CN114465601A - Filter, duplexer and multiplexer - Google Patents
Filter, duplexer and multiplexer Download PDFInfo
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- CN114465601A CN114465601A CN202210381256.6A CN202210381256A CN114465601A CN 114465601 A CN114465601 A CN 114465601A CN 202210381256 A CN202210381256 A CN 202210381256A CN 114465601 A CN114465601 A CN 114465601A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H11/00—Networks using active elements
- H03H11/02—Multiple-port networks
- H03H11/04—Frequency selective two-port networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H11/00—Networks using active elements
- H03H11/02—Multiple-port networks
- H03H11/36—Networks for connecting several sources or loads, working on the same frequency band, to a common load or source
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H11/00—Networks using active elements
- H03H11/02—Multiple-port networks
- H03H11/36—Networks for connecting several sources or loads, working on the same frequency band, to a common load or source
- H03H11/365—Networks for connecting several sources or loads, working on the same frequency band, to a common load or source particularly adapted as input circuit for receivers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H11/00—Networks using active elements
- H03H11/02—Multiple-port networks
- H03H11/36—Networks for connecting several sources or loads, working on the same frequency band, to a common load or source
- H03H11/367—Networks for connecting several sources or loads, working on the same frequency band, to a common load or source particularly adapted as coupling circuit between transmitters and antenna
Abstract
The present invention provides a filter comprising: the series branch comprises an input port, an output port and one or more first resonance units connected in series between the input port and the output port; a plurality of parallel branches arranged between the nodes of the series branches and ground; a matching unit including an input matching circuit and an output matching circuit; a first end and a second end of the second resonance unit are respectively connected to an input end and an output end of one of the first resonance units, and a third end of the second resonance unit is grounded; the parallel branch circuit at least comprises a first parallel branch circuit and a second parallel branch circuit, wherein the first parallel branch circuit and the first end of the second resonant unit are connected to the same node, and the second parallel branch circuit and the second end of the second resonant unit are connected to the same node; the filter comprises two or more inductors, wherein at least two inductors in all the inductors are coupled, and the coupling at least comprises the inductive coupling between the input matching circuit and the output matching circuit. The invention also provides a duplexer and a multiplexer. The filter provided by the invention has the characteristics of high suppression and low insertion loss.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electronic communication devices, in particular to a filter, a duplexer and a multiplexer.
Background
A filter is a frequency selection device, and is widely used in the field of wireless communication. The existing filter is mainly composed of a series branch, a plurality of parallel branches and a matching inductor. The series branch comprises an input port, an output port and a plurality of series resonators connected in series between the input port and the output port, and the series resonators have the same resonant frequency; a plurality of parallel branches are connected between a series branch and the ground, wherein the parallel branches are generally composed of parallel resonators and a grounding inductor, the parallel resonators in the parallel branches have the same resonance frequency, and the resonance frequency of the parallel resonators is different from the resonance frequency of the series resonators, thereby constituting the pass band of the filter; the matching inductor is arranged at the input port and/or the output port.
The circuit structure of a conventional filter is described with a specific embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the filter includes an input port 10a, an output port 10b, series resonators 11 to 13, parallel branches a to D, and matching inductors 51 to 52. Wherein the series resonators 11 to 13 are connected in series between the input port 10a and the output port 10b in this order. The parallel branch a includes a parallel resonator 21 and a ground inductance 31, one end of the parallel resonator 21 is connected to a node between the input port 10a and the series resonator 11, and the other end is connected to ground through the ground inductance 31; the parallel branch B includes a parallel resonator 22 and a grounding inductance 32, one end of the parallel resonator 22 is connected to a node between the series resonator 11 and the series resonator 12, and the other end is connected to the ground through the grounding inductance 32; the parallel branch C includes a parallel resonator 23 and a ground inductance 33, one end of the parallel resonator 23 is connected to a node between the series resonator 12 and the series resonator 13, and the other end is connected to ground through the ground inductance 33; the parallel branch D includes a parallel resonator 24, one end of which is connected to a node between the series resonator 13 and the output port 10b, and the other end of which is connected to the ground through the ground inductance 34, and a ground inductance 34. One end of the matching inductor 51 is connected to the input port 10a, and the other end is grounded; the matching inductor 52 has one end connected to the output port 10b and the other end grounded.
As technology develops, existing wireless communication devices place increasing demands on filters, including the need for filters with high rejection levels. In order to increase the suppression degree of the filter, the conventional solutions mainly include increasing the order of the filter, changing the cascading mode of the filter, and the like. These methods can improve the degree of suppression of the filter to some extent, but at the same time, cause deterioration of filter insertion loss (i.e., insertion loss). At present, in the prior art, more than all, the suppression degree of a filter is improved by introducing an inductive coupling mode into a filter circuit, and there are two conventional inductive coupling modes, one is inductive coupling between a matching circuit and a parallel branch, however, this mode can only improve the suppression degree of the high-frequency side of the passband of the filter, but cannot improve the suppression degree of the low-frequency side of the passband filter and passband characteristics. Another way is to add a special branch outside the parallel branch, and use the inductive coupling between the special branch and the parallel branch, however, this method introduces a large inductance in the special branch, which results in poor insertion loss of the filter.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention provides a filter comprising:
a series branch comprising an input port, an output port, and one or more first resonant cells connected in series between the input port and the output port, each of the first resonant cells comprising at least a series resonator;
a plurality of parallel branches disposed between a node of the series branch and ground, wherein each of the parallel branches includes at least a parallel resonator;
a matching unit including an input matching circuit connected between the input port and ground, and an output matching circuit connected between the output port and ground;
a second resonance unit including a first end, a second end and a third end, the first end and the second end being connected to an input end and an output end of one of the first resonance units, respectively, the third end being connected to ground;
the parallel branch at least comprises a first parallel branch and a second parallel branch, the first ends of the first parallel branch and the second resonance unit are connected to the same node of the series branch, and the second ends of the second parallel branch and the second resonance unit are connected to the same node of the series branch; the filter comprises two or more inductors, wherein at least two inductors in all the inductors are coupled, and the coupling at least comprises the inductive coupling between the input matching circuit and the output matching circuit.
