CN114467442A

CN114467442A - Excitation flapping wing type biochar variable broadcast seeder

Info

Publication number: CN114467442A
Application number: CN202210164727.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 唐汉; 徐文龙; 王金武; 徐福东; 徐常塑; 王奇; 周文琪; 王金峰
Original assignee: Northeast Agricultural University
Current assignee: Northeast Agricultural University
Priority date: 2022-02-23
Filing date: 2022-02-23
Publication date: 2022-05-13

Abstract

An excitation flapping wing type biochar variable broadcast seeder belongs to agricultural machinery; the machine frame is respectively provided with a biochar broadcasting quantity adjusting mechanism consisting of a single chip microcomputer, a variable broadcasting speed adjusting motor, a tank body, a driving gear, a driven gear, a screw nut, a lead screw and a hole plug, a flapping-wing biochar broadcasting mechanism consisting of a broadcasting motor, a rotating disk, a driving block, a slideway shell, a driving monomer, a sliding block, a wavy broadcasting plate, a driving shaft and a follow-up shaft, and an excitation mechanism consisting of a damping shaft, a deflection extrusion sheet, an excitation column, a rubber head, a pressure spring, an excitation sleeve and a V-shaped limiting groove; the machine improves the flowing performance of the biochar in the tank body, ensures the reliability of the biochar broadcasting efficiency, conveniently realizes the adjustment and change of the biochar broadcasting quantity, and has the advantages of novel, unique, reasonable and compact structure, complete operation functions, high operation efficiency, good operation effect, reliable use, few faults and strong application capability.

Description

Excitation flapping wing type biochar variable broadcast seeder

Technical Field

The invention belongs to agricultural machinery, and mainly relates to a biochar organic fertilizer broadcasting machine.

Background

The biochar is an organic fertilizer. Along with the proposal and implementation of the policy of reducing the use amount of chemical fertilizers in recent years in China, the use amount of the biochar organic fertilizer begins to increase. Therefore, the development of the charcoal spraying machine is promoted on a schedule. The biochar has strong moisture absorption capacity, is easy to absorb moisture, greatly improves the viscosity of the biochar absorbing the moisture, and greatly reduces the flowing property, so that when the machine is used for sowing and applying, the biochar is adhered to the wall surface of the material box, and is difficult to smoothly discharge and drop onto the scattering component from the material box due to mutual adhesion, the existing scattering component is in a rotating mode, and the biochar is scattered on the field soil from the scattering component by utilizing the centrifugal force of the biochar, so that the scattering effect is poor, the scattering efficiency is low, the blockage is easy, and the failure rate is high. In addition, according to different crops and different land conditions, the spreading amount of the biochar is different, but the existing machine tool cannot conveniently meet the requirement of adjusting and changing the spreading amount of the biochar, and the applicability is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and develops and designs an excitation flapping wing type biochar variable-volume broadcaster by combining the actual needs of biochar broadcast mechanization operation, so that the aims of improving the biochar broadcast mechanization operation efficiency, reducing the fault rate of machine tool broadcast operation and expanding the adaptability of machine tool operation are fulfilled by promoting the improvement of biochar flowing performance and forcing the broadcast of biochar.

