CN114464949A - 驱动电池以及具有驱动电池的车辆 - Google Patents

驱动电池以及具有驱动电池的车辆 Download PDF

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CN114464949A
CN114464949A CN202111325885.9A CN202111325885A CN114464949A CN 114464949 A CN114464949 A CN 114464949A CN 202111325885 A CN202111325885 A CN 202111325885A CN 114464949 A CN114464949 A CN 114464949A
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M·米勒
R·凯勒
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Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于车辆、尤其是机动车辆的驱动电池(100)，该驱动电池具有壳体(102)，该壳体具有多个分区(122，124)，其中在第一分区(122)内和在第二分区(124)内分别布置有一个或多个电池单元模块(126)，其中为了将这些分区(122，124)分隔开，在该第一分区(122)与该第二分区(124)之间布置复合构件(140)，其中该复合构件(140)具有由纤维增强塑料制成的型材元件(142)、由可压缩泡沫制成的泡沫体(144)和/或硅树脂垫(146)。本发明还涉及一种具有这样的驱动电池的车辆。

Description

驱动电池以及具有驱动电池的车辆
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于车辆的驱动电池以及一种具有驱动电池的车辆。
背景技术
CN 105024030 A公开了一种用于电池的玻璃纤维隔板的复合散热肋条，其中该肋条包含发泡剂。
DE 3228328 A1公开了一种多单元铅蓄电池，该多单元铅蓄电池具有填充有泡沫材料的空腔。
发明内容
本发明的任务是提供一种与此相比经改进的驱动电池。
驱动电池用于车辆、尤其是用于机动车辆。驱动电池具有壳体，该壳体具有多个分区。在第一分区内和在第二分区内分别布置有一个或多个电池单元模块。为了将这些分区分隔开，在第一分区与第二分区之间布置复合构件。复合构件具有由纤维增强塑料制成的型材元件、由可压缩泡沫制成的泡沫体和/或硅树脂垫。
借此，可以实现电池的不同分区的防火和/或气密的分隔。在有电池单元脱气的故障情况下，这种分隔显著改善了这种情况。在电池单元脱气时的短路强度可以得到优化。
驱动电池或牵引电池以电化学方式来储存电能。该驱动电池或该牵引电池可以是蓄电池，该蓄电池可以吸收电能(充电)和释放电能(放电)。
驱动电池可以被构造成锂电池或锂蓄电池。可选地，该驱动电池可以被构造成LiX电池或LiX蓄电池并且具有至少一种其他成分(X)(例如作为锂离子蓄电池、锂聚合物蓄电池等等的设计方案)。
如上所述，在驱动电池的每个分区内都可以分别布置有一个或多个电池单元模块，例如彼此相邻排列地布置有一个或多个电池单元模块。这些电池单元模块可以经由电端子或电线来彼此电连接。可选地，这些电池单元模块可以与引导冷却介质的冷却通道(例如液体冷却装置)流体连接。这些电池单元模块可以具有一个或多个电池单元(例如袋状电池单元)，该一个或多个电池单元安装在电池单元模块壳体内。各个电池单元模块都可以(视电池单元数目而定)具有约为40伏特至100伏特的电压。
复合构件可以沿着在驱动电池的分区之间的中间空隙延伸穿过壳体的内部空间。复合构件可以在其尺寸方面与驱动电池的壳体的内部空间适配并且例如具有约为1200mm(毫米)的长度、尤其是1000mm至1400mm的长度。
驱动电池的壳体可以具有框架和与该框架连接或紧固在该框架上的包覆元件。该框架可以具有多个框架元件、尤其是框架梁，这些框架元件的整体构成该框架。壳体可以具有(板状或盆状的)电池底座和/或(板状或盆状的)电池盖来作为包覆元件。电池盖可以被紧固或紧固在电池底座上和/或框架上。
型材元件可以被构造成中空型材，例如具有矩形或方形横截面的中空型材。
优选地，在这两个分区之间可以布置有框架元件(例如框架梁)，其中该型材元件与该框架元件邻接地沿着纵向方向延伸并且(借助于夹子)与该框架元件夹紧。借此，提供了型材元件在框架元件上的结构简单且稳定的紧固。通过夹子的紧固过程有助于驱动电池的自动化组装。
与此无关地，框架元件、型材元件和泡沫体可以形成驱动电池的这两个分区之间的壁或隔挡件。
优选地，该型材元件可以由玻璃纤维增强塑料来构造。借此，可以实现型材元件的相对较轻但仍然稳定的设计方案。型材元件由塑料和玻璃纤维组成，其中玻璃纤维的份额可以为至少百分之三十。型材元件可以被构造成使得该型材元件耐热，尤其是耐热高达1000℃(摄氏度)的温度。
优选地，该泡沫体可以与该型材元件邻接地沿着纵向方向延伸并且被紧固在该型材元件上。由此预先给定该泡沫体在驱动电池的壳体内的取向和布置。该泡沫体可以在其尺寸方面与驱动电池的壳体的内部空间适配。该泡沫体可以在其长度方面对应于框架元件(例如框架梁)并且例如具有约为1200mm(毫米)的长度、尤其是1000mm至1400mm的长度。
