CN114471478A - Chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
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Abstract
The invention discloses a chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of synthesis of natural high polymer materials. Adding chitosan powder into a soluble sodium humate aqueous solution, uniformly stirring, and adding acetic acid to obtain an aqueous solution system; adding span 80 into cyclohexane, and uniformly stirring to obtain an organic system; adding an organic system and a water system into a container in sequence, and stirring to disperse the water system into liquid beads in the organic system; heating an organic system and a water system, and dropwise adding a uniform crosslinking system consisting of glutaraldehyde, cyclohexane and ethanol into the organic system and the water system; adding polyacrylic acid solution, solidifying the liquid beads in the solution into small balls, and activating the small balls in acid and alkali to obtain the adsorbent. The adsorbent can be used for adsorbing positive charge and negative charge adsorbates and dye and heavy metal, and can be used for selectively adsorbing heavy metal and dye by adjusting the pH value of the wastewater to realize heavy metal recovery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of synthesis of natural high polymer materials, and particularly relates to a chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent as well as a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the acceleration of the industrialization process, the crisis of water pollution is seriously threatening the safety of human beings and the environment, and the water pollution treatment is not slow at all. The most common pollutants in the water body are dyes and heavy metals, and besides being difficult to degrade and having biotoxicity, the strong absorption of the dyes on light can also influence the photosynthesis of plankton in the water body, so that the ecological system of the water body is damaged; heavy metal elements are high in toxicity and difficult to degrade, can directly act on human bodies through drinking water and domestic water in water bodies, and can be accumulated in the bodies of aquatic animals and plants by being pressed down to enter food chains to cause greater harm.
In order to control the harm of water pollution to the environment and human beings, the development of various water pollution control technologies including coagulation, catalytic oxidation, biotechnology, adsorption and the like is also perfected. The adsorption technology has the advantages of thorough treatment, low residual concentration of pollutants, high treatment speed and the like, and is the most practical method for deeply treating the pollutants in the wastewater at present. The toxic and non-degradable pollutants in the water body, including heavy metals, dyes and the like, can be thoroughly treated by adopting an adsorption method. Thus, the development and research of the adsorbent have important significance under the current situation. Common adsorbents comprise activated carbon, ion exchange resin, silica gel and the like, and have the problems of high cost, difficult degradation, easy generation of secondary pollution and the like, so the development of novel natural polymer adsorbents is an important subject of research in recent years, and the adsorbents require low natural cost of raw materials, high adsorption efficiency and no secondary pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent. The invention aims to solve another technical problem of providing a preparation method of the chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent. The invention also aims to solve the technical problem of providing the application of the chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent in high-efficiency adsorption of heavy metal ions and pollutant dyes.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the preparation method of the chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent comprises the following steps:
(1) adding chitosan powder into a soluble sodium humate aqueous solution, magnetically stirring to uniformly disperse the chitosan powder, then adding acetic acid, and stirring to completely dissolve the chitosan powder to obtain an aqueous solution system;
(2) adding span 80 into cyclohexane, and uniformly stirring to obtain an organic system;
(3) adding an organic system and an aqueous system into a reaction vessel in sequence, and mechanically stirring at a high speed after adding to disperse a water system into liquid beads in the organic system; preparing a glutaric dialdehyde, cyclohexane and ethanol uniform crosslinking system; heating a reaction system consisting of the organic system and the aqueous solution system, and dropwise adding the uniform crosslinking system into the reaction system for reaction; adding polyacrylic acid solution, filtering to obtain small balls after the liquid beads in the solution are solidified; the obtained small balls are divided into two parts, and the two parts are respectively activated in acid and alkali to obtain the chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent.
According to the preparation method of the chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent, the concentration of a soluble sodium humate aqueous solution is 0.02-0.1 g/ml, the mass ratio of the soluble sodium humate to chitosan is 1: 1-2: 1, and the dosage ratio of chitosan to acetic acid is 1g: 0.5-2.0 ml.
According to the preparation method of the chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent, the volume ratio of cyclohexane to span 80 is 200: 1-250: 1; the volume ratio of the aqueous solution system to the organic system is 1: 5-1: 8.
According to the preparation method of the chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent, a reaction system consisting of the organic system and the aqueous solution system is heated to 20-45 ℃, and then the uniform crosslinking system is dropwise added into the reaction system to react for 1-1.5 hours.
According to the preparation method of the chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent, acid activation is to activate synthesized pellets in 0.05-0.1 mol/l hydrochloric acid for 1-2 hours.
