CN114471196A - Preparation method of multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane - Google Patents
Preparation method of multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane Download PDFInfo
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- CN114471196A CN114471196A CN202111563696.5A CN202111563696A CN114471196A CN 114471196 A CN114471196 A CN 114471196A CN 202111563696 A CN202111563696 A CN 202111563696A CN 114471196 A CN114471196 A CN 114471196A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010041 electrostatic spinning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 75
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- GSNUFIFRDBKVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N DMF Natural products CC1=CC=C(C)O1 GSNUFIFRDBKVIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- MHABMANUFPZXEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-demethyl-aloesaponarin I Natural products O=C1C2=CC=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=C2C MHABMANUFPZXEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004695 Polyether sulfone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920003208 poly(ethylene sulfide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006393 polyether sulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 2
- -1 consequently Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002070 germicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/30—Polyalkenyl halides
- B01D71/32—Polyalkenyl halides containing fluorine atoms
- B01D71/34—Polyvinylidene fluoride
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/02—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor characterised by their properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/38—Polyalkenylalcohols; Polyalkenylesters; Polyalkenylethers; Polyalkenylaldehydes; Polyalkenylketones; Polyalkenylacetals; Polyalkenylketals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/58—Other polymers having nitrogen in the main chain, with or without oxygen or carbon only
- B01D71/62—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain
- B01D71/64—Polyimides; Polyamide-imides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/66—Polymers having sulfur in the main chain, with or without nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only
- B01D71/68—Polysulfones; Polyethersulfones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/50—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/70—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by reduction
- C02F1/705—Reduction by metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane, which comprises the steps of taking a high molecular solution and an organic solvent to be fully mixed, and then dividing the mixture into three parts of mixed solution with the same quantity; taking a part of the mixture, dissolving, adding a silver nitrate solution and nano iron particles, and emulsifying to obtain an emulsion; 1/10 parts by mass of the mixed solution is taken from the two remaining parts of the mixed solution and put into a glass cup, 2/10 parts by mass of the emulsion is taken from the emulsion and put into the glass cup containing the mixed solution, the mixed solution and the emulsion are fully mixed to obtain a stirred solution, and the stirred solution is equally divided into two parts; sequentially injecting the two groups of mixed solutions, the two groups of stirring solutions and the emulsion into a spinning electrode, and spinning the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane by using an electrostatic spinning machine; the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane obtained in the step S4 is placed in a constant temperature box for warm screening treatment, the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane can be used for continuously and stably sterilizing water, can also be used for removing heavy metal ions in the water, and is long in service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water purification membranes, in particular to a preparation method of a multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane.
Background
Water is a source of life and also a material basis for socioeconomic development and social progress. Although the territorial area of China ranks the third in the world, the water resources of China are still scarce, and the territorial area is one of the thirteen countries which are most lack of water in the world. Therefore, the water resource should be recycled, so some purification devices are needed to purify the water resource.
At present, the main mode of purifying water is to filter and purify water through the purification rete, but the germicide in present water purification membrane is uneven on the purification membrane in distribution, and the germicide still drops from water purification membrane easily, lead to the unable stable bacterium and the virus of getting rid of in the aquatic of getting rid of water purification membrane, water purification still needs the heavy metal ion of handling water simultaneously, and current water purification needs to add the purification membrane of getting rid of the heavy metal function, and water purification membrane has filterable function, has fine fibre, consequently, lead to water purification membrane to damage when cleaning water purification membrane very easily, and then seriously influence water purification membrane's result of use and life.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a multifunctional nano-fiber water purification membrane comprises the following steps:
s1: taking a high molecular solution and an organic solvent to be fully mixed, and then dividing into three parts of mixed solution with the same quantity;
s2: taking a part of the mixture, dissolving, adding a silver nitrate solution and nano iron particles, and emulsifying to obtain an emulsion;
s3: 1/10 parts by mass of the mixed solution is taken from the two remaining parts of the mixed solution and put into a glass cup, 2/10 parts by mass of the emulsion is taken from the emulsion and put into the glass cup containing the mixed solution, the mixed solution and the emulsion are fully mixed to obtain a stirred solution when fully stirred, and the stirred solution is equally divided into two parts;
s4: sequentially injecting the two groups of mixed solutions, the two groups of stirring solutions and the emulsion into a spinning electrode, and spinning the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane by using an electrostatic spinning machine;
s5: and (4) putting the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane obtained in the step (S4) into a constant temperature box for warm screening treatment.