The invention aims to realize the following steps that a singlechip, a variable broadcast speed regulating motor, a tank body, a slideway shell and a broadcast motor are sequentially and fixedly arranged on a rack from top to bottom, a lead is used for respectively communicating the singlechip with the variable broadcast speed regulating motor and the broadcast motor, a driving gear is fixedly arranged on a motor shaft of the variable broadcast speed regulating motor, an upper wall plate and a lower wall plate of the tank body are respectively provided with a carbon inlet hole and a carbon outlet hole, a nut is fixedly arranged on the upper wall plate of the tank body, a lead screw is rotatably inserted and assembled in a threaded hole of the nut, a driven gear and a hole plug are respectively and fixedly arranged on the upper end part and the lower end part of the lead screw, the driven gear is meshed with the driving gear, the hole plug and the carbon outlet hole are in contact closed fit or separated from contact open fit, a rotating disc is rotatably assembled in a central through hole of the slideway shell, the rotating disc is fixedly arranged on the broadcast motor shaft, and a driving block is assembled on the eccentric part of the rotating disc, a driving monomer is clamped and installed on the middle part of the slide way shell and the position above the rotating disc in a way of reciprocating in the radial direction, a linear driving groove is arranged on the bottom wall surface of the driving monomer along the diameter line, the driving block is clamped and installed in the linear driving groove in a sliding way, a sliding block is clamped and installed on the slide way shell in a way of being mutually perpendicular to the reciprocating direction of the driving monomer and capable of reciprocating, a driving shaft is sequentially inserted on a wavy broadcasting plate and the driving monomer, the wavy broadcasting plate is hinged with the driving monomer in a way of reciprocating and connected with the driving monomer into a whole, a follow-up shaft is inserted on the wavy broadcasting plate and the sliding block, the wavy broadcasting plate is hinged with the sliding block, an excitation column is fixedly installed on the upper end part of the driving monomer, an excitation sleeve is sleeved on the excitation column in a way of moving up and down in the axial direction, a rubber head is fixedly installed on the upper end part of the excitation sleeve, a pressure spring is sleeved on the outer part of the excitation sleeve, the upper end and the lower end of the pressure spring are respectively in extrusion contact with the rubber head and the excitation column, a V-shaped limiting groove is formed in the outer wall surface of the lower side of the bottom wall of the tank body, the displacement extrusion piece is arranged in the V-shaped limiting groove in a reciprocating swinging mode through a damping shaft, and the displacement extrusion piece is in contact with or separated from the contact matching with the rubber head, so that the excitation flapping-wing type biochar variable-volume broadcast seeder is formed.

The invention creates a structural scheme that the tank body is continuously and repeatedly knocked by the excitation sleeve to generate self vibration, adopts the flapping-wing type reciprocating swing of the wavy broadcasting plate and the opening sizes of the hole plug and the charcoal outlet hole, promotes and improves the flowing performance of the biochar in the tank body and the reliability of the efficiency of broadcasting the biochar, reduces and avoids the adhesion and the blockage of the biochar, conveniently realizes the adjustment and the change of the broadcasting amount, and has the characteristics of novel, unique, reasonable and compact structure, complete operation function, high operation efficiency, good operation effect, reliable use, less faults and strong applicability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the general structure of an excitation flapping wing type biochar variable-rate spreader;

FIG. 2 is a schematic partially cross-sectional three-dimensional view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of an excitation column, a driving single body, a slide way body, a rotating disk, a motor, a slide block and a wavy broadcasting plate;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of portion B of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a bottom three-dimensional schematic view of the skid body of FIG. 3 with the skid body removed;

fig. 7 is a schematic view of a driving unit structure.

Description of part numbers in the figures:

1. the device comprises a rack, 2, a tank body, 3, a damping shaft, 4, a deflection extrusion sheet, 5, a driving monomer, 6, an excitation column, 7, a rubber head, 8, a driving block, 9, a broadcast sowing motor, 10, a rotating disk, 11, a slide way shell, 12, a slide block, 13, a wave-shaped broadcast sowing plate, 14, a pressure spring, 15, a V-shaped limiting groove, 16, a charcoal outlet hole, 17, a hole plug, 18, a nut, 19, a driven gear, 20, a variable broadcast sowing speed regulating motor, 21, a single chip microcomputer, 22, a driving gear, 23, a lead screw, 24, a charcoal inlet hole, 25, a driving shaft, 26, a driven shaft, 27, a linear driving groove, 28 and an excitation sleeve.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the inventive embodiments is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. An excitation flapping wing type biochar variable seed broadcaster is characterized in that a single chip microcomputer 21, a variable seed sowing speed regulating motor 20, a tank body 2, a slideway shell 11 and a seed sowing motor 9 are fixedly installed on a rack 1 from top to bottom in sequence, a lead is used for respectively communicating the single chip microcomputer 21 with the variable seed sowing speed regulating motor 20 and the seed sowing motor 9, a driving gear 22 is fixedly installed on a motor shaft of the variable seed sowing speed regulating motor 20, an upper wall plate and a lower wall plate of the tank body 2 are respectively provided with a carbon inlet hole 24 and a carbon outlet hole 16, a screw nut 18 is fixedly installed on the upper wall plate of the tank body 2, a lead screw 23 is rotatably inserted and assembled in a threaded hole of the screw nut 18, a driven gear 19 and a hole plug 17 are respectively and fixedly installed on the upper end part and the lower end part of the lead screw 23, the driven gear 19 is engaged with the driving gear 22, the hole plug 17 is assembled in close fit with the carbon outlet hole 16 in a contact manner or separated from the open fit manner, a rotary disk 10 is rotatably installed in a central through hole of the slideway shell 11, the rotary disk 10 is fixedly arranged on a motor shaft of a broadcast sowing motor 9, a driving block 8 is assembled on the eccentric position of the rotary disk 10, a driving monomer 5 is clamped and installed on the middle part of the slideway shell 11 and positioned above the rotary disk 10 in a manner of reciprocating in the radial direction, a linear driving groove 27 is formed in the bottom wall surface of the driving monomer 5 along the diameter line, the driving block 8 is slidably clamped and assembled in the linear driving groove 27, a sliding block 12 is clamped and assembled on the slideway shell 11 in a manner of being vertical to the reciprocating direction of the driving monomer 5 and capable of reciprocating, a driving shaft 25 is sequentially inserted on the wavy broadcast sowing plate 13 and the driving monomer 5, the wavy broadcast sowing plate 13 is hinged and connected with the driving monomer 5 in a manner of reciprocating, a follow-up shaft 26 is inserted on the wavy broadcast sowing plate 13 and the sliding block 12, the wavy broadcast sowing plate 13 is hinged and connected with the sliding block 12, an excitation column 6 is fixedly arranged on the upper end part of the driving monomer 5, the vibration exciting sleeve 28 is sleeved on the vibration exciting column 6 in an axially up-and-down moving mode, the rubber head 7 is fixedly installed at the upper end portion of the vibration exciting sleeve 28, the pressure spring 14 is sleeved on the outer portion of the vibration exciting sleeve 28, the upper end and the lower end of the pressure spring 14 are respectively in extrusion contact fit with the rubber head 7 and the vibration exciting column 6, a V-shaped limiting groove 15 is formed in the outer wall face of the lower side of the bottom wall of the tank body 2, the deflection extruding sheet 4 is installed in the V-shaped limiting groove 15 in a reciprocating swing mode through the damping shaft 3, and the deflection extruding sheet 4 is in contact or separated from contact fit with the rubber head 7.