The preparation method of the chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent comprises the step of activating synthesized pellets in 0.05-0.1 mol/l of sodium hydroxide for 1-2 hours by alkali activation.
The chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent prepared by the method.
The chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent is applied to treatment of heavy metal ions and/or dyes.
A method for efficiently treating wastewater containing heavy metal ions and dyes comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing the chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent;
(5) adding the chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent prepared in the step 1) into wastewater with coexisting dye and heavy metal ions, and realizing the recovery treatment of the dye and the heavy metal ions by adjusting the pH value of the wastewater.
The pollutants are MB and Pb (II), or MO and Cr (VI).
Has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the raw materials of the adsorbent, namely the soluble sodium humate and the chitosan, belong to the common high molecular polymers in the nature, are low in price and easy to obtain, are easy to degrade and have no toxicity, and do not cause secondary pollution.
(2) The broad spectrum adsorbent can adsorb MB and Pb (belonging to cationic pollutants) through alkali activation.
(3) The broad-spectrum adsorbent can be used for treating MO and Cr (VI) (belonging to anionic pollutants because the form of heavy metal chromium ions in aqueous solution is Cr2O4 2-、CrO4 2-And Cr2O7 2-Existing in a plasma form) has good adsorption effect;
(4) the soluble sodium humate and the chitosan are weak electrolyte materials, the surface charge distribution is influenced by the acidity and alkalinity of the solution, the surface charge electrical property and the charge density of the composite amphoteric adsorbent are regulated and controlled through pH, so that the composite amphoteric adsorbent has amphoteric properties to adsorb anion and cationic pollutants, and meanwhile, the adsorption quantity of heavy metals can be controlled by regulating the pH value of the solution by utilizing the adsorption mechanism difference of the adsorbent to the heavy metals and the dyes, so that the heavy metals in the dye and heavy metal composite polluted water body are recovered. Therefore, the good controllability and versatility of the adsorbing material increase the practical application of the adsorbing material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an infrared spectrum of chitosan-humic acid composite amphoteric broad-spectrum adsorbent (CS-HA);
FIG. 2 is a zeta potential diagram of CS-HA;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the adsorption isotherm of MB by the base-activated adsorbent (CS-HA-OH);
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of adsorption kinetics of CS-HA-OH to MB;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the adsorption isotherm of CS-HA-OH for Pb (II);
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of adsorption kinetics of CS-HA-OH to Pb (II);
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the effect of CS-HA-OH on the pH of MB and Pb (II) monoliths adsorbed alone;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the actual wastewater removal kinetics of CS-HA-OH for combined contamination with both Pb (II) and MB;
FIG. 9 for the combined contaminated actual wastewater containing Pb (II) and MB, CS-HA-OH recovers heavy metal Pb (II) by pH adjustment separation;
FIG. 10 is a diagram of the regeneration of the adsorption cycle of CS-HA-OH;
FIG. 11 is a temperature contour plot of adsorption of MO by acid-activated sorbent (CS-HA-H);
FIG. 12 is a graph showing the results of adsorption kinetics of MO by CS-HA-H;
FIG. 13 is a graph of the adsorption isotherm of CS-HA-H on Cr (VI);
FIG. 14 is a graph showing the results of the adsorption kinetics of CS-HA-H on Cr (VI);
FIG. 15 is a graph showing the effect of CS-HA-H on the pH of MO and Cr (VI) monoliths alone;
FIG. 16 is a graph showing the effect of CS-HA-H on the removal of complex contaminated wastewater containing both MO and Cr (VI);
FIG. 17 for the combined contaminated actual wastewater containing MO and Cr (VI), CS-HA-H recovers heavy metal Cr (VI) by pH adjustment separation;
FIG. 18 is a diagram of the regeneration of the adsorption cycle of CS-HA-H.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with examples are described in detail below. The following examples are experimental drugs: sulfuric acid (Nanjing chemical reagent Co., Ltd.), hydrochloric acid (Nanjing chemical reagent Co., Ltd.), nitric acid (China medicine group chemical reagent Co., Ltd.), sodium hydroxide (Nanjing chemical reagent Co., Ltd.), chitosan (China medicine group chemical reagent Co., Ltd.), sodium humate (Shanghai Alantin Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), span 80 (China medicine group chemical reagent Co., Ltd.), glutaraldehyde solution 25% (Shanghai Maxin Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), cyclohexane (Nanjing chemical reagent Co., Ltd.), absolute ethanol (Nanjing chemical reagent Co., Ltd.), methyl orange (China medicine group chemical reagent Co., Ltd.), potassium dichromate (Shanghai Maxin Biotechnology Co., Ltd.).