As a further preference, the polymer solution in S1 is specifically one or more of PVDF, PES, PVA, aramid and polyimide, and the organic solvent is specifically any one or more of ACE, DMF, DMSO and DMAC.
As a further preference, the emulsification process in S2 is specifically to add silver nitrate solution to achieve the half emulsification state, and then add nano iron particles to achieve the complete emulsification.
Preferably, the spinning sequence of the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane in S4 is specifically a mixed solution, a stirred solution, an emulsion, a stirred solution and a mixed solution, and the obtained multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane has five layers, namely a first filter layer, a first transition layer, a sterilization layer, a second transition layer and a second filter layer.
Preferably, when the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane is spun, the first filter layer is spun, the first transition layer is spun at the tail end of the first filter layer after the first filter layer is spun, the first transition layer is spun from the tail end to the head end of the first filter layer until the first transition layer completely covers the first filter layer, then the first transition layer is covered by the spinning sterilization layer, the sterilization layer is covered by the spinning second transition layer, and finally the second transition layer is covered by the spinning second filter layer.
As a further preference, the first filtration layer is located at the outermost layer of the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane.
Preferably, the fiber diameters of the first filter layer and the second filter layer are both 800-1000 nm, the fiber diameter of the first transition layer is 700-900 nm, the fiber diameter of the sterilization layer is 400-600 nm, and the fiber diameter of the second transition layer is 400-500 nm.
Preferably, the thickness ratio of the first filter layer, the first transition layer, the sterilization layer, the second transition layer and the second filter layer is 1.3-1.5: 0.3-0.5: 0.6-0.8: 0.2-0.3: 1-1.2.
Further preferably, the condition of the temperature sieve in the S5 is baking for 20-30 minutes at 80-100 ℃ in an incubator.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a preparation method of a multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane, which has the following beneficial effects:
the nanofiber membrane adopted by the invention is prepared in a mode of dividing the nanofiber membrane into three parts by using the same fiber material solution, so that the fiber material parameters in the solution without assembly are the same, the structure of the fiber membranes for subsequent spinning is ensured to be the same, the combination effect is better, the nanofiber membrane has a five-layer structure, the five layers are subjected to electrostatic spinning continuous covering spinning, five layers of membrane shells are effectively combined together, the sterilization layer in the middle is protected by two transition layers, and silver nitrate and nano iron particles in the sterilization layer are doped in the transition layers, so that the transition layers have a certain sterilization effect while protecting the sterilization layer, and further the loss of the silver nitrate and the nano iron particles in the sterilization layer is reduced; and the other side of the filtering layers at the two sides of the sterilizing layer is respectively provided with a filtering layer which can effectively protect the sterilizing layer, so that the sterilizing layer is not required to be damaged when the water purification membrane is cleaned, silver nitrate and nano iron particles in the sterilizing layer are mixed with a high molecular solution to be in an emulsified state, the silver nitrate and the nano iron particles can generate precipitation due to overlong time in an effective mode during spinning, the silver nitrate and the nano iron particles are more uniformly distributed on the sterilizing layer after spinning, and then the silver nitrate and the nano elementary substance iron particles react to generate nano silver which is uniformly embedded on nano fibers, so that the silver particles are fixed on the nano fiber membrane, and when the filter is used in the water purification process, the silver particles are not easy to run off, the effect of continuously and stably removing bacteria and viruses in water is achieved, the elementary substance iron can reduce heavy metal ions in the water, the aim of removing the heavy metals in drinking water is achieved, and the elementary substance iron is still reduced after being oxidized into ferrous ions by the silver ions, can still get rid of aquatic heavy metal ion, through the heating baking after the nanofiber membrane shaping simultaneously, make nanometer iron particle more even distribution in the nanofiber membrane, and then get rid of the effect of heavy metal ion better.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different features of the invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples, such repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed. In addition, the present invention provides examples of various specific processes and materials, but one of ordinary skill in the art may recognize applications of other processes and/or uses of other materials.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane, which comprises the following steps:
s1: taking a high molecular solution and an organic solvent to be fully mixed, and then dividing into three parts of mixed solution with the same quantity;
s2: taking a part of the mixture, dissolving, adding a silver nitrate solution and nano iron particles, and emulsifying to obtain an emulsion;
s3: 1/10 parts by mass of the mixed solution is taken from the two remaining parts of the mixed solution and put into a glass cup, 2/10 parts by mass of the emulsion is taken from the emulsion and put into the glass cup containing the mixed solution, the mixed solution and the emulsion are fully mixed to obtain a stirred solution, and the stirred solution is equally divided into two parts;
s4: sequentially injecting the two groups of mixed solutions, the two groups of stirring solutions and the emulsion into a spinning electrode, and spinning the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane by using an electrostatic spinning machine;
s5: and (4) putting the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane obtained in the step (S4) into a constant temperature box for warm screening treatment.
In this embodiment, the polymer solution in S1 is specifically one or more of PVDF, PES, PVA, aramid, and polyimide, and the organic solvent is specifically any one or more of ACE, DMF, DMSO, and DMAC.
Specifically, the emulsification process in S2 is to add silver nitrate solution to reach a half-emulsified state, and then add nano-iron particles to complete emulsification.
In this embodiment, the spinning sequence of the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane in S4 is specifically mixed solution, stirred solution, emulsion, stirred solution and mixed solution, and the obtained multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane has five layers, namely a first filter layer, a first transition layer, a sterilization layer, a second transition layer and a second filter layer.
When the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane is woven, the first filter layer is woven firstly, the first transition layer is woven at the tail end of the first filter layer after the first filter layer is woven, the first transition layer is woven from the tail end of the first filter layer to the head end until the first transition layer completely covers the first filter layer, then the first transition layer is covered by the woven sterilization layer, the second transition layer is covered by the woven sterilization layer, and finally the second transition layer is covered by the woven second filter layer.
Specifically, the first filter layer is positioned at the outermost layer of the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane.
Further, the fiber diameters of the first filter layer and the second filter layer are both 800 nanometers, the fiber diameter of the first transition layer is 700 nanometers, the fiber diameter of the sterilization layer is 400 nanometers, and the fiber diameter of the second transition layer is 400 nanometers.
Furthermore, the thickness ratio of the first filter layer, the first transition layer, the sterilization layer, the second transition layer and the second filter layer is 1.3: 0.3: 0.6: 0.2: 1.
in this example, the condition of the warm sieve in S5 was to bake at 80 ℃ for 30 minutes in an oven.
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane, which comprises the following steps:
s1: taking a high molecular solution and an organic solvent to be fully mixed, and then dividing into three parts of mixed solution with the same quantity;
s2: taking a part of the mixture, dissolving, adding a silver nitrate solution and nano iron particles, and emulsifying to obtain an emulsion;
s3: 1/10 parts by mass of the mixed solution is taken from the two remaining parts of the mixed solution and put into a glass cup, 2/10 parts by mass of the emulsion is taken from the emulsion and put into the glass cup containing the mixed solution, the mixed solution and the emulsion are fully mixed to obtain a stirred solution, and the stirred solution is equally divided into two parts;
s4: sequentially injecting the two groups of mixed solutions, the two groups of stirring solutions and the emulsion into a spinning electrode, and spinning the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane by using an electrostatic spinning machine;
s5: and (4) putting the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane obtained in the step (S4) into a constant temperature box for warm screening treatment.
