CN114464496B - High current breaking mechanical switch with annular split petal type moving contact structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a large-current breaking mechanical switch with an annular split flap type moving contact structure combined with an arc contact, which is provided with an upper through-flow row and a lower through-flow row, wherein the upper through-flow row and the lower through-flow row are respectively provided with two current leading-out ends, a metal plate is arranged in the middle of the upper through-flow row, and a metal cylinder is integrally connected below the upper through-flow row; all the components of the lower through-flow row are positioned on the same plane and are parallel to the middle metal plate of the upper through-flow row, the middle circular ring hollow area accommodates the metal cylinder of the upper through-flow row, and an annular gap is reserved between the upper through-flow row and the metal cylinder; the end position of the upper through-flow row metal cylinder and the hollow circular edge area in the middle of the lower through-flow row are fixed contact parts; the movable contact structure is an annular split type structure, each split type structure is fixed on a base below through a supporting part, and the base is connected with an operating mechanism in a cabinet below through a transmission rod. The invention improves the maintainability of the moving contact, is convenient for searching, replacing and maintaining the damaged sub-module, effectively protects the annular split-type contact and improves the electrical life of the moving contact.

Description

High-current breaking mechanical switch with annular split-petal type moving contact structure

technical field

The invention is applied in a medium-voltage high-current power supply circuit, and in particular relates to a high-current breaking mechanical switch with an annular split petal type moving contact structure combined with an arc contact.

Background technique

The mechanical switch in the power supply circuit separates and closes the circuit to ensure safe and reliable operation of the circuit. Especially in the context of high-current circuits, the breaking performance of mechanical switches plays an important role in reliably breaking the circuit. Generally, when a mechanical switch breaks a large circuit, its contacts are easily damaged due to arcing, which also reduces the life of the contacts. Therefore, improving the electrical life of the breaking contacts can increase the reliability of the switch and realize safer and more effective circuit protection. Secondly, the switch design should also pay attention to economical requirements, and reduce the maintenance cost of main components such as contacts.

Contents of the invention

The invention aims at proposing a large current breaking mechanical switch with an optimized contact structure. In order to solve the problems of the integrated design of the contact in the prior art, the processing precision is high, and the contact needs to be replaced and maintained as a whole when local ablation occurs, and the cost is high. The invention adds an arc contact, reduces the ablation of the main contact, improves the electrical life, and adopts the annular split petal type movable contact to enhance the flexibility of contact maintenance and improve the working reliability.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

A high-current breaking mechanical switch with a ring-shaped split petal-type moving contact structure combined with an arc contact, including an upper flow bar and a lower flow bar;

Both the upper and lower flow bars have two current lead-out ends, wherein the two current lead-out ends of the upper flow bar are at 90 degrees to the middle metal plate, and a metal cylinder is connected under the middle metal plate;

The lower flow row is parallel to the middle metal plate of the upper flow row, and the middle ring hollow area of the lower flow row accommodates the metal cylinder of the upper flow row;

The edge area of the middle circular hollow area of the lower flow row is the first static contact, the edge of the metal cylinder end of the upper flow row is the second static contact, and the first and second static contacts The middle area of the form an annular gap;

The inside of the upper and lower flow rows is provided with cooling water flow channels to perform water cooling and heat dissipation on the upper and lower flow rows. The cooling water flow channels are arranged uniformly and comprehensively. Water-cooling pipes are used to communicate with each cooling water channel;

The moving contact structure is an annular split petal structure, each petal structure is independent, and is fixed on the base through the supporting parts, and the base is connected with the operating mechanism in the lower cabinet through the transmission rod, when the switch needs to be closed , under the action of external force, translate and fill the above-mentioned annular gap and make close contact, connecting the upper and lower flow rows;

The petal structures described in the annular split-petal structure are evenly distributed and the gaps are equal; each of the annular split-petal structures is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, with a smooth curved surface at the top, which is convenient for better compatibility with the various petal structures. The first and second static contacts are in close contact, and the bottom connected to the base is a larger plane to ensure better fixation on the sealed bottom plate;

The arcing contact includes a static arcing contact and a moving arcing contact, which are located in the central area of the annular split petal structure; wherein the static arcing contact is connected to the center of the end of the metal cylinder of the upper flow row , the moving arcing contact is directly below the static arcing contact, and is located in the central area of the supporting part under the petal structure.

