CN114467385A - 一种灭根茬撒肥秸秆旋埋还田一体机 - Google Patents
一种灭根茬撒肥秸秆旋埋还田一体机 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种灭根茬撒肥秸秆旋埋还田一体机,包括机架与三点悬挂架,所述机架底部前端安装有立式灭根茬机构,其后部安装有撒肥机构,可进行肥料喷施,旋耕刀辊与弹齿机构安装在机具后部进行秸秆旋埋作业。在还田作业时,机具由拖拉机动力输出轴提供动力,立式灭茬机构将留茬与主根破碎,撒肥机构将各种肥料撒到地表,旋耕刀辊将大部分的秸秆与肥料旋埋到土壤中,弹齿机构可提高秸秆掩埋深度,降低浅层土壤中的秸秆数量,提高种床质量。整体作业过程连贯,通过一次进地即可实现粉碎根茬、撒肥、旋耕、秸秆压埋,工作效率高,省时省力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种农业器具,具体涉及一种灭根茬撒肥秸秆旋埋一体机。
背景技术
在农业生产中,传统的还田作业是先通过灭茬机将根与茬破碎,再通过秸秆还田机将秸秆旋埋到土壤当中;这种作业方式需要两次进地,作业量较大,效率较低,且无法喷施肥料提高秸秆腐解速率。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种灭根茬撒肥秸秆旋埋一体机,以解决现有技术中灭根茬、秸秆旋埋需两次进地作业、作业量大,无法喷施肥料的技术问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明所提供的一种灭根茬撒肥秸秆旋埋一体机的技术方案是:一种灭根茬撒肥秸秆旋埋一体机,包括机架2和三点悬挂架1,其特征在于所述机架2的底部前端并排安装有若干组立式灭茬机构,由立轴6、定刀板7、灭茬刀8、灭根刀9构成。所述撒肥机构由颗粒肥料施肥部分、液体施肥喷施部分以及粉末肥料施肥部分构成,所述颗粒肥料施肥部分由搅拌组合22、甩盘21、电机20、刮板23组成,搅拌组合22通过甩盘21与电机20相连,刮板23固连在搅拌组合22上,所述液体施肥喷施部分由增压泵25、喷头24组成,所述粉末肥料施肥部分由抖动板26、多向运动装置、毛刷辊27、电机20等组成,抖动板26通过多向运动装置连接在肥料箱11上,多向运动装置中的大锥齿轮33与电机20相连。整个撒肥机构通过螺栓安装在机架2上。所述旋耕刀辊由旋耕刀轴14与48把旋耕刀13构成,旋耕刀13通过螺栓与旋耕刀轴14连接。所述弹齿机构由弹齿19焊接在弹齿轴18构成。所述传动机构由拖拉机动力输出轴通过减速器A5将动力传递到机架2下方三个小变速箱4,由小变速箱4将动力传递到灭根茬机构,减速器A5后部与减速器B12前部由传动轴10相连,通过减速箱B12的齿轮可将动力传递到旋耕刀辊上,通过旋耕刀辊两端的链传动,将动力传递到弹齿轴18上,撒肥机构的动力则由单独的小型电机20驱动。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是一种灭根茬撒肥秸秆旋埋一体机,首先通过立式灭根茬机构可以对玉米残茬残根进行粉碎处理,撒肥机构将各种肥料进行喷施,通过旋耕刀辊可以将秸秆、肥料旋埋入土壤当中,提高土壤中的营养成分,弹齿机构可将秸秆压埋至较深的土壤区域,提高秸秆在土壤中的分布均匀性。该机具可一次完成灭根茬、撒肥、旋耕、秸秆还田工序,工作效率高、省时省力。
附图说明
图1为本发明所提供的灭根茬撒肥秸秆旋埋一体机的结构示意图;
图2为本发明所提供的动力传动系统的结构示意图;
图3是本发明所提供的灭根茬机构的结构示意图。
图4是本发明所提供的撒肥机构的结构示意图;
图5是本发明所提供的撒肥机构的半剖视图;
图6是本发明所提供的多向运动装置结构示意图;
图7是本发明所提供的旋耕—弹齿机构的结构示意图。
图中件号说明:
1、三点悬挂架2、机架3、小变速箱4、传动轴A 5、减速器A 6、立轴7、定刀板8、灭茬刀9、灭根刀10、传动轴11、肥料箱12、减速器B13、旋耕刀14、旋耕刀轴15、链轮A16、链条17、链轮B18、弹齿轴19、弹齿20、电机21、甩盘22、搅拌组合23、刮板24、喷头25、增压泵26、抖动板27、毛刷辊28、开关29、连接杆d 30、曲柄31、小锥齿轮32、轴套组合a 33、大锥齿轮34、轴套组合b 35、连接板36、连接杆a 37、连接杆b 38、连接杆c