优选地，该泡沫体可以与该型材元件粘接。由此，可以实现泡沫体在型材元件上的简单且稳定的紧固。这种紧固还有助于驱动电池的组装的自动化能力。
与此无关地，泡沫体可以由可压缩泡沫来构造，该可压缩泡沫耐热高达1000℃(摄氏度)。
如已经指出的那样，该壳体可以具有盖(电池盖)，其中该泡沫体布置在该型材元件与该电池盖之间并且以这种方式来构造，使得该泡沫体被该盖压缩。换言之，在将该盖放到电池壳体上时，泡沫体在该型材元件与该盖之间被压缩。借此，可以实现驱动电池的不同分区之间的足够的密封。关于泡沫体，“以这种方式来构造”可以是指：泡沫体关于其材料特性方面被配置为和/或关于其尺寸方面被定尺寸为使得泡沫体可以通过放上盖来被压缩并且有助于驱动电池的分区的防火和/或气密的分隔。
优选地，该硅树脂垫可以被紧固在该泡沫体上并且从该泡沫体出发(至少以一定距离)超过这些电池单元模块地延伸。这有助于这些分区的气密分隔。该硅树脂垫可以沿着(例如平行于)电池单元模块和/或盖(电池盖)的表面延伸。该硅树脂垫可以在自由端处倒角(硅树脂垫远离盖(电池盖)逐渐变细)。如果这些电池单元模块中的一个电池单元模块发生脱气，则该硅树脂垫可以以其自由端贴靠到盖(电池盖)的内侧(该硅树脂垫的自由端朝向该盖旋转)。由此产生密封效果。
优选地，该硅树脂垫可以与该泡沫体粘接。由此可以实现该硅树脂垫在该泡沫体上的结构简单且稳定的紧固。
开篇所述的任务也通过一种车辆、尤其是机动车辆来实现，该车辆具有根据上述实施方式中任一项所述的驱动电池。关于可借此实现的优点，应参阅关于该驱动电池的相关解释。
车辆、尤其是机动车辆可以具有电驱动装置或者部分电驱动装置。该驱动装置可以具有电动机器、由该电动机器驱动的变速器和尤其是通过该变速器驱动的差速器。该差速器可以例如借助于驱动轴来与该车辆的驱动车轮联接。
结合该驱动电池描述或者随后还阐述的措施可以用于该车辆的进一步的设计方案。
附图说明
其他有利的设计方案自以下描述和附图中得出。在附图中：
图1示意性地示出了穿过驱动电池的纵截面；并且
图2示意性地示出了穿过驱动电池的横截面。
具体实施方式
在图1中示意性示出了穿过驱动电池100的纵截面。
驱动电池100具有壳体102，该壳体包括：框架104；和呈电池底座(未示出)和电池盖106形式的包覆元件(参见图2)。框架104具有三个沿着纵向方向108定向的框架梁110、112、114(纵梁)和两个沿着横向方向116定向的框架梁118、120(横梁)(参见图1)。框架梁110、112、114在端侧分别与框架梁118、120连接。
驱动电池100具有第一分区122和第二分区124，其中在分区122、124中的每个分区内都布置有多个电池单元模块126，在本示例中分别布置有四个电池单元模块126(参见图1)。电池单元模块126经由电线128来彼此电连接。在本示例中，电池单元模块126与引导冷却介质130的冷却通道132流体连接(在本例中被构造成液体冷却装置)。冷却通道132例如可以整合到框架梁112中。
驱动电池100可以具有连接区134，在该连接区内布置有电端子和/或冷却接口(未示出)。电线128可以与电端子连接。冷却通道132可以与冷却接口连接。
为了将分区122、124分隔开，在第一分区122与第二分区124之间布置复合构件140(只在图2中示出)。复合构件140具有由纤维增强塑料制成的型材元件142、由可压缩泡沫制成的泡沫体144和硅树脂垫146。
复合构件140沿着驱动电池100的分区122、124之间的中间空隙136延伸穿过壳体102的内部空间。复合构件140在其尺寸方面与驱动电池100的壳体102的内部空间适配。
如已经指出的那样，在这两个分区122、124之间布置有呈框架梁112形式的框架元件，其中型材元件142与框架元件112邻接地沿着纵向方向108延伸并且借助于夹子148与框架元件112夹紧(参见图2)。
框架元件112、型材元件142和泡沫体144形成驱动电池100的这两个分区122、124之间的壁或隔挡件。
型材元件142由玻璃纤维增强塑料来构造，其中玻璃纤维的份额可以为至少百分之三十。型材元件142以这种方式来构造，使得该型材元件耐热，尤其是耐热高达1000℃(摄氏度)的温度。在本示例中，型材元件142被构造成具有矩形横截面的中空型材。
泡沫体144与型材元件142邻接地沿着纵向方向108延伸并且被紧固在型材元件142上。泡沫体144在其尺寸方面与驱动电池100的壳体102的内部空间适配。泡沫体144可以在其长度方面对应于框架元件112。在本示例中，泡沫体144与型材元件142粘接。
如已经指出的那样，壳体102具有盖或电池盖106(参见图2)，其中泡沫体144布置在型材元件142与电池盖106之间并且以这种方式来构造，使得泡沫体144被盖106压缩。换言之，在将盖106放到电池壳体102上时，泡沫体144在型材元件142与盖106之间被压缩。
硅树脂垫146被紧固在泡沫体144上并且从泡沫体144出发以一定距离超过电池单元模块126地延伸(参见图2)。硅树脂垫146沿着(例如平行于)电池单元模块126和/或盖或电池盖106的表面延伸。在本示例中，硅树脂垫146在自由端150处倒角(硅树脂垫146远离盖或电池盖106逐渐变细)。在本示例中，硅树脂垫146与泡沫体144粘接。