Further, the gap between the moving and static arcing contacts is smaller than the gap between the ring-shaped split-petal type moving contact and the static contact, which serves to protect the structure of the ring-shaped split-petal type moving contact.

Further, the upper and lower flow bars are fixed by a first annular insulating support, and the lower flow bar is fixed to the sealed bottom plate of the upper cover of the lower cabinet outer frame by a second annular insulating support.

Further, the moving and static contacts, the arcing contacts, the first and second annular insulating supports and the sealed bottom plate on the upper cover of the outer frame of the cabinet below, the upper flow bar and the lower flow bar are jointly surrounded to form an arc extinguishing chamber .

Further, the arc extinguishing chamber is in a sealed state, and the arc extinguishing chamber is evacuated, or filled with SF ₆ gas, or filled with dry nitrogen gas.

Furthermore, in the above-mentioned mechanical switch proposed by the present invention, the upper and lower flow bars and the dynamic and static contacts are all made of high-conductivity metal materials.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include:

The mechanical switch proposed by the present invention optimizes the contact structure from the perspectives of the service life, safety performance and reliability of the contacts under large current flow. Firstly, the integrated moving contact structure is replaced by an annular split petal structure to improve the maintainability of the moving contact, facilitate the search, replacement and repair of damaged sub-modules, and control maintenance costs. Secondly, adding arcing contacts, the gap between the dynamic and static arcing contacts is smaller than the gap between the ring-shaped split-petal type moving contact and the static contact, and the arcing of the ring-shaped split-type moving contact is relieved when breaking. The arc pressure can protect the annular split petal contact and improve the electrical life of the contact.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the outline structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the outline structure of the arc contact and the annular split petal type moving contact structure of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that these descriptions are exemplary only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the mechanical switch proposed by the present invention includes upper and lower flow bars, wherein the upper flow bar 1 has two current lead-out ends, and the two current lead-out ends are 90 degrees to the middle metal plate , the middle metal plate is connected to the metal cylinder; the lower flow bar 2 also has two current lead-out ends, and its metal plate is parallel to the middle metal plate of the upper flow bar 1, and the middle ring hollow area accommodates the metal of the upper flow bar 1 cylinder. Cooling water passes through the cooling water flow channel 3 to carry out water cooling and heat dissipation to the upper and lower flow bars 1 and 2, and 4 is the lower cabinet body, which is mainly provided with an operating mechanism, which is connected with the transmission rod to control the moving opening and closing circuit of the contact. The upper and lower flow bars 1 and 2 are fixed by the first annular insulating support 5 , and the lower flow bar 2 is fixed on the lower cabinet body 4 by the second annular insulating support 6 .

The first static contact 7 is on the edge of the hollow area in the middle of the lower flow bar 2 and is ring-shaped; the second static contact 8 is the end edge of the metal cylinder below the upper flow bar 1 and is circular. The middle area of the two stationary contacts forms an annular gap. When the switch is closed, the annular split petal type movable contact 9 fills up the annular gap and communicates with the upper and lower flow bars 1 and 2 . The arcing contacts are divided into static arcing contacts 10 and dynamic arcing contacts 11. The static arcing contacts 10 are connected to the center of the metal cylinder end of the upper flow bar 1, and the moving arcing contacts 11 are located directly below the static arcing contacts 10. It is located in the central area of the lower supporting part of the annular split petal type moving contact 9 . The gap between the static arcing contact 10 and the moving arcing contact 11 is smaller than the gap between the annular split petal type moving contact 9 and the first and second static contacts 7 and 8, and the breaking is earlier than the annular split petal Type moving contact 9 arcing relieves its arcing pressure. Annular split petal type moving contact 9, first and second static contacts 7 and 8, static arcing contact 10, moving arcing contact 11 and first and second annular insulating supports 5 and 6 are closely connected to the bottom The sealed bottom plate 14 of the upper cover of the outer frame of the cabinet body 4 , the upper flow bar 1 and the lower flow bar 2 jointly surround and form an arc extinguishing chamber 12 . The interior of the arc extinguishing chamber 12 is sealed and evacuated, or filled with SF ₆ gas, or filled with dry nitrogen. An operating mechanism is arranged in the lower cabinet body 4, and the movement of the annular split petal type movable contact 9 is controlled by a transmission rod.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the outline structure of the static arcing contact 10, the moving arcing contact 11 and the annular split petal type moving contact 9, wherein the annular split petal type moving contact 9 is a split modular design, each independent The petal structure has an independent support structure. When a single module fails or is damaged, there is no need to replace the overall structure, so the split modular design has good economy, facilitates contact maintenance and improves contact reliability. The quality of the annular split petal type movable contact 9 is mainly determined by the size of the breaking current and the breaking speed, and the space size and number of the petal structure of the annular split petal type movable contact 9 are mainly determined by the upper and lower flow row. The structure of 1, 2 and the gap between the first and second static contacts 7, 8 are designed. The petal structures forming the annular split-petal movable contact 9 are evenly distributed and have equal gaps. Each annular petal structure is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, with a smooth curved surface on the top, which is convenient for better contact with the first and second static contacts 7 and 8; the lower surface 13 connected to the base is a larger The support plane is to ensure better fixation on the sealing base plate 14.

