese dioxide/carbon cloth composite material and preparation method and application and air cleaning unit
US20210001310A1 (en) * 2018-03-22 2021-01-07 Tsinghua University Method for making catalyst for ozone decomposition

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103318990A (en) * 2013-07-04 2013-09-25 哈尔滨工业大学 Method for removing organic pollutants in water through electrochemical cathode catalytic ozonation
CN103754990A (en) * 2013-12-19 2014-04-30 天津工业大学 Bipolar three-dimension electrode coupling treatment device for treatment of non-biodegradable organic wastewater
CN108557893A (en) * 2018-03-02 2018-09-21 武汉理工大学 A kind of ultra-thin manganese dioxide nano-plates and its preparation method and application
US20210001310A1 (en) * 2018-03-22 2021-01-07 Tsinghua University Method for making catalyst for ozone decomposition
CN108554402A (en) * 2018-04-04 2018-09-21 清华大学 Manganese dioxide/carbon cloth composite material and preparation method and application and air cleaning unit

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