According to an aspect of the present invention, in the filter, the number of the first resonance units is three or more, wherein the first resonance unit connected to the input port is a head first resonance unit, the first resonance unit connected to the output port is a tail first resonance unit, and the first resonance unit located between the head first resonance unit and the tail first resonance unit is a middle first resonance unit; the first and second ends of the second resonant unit are connected to the input and output ends of one of the middle first resonant units, respectively.
According to another aspect of the present invention, in the filter, the second resonance unit includes a first resonator, a second resonator, and a unit grounding inductor, one end of the first resonator and one end of the second resonator are respectively used as a first end and a second end of the second resonance unit, the other end of the first resonator and the other end of the second resonator are connected, one end of the inductor is connected to a connection node between the first resonator and the second resonator, and the other end of the inductor is used as a third end of the second resonance unit.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, in the filter, the resonance frequency of the first resonator and the second resonator is the same as or close to the resonance frequency of the series resonator.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, in the filter, the first resonance unit includes only a single series resonator; or the first resonance unit is a combined circuit of a series resonator and an inductor; or the first resonance unit is a combined circuit of a series resonator and a capacitor; or the first resonance unit is a combined circuit of a series resonator, an inductor and a capacitor.
According to a further aspect of the invention, in the filter, at least one of the parallel branches further comprises a branch ground inductor, which is arranged between the parallel resonator in the parallel branch in which the branch ground inductor is located and ground.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, in the filter, when the number of the parallel branches including the branch grounding inductance is two or more, at least two parallel resonators among the parallel branches are connected to the ground through the same branch grounding inductance.
According to yet another aspect of the invention, in the filter, the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch each include a branch grounding inductor.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, in the filter, each of the input matching circuit and the output matching circuit includes only a single inductance, wherein the inductance in the input matching circuit is a first matching inductance and the inductance in the output matching circuit is a second matching inductance.
According to yet another aspect of the invention, in the filter, there is a coupling between the first matching inductance and the second matching inductance; the unit grounding inductor is coupled with the first matching inductor, or the unit grounding inductor is coupled with the second matching inductor, or the unit grounding inductor is coupled with the first matching inductor and the second matching inductor respectively.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, in the filter, there is coupling between the first matching inductor, the second matching inductor, and the unit grounding inductor in pairs, coupling between the first matching inductor and a branch grounding inductor in the first parallel branch, and coupling between two branch grounding inductors in the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, in the filter, the series resonator, the parallel resonator, the first resonator, and the second resonator are formed on a front surface of a chip wafer, and the inductor in the matching unit and the unit ground inductor are formed in a package substrate, wherein the chip wafer and a cap wafer are disposed with their front surfaces facing each other, and a back surface of the cap wafer is disposed on the package substrate.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, in the filter, the shunt ground inductor is formed in a redistribution layer on the back surface of the cap wafer and/or in a package substrate.
The invention also provides a duplexer, which comprises a transmitting filter and a receiving filter, wherein the transmitting filter and/or the receiving filter are/is realized by adopting the filter.
The invention also provides a multiplexer, which comprises the wave device.
The filter provided by the invention comprises a series branch (comprising an input port, an output port and one or more first resonant units connected in series between the two ports), a parallel branch, a matching unit (comprising an input matching circuit connected between the input port and the ground and an output matching circuit connected between the output port and the ground), and a second resonant unit, wherein the second resonant unit comprises a first end, a second end and a third end, the first end and the second end are respectively connected to the input end and the output end of one of the first resonant units, and the third end is connected with the ground. The parallel branch comprises a first parallel branch connected with the first end of the second resonant unit to the same node and a second parallel branch connected with the second end of the second resonant unit to the same node. In addition, the filter provided by the invention comprises two or more than two inductors, at least two inductors in all the inductors are coupled, and the coupling at least comprises the inductive coupling between the input matching circuit and the output matching circuit. The filter provided by the invention can effectively improve out-of-band rejection (including rejection of the out-of-band high-frequency side and the low-frequency side), and meanwhile, the insertion loss is not deteriorated.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a conventional filter in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a filter according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a filter according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a filter according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a filter according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a filter according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an S-parameter simulation curve for the filter of FIG. 3;
FIG. 10 is an S-parameter simulation curve for the filter of FIG. 4;
fig. 11 is an S-parameter simulation curve of the filter shown in fig. 6.
The same or similar reference numbers in the drawings identify the same or similar elements.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding and explanation of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the present invention as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.