When in operation and use, the biochar is sent into the tank body 2 from the charcoal inlet hole 24. Firstly, adjusting the spreading amount of the biochar: the single chip microcomputer 21 starts the variable broadcast sowing speed regulating motor 20 to rotate through a lead, the rotary driving gear 22 drives the screw rod 23 to rotate through the driven gear 19, the screw rod 23 drives the hole plug 17 to move upwards or downwards in the tank body 2 under the control of the fixed ground nut 18, the distance between the hole plug 17 and the charcoal outlet hole 16 on the lower wall plate of the tank body 2 is adjusted, namely the opening and closing degree of the charcoal outlet hole 16 is changed, and the biological charcoal broadcast sowing quantity adjustment is completed. (II) biochar broadcasting operation and vibration of the tank body 2: the single chip microcomputer 21 starts the broadcast sowing motor 9 through a wire to drive the rotating disc 10 to rotate, the driving block 8 on the rotating disc 10 enables the driving single body 5 to do linear reciprocating motion on the slideway shell 11 through the matching with the linear driving groove 27, and meanwhile, the driving single body 5 which does the linear reciprocating motion pushes and pulls the sliding block 12 to do the linear motion which is vertical to the motion direction of the driving single body 5 on the slideway shell 11 through the driving shaft 25, the wavy broadcast sowing plate 13 and the follow-up shaft 26, so that the wavy broadcast sowing plate 13 does the reciprocating swing motion, and the biochar falling from the carbon outlet 16 on the tank body 2 is forcibly broadcast and sown on the ground of the field to complete the biochar broadcasting operation; the drive monomer 5 of reciprocating linear motion drives the excitation sleeve 28, the pressure spring 14 and the rubber head 7 to do overall linear reciprocating motion through the excitation column 6, when the rubber head 7 is in contact with the displacement extrusion sheet 4, the pressure spring 14 is pressed through the rubber head 7 under the action of the displacement extrusion sheet 4, the excitation sleeve 28 retracts on the excitation column 6, when the rubber head 7 is in overall contact with the displacement extrusion sheet 4, the excitation sleeve 28 and the rubber head 7 rise rapidly under the action of the pressure spring 14, the rubber head 7 strikes the bottom of the tank body 2, the tank body 2 vibrates, the adhesion of biochar in the tank body 2 is avoided, and the flowing performance is improved. And sequentially and circularly repeating the vibration operation. Under the matching control of the damping shaft 3, the displacement extrusion sheet 4 can swing in the V-shaped limiting groove 15 in a reciprocating way, the action is accurate and reliable, and the stability of the vibration operation is ensured.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a excitation flapping wing formula biological charcoal variable volume broadcast seeder which characterized in that: fixedly mounting a singlechip (21), a variable broadcast sowing speed regulating motor (20), a tank body (2), a slideway shell (11) and a broadcast sowing motor (9) on a rack (1) from top to bottom in sequence, communicating the singlechip (21) with the variable broadcast sowing speed regulating motor (20) and the broadcast sowing motor (9) respectively through a lead, fixedly mounting a driving gear (22) on a motor shaft of the variable broadcast sowing speed regulating motor (20), respectively arranging a carbon inlet hole (24) and a carbon outlet hole (16) on an upper wall plate and a lower wall plate of the tank body (2), fixedly mounting a screw nut (18) on the upper wall plate of the tank body (2), rotatably inserting a lead screw (23) in a threaded hole of the screw nut (18), fixedly mounting a driven gear (19) and a hole plug (17) on the upper end part and the lower end part of the lead screw (23), meshing the driven gear (19) and the driving gear (22), wherein the hole plug (17) is in contact sealing fit with or in contact opening fit with the carbon outlet hole (16), a rotating disk (10) is rotatably assembled in a central through hole of the slide way shell (11), the rotating disk (10) is fixedly arranged on a motor shaft of a broadcast sowing motor (9), a driving block (8) is assembled on an eccentric part of the rotating disk (10), a driving single body (5) is assembled on the middle part of the slide way shell (11) and positioned above the rotating disk (10) in a clamping way and capable of radially reciprocating, a linear driving groove (27) is formed in the bottom wall surface of the driving single body (5) along the diameter line, the driving block (8) is slidably assembled in the linear driving groove (27) in a clamping way, a sliding block (12) is assembled on the slide way shell (11) and the driving single body (5) in a reciprocating way in a mutually vertical direction, the sliding block can reciprocate, a driving shaft (25) is sequentially inserted on the wavy broadcast sowing plate (13) and the driving single body (5), and the wavy broadcast plate (13) is hinged with the driving single body (5) in a reciprocating way to form a whole, the follow-up shaft (26) is inserted on the wavy broadcasting plate (13) and the sliding block (12) to hinge the wavy broadcasting plate (13) and the sliding block (12), the upper end part of the driving monomer (5) is fixedly provided with an excitation column (6), an excitation sleeve (28) is sleeved on the excitation column (6) in a way of axially moving up and down, a rubber head (7) is fixedly arranged on the upper end part of the excitation sleeve (28), a pressure spring (14) is sleeved on the outer part of the excitation sleeve (28), the upper end and the lower end of the pressure spring (14) are respectively in extrusion contact with the rubber head (7) and the excitation column (6), a V-shaped limiting groove (15) is arranged on the outer wall surface of the lower side of the bottom wall of the tank body (2), the displacement extrusion sheet (4) is arranged in the V-shaped limiting groove (15) in a reciprocating swinging manner through a damping shaft (3), the displacement extrusion sheet (4) is in contact with or separated from the rubber head (7) in a matching way.