In this embodiment, the polymer solution in S1 is specifically one or more of PVDF, PES, PVA, aramid, and polyimide, and the organic solvent is specifically any one or more of ACE, DMF, DMSO, and DMAC.
Specifically, the emulsification process in S2 is to add silver nitrate solution to reach a half-emulsified state, and then add nano-iron particles to complete emulsification.
In this embodiment, the spinning order of the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane in S4 is specifically mixed solution, stirring solution, emulsion, stirring solution and mixed solution, and the obtained multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane has five layers, namely a first filter layer, a first transition layer, a sterilization layer, a second transition layer and a second filter layer.
When the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane is woven, the first filter layer is woven firstly, the first transition layer is woven at the tail end of the first filter layer after the first filter layer is woven, the first transition layer is woven from the tail end of the first filter layer to the head end until the first transition layer completely covers the first filter layer, then the first transition layer is covered by the woven sterilization layer, the second transition layer is covered by the woven sterilization layer, and finally the second transition layer is covered by the woven second filter layer.
Specifically, the first filter layer is positioned at the outermost layer of the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane.
Furthermore, the fiber diameters of the first filter layer and the second filter layer are both 850 nanometers, the fiber diameter of the first transition layer is 700 nanometers, the fiber diameter of the sterilization layer is 500 nanometers, and the fiber diameter of the second transition layer is 420 nanometers.
Furthermore, the thickness ratio of the first filter layer, the first transition layer, the sterilization layer, the second transition layer and the second filter layer is 1.4: 0.3: 0.7: 0.2: 1.
in this example, the condition of the warm sieve in S5 was baking at 80 ℃ for 23 minutes in an oven.
Example 3
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane, which comprises the following steps:
s1: taking a high molecular solution and an organic solvent to be fully mixed, and then dividing into three parts of mixed solution with the same quantity;
s2: taking a part of the mixture, dissolving, adding a silver nitrate solution and nano iron particles, and emulsifying to obtain an emulsion;
s3: 1/10 parts by mass of the mixed solution is taken from the two remaining parts of the mixed solution and put into a glass cup, 2/10 parts by mass of the emulsion is taken from the emulsion and put into the glass cup containing the mixed solution, the mixed solution and the emulsion are fully mixed to obtain a stirred solution, and the stirred solution is equally divided into two parts;
s4: sequentially injecting the two groups of mixed solutions, the two groups of stirring solutions and the emulsion into a spinning electrode, and spinning the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane by using an electrostatic spinning machine;
s5: and (4) putting the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane obtained in the step (S4) into a constant temperature box for warm screening treatment.
In this embodiment, the polymer solution in S1 is specifically one or more of PVDF, PES, PVA, aramid, and polyimide, and the organic solvent is specifically any one or more of ACE, DMF, DMSO, and DMAC.
Specifically, the emulsification process in S2 is to add silver nitrate solution to reach a half-emulsified state, and then add nano-iron particles to complete emulsification.
In this embodiment, the spinning order of the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane in S4 is specifically mixed solution, stirring solution, emulsion, stirring solution and mixed solution, and the obtained multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane has five layers, namely a first filter layer, a first transition layer, a sterilization layer, a second transition layer and a second filter layer.
When the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane is woven, the first filter layer is woven firstly, the first transition layer is woven at the tail end of the first filter layer after the first filter layer is woven, the first transition layer is woven from the tail end of the first filter layer to the head end until the first transition layer completely covers the first filter layer, then the first transition layer is covered by the woven sterilization layer, the second transition layer is covered by the woven sterilization layer, and finally the second transition layer is covered by the woven second filter layer.
Specifically, the first filter layer is positioned at the outermost layer of the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane.
Furthermore, the fiber diameters of the first filter layer and the second filter layer are both 1000 nanometers, the fiber diameter of the first transition layer is 780 nanometers, the fiber diameter of the sterilization layer is 530 nanometers, and the fiber diameter of the second transition layer is 450 nanometers.