The present invention provides a filter comprising:
a series branch comprising an input port, an output port, and one or more first resonant cells connected in series between the input port and the output port, each of the first resonant cells comprising at least a series resonator;
a plurality of parallel branches disposed between a node of the series branch and ground, wherein each of the parallel branches includes at least a parallel resonator;
a matching unit including an input matching circuit connected between the input port and ground, and an output matching circuit connected between the output port and ground;
a second resonance unit including a first end, a second end and a third end, the first end and the second end being connected to an input end and an output end of one of the first resonance units, respectively, the third end being connected to ground;
the parallel branch at least comprises a first parallel branch and a second parallel branch, the first ends of the first parallel branch and the second resonance unit are connected to the same node of the series branch, and the second ends of the second parallel branch and the second resonance unit are connected to the same node of the series branch; the filter comprises two or more inductors, wherein at least two inductors in all the inductors are coupled, and the coupling at least comprises the inductive coupling between the input matching circuit and the output matching circuit.
The respective components of the above-described filter will be described in detail below.
Specifically, the filter provided by the invention comprises a series branch. In this embodiment, the series branch comprises an input port, an output port, and one or more first resonant cells. The input port is used for inputting a signal to be filtered; the output port is used for outputting the signal with the specific frequency obtained after filtering; one or more first resonant cells are connected in series between the input port and the output port. In this embodiment, each first resonant unit includes at least a series resonator. The present invention does not set any limit to the specific structure of the first resonance unit. Typically, the first resonance unit may include only a single series resonator, may be a combined circuit of a series resonator and an inductor (e.g., a series/parallel circuit of a series resonator and an inductor, etc.), may be a combined circuit of a series resonator and a capacitor (e.g., a series/parallel circuit of a series resonator and a capacitor, etc.), may be a combined circuit of a series resonator and an inductor and a capacitor, etc. It should be noted that all the first resonant units may have the same structure (for example, all the first resonant units are formed by only a single series resonator), or some of the first resonant units may have the same structure, or even all the first resonant units may have different structures. The specific structure of each first resonance unit can be correspondingly formulated according to actual design requirements.
Preferably, the number of the first resonance units is equal to or greater than three. In the case where the number of the first resonance units is equal to or greater than three, the first resonance unit connected to the input port is hereinafter referred to as a head first resonance unit, the first resonance unit connected to the output port is hereinafter referred to as a tail first resonance unit, and the first resonance unit located between the head first resonance unit and the tail first resonance unit is hereinafter referred to as a middle first resonance unit.
The filter provided by the invention also comprises a plurality of parallel branches, wherein each parallel branch is arranged between the node of the series branch and the ground, namely one end of each parallel branch is connected to the node of the series branch, and the other end of each parallel branch is grounded. When the series branch comprises only one first resonator element, the node of the series branch comprises the first resonator element and the nodes between the input port and the output port. When the series branch comprises two or more first resonant units, the nodes of the series branch comprise nodes between the input port and the adjacent first resonant unit thereof, nodes between the adjacent two first resonant units, and nodes between the output port and the adjacent first resonant unit thereof. In this embodiment, the number of the parallel branches is equal to the number of the nodes of the series branches, and the parallel branches and the nodes of the series branches are in one-to-one correspondence, that is, one end of each parallel branch is connected to the corresponding node, and the other end is grounded. In other embodiments, the nodes of the parallel branches and the nodes of the series branches may not correspond to each other, and this document does not limit this, and may be formulated according to actual design requirements.
In this embodiment, each parallel branch comprises at least a parallel resonator. In the first case, each parallel branch comprises only a parallel resonator. The second case is that at least one of the parallel branches comprises an inductance (hereinafter referred to as branch ground inductance) in addition to the parallel resonator. For the second case, there are two further possibilities, one is that each parallel branch includes both a parallel resonator and a branch grounding inductor, the other is that part of the parallel branches includes only a parallel resonator, and the rest of the parallel branches include both a parallel resonator and a branch grounding inductor. For a parallel branch only comprising a parallel resonator, one end of the parallel resonator in the parallel branch is connected to a corresponding node of the series branch, and the other end of the parallel resonator is grounded; for a parallel branch including both a parallel resonator and a branch grounding inductance, one end of the parallel resonator in the parallel branch is connected to a corresponding node of the series branch, and the other end is connected to ground through the branch grounding inductance, that is, the branch grounding inductance is disposed between the parallel resonator and ground. It should be noted here that the branch grounding inductor may be an independent inductor, that is, one end of the branch grounding inductor is connected to only one parallel resonator, and the other end of the branch grounding inductor is grounded. The branch grounding inductor may also be a common inductor, that is, one end of the branch grounding inductor is connected to the parallel resonators connected to N (N is greater than or equal to 2) different nodes of the series branch, and the other end of the branch grounding inductor is grounded. Further, when the number of the parallel branches including the branch grounding inductors is greater than or equal to two, for the part of the parallel branches including the branch grounding inductors, the branch grounding inductors in all the parallel branches may be independent inductors, or the branch grounding inductors in part of the parallel branches may be common inductors, and the branch grounding inductors in other parallel branches may be independent inductors. The invention is not limited in this respect, and can be made accordingly according to the actual design requirements.
The filter provided by the invention also comprises a matching unit, wherein the matching unit comprises an input matching circuit and an output matching circuit at the same time, or only comprises the input matching circuit, or only comprises the output matching circuit. One end of the input matching circuit is connected to the input port, and the other end is grounded. The output matching circuit has one end connected to the output port and the other end grounded. Furthermore, the matching unit in the present invention needs to be provided with at least an inductance. Specifically, in the case where the matching unit includes both the input matching circuit and the output matching circuit, only the inductance may be provided in the input matching circuit or only the inductance may be provided in the output matching circuit, or both the input matching circuit and the output matching circuit may be provided with the inductance. For the case where the matching unit includes only an input matching circuit, an inductance is provided in the input matching circuit. For the case that the matching unit only includes the output matching circuit, an inductor is provided in the output matching circuit. In a preferred embodiment, the matching unit comprises both an input matching circuit and an output matching circuit, wherein the input matching circuit and the output matching circuit are both formed by a single inductor. The input matching circuit and the output matching circuit (1) may have the same or different configurations. (2) The input matching circuit and the output matching circuit are both formed by a single inductor, which is only a preferred embodiment, and in other embodiments, the input matching circuit and the output matching circuit can be correspondingly formulated according to actual design requirements.