Example 1
The preparation method of the chitosan-humic acid composite broad spectrum adsorbent comprises the following steps:
(1) adding 1g of soluble sodium humate into 50ml of water, magnetically stirring to dissolve the sodium humate, adding 1g of chitosan powder into the solution, magnetically stirring to uniformly disperse the chitosan powder, adding 0.5ml of acetic acid, and magnetically stirring to completely dissolve the chitosan to obtain an aqueous solution system;
(2) adding 1ml of span 80 into 250ml of cyclohexane, and uniformly stirring by using a glass rod to obtain an organic system;
(3) sequentially adding an organic system and an aqueous solution system into a 500ml three-necked bottle, and mechanically stirring at a high speed after adding to disperse the aqueous system into the organic system to form liquid beads; 5ml of 25% glutaraldehyde, 10ml of cyclohexane and ethanol are prepared into a uniform crosslinking system; and heating the reaction system consisting of the organic system and the water system to 45 ℃, and then dropwise adding the uniform crosslinking system into the reaction system for reaction for 1.5 hours. And adding 2g of polyacrylic acid into the solution to increase the mechanical strength of the cured pellets, filtering the pellets, measuring the particle size to be about 2.5-3 mm, washing with ethanol for 3 times, and then washing with ultrapure water for 3 times.
Material characterization
FIG. 1 is an infrared spectrum of chitosan-humic acid composite broad spectrum adsorbent (CS-HA). As can be seen from FIG. 1, the characteristic peak of CS-HA includes 3000cm-1Nearby hydroxyl/amino peak, 1750cm-1Peak of carboxyl group at the vicinity of 1300cm-1And the peak of the adjacent carbon-nitrogen bond indicates that CS-HA successfully realizes the composition of humic acid and chitosan.
FIG. 2 is a Zeta potential diagram of CS-HA. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the Zeta potential of CS-HA is just between that of chitosan with strong positive charges on the surface and humic acid with strong negative charges, and the isoelectric point is about 4, which also indicates that CS-HA is an amphoteric material, the surface charge and the adsorption selectivity of CS-HA can be adjusted through acid-base activation treatment, and the CS-HA can be used for adsorbing anionic pollutants after acid activation and can be used for adsorbing cationic pollutants after alkali activation.
Example 2
Alkali-activated chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum adsorbent (CS-HA-OH) as a material for adsorbing MB and pb (ii), the beads synthesized in example 1 were activated in 200ml of 0.05mol/l sodium hydroxide for 2 hours, and then washed to pH 9 or less after the activation was completed, and then the water content of the beads was measured to be 92% to 96%, and used for the following tests.
Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 5, which are adsorption isotherms of CS-HA-OH on MB and Pb (II), the adsorption isotherm experiment was performed at pH 7, methylene blue MB and Pb (II) concentration series were prepared, 0.05g of the adsorbent was placed in 50mL of the above solutions with different concentrations, and the solutions were shaken in a shaker at 20 deg.C, 30 deg.C, and 40 deg.C for 3 hours, and then the concentrations of MB and Pb (II) after adsorption equilibrium were measured, so as to calculate the adsorption amounts of MB and Pb (II) at each initial concentration, and obtain the relationship between the initial concentration and the adsorption amount, and the adsorption isotherms at three temperatures were plotted. Isothermal data were used for the fitting of Langmuir and Freundlich models, and the experimental results demonstrated that Langmuir models were best suited for the adsorption experiments. As can be seen from the adsorption isotherms of the CS-HA-OH at the three temperatures of FIGS. 3 and 5 for MB and Pb (II), the temperature increase is favorable for the adsorption of both adsorbates; as can be seen from the isothermal models in table 1 and table 2, the correlation coefficient fitted to the Langmuir isothermal model is the highest, indicating that this adsorption is a monolayer adsorption on the surface of the homogeneous medium.