The above descriptions are only specific implementations of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. These examples are only for the purpose of illustration, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. Those skilled in the art can make various substitutions and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention, and these substitutions and modifications should all fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A high-current breaking mechanical switch with an annular split petal-type moving contact structure combined with an arc contact, characterized in that: Including the upper flow row and the lower flow row; Both the upper and lower flow bars have two current lead-out ends, wherein the two current lead-out ends of the upper flow bar are at 90 degrees to the middle metal plate, and a metal cylinder is connected under the middle metal plate; The lower flow row is parallel to the middle metal plate of the upper flow row, and the middle ring hollow area of the lower flow row accommodates the metal cylinder of the upper flow row; The edge area of the middle circular hollow area of the lower flow row is the first static contact, the edge of the metal cylinder end of the upper flow row is the second static contact, and the first and second static contacts The middle area of the form an annular gap; The inside of the upper and lower flow rows is provided with cooling water flow channels to perform water cooling and heat dissipation on the upper and lower flow rows. The cooling water flow channels are arranged uniformly and comprehensively. Water-cooling pipes are used to communicate with each cooling water channel; The moving contact structure is an annular split petal structure, each petal structure is independent, and is fixed on the base through the supporting parts, and the base is connected with the operating mechanism in the lower cabinet through the transmission rod, when the switch needs to be closed , under the action of external force, translate and fill the above-mentioned annular gap and make close contact, connecting the upper and lower flow rows; The petal structures of the annular split petal structure are evenly distributed and have equal gaps; each of the annular split petal structures is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, with a smooth curved surface at the top, which is convenient for better integration with all the petal structures. The first and second static contacts are in close contact, and the lower surface connected to the base is a plane with a larger size to ensure better fixing on the sealing bottom plate; The arcing contact includes a static arcing contact and a moving arcing contact, which are located in the central area of the annular split petal structure; wherein the static arcing contact is connected to the center of the end of the metal cylinder of the upper flow row , the moving arcing contact is directly below the static arcing contact, and is located in the central area of the supporting part under the petal structure. 2. A large current breaking mechanical switch with a ring-shaped split petal type moving contact structure combined with an arc contact according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap between the moving and static arc contacts is smaller than the gap between the annular split petal type moving contact and the first and second static contacts, which protects the structure of the ring split petal type moving contact . 3. A large current breaking mechanical switch with a ring-shaped split petal type moving contact structure combined with an arc contact according to claim 1, characterized in that: the upper and lower flow bars pass through a first The ring-shaped insulating support is fixed, and the lower flow bar is fixed to the sealed bottom plate of the upper cover of the outer frame of the lower cabinet through the second ring-shaped insulating support. 4. A large current breaking mechanical switch with an annular split petal type moving contact structure combined with an arcing contact according to claim 3, characterized in that: the moving contact, the first static contact, the second The two static contacts, the arcing contacts, the first and second annular insulating supports, the sealed bottom plate on the upper cover of the outer frame of the cabinet below, the upper flow row and the lower flow row jointly form an arc extinguishing chamber. 5. A large current breaking mechanical switch with a ring-shaped split petal type moving contact structure combined with an arc contact according to claim 4, characterized in that: The arc extinguishing chamber is in a sealed state, and the arc extinguishing chamber is evacuated, or filled with SF ₆ gas, or filled with dry nitrogen gas.

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