For convenience of description, the inductance is referred to as a first matching inductance for a case where the inductance is provided in the input matching circuit, and is referred to as a second matching inductance for a case where the inductance is provided in the output matching circuit.
The filter provided by the invention also comprises a second resonance unit which is arranged at two ends of one first resonance unit in the series branch. Specifically, the second resonant unit comprises a first end, a second end and a third end, wherein the first end is connected to the input end of one of the first resonant units, the second end is connected to the output end of the same first resonant unit, and the third end is connected with the ground. In a preferred embodiment, the second resonance unit includes a first resonator, a second resonator, and a ground inductor (hereinafter, referred to as a unit ground inductor), wherein one end of the first resonator and one end of the second resonator are respectively used as a first end and a second end of the second resonance unit, the other end of the first resonator and the other end of the second resonator are connected, and one end of the unit ground inductor is connected to a connection node between the first resonator and the second resonator and the other end is grounded. That is, one end of the first resonator is connected to the input terminal of one first resonance unit in the series branch, one end of the second resonator is connected to the output terminal of the same first resonance unit, and the other end of the first resonator and the other end of the second resonator are connected to the ground through the unit ground inductance. It should be noted that (1) the second resonance unit includes the first resonator, the second resonator, and the unit grounding inductor, which is only a preferred embodiment, and in other embodiments, the second resonance unit may also be set according to actual design requirements. (2) The second resonant cells may be arranged at both ends of any first resonant cell in the series branch. When the number of the first resonance units is equal to or greater than three, it is preferable that the second resonance units are disposed at both ends of the middle first resonance unit. For example, when the number of the first resonance units is equal to three, the first resonance unit a, the first resonance unit B, and the first resonance unit C are arranged in this order from the input port to the output port, and the resonance units are preferably arranged at both ends of the first resonance unit B. For another example, when the number of the first resonance units is equal to four, the first resonance unit a, the first resonance unit B, the first resonance unit C, and the first resonance unit D are arranged in this order from the input port to the output port, and the resonance units are preferably disposed at both ends of the first resonance unit B or the first resonance unit C. (3) In this embodiment, the resonance frequencies of the first resonator and the second resonator in the second resonance unit are the same as or close to the resonance frequency of the series resonator. Regarding the first resonator (or the second resonator), when the difference of the resonant frequency between the first resonator (or the second resonator) and the series resonator falls within the allowable range of process error, the resonant frequencies of the first resonator (or the second resonator) and the series resonator are considered to be the same; when the difference value of the resonant frequency between the first resonator (or the second resonator) and the series resonator exceeds the allowable range of process errors and the absolute value of the difference value is smaller than a preset threshold value (for example, 10 MHz), the resonant frequencies of the first resonator and the series resonator are considered to be close.
The filter at least comprises two or more inductors, wherein coupling exists between at least two inductors in all the inductors, and at least one inductor in the coupled inductors is arranged in the matching unit. That is, the presence of the coupled inductance includes one or both of the first matching inductance and the second matching inductance.
For the case where the filter includes only the first and second matching inductances, there is coupling between the first and second matching inductances.
For the case where the filter includes only the first matching inductance and the cell ground inductance, there is coupling between the first matching inductance and the cell ground inductance. For the case that the filter only includes the second matching inductor and the unit grounding inductor, similar to the case that the filter only includes the first matching inductor and the unit grounding inductor, the details are not repeated herein for the sake of brevity.
For the case where the filter includes only the first matching inductance and one branch ground inductance, there is coupling between the first matching inductance and the branch ground inductance. For the case that the filter only includes the second matching inductor and one branch grounding inductor, similar to the case that the filter only includes the first matching inductor and one branch grounding inductor, for the sake of brevity, the details are not repeated herein.
For the case that the filter only includes the first matching inductor and the plurality of branch ground inductors, there may be a coupling between the first matching inductor and one or more branch ground inductors, and a coupling between at least two branch ground inductors. For the case that the filter only includes the second matching inductor and the plurality of branch grounding inductors, the description is omitted here for the sake of brevity, similar to the case that the filter only includes the first matching inductor and the plurality of branch grounding inductors.
For the case that the filter only includes the first matching inductor, the second matching inductor, and the unit grounding inductor, there may be coupling between the first matching inductor and the second matching inductor and between the first matching inductor and the unit grounding inductor, there may be coupling between the second matching inductor and the first matching inductor and between the second matching inductor and the unit grounding inductor, or there may be coupling between the first matching inductor, the second matching inductor, and the unit grounding inductor in pairs.