TABLE 1 adsorption isotherm model parameter fitting of CS-HA-OH to MB
TABLE 2 adsorption isotherm model parameter fitting of CS-HA-OH to Pb (II)
FIGS. 4 and 6 are graphs showing the results of the adsorption kinetics of MB and Pb (II), respectively, the adsorption kinetics experiment was also conducted at pH 7, 0.5g of CS-HA-OH adsorbent was placed in 500mL of MB and Pb (II) solutions, respectively, and magnetically stirred, and 1mL of the solution was removed with a pipette every 1min to measure the instantaneous MB and Pb (II) concentrations, and 1mL of distilled water was added to the solution after each sampling. And calculating the adsorption amount at each moment according to the concentration of the pollutants in the solution at each moment, obtaining the relation of adsorption and time change, and drawing an adsorption kinetic curve at three temperatures. The fitting result proves that the second-stage kinetic model is most suitable for the adsorption experiment through fitting of the quasi-first-stage kinetic model and the quasi-second-stage kinetic model. As can be seen from the adsorption kinetics graphs of FIG. 4 and FIG. 6, the adsorption of MB and Pb (II) by CS-HA-OH reaches the adsorption equilibrium after about 80 minutes, and the high-efficiency adsorption performance is realized in a short time, which indicates that the CS-HA-OH adsorbent HAs good practical application value. The kinetic models in tables 3 and 4 show that the secondary kinetic mathematical model can well simulate experimental data, and the correlation coefficient of the fitting model is as high as 1.0.
TABLE 3 adsorption kinetics parameter fitting of CS-HA-OH to MB
TABLE 4 adsorption kinetics parameter fitting of CS-HA-OH to Pb (II)
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the effect of pH on MB and Pb (II) unitary adsorption, the effect of pH on adsorption being tested at temperatures below 20 ℃. The initial concentration of methylene blue MB is 500mg/l, the pH of the solution is respectively adjusted from 2 to 8 by dilute hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide, 0.05g of CS-HA-OH is respectively added into each part of the dye solution with the adjusted pH value, the shaking table is oscillated for 3 hours to reach the adsorption balance, and the adsorption quantity of the adsorbent to the dye MB under each pH value is calculated. The initial concentration of Pb (II) was 200mg/l, the pH of the solution was adjusted from 2 to 5 with dilute hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide, 0.05g of CS-HA-OH was added to each adjusted pH dye solution, the mixture was shaken in a shaker for 3 hours to reach adsorption equilibrium, and the amount of Pb (II) adsorbed by the adsorbent at each pH was calculated. As can be seen from FIG. 7, the adsorption of MB and Pb (II) by the CS-HA-OH adsorbent is greatly influenced by pH, the adsorption amount increases with the increase of pH, the optimal pH range of MB adsorption is 5-8, and the maximum adsorption amount in the range can reach about 250 mg/g; pb (II) has the optimum pH value of 5 and the maximum adsorption amount of 70mg/g.
As shown in FIG. 8, in the actual wastewater with both MB and Pb (II), the adsorbent CS-HA-OH had a good effect of removing both the dye and the heavy metal pollutants in the wastewater at a pH of about 6, and adsorbed amounts of MB and Pb (II) were 80mg/g and 30mg/g, respectively.
As shown in FIG. 9, because the adsorption mechanism of CS-HA-OH is different for heavy metals and dyes, the adsorption selectivity coefficient alpha of CS-HA-OH is very high at pH 2, which indicates that the adsorbent HAs very strong adsorption selectivity for MB in the coexisting system of MB/Pb (II), so that the pH of the solution can be adjusted to a range of 2-3 by adjusting the pH of the coexisting wastewater solution of MB and Pb (II), wherein the adsorption amount of the dye MB is 70mg/g but the adsorption amount of the heavy metals Pb (II) is less than 10mg/g, so that the dye MB is adsorbed on the adsorbent, and the heavy metals Pb (II) remain in the solution, thereby recovering the heavy metals (Pb II) in the water body.
As shown in fig. 10, which is the recycling rate of CS-HA-OH, it can be seen from the figure that after many cycles, the adsorption performance of the adsorbent to the pollutants is not significantly reduced, and the efficiency can still be maintained above 90%, which indicates that the adsorbent can be regenerated and utilized after many cycles.
Example 3
When the chitosan-humic acid composite broad spectrum adsorbent is used as an MO and Cr (VI) adsorbing material after being activated by acid, the pellet synthesized in the example 1 is activated in 200ml of 0.05mol/l hydrochloric acid for 2 hours, and then washed until the pH value is more than 5 after the activation is finished, and then the water content of the pellet is measured to be about 90-92% and used for the following tests.
FIGS. 11 and 13 are the adsorption isotherms of acid-activated chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum adsorbent (CS-HA-H) for MO and Cr (VI), respectively, and the adsorption experimental operation is the same as the adsorption for MB and Pb (II) described above.
FIGS. 12 and 14 are graphs showing the results of the adsorption kinetics of MO and Cr (VI), respectively, and the experimental adsorption operation is the same as that described above for MB and Pb (II).