Furthermore, the thickness ratio of the first filter layer, the first transition layer, the sterilization layer, the second transition layer and the second filter layer is 1.4: 0.4: 0.7: 0.25: 1.1.
in this example, the condition of the warm sieve in S5 was baking at 85 ℃ for 22 minutes in an oven.
Example 4
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane, which comprises the following steps:
s1: taking a high molecular solution and an organic solvent to be fully mixed, and then dividing into three parts of mixed solution with the same quantity;
s2: taking a part of the mixture, dissolving, adding a silver nitrate solution and nano iron particles, and emulsifying to obtain an emulsion;
s3: 1/10 parts by mass of the mixed solution is taken from the two remaining parts of the mixed solution and put into a glass cup, 2/10 parts by mass of the emulsion is taken from the emulsion and put into the glass cup containing the mixed solution, the mixed solution and the emulsion are fully mixed to obtain a stirred solution, and the stirred solution is equally divided into two parts;
s4: sequentially injecting the two groups of mixed solutions, the two groups of stirring solutions and the emulsion into a spinning electrode, and spinning the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane by using an electrostatic spinning machine;
s5: and (4) putting the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane obtained in the step (S4) into a constant temperature box for warm screening treatment.
In this embodiment, the polymer solution in S1 is specifically one or more of PVDF, PES, PVA, aramid, and polyimide, and the organic solvent is specifically any one or more of ACE, DMF, DMSO, and DMAC.
Specifically, the emulsification process in S2 is to add silver nitrate solution to reach a half-emulsified state, and then add nano-iron particles to complete emulsification.
In this embodiment, the spinning sequence of the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane in S4 is specifically mixed solution, stirred solution, emulsion, stirred solution and mixed solution, and the obtained multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane has five layers, namely a first filter layer, a first transition layer, a sterilization layer, a second transition layer and a second filter layer.
When the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane is woven, the first filter layer is woven firstly, the first transition layer is woven at the tail end of the first filter layer after the first filter layer is woven, the first transition layer is woven from the tail end of the first filter layer to the head end until the first transition layer completely covers the first filter layer, then the first transition layer is covered by the woven sterilization layer, the second transition layer is covered by the woven sterilization layer, and finally the second transition layer is covered by the woven second filter layer.
Specifically, the first filter layer is positioned on the outermost layer of the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane.
Furthermore, the fiber diameters of the first filter layer and the second filter layer are both 850 nanometers, the fiber diameter of the first transition layer is 800 nanometers, the fiber diameter of the sterilization layer is 550 nanometers, and the fiber diameter of the second transition layer is 500 nanometers.
Furthermore, the thickness ratio of the first filter layer, the first transition layer, the sterilization layer, the second transition layer and the second filter layer is 1.4: 0.4: 0.7: 0.3: 1.1.
in this example, the condition of the warm sieve in S5 was baking at 90 degrees for 25 minutes in an oven.
Example 5
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of a multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane, which comprises the following steps:
s1: taking a high molecular solution and an organic solvent to be fully mixed, and then dividing into three parts of mixed solution with the same quantity;
s2: taking a part of the mixture, dissolving, adding a silver nitrate solution and nano iron particles, and emulsifying to obtain an emulsion;
s3: 1/10 parts by mass of the mixed solution is taken from the two remaining parts of the mixed solution and put into a glass cup, 2/10 parts by mass of the emulsion is taken from the emulsion and put into the glass cup containing the mixed solution, the mixed solution and the emulsion are fully mixed to obtain a stirred solution, and the stirred solution is equally divided into two parts;
s4: sequentially injecting the two groups of mixed solutions, the two groups of stirring solutions and the emulsion into a spinning electrode, and spinning the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane by using an electrostatic spinning machine;
s5: and (4) putting the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane obtained in the step (S4) into a constant temperature box for warm screening treatment.
In this embodiment, the polymer solution in S1 is specifically one or more of PVDF, PES, PVA, aramid, and polyimide, and the organic solvent is specifically any one or more of ACE, DMF, DMSO, and DMAC.