In the case where the filter includes the first matching inductor, the second matching inductor, the cell ground inductor, and one or more branch ground inductors, since there are many possibilities, all possibilities cannot be enumerated here, as long as there is a coupled inductor including one or both of the first matching inductor and the second matching inductor. In a preferred embodiment, the matching unit comprises both the first matching inductance and the second matching inductance. The second resonance unit comprises a first resonator, a second resonator and a unit grounding inductor, wherein the first parallel branch and the first resonator are connected to the same node of the series branch, and the second parallel branch and the second resonator are connected to the same node of the series branch. In addition, a first resonance unit, to which an input terminal and an output terminal are connected with a second resonance unit, is provided with parallel branches between the input terminal and the ground and between the output terminal and the ground, respectively, and the parallel branches include a branch ground inductance in addition to the parallel resonator, and hereinafter, the parallel branch provided at the input terminal of the first resonance unit is referred to as a first parallel branch, and the parallel branch provided at the output terminal of the first resonance unit is referred to as a second parallel branch. That is, the first ends of the first parallel branch and the second resonant unit are connected to the same node of the series branch, and the second ends of the second parallel branch and the second resonant unit are connected to the same node of the series branch. And the first matching inductor and the second matching inductor are coupled, and the unit grounding inductor and the first matching inductor are coupled. Or, there is coupling between the first matching inductor and the second matching inductor, and there is coupling between the cell ground inductor and the second matching inductor. Or, there is coupling between the first matching inductor and the second matching inductor, and there is coupling between the unit grounding inductor and the first matching unit and the second matching inductor, respectively. Or, coupling exists between the first matching inductor, the second matching inductor and the unit grounding inductor in pairs, coupling exists between the first matching inductor and the branch grounding inductor in the first parallel branch, and coupling exists between the two branch grounding inductors in the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch. Or, there is coupling between the first matching inductor and the branch grounding inductor in the first parallel branch, and there is coupling between two branch grounding inductors in the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch. It should be noted that the above embodiment is only a preferred embodiment, and it should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and in other embodiments, the branch grounding inductor having coupling may be located in other parallel branches than the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch.
The filter provided by the invention comprises a series branch, a parallel branch, a matching unit provided with an inductor and a second resonance unit arranged at two ends of a first resonance unit in the series branch, and at least one inductor in the matching unit in the filter is coupled with other inductors through reasonable design. The arrangement of the first resonance unit and the coupling between the inductors can effectively improve the out-of-band rejection of the filter, and the filter insertion loss can not be deteriorated.
The filter provided by the present invention is explained below with specific examples. In the following specific embodiment, the first resonant unit is composed of only a single series resonator, the matching unit includes both the input matching circuit and the output matching circuit, and both the input matching circuit and the output matching circuit are composed of a single inductor, and the second resonant unit is composed of the first resonator, the second resonator, and a unit grounding inductor.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a filter according to an embodiment of the invention. As shown, the filter includes an input port 100a, an output port 100b, and three series resonators in series between the input port 100a and the output port 100b, the three series resonators being a series resonator 101, a series resonator 102, and a series resonator 103 in this order from the input port 100a to the output port 100 b. The filter also comprises four parallel branches (hereinafter denoted as parallel branches a to D). The parallel branch A is composed of a parallel resonator 201, one end of the parallel resonator 201 is connected to a node between the input port 100a and the series resonator 101 on the series branch, and the other end is grounded; the parallel branch B is formed by a parallel resonator 202, one end of the parallel resonator 202 is connected to a node between the series resonator 101 and the series resonator 102 on the series branch, and the other end is grounded; the parallel branch C is composed of a parallel resonator 203, one end of the parallel resonator 203 is connected to a node between the series resonator 102 and the series resonator 103 on the series branch, and the other end is grounded; the parallel arm D is constituted by a parallel resonator 204, and one end of the parallel resonator 204 is connected to a node between the series resonator 103 and the output port 100b on the series arm and the other end is grounded. The filter further comprises a first matching inductance 301 and a second matching inductance 302, wherein one end of the first matching inductance 301 is connected to a node on the series branch between the input port 100a and the series resonator 101, and the other end is grounded; the second matching inductance 302 has one end connected to a node between the output port 100b and the series resonator 103 on the series branch and the other end grounded. The filter further comprises a second resonance unit 40, which second resonance unit 40 comprises a first resonator 401, a second resonator 402 and a unit ground inductance 403, wherein one end of the first resonator 401 is connected to the input of the series resonator 102 (i.e. the node between the series resonator 101 and the series resonator 102 in the series branch), one end of the second resonator 402 is connected to the output of the series resonator 102 (i.e. the node between the series resonator 102 and the series resonator 103 in the series branch), and the first resonator 401 and the second resonator 402 are connected to ground via the unit ground inductance 403. There is a coupling between the first matching inductance 301 and the second matching inductance 302, and a coupling between the first matching inductance 301 and the cell ground inductance 403.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a filter according to another embodiment of the invention. Fig. 3 differs from fig. 2 in that the parallel arms a to D include arm ground inductances in addition to the parallel resonators, wherein the parallel resonator 201 in the parallel arm a and the parallel resonator 202 in the parallel arm B are connected to ground through a common arm ground inductance 501; the parallel resonator 203 in the parallel branch C is connected to ground through the independent branch ground inductor 502; the parallel resonator 204 in the parallel branch D is connected to ground through the independent branch ground inductance 503. The inductive coupling aspect fig. 3 is the same as fig. 2, i.e. there is coupling between the first matching inductance 301 and the second matching inductance 302, and there is coupling between the first matching inductance 301 and the cell ground inductance 403.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a filter according to another embodiment of the invention. Fig. 4 differs from fig. 3 in the circuit configuration in the way of inductive coupling, in which, in the filter shown in fig. 4, there is coupling between the first matching inductor 301 and the second matching inductor 302, and there is coupling between the second matching inductor 302 and the cell ground inductor 403.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a filter according to another embodiment of the invention. Fig. 5 differs from fig. 3 in the circuit configuration in the way of inductive coupling, in which, in the filter shown in fig. 5, there is coupling between the first matching inductor 301 and the second matching inductor 302, coupling between the first matching inductor 301 and the element grounding inductor 403, and coupling between the second matching inductor 302 and the element grounding inductor 403.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a filter according to another embodiment of the invention. Fig. 6 differs from fig. 3 in the circuit configuration in the way of inductive coupling, in which, in the filter shown in fig. 6, there is coupling between the first matching inductor 301 and the branch ground inductor 501, and there is coupling between the branch ground inductor 501 and the branch ground inductor 502.