FIG. 15 is a graph of pH vs. unitary adsorption pH of MO and Cr (VI). This experimental procedure differs from the above-described experimental procedures for the pH of MB and pb (ii) in that the pH due to the stable presence of MO and cr (vi) contaminants in solution is: MO: 5-11, Cr (VI): 3-11, the pH setting of the solution is changed. As can be seen from FIG. 15, the adsorption amount of MO and Cr (VI) by acid-activated CS-HA shows a tendency to decrease with increasing pH, because acidic groups such as protonated ammonium groups and neutral carboxyl groups on the surface of the adsorbent CS-HA-H are gradually deprotonated with increasing pH, so that the electronegativity of the surface of the adsorbent increases, and the affinity to negatively charged MO and Cr (VI) decreases.
TABLE 5 adsorption isotherm model parameter fitting of CS-HA-H to MO
TABLE 6 adsorption isotherm model parameter fitting of CS-HA-H to Cr (VI)
TABLE 7 adsorption kinetics parameter fitting of CS-HA-H to MO
TABLE 8 adsorption kinetics parameter fitting of CS-HA-H to Cr (VI)
As shown in FIG. 16, for the actual wastewater with MO and Cr (VI) coexisting, although the two adsorbents have inhibiting effects, the adsorbent CS-HA-OH HAs good removal effects on the dye and heavy metal pollutants in the wastewater, and the adsorption amounts of the adsorbent CS-HA-OH to MO and Cr (VI) are 120mg/g and 50mg/g respectively.
As shown in FIG. 17, because the adsorption mechanism of CS-HA-H is different for heavy metals and dyes, the adsorption selectivity coefficient alpha of CS-HA-H is higher at pH 5, which indicates that the adsorbent HAs strong adsorption selectivity for MO in the MO/Cr (VI) coexisting system, so that the pH value of the solution can be adjusted to about 5 by adjusting the pH value of the MO and Cr (VI) coexisting wastewater solution, thereby adsorbing the dye MO onto the adsorbent, and the heavy metals Cr (VI) remain in the solution, thereby recovering the heavy metals Cr (VI) in the water body.
As shown in fig. 18, which is the recycling rate of CS-HA-H, it can be seen from the graph that after many cycles, the adsorption performance of the adsorbent to the pollutants is not significantly reduced, and the efficiency can still be maintained at 90% or more, which indicates that the adsorbent can be recycled after many cycles.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) adding chitosan powder into a soluble sodium humate aqueous solution, magnetically stirring to uniformly disperse the chitosan powder, then adding acetic acid, and stirring to completely dissolve the chitosan powder to obtain an aqueous solution system;
(2) adding span 80 into cyclohexane, and uniformly stirring to obtain an organic system;
(3) adding an organic system and an aqueous system into a reaction vessel in sequence, and mechanically stirring at a high speed after adding to disperse a water system into liquid beads in the organic system; preparing a glutaric dialdehyde, cyclohexane and ethanol uniform crosslinking system; heating a reaction system consisting of the organic system and the aqueous solution system, and dropwise adding the uniform crosslinking system into the reaction system for reaction; adding polyacrylic acid solution, filtering to obtain small balls after the liquid beads in the solution are solidified; the obtained small balls are divided into two parts, and the two parts are respectively activated in acid and alkali to obtain the chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent.
2. The preparation method of the chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the soluble sodium humate aqueous solution is 0.02-0.1 g/ml, the mass ratio of the soluble sodium humate to the chitosan is 1: 1-2: 1, and the dosage ratio of the chitosan to the acetic acid is 1g: 0.5-2.0 ml.
3. The preparation method of the chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of cyclohexane to span 80 is 200: 1-250: 1; the volume ratio of the aqueous solution system to the organic system is 1: 5-1: 8.
4. The preparation method of the chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein a reaction system consisting of the organic system and the aqueous solution system is heated to 20-45 ℃, and then the uniform crosslinking system is dropwise added into the reaction system to react for 1-1.5 h.
5. The preparation method of the chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein the acid activation is to activate the synthesized pellets in 0.05-0.1 mol/l hydrochloric acid for 1-2 h.
6. The preparation method of the chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein the alkali activation is to activate the synthesized pellets in 0.05-0.1 mol/l of sodium hydroxide for 1-2 h.
7. The chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. The application of the chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent of claim 7 in treating heavy metal ions and/or dyes.
9. A method for efficiently treating wastewater containing heavy metal ions and dyes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing the chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent;
(5) adding the chitosan-humic acid composite broad-spectrum amphoteric adsorbent prepared in the step 1) into wastewater with coexisting dye and heavy metal ions, and realizing the recovery treatment of the dye and the heavy metal ions by adjusting the pH value of the wastewater.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the contaminants are MB and Pb (II), or MO and Cr (VI).
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