具体实施方式
一种灭根茬撒肥秸秆旋埋一体机,三点悬挂架1、减速器A 5、减速器B12用螺栓与机架2相连,减速器A 5的齿轮组A通过传动轴A4与小变速箱3内的齿轮啮合,立式灭根茬机构通过齿轮组与小变速箱4连接。撒肥机构由颗粒肥料施肥部分、液体施肥喷施部分以及粉末肥料施肥部分构成,所述颗粒肥料施肥部分由搅拌组合22、甩盘21、电机20、刮板23组成,搅拌组合22通过甩盘21与电机20相连,搅拌组合22对粘结在一起的肥料起到搅拌作用,刮板23固连在搅拌组合22上,随着搅拌组合22的旋转,刮板23转动与肥料箱11的半圆形肥料输出端口交错形成肥料的间断输出,而且刮板23也起着防止肥料堵塞的作用,所述液体施肥喷施部分由开关28、增压泵25、喷头24依次连接在肥料箱11上,所述粉末肥料施肥部分由抖动板26、多向运动装置、毛刷辊27、电机20等组成,抖动板26通过多向运动装置连接在肥料箱11上,多向运动装置中的大锥齿轮33与电机20相连,毛刷辊27的一端与电机20连接,所述毛刷辊27与抖动板26起防止粉末肥料堵塞的作用,多向运动装置中大锥齿轮33与小锥齿轮31啮合,连接杆a 36与连接杆b 37的一端连接在连接杆c 38上,另一端连接在连接板35上,连接板35通过轴套组合a 32安装在大锥齿轮轴上,连接杆d 29一端与连接杆c 38连接,一端与曲柄30连接,曲柄30与小锥齿轮31通过轴连接,大锥齿轮轴与小锥齿轮轴之间通过轴套组合b 34连接,抖动板26固连在连接杆c 38上。减速器A 5通过传动轴10与减速器B12相连,减速器B12通过齿轮与旋耕刀轴14相连,旋耕刀13通过螺栓与旋耕刀轴14相连,弹齿19焊接在弹齿轴18上构成弹齿机构,旋耕刀轴14与弹齿轴18两端分别安装链轮A15与链轮B17,通过链条16相连。
工作原理:通过减速器A 5的齿轮与小变速箱4将动力传递到立式灭根茬机构,通过灭根茬机构将玉米残根残茬进行粉碎处理。撒肥机构的颗粒肥料施肥部分在电机20的带动下,搅拌组合22转动,甩盘21旋转将颗粒状肥料喷撒至地表,打开液体施肥喷施部分的开关28,在增压泵25的作用下液体肥料喷施至地表,电机20的旋转驱动多向运动装置的大锥齿轮33转动,从而使四杆机构往复摆动,抖动板26进行多向运动,在抖动板26以及毛刷辊27的双重防堵作用下,将粉末状肥料撒至地表。减速器A 5通过传动轴10将动力传递到减速器B12,减速器B12通过齿轮将动力传递到旋耕刀轴14,通过旋耕刀13的回转运动,将地表的秸秆与肥料旋埋到土壤当中,通过旋耕刀轴14与弹齿轴18两端的链轮A15、链条16与链轮B17,动力传递到弹齿轴18,弹齿19通过回转运动,将地表以及土壤较浅区域的秸秆压至到较深的土壤区域。
Claims (3)
1.一种灭根茬撒肥秸秆旋埋还田一体机,包括机架2和三点悬挂架1,其特征在于,所述机架2的底部并排安装有若干组立式灭根茬机构,撒肥机构位于立式灭茬机构的后上方,旋耕刀辊位于立式灭茬机构的正后方,弹齿机构位于旋耕刀辊后方。所述的机架2上还安装有动力传动系统,所述的动力传动系统与立式灭根茬机构和旋耕刀辊相连,撒肥机构采用单独的传动系统。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种灭根茬撒肥秸秆旋埋还田一体机,其特征在于,所述的撒肥机构包括颗粒肥料施肥部分、液体施肥喷施部分以及粉末肥料施肥部分,所述颗粒肥料施肥部分中的搅拌组合22通过甩盘21与电机20相连,刮板23固连在搅拌组合22上,所述粉末肥料施肥部分的抖动板26通过多向运动装置连接在肥料箱11上,多向运动装置中的大锥齿轮33与电机20相连,整个肥料箱11通过螺栓连接在机架2上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种灭根茬撒肥秸秆旋埋还田一体机,其特征在于,所述的动力传动系统包括减速器A5与减速器B12,减速器A5与拖拉机动力输出轴相连,并且减速器A5通过三个小变速箱4将动力传递到灭根茬机构,减速器A5与减速器B12通过传动轴10相连,通过减速器B12的齿轮组将动力传到旋耕刀辊,并通过两侧的链传动将动力传递到弹齿机构。
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