CN114469253A

CN114469253A - Laser device for accurately indicating osteotomy plane in artificial knee joint replacement

Info

Publication number: CN114469253A
Application number: CN202111553742.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 倪明; 任鹏; 张国强; 耿磊; 郑清源; 程龙; 付君; 王建
Original assignee: Fourth Medical Center General Hospital of Chinese PLA
Current assignee: Fourth Medical Center General Hospital of Chinese PLA
Priority date: 2021-12-17
Filing date: 2021-12-17
Publication date: 2022-05-13

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a laser device for accurately indicating an osteotomy plane in an artificial knee joint replacement, which comprises a connecting device, a battery bin, a linear laser, a magnet and an insertion piece, wherein the connecting device is provided with the linear laser, the connecting device is provided with an electromagnetic bin, the connecting device is provided with the magnet, the connecting device is provided with the insertion piece, and the insertion piece can be firmly inserted into an osteotomy groove of an osteotomy plate. The invention adopts a laser device, and can accurately mark the osteotomy part through the linear laser after the osteotomy plate is placed, thereby accurately judging the osteotomy plane and the osteotomy amount in advance before osteotomy.

Description

Laser device for accurately indicating osteotomy plane in artificial knee joint replacement

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a laser device for accurately indicating an osteotomy plane in artificial knee joint replacement.

Background

The artificial knee joint replacement operation is the most effective way for treating the final-stage disease of the knee joint, can eliminate pain for patients, correct deformity, regain functions and greatly improve the life quality of the patients. Accurate osteotomy, good soft tissue balance, is critical to the success of artificial knee replacement, with osteotomy being more important. Inaccurate femur distal osteotomy can cause abnormal coronal plane force line, upward movement of joint line, failure of extension of knee joint, or unstable hyperextension of knee joint; inaccurate resection of the femoral posterior condyles can result in excessive flexion gaps, unstable flexion, or unbalanced flexion-extension gaps; inaccurate osteotomies of the anterior femoral condyle can lead to excessive packing of the patellofemoral joint, tracking of the anterior femoral cortex, and even fracture. In addition, the accurate osteotomy can reduce the soft tissue interference, so that the soft tissue of the patient can keep the original function as far as possible, otherwise, the soft tissue is twisted and loosened during the knee joint movement, and the knee joint is unstable. Therefore, the accuracy of osteotomy is critical. After the osteotomy plate is placed and before osteotomy, the osteotomy plane and the amount of the osteotomy need to be clearly evaluated, and the amount of the osteotomy needs to be adjusted if not appropriate, so that the accurate osteotomy amount can be realized.

The instrument that is used for instructing osteotomy volume at present is wing sheetmetal, and after laying the osteotomy board, wing sheetmetal inserts the osteotomy groove, and the wing sheetmetal point portion of cutting the bone groove outer part then can contact the bone face to instruct the osteotomy position, judge the osteotomy volume.

However, the following problems exist in the prior art:

1. the wing-shaped metal sheet has certain space occupation, and in the narrow operation space of the artificial knee joint replacement, the tip of the wing-shaped blade can be blocked by tense soft tissue from contacting the bone surface.

2. The thickness of the wing-shaped metal sheet and the thickness of the osteotomy groove are too different, and when the wing-shaped metal sheet swings in the osteotomy groove, the tip swings more greatly, so that the judgment of the osteotomy plane is influenced.

3. The wing-shaped metal sheet can only contact the bone surface with the tip part, and is in point-shaped contact, so that the understanding of all the osteotomy planes requires the wing-shaped metal sheet to move along the osteotomy groove and pass through the bone surface with the tip part, the blocking of soft tissues is difficult to realize due to the direction of the osteotomy groove, even if the realization is realized, only one contact point is seen at each moment, and the osteotomy planes cannot be seen visually and clearly.

4. Under the condition that the soft tissue is nervous, block, can't insert the osteotomy groove earlier, when rotating the sheetmetal contact sclerotin again, the art person can be earlier with sheetmetal and sclerotin contact, go to look for the osteotomy groove again, because the thickness in osteotomy groove and the thickness of sheetmetal have certain difference, the sheetmetal is flexible, insert the osteotomy groove with wing-shaped sheetmetal by force this moment, but the osteotomy plane of osteotomy groove orientation is inconsistent with the sheetmetal mark, thereby misleading the art person, lead to the osteotomy mistake. The most common error is marking of the femoral anterior condyle, and once the marking is wrong, the anterior condyle is cut too much, the cortical bone is cut by mistake, a front incisure appears, and the cortical bone with weakened strength can increase the incidence rate of postoperative fracture.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a laser device for accurately indicating an osteotomy plane in artificial knee joint replacement, which solves the problems in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the utility model provides an accurate instruction cuts planar laser device of bone in artifical knee joint replacement art, includes connecting device, battery compartment, a word line laser instrument, magnet, inserted sheet, the last word line laser instrument of installing of connecting device, the last electromagnetism storehouse of installing of connecting device, the last magnet of installing of connecting device, the last inserted sheet that is provided with of connecting device, install on the inserted sheet and cut the hone lamella.