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a filter according to another embodiment of the invention. Fig. 7 differs from fig. 3 in the circuit configuration in the way of inductive coupling, in which, in the filter shown in fig. 7, there is coupling between the first matching inductor 301 and the second matching inductor 302, coupling between the first matching inductor 301 and the cell ground inductor 403, coupling between the second matching inductor 302 and the cell ground inductor 403, coupling between the first matching inductor 301 and the branch ground inductor 501, and coupling between the branch ground inductor 501 and the branch ground inductor 502.
The product structure of the filter and the implementation of the inductive coupling will be described with reference to fig. 8.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, as shown in the figure, the product structure of the filter includes a chip wafer 1, a cap wafer 2, a package substrate 3, a sealing wall 4 and bumps 5. The chip wafer 1 comprises a front surface 1a and a back surface 1b, the sealing cap wafer 2 comprises a front surface 2a and a back surface 2b, the front surfaces of the chip wafer 1 and the sealing cap wafer 2 are arranged oppositely, the sealing ring 4 is arranged between the chip wafer 1 and the sealing cap wafer 2, and the chip wafer 1, the sealing cap wafer 2 and the sealing wall 4 form a sealing structure with a sealing cavity formed inside. Bumps 5 are formed on the back surface 2b of the cap wafer 2, and the sealing structure is connected to the package substrate 3 through the bumps 5.
In the present embodiment, all resonators are formed on the front surface 1a of the chip wafer 1, i.e., all resonators are sealed in the sealed cavity of the sealed structure. All resonators refer to a series resonator in the first resonance unit, a parallel resonator in the parallel branch, and other resonators in the filter (the second resonance unit includes the first resonator, the second resonator, and the unit grounding inductor, for example, the other resonators are the first resonator and the second resonator). In addition, it should be noted that (1) the present invention does not limit the specific type of the resonator, and for example, the resonator may be a film bulk acoustic resonator or the like; (2) the drawing of the resonators is omitted in the figure for the sake of simplicity.
Considering that the inductance value of the inductor in the matching unit in the filter is generally large, in the present embodiment, the inductor in the matching unit is formed in the package substrate 3 and may be implemented in the form of, for example, a wound inductor.
In the case where the second resonant unit includes the unit ground inductor, the unit ground inductor in the second resonant unit may be implemented in the form of, for example, a wire-wound inductor, in this embodiment, in consideration of the fact that the inductance value of the unit ground inductor is generally large.
In the present embodiment, a redistribution layer (RDL, not shown) is formed on the back surface 2b of the cap wafer 2. The rewiring layer is a metal wiring pattern formed on the back surface 2b of the cap wafer 2 and is used for the re-layout of the ports (e.g., input port, output port, etc.) of the filter. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that not only can the inductor be formed in a package substrate using a wire-wound design, but the same can be achieved using metal wiring, but the inductance of the metal wiring is smaller compared to the substrate wire-wound inductor. The branch ground inductors in the parallel branches of the filter are realized by the metal wiring in the rewiring layer based on the consideration that the inductance value of the branch ground inductor in the parallel branches of the filter is generally small. The basic function of the redistribution layer, namely the redistribution of each port of the filter, can be realized on one hand by reasonably designing the shape, size and position of the metal wiring in the redistribution layer, and the branch grounding inductance is realized in the redistribution layer by using the metal wiring on the other hand. It should be noted that (1) when the parallel branch of the filter does not include the branch grounding inductor, the redistribution layer only needs to implement its redistribution function for each port of the filter. (2) In other embodiments, the branch grounding inductor may also be formed in the package substrate 3 by, for example, a winding inductor, or a part of the branch grounding inductor is formed in the redistribution layer according to actual design requirements, and the other branch grounding inductors are formed in the package substrate, which is not limited in this invention.
For the inductors in the package substrate 3, the inductors may be coupled by reasonably designing the distance between the wound inductors, the winding manner, and the like. For the branch grounding inductors formed in the redistribution layer, the branch grounding inductors may be coupled to each other and to the inductor in the package substrate 3 by reasonably designing the layout of the resonators on the chip wafer 1 and the pattern shape, size, and position of the metal wiring in the redistribution layer. It should be noted that the specific size/position/winding manner of the winding inductance in the package substrate, the specific pattern/size/position of the metal wiring in the redistribution layer, the specific distribution of the resonators on the chip wafer, and the like need to be determined accordingly according to the actual design requirements of the filter.
In the prior art, matching inductors of the filter at the input port and the output port are mainly realized by external patch inductors (for example, the patch inductors are arranged on the surface of a package substrate, etc.), and since the quality factor (Q value) of the patch inductors commonly used in the market at present is usually low, the insertion loss of the filter is deteriorated. The inductor in the matching unit of the filter provided by the invention is formed in the packaging substrate, so that the insertion loss of the filter can be effectively improved. In addition, the filter provided by the invention realizes the branch grounding inductance by utilizing the metal wiring in the redistribution layer, on one hand, the metal wiring in the redistribution layer is fully utilized without additionally forming the inductance, and on the other hand, the branch grounding inductance realized by utilizing the metal wiring can enable the position of each inductance to be more flexible, thereby being beneficial to increasing the flexibility of design.