Claims (9)

1.一种用于车辆、尤其是机动车辆的驱动电池(100)，该驱动电池具有壳体(102)，该壳体具有多个分区(122，124)，其中在第一分区(122)内和在第二分区(124)内分别布置有一个或多个电池单元模块(126)，其特征在于，为了将这些分区(122，124)分隔开，在该第一分区(122)与该第二分区(124)之间布置有复合构件(140)，其中该复合构件(140)具有由纤维增强塑料制成的型材元件(142)、由能压缩的泡沫制成的泡沫体(144)和/或具有硅树脂垫(146)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的驱动电池(100)，其特征在于，在这两个分区(122，124)之间布置有框架元件(112)，其中该型材元件(142)与该框架元件(112)邻接地沿着纵向方向(108)延伸并且与该框架元件(112)夹紧。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的驱动电池(100)，其特征在于，该型材元件(142)由玻璃纤维增强塑料来构造。
4.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动电池(100)，其特征在于，该泡沫体(144)与该型材元件(142)邻接地沿着纵向方向(108)延伸并且被紧固在该型材元件(142)上。
5.根据权利要求4所述的驱动电池(100)，其特征在于，该泡沫体(144)与该型材元件(142)粘接。
6.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动电池(100)，其特征在于，该壳体(102)具有盖(106)，其中该泡沫体(144)布置在该型材元件(112)与该盖(106)之间并且构造成，使得该泡沫体(144)被该盖(106)压缩。
7.根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动电池(100)，其特征在于，该硅树脂垫(146)被紧固在该泡沫体(144)上并且从该泡沫体(144)出发超过这些电池单元模块(126)地延伸。
8.根据权利要求7所述的驱动电池(100)，其特征在于，该硅树脂垫(146)与该泡沫体(144)粘接。
9.一种车辆，尤其是机动车辆，该车辆具有根据上述权利要求中任一项所述的驱动电池(100)。
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