Preferably, the battery compartment includes casing, lower casing, battery and switch, go up casing and connecting device installation, the casing is installed down to the bottom of going up the casing, the internal battery that installs of inferior valve, upward install the switch on the casing.

Preferably, the connecting device is provided with a reserved hole, and a linear laser is arranged in the reserved hole.

Preferably, the osteotomy plate is provided with an osteotomy groove, and the osteotomy groove is spliced with the insertion piece.

Preferably, the thickness of the inserting sheet is 1.3-1.5mm, the width of the inserting sheet is 1cm-3cm, and the size of the inserting sheet is smaller than that of the osteotomy groove.

Preferably, the connecting device is in a W shape, the number of the line lasers is two, and the two line lasers are symmetrically arranged on the connecting device.

Preferably, the in-line laser and the battery in the battery compartment are connected with the switch through wires.

Preferably, the number of the magnets is two, and the two magnets are symmetrically arranged on the connecting device.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

the invention adopts a laser device, which can accurately mark the osteotomy part after the osteotomy plate is placed, thereby accurately judging the osteotomy plane and the osteotomy amount in advance before osteotomy.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of FIG. 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a connecting device according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery compartment according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a connecting device; 2. a battery compartment; 3. a word line laser; 4. a magnet; 5. inserting sheets; 6. a bone plate; 7. a osteotomy slot; 8. an upper housing; 9. a lower housing; 10. a battery; 11. a switch; 12. holes are reserved.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-5, a laser device for accurately indicating an osteotomy plane in an artificial knee joint replacement comprises a connecting device 1, a battery compartment 2, a linear laser 3, a magnet 4 and an insert piece 5, wherein the connecting device 1 is provided with the linear laser 3, the connecting device 1 is provided with the electromagnetic compartment 2, the connecting device 1 is provided with the magnet 4, the connecting device 1 is provided with the insert piece 5, and the insert piece 5 can be firmly inserted into an osteotomy groove 7 of an osteotomy plate 6.

Referring to fig. 5, the battery compartment 2 includes an upper housing 8, a lower housing 9, a battery 10 and a switch 11, the upper housing 8 is mounted with the connecting device 1, the lower housing 9 is mounted at the bottom of the upper housing 8, the battery 10 is mounted in the lower housing 9, and the switch 11 is mounted on the upper housing 8.

Referring to fig. 4, a preformed hole 12 is formed on the connecting device 1, and a line laser 3 is installed in the preformed hole 12. A line laser 3 can be installed through the prepared hole 12. The shapes and directions of the connecting device 1 and the preformed hole 12 can be designed to be optimal, so that the connecting device is less interfered by soft tissues and is convenient to use; a single plane flexion-extension shaft can be added at the W-shaped outer folding angle, and the flexion-extension adjustment can be carried out on the osteotomy plane, so that the linear laser can indicate the osteotomy position at a better angle. The connection device 1 may be double-armed to indicate bilaterally the anterior femoral condyle, the distal femoral resection plane; it may also be a single arm to indicate a unilateral femoral posterior condylar resection, or a tibial resection.

Referring to fig. 1, the osteotomy plate 6 is provided with an osteotomy slot 7, and the osteotomy slot 7 is inserted into the insertion sheet 5. Through the design of the osteotomy groove 7, is used for matching with the inserting sheet 5.

Referring to fig. 1, the thickness of the insertion sheet 5 is 1.3-1.5mm, the width of the insertion sheet 5 is 1cm-3cm, and the size of the insertion sheet 5 is smaller than that of the osteotomy groove 7.

Referring to fig. 2, the connecting device 1 is W-shaped, the number of the one-line lasers 3 is two, and the two one-line lasers 3 are symmetrically installed on the connecting device 1. The laser 3 emits linear laser light which is constantly in the same plane with the osteotomy groove of the insert 5 to indicate the osteotomy position.

Referring to fig. 5, the in-line laser 3 and the battery 10 in the battery compartment 2 are connected to the switch 11 through wires. By the design of the switch 11, for powering the line laser 3.