The performance of the filter provided by the present invention will be described below by taking the filters shown in fig. 3, 4 and 6 as examples.
The parameters of the various elements in the filter shown in fig. 3 are as follows: the effective operation regions of the series resonators 101 to 103, the parallel resonators 201 to 204, and the first resonator 401 and the second resonator 402 in the second resonance unit 40 are in the range of 4000 μm in area2~18000μm2(ii) a The inductance value ranges of the first matching inductor 301, the second matching inductor 302 and the unit grounding inductor 403 in the second resonance unit 40 are 1 nH-4 nH; the inductance of the branch grounding inductors 501-503 ranges from 0.05nH to 0.6 nH. The first matching inductor 301, the second matching inductor 302 and the unit grounding inductor 403 are formed in the package substrate, and the branch grounding inductors 501-503 are formed in the redistribution layer on the back side of the cap wafer. Wherein, the first matching inductor 301 and the second matching inductor 302 are coupled and the first matching inductor 301 and the unit grounding inductor 403 are coupled by proper design. FIG. 9 is a simulation curve of S-parameters of the filter shown in FIG. 3, with the frequency range of 2.3 GHz-3.0 GHz. As can be seen from fig. 9, the filter out-of-band (including the high frequency side and the low frequency side) has a high degree of suppression and low insertion loss.
The parameters of each element of the filter shown in fig. 4 are as follows: the effective operation regions of the series resonators 101 to 103, the parallel resonators 201 to 204, and the first resonator 401 and the second resonator 402 in the second resonance unit 40 are in the range of 4000 μm in area2~18000μm2(ii) a The inductance value ranges of the first matching inductor 301, the second matching inductor 302 and the unit grounding inductor 403 in the second resonance unit 40 are 1 nH-4 nH; the inductance of the branch grounding inductors 501-503 ranges from 0.05nH to 0.6 nH. The first matching inductor 301, the second matching inductor 302 and the unit grounding inductor 403 are formed in the package substrate, and the branch grounding inductors 501-503 are formed in the redistribution layer on the back side of the cap wafer. Wherein, the coupling between the first matching inductor 301 and the second matching inductor 302 and the coupling between the second matching inductor 302 and the cell grounding inductor 403 are formed by proper design. FIG. 10 is a simulation plot of S-parameters of the filter shown in FIG. 4, with the frequency range indicated being 2.3 GHz-3.0 GHz. As can be seen from fig. 10, the filter out-of-band (including the high frequency side and the low frequency side) has a high degree of suppression and low insertion loss.
The parameters of each element of the filter shown in fig. 6 are as follows: the effective operation regions of the series resonators 101 to 103, the parallel resonators 201 to 204, and the first resonator 401 and the second resonator 402 in the second resonance unit 40 are in the range of 4000 μm in area2~18000μm2(ii) a The inductance value ranges of the first matching inductor 301, the second matching inductor 302 and the unit grounding inductor 403 in the second resonance unit 40 are 1 nH-4 nH; the inductance of the branch grounding inductors 501-503 ranges from 0.05nH to 0.6 nH. The first matching inductor 301, the second matching inductor 302 and the unit grounding inductor 403 are formed in the package substrate, and the branch grounding inductors 501-503 are formed in the redistribution layer on the back side of the cap wafer. Wherein, the first matching inductor 301 and the branch grounding inductor 501 are coupled and the branch grounding inductor 501 and the branch grounding inductor 502 are coupled by reasonable design. FIG. 11 is a simulation curve of S-parameters of the filter shown in FIG. 6, with the frequency range of 2.3 GHz-3.0 GHz. As can be seen from fig. 11, the filter out-of-band (including the high-frequency side and the low-frequency side) is high in suppression degree and low in insertion loss.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a duplexer, which comprises a transmitting filter and a receiving filter, wherein the transmitting filter and/or the receiving filter are/is realized by adopting the filter.
Specifically, the duplexer includes a transmission filter and a reception filter. The transmit filter is connected between the common port and the transmit port, and the receive filter is connected between the common port and the receive port. In one embodiment, both the transmit filter and the receive filter are implemented using the aforementioned filters of the present invention. In another embodiment, the transmit filter is implemented using the aforementioned filter of the present invention, and the receive filter method is implemented using an existing conventional filter. In yet another embodiment, the receive filter is implemented using the aforementioned filter of the present invention and the transmit filter is implemented using an existing conventional filter. For the case that the foregoing filter of the present invention is adopted for the transmitting filter and/or the receiving filter, the structure of the filter may refer to the content of the corresponding part in the foregoing, and for the sake of brevity, the details are not described here again.
The duplexer provided by the invention is realized by adopting the filter, so that the duplexer also has the characteristics of high suppression and low insertion loss.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a multiplexer, and the multiplexer comprises the filter. Typically, the multiplexer includes more than three filters, such as a triplexer (including three filters), a quadplexer (including four filters), a pentaplexer (including five filters), and so on. Wherein, at least one filter in the multiplexer is realized by adopting the filter. For the case that the filter is implemented by using the foregoing filter of the present invention, the structure of the filter may refer to the content of the corresponding part in the foregoing, and for the sake of brevity, details are not described here again.