Specifically, the emulsification process in S2 is to add silver nitrate solution to reach a half-emulsified state, and then add nano-iron particles to complete emulsification.
In this embodiment, the spinning sequence of the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane in S4 is specifically mixed solution, stirred solution, emulsion, stirred solution and mixed solution, and the obtained multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane has five layers, namely a first filter layer, a first transition layer, a sterilization layer, a second transition layer and a second filter layer.
Specifically, the first filter layer is positioned at the outermost layer of the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane.
Furthermore, the fiber diameters of the first filter layer and the second filter layer are both 1000 nanometers, the fiber diameter of the first transition layer is 900 nanometers, the fiber diameter of the sterilization layer is 600 nanometers, and the fiber diameter of the second transition layer is 500 nanometers.
Furthermore, the thickness ratio of the first filter layer, the first transition layer, the sterilization layer, the second transition layer and the second filter layer is 1.5: 0.5: 0.8: 0.3: 1.2.
in this example, the condition of the warm sieve in S5 was baking at 100 ℃ for 25 minutes in an oven.
Wherein the polymer solution materials in the five embodiments are the same.
Table 1: the detection results of the sterilization efficiency, the heavy metal removal rate and the filtration efficiency of each group of examples are compared:
although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: taking a high molecular solution and an organic solvent to be fully mixed, and then dividing into three parts of mixed solution with the same quantity;
s2: taking a part of the mixture, dissolving, adding a silver nitrate solution and nano iron particles, and emulsifying to obtain an emulsion;
s3: 1/10 parts by mass of the mixed solution is taken from the two remaining parts of the mixed solution and put into a glass cup, 2/10 parts by mass of the emulsion is taken from the emulsion and put into the glass cup containing the mixed solution, the mixed solution and the emulsion are fully mixed to obtain a stirred solution, and the stirred solution is equally divided into two parts;
s4: sequentially injecting the two groups of mixed solutions, the two groups of stirring solutions and the emulsion into a spinning electrode, and spinning the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane by using an electrostatic spinning machine;
s5: and (4) putting the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane obtained in the step (S4) into a constant temperature box for warm screening treatment.
2. The method for preparing a multifunctional nano-fiber water purification membrane according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the polymer solution in the S1 is one or more of PVDF, PES, PVA, aramid fiber and polyimide, and the organic solvent is one or more of ACE, DMF, DMSO and DMAC.
3. The method for preparing a multifunctional nano-fiber water purification membrane according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the emulsification process in the step S2 is specifically to add a silver nitrate solution to a half-emulsified state, and then add nano-iron particles to complete emulsification.
4. The method for preparing a multifunctional nano-fiber water purification membrane according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the spinning sequence of the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane in the S4 is specifically mixed liquor, stirring liquor, emulsion, stirring liquor and the mixed liquor, and the obtained multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane has five layers which are respectively a first filter layer, a first transition layer, a sterilization layer, a second transition layer and a second filter layer.
5. The method for preparing a multifunctional nano-fiber water purification membrane according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the first filter layer is positioned at the outermost layer of the multifunctional nanofiber water purification membrane.
6. The method for preparing a multifunctional nano-fiber water purification membrane according to claim 5, wherein: the fiber diameters of the first filter layer and the second filter layer are both 800-1000 nm, the fiber diameter of the first transition layer is 700-900 nm, the fiber diameter of the sterilization layer is 400-600 nm, and the fiber diameter of the second transition layer is 400-500 nm.
7. The method for preparing a multifunctional nano-fiber water purification membrane according to claim 6, wherein: the thickness ratio of the first filter layer to the first transition layer to the sterilization layer to the second transition layer to the second filter layer is 1.3-1.5: 0.3-0.5: 0.6-0.8: 0.2-0.3: 1-1.2.
8. The method for preparing a multifunctional nano-fiber water purification membrane according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the condition of the temperature sieve in the S5 is baking for 20-30 minutes at 80-100 ℃ in a constant temperature box.
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