Referring to fig. 3, the number of the magnets 4 is two, and the two magnets 4 are symmetrically installed on the connecting device 1. The magnet 4 can be attracted to a metal osteotomy plate 6 to assist in the fixation of the insert 5 to the osteotomy plate 6.

The specific implementation process of the invention is as follows: taking the anterior condyle osteotomy of the four-in-one femur as an example, when the model of the femoral prosthesis is measured, after the corresponding femur four-in-one osteotomy plate 6 is placed, the switch 11 is switched on and powered on, the double-linear laser 3 is lightened to emit linear laser in a straight line, then the inserting piece 5 is inserted into the osteotomy groove 7, the linear laser emitted by the double-linear laser 3 irradiates the operative field bone surface from the two sides of the osteotomy plate 6 and is positioned on the same plane with the inserting piece 5 and the femur osteotomy groove 7 to provide the most visual indication for the osteotomy position of a doctor, if the osteotomy position is found to be deviated and enters the anterior cortex of the femur, the four-in-one osteotomy plate is correspondingly adjusted forwards to achieve the best and safest osteotomy position.

Taking the posterior condylar osteotomy on one side as an example, a single-arm device is adopted, the inserting piece 5 is inserted into the posterior condylar osteotomy groove on one side, linear laser emitted by the double-linear laser 3 irradiates the operative field bone surface from one side of the osteotomy plate and is positioned on the same plane with the femoral posterior condylar osteotomy groove, the most intuitive indication of the osteotomy position is carried out for a doctor, the most first end of the posterior condylar and the laser line can be measured by adopting a ruler and used as an accurate reference of the osteotomy amount, and if the osteotomy amount is abnormal, the corresponding adjustment can be carried out. The same method can measure the osteotomy position and the osteotomy amount of the posterior condyle on the other side.

Taking the femur and the distal osteotomy as an example, after the femur distal osteotomy plate is placed, the switch 11 is switched on and powered on, the double-linear laser 3 is lightened to emit linear laser in a straight line, then the inserting piece 5 is inserted into the femur distal osteotomy groove, the linear laser emitted by the double-linear laser 3 irradiates the operative field bone surface from two sides of the osteotomy plate 6 and is in the same plane with the femur distal osteotomy groove, at the moment, the distance between the femur distal end and the laser line can be measured by a ruler to be used as an accurate reference of the osteotomy amount, and if the osteotomy amount is abnormal, the corresponding adjustment can be carried out.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an accurate laser device who instructs osteotomy plane in artifical knee joint replacement art, includes connecting device (1), battery compartment (2), word line laser ware (3), magnet (4), inserted sheet (5), its characterized in that: install a word line laser instrument (3) on connecting device (1), install electromagnetism storehouse (2) on connecting device (1), install magnet (4) on connecting device (1), be provided with inserted sheet (5) on connecting device (1), inserted sheet (5) can firmly insert osteotomy groove (7) to osteotomy board (6).

2. The laser device for accurately indicating the osteotomy plane in the artificial knee joint replacement according to claim 1, wherein: battery compartment (2) include casing (8), casing (9), battery (10) and switch (11) down, go up casing (8) and connecting device (1) installation, casing (9) down is installed to the bottom of going up casing (8), install battery (10) down in casing (9), upward install switch (11) on casing (8).

3. The laser device for accurately indicating the osteotomy plane in the artificial knee joint replacement according to claim 1, wherein: a preformed hole (12) is formed in the connecting device (1), and a linear laser (3) is installed in the preformed hole (12).

4. The laser device for accurately indicating the osteotomy plane in the artificial knee joint replacement according to claim 1, wherein: the osteotomy plate (6) is provided with an osteotomy groove (7), and the osteotomy groove (7) is spliced with the insertion piece (5).

5. The laser device for accurately indicating the osteotomy plane in artificial knee replacement according to claim 4, wherein: the thickness of the inserting sheet (5) is 1.3-1.5mm, the width of the inserting sheet (5) is 1cm-3cm, and the size of the inserting sheet (5) is smaller than that of the osteotomy groove (7).

6. The laser device for accurately indicating the osteotomy plane in the artificial knee joint replacement according to claim 1, wherein: the connecting device (1) is W-shaped, the number of the linear lasers (3) is two, and the two linear lasers (3) are symmetrically arranged on the connecting device (1).

7. The laser device for accurately indicating the osteotomy plane in the artificial knee joint replacement according to claim 2, wherein: the linear laser (3) and the battery (10) in the battery bin (2) are connected with the switch (11) through a lead.

8. The laser device for accurately indicating the osteotomy plane in the artificial knee joint replacement according to claim 1, wherein: the number of the magnets (4) is two, and the two magnets (4) are symmetrically arranged on the connecting device (1).