The multiplexer provided by the invention is realized by adopting the filter, so that the multiplexer also has the characteristics of high suppression and low insertion loss.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned. Furthermore, it will be obvious that the term "comprising" does not exclude other elements, units or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural. A plurality of components, units or means recited in the system claims may also be implemented by one component, unit or means in software or hardware.
The filter provided by the invention comprises a series branch (comprising an input port, an output port and one or more first resonant units connected in series between the two ports), a parallel branch, a matching unit (comprising an input matching circuit connected between the input port and the ground and an output matching circuit connected between the output port and the ground), and a second resonant unit, wherein the second resonant unit comprises a first end, a second end and a third end, the first end and the second end are respectively connected to the input end and the output end of one of the first resonant units, and the third end is connected with the ground. The parallel branch comprises a first parallel branch connected with the first end of the second resonant unit to the same node and a second parallel branch connected with the second end of the second resonant unit to the same node. In addition, the filter provided by the invention comprises two or more than two inductors, at least two inductors in all the inductors are coupled, and the coupling at least comprises the inductive coupling between the input matching circuit and the output matching circuit. The filter provided by the invention can effectively improve out-of-band rejection (including rejection of the out-of-band high-frequency side and the low-frequency side), and meanwhile, the insertion loss is not deteriorated.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (15)
1. A filter, the filter comprising:
a series branch comprising an input port, an output port, and one or more first resonant cells connected in series between the input port and the output port, each of the first resonant cells comprising at least a series resonator;
a plurality of parallel branches disposed between a node of the series branch and ground, wherein each of the parallel branches includes at least a parallel resonator;
a matching unit including an input matching circuit connected between the input port and ground, and an output matching circuit connected between the output port and ground;
a second resonance unit including a first end, a second end and a third end, the first end and the second end being connected to an input end and an output end of one of the first resonance units, respectively, the third end being connected to ground;
the parallel branch at least comprises a first parallel branch and a second parallel branch, the first ends of the first parallel branch and the second resonance unit are connected to the same node of the series branch, and the second ends of the second parallel branch and the second resonance unit are connected to the same node of the series branch; the filter comprises two or more inductors, wherein at least two inductors in all the inductors are coupled, and the coupling at least comprises the inductive coupling between the input matching circuit and the output matching circuit.
2. The filter of claim 1, wherein:
the number of the first resonance units is more than or equal to three, wherein the first resonance unit connected with the input port is a head first resonance unit, the first resonance unit connected with the output port is a tail first resonance unit, and the first resonance unit positioned between the head first resonance unit and the tail first resonance unit is a middle first resonance unit;
the first and second ends of the second resonant unit are connected to the input and output ends of one of the middle first resonant units, respectively.
3. A filter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein
The second resonance unit comprises a first resonator, a second resonator and a unit grounding inductor, one end of the first resonator and one end of the second resonator are respectively used as a first end and a second end of the second resonance unit, the other end of the first resonator is connected with the other end of the second resonator, one end of the inductor is connected to a connecting node between the first resonator and the second resonator, and the other end of the inductor is used as a third end of the second resonance unit.
4. The filter of claim 3, wherein:
the resonance frequency of the first resonator and the second resonator is the same as or close to the resonance frequency of the series resonator.
5. The filter of claim 3, wherein:
the first resonance unit includes only a single series resonator; or
The first resonance unit is a combined circuit of a series resonator and an inductor; or
The first resonance unit is a combined circuit of a series resonator and a capacitor; or
The first resonance unit is a combined circuit of a series resonator, an inductor and a capacitor.
6. The filter of claim 5, wherein:
at least one of the parallel branches further comprises a branch grounding inductor which is arranged between the parallel resonator in the parallel branch and the ground.
7. The filter of claim 6, wherein:
when the number of the parallel branches containing the branch grounding inductors is two or more, at least two parallel resonators in the parallel branches are connected with the ground through the same branch grounding inductor.
8. The filter of claim 6 or 7, wherein:
the first parallel branch and the second parallel branch both comprise branch grounding inductors.
9. The filter of claim 8, wherein:
the input matching circuit and the output matching circuit each comprise only a single inductor, wherein the inductor in the input matching circuit is a first matching inductor and the inductor in the output matching circuit is a second matching inductor.
10. A filter according to claim 9, wherein:
there is coupling between the first matching inductance and the second matching inductance;
the unit grounding inductor is coupled with the first matching inductor, or the unit grounding inductor is coupled with the second matching inductor, or the unit grounding inductor is coupled with the first matching inductor and the second matching inductor respectively.
11. The filter of claim 9, wherein:
the first matching inductor, the second matching inductor and the unit grounding inductor are coupled in pairs, the first matching inductor is coupled with a branch grounding inductor in the first parallel branch, and the first parallel branch is coupled with two branch grounding inductors in the second parallel branch.
12. The filter of claim 7, wherein:
the series resonator, the parallel resonator, the first resonator and the second resonator are formed on the front surface of a chip wafer, and the inductor in the matching unit and the unit grounding inductor are formed in a packaging substrate, wherein the front surfaces of the chip wafer and a sealing cap wafer are oppositely arranged, and the back surface of the sealing cap wafer is arranged on the packaging substrate.
13. The filter of claim 12, wherein:
the branch grounding inductor is formed in a redistribution layer on the back surface of the cap wafer and/or formed in a packaging substrate.
14. A duplexer, comprising:
a transmit filter and a receive filter, wherein the transmit filter and/or the receive filter are implemented with a filter according to any one of claims 1 to 13.
15. A multiplexer comprising the filter of any one of claims 1 to 13.
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