CN114464460A - Photo-anode of solar cell and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Photo-anode of solar cell and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910003074 TiCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 6
- YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ti+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] YHWCPXVTRSHPNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- JJWJFWRFHDYQCN-UHFFFAOYSA-J 2-(4-carboxypyridin-2-yl)pyridine-4-carboxylate;ruthenium(2+);tetrabutylazanium;dithiocyanate Chemical compound [Ru+2].[S-]C#N.[S-]C#N.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC.OC(=O)C1=CC=NC(C=2N=CC=C(C=2)C([O-])=O)=C1.OC(=O)C1=CC=NC(C=2N=CC=C(C=2)C([O-])=O)=C1 JJWJFWRFHDYQCN-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 then Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910010062 TiCl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K titanium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)Cl YONPGGFAJWQGJC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005281 excited state Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011165 3D composite Substances 0.000 description 1
- YSHMQTRICHYLGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butylpyridine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 YSHMQTRICHYLGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002165 photosensitisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003504 photosensitizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004054 semiconductor nanocrystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2027—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode
- H01G9/2036—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode comprising mixed oxides, e.g. ZnO covered TiO2 particles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a solar cell, in particular to a photo-anode of a solar cell and a preparation method thereof; the photo-anode of the solar cell is a composite structure formed by growing a titanium dioxide nanowire array by covering a titanium dioxide crystal layer on graphene powder as a template and growing nanoparticles on the nanowire array, and can be applied to a dye-sensitized solar cell. The graphene sheet layer covers the FTO glass to serve as a blocking layer, the FTO glass is prevented from being in direct contact with electrolyte, a layer of titanium dioxide nanoparticles is covered on the graphene sheet layer to serve as seed crystals for growing a titanium dioxide nanowire array, the nanowire array is grown by a hydrothermal method, and the nanoparticles grown on the nanowire array increase the specific surface area of a photoanode and increase the adsorption capacity of dye, so that the photocurrent and the conversion efficiency of the DSSC are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a solar cell, in particular to a photo-anode of a solar cell and a preparation method thereof; the photo-anode of the solar cell is a composite structure formed by growing a titanium dioxide nanowire array by covering a titanium dioxide crystal layer on graphene powder as a template and growing nanoparticles on the nanowire array, and can be applied to a dye-sensitized solar cell.
Background
The lack of non-renewable energy sources such as petroleum, coal, natural gas and the like causes the energy crisis to become one of the restriction factors of social development, economic development and scientific and technical development, and the development of new energy materials and the utilization of new energy are major problems which must be solved firstly in all countries in the world at present; the solar energy has the advantages of cleanness, safe use, inexhaustibility, low utilization cost, no geographical condition limitation and the like, and is an ideal energy source for solving the problems of energy and environment; the solar cell (DSSC) is a novel solar cell developed based on a nanotechnology, has the advantages of low manufacturing cost (the cost is only 1/5-1/10 of a silicon solar cell), simple production process, no pollution, insensitivity to temperature change and light intensity change and good light stability, and is a promising environment-friendly solar cell.
The DSSC consists essentially of a transparent conductive substrate, a dye-covered porous nanocrystalline semiconductor film, an electrolyte solution, and a counter electrode. After light excitation, dye molecules transition from a ground state to an excited state, the dye in the excited state injects electrons into a conduction band of the semiconductor nanocrystal, the electrons injected into the conduction band are transmitted in the semiconductor film, and the electrons reach the contact surface of the semiconductor film and the conductive glass and enter an external circuit; the open circuit photovoltage of the DSSC is the difference between the quasi-fermi level of the semiconductor upon illumination and the redox potential of the redox couple in the electrolyte solution, the short circuit photocurrent depends on the light capture efficiency, electron injection efficiency and electron transport efficiency of the photosensitizing dye, and reducing the charge recombination effect and the resistance of the conduction band glass substrate can increase the fill factor.
At present, how to obtain higher photoelectric conversion efficiency of the DSSC, improve the stability of the cell and prolong the service life is always a hot problem of research, and dye adsorption capacity, light capture efficiency, electron conduction acceleration and electron recombination inhibition are three important factors for improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the dye-sensitized solar cell; with the development of nanotechnology, novel nanomaterials are applied to dye-sensitized solar cells with excellent performance, and graphene and one-dimensional nanomaterials (such as nanowires, nanotubes and the like) have excellent electron transport performance, can rapidly separate electrons from holes, and inhibit the generation of dark current.
The invention provides a photo-anode with a three-dimensional composite structure, which is formed by graphene, a titanium dioxide nanowire array and titanium dioxide nanoparticles, for the first time, a layer of composite structure film of the graphene and the titanium dioxide nanoparticles is covered on the surface of FTO glass to serve as a blocking layer, the composite structure of the titanium dioxide nanowire array and the titanium dioxide nanoparticles is grown on the FTO glass, the transmission speed of electrons is improved through the graphene and the titanium dioxide nanowires, and the recombination of charges is reduced, so that the purposes of improving the photocurrent of a battery and the efficiency of DSSC are achieved.
The invention provides a novel photo-anode material of a solar cell, namely a graphene/titanium dioxide nanowire array/titanium dioxide nanoparticle composite structure for manufacturing DSSC (direct dye-sensitized solar cell).
The graphene sheet layer covers the FTO glass to serve as a blocking layer, the FTO glass is prevented from being in direct contact with electrolyte, a layer of titanium dioxide nanoparticles is covered on the graphene sheet layer to serve as seed crystals for growing a titanium dioxide nanowire array, the nanowire array is grown by a hydrothermal method, and the nanoparticles grown on the nanowire array increase the specific surface area of a photoanode and increase the adsorption capacity of dye, so that the photocurrent and the conversion efficiency of the DSSC are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical scheme for realizing the invention is as follows:
the first step is as follows: uniformly covering a layer of graphene/titanium dioxide nanoparticle film on the FTO glass, wherein the graphene/titanium dioxide nanoparticle film is used as a barrier layer, and titanium dioxide nanoparticles are used as seed crystals for growing a titanium dioxide nanowire array;
the second step is that: growing a titanium dioxide nanowire array on an FTO glass sheet by using a hydrothermal method;
the third step: attaching titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the titanium dioxide nanowire array;
the fourth step: calcining the prepared composite structure in a nitrogen atmosphere;
the fifth step: sensitization of the photo-anode and assembly of the cell.
The first step of the method is characterized in that the concentration of graphene, namely the mass ratio of graphene oxide to titanium dioxide, is controlled within the range of 3% -12%.
The first step of the method, the preparation of the graphene/titanium dioxide nanoparticle film on the FTO glass is as follows: firstly, preparing a uniform and stable graphene and titanium dioxide nanoparticle composite solution, then, coating the graphene and titanium dioxide nanoparticle composite solution on FTO glass in a spinning way to enable the nanoparticles of graphene and titanium dioxide to completely cover the FTO glass, and annealing in an N2 atmosphere to obtain a graphene/titanium dioxide nanoparticle film; or spin-coating a layer of graphene on FTO glass, then spin-coating titanium dioxide sol, and annealing in the atmosphere of N2 to obtain the graphene/titanium dioxide nanoparticle film.
The first step of the method is that the thickness of the graphene/titanium dioxide nanoparticle film covered on the FTO glass is below 200 nm;
the second step of the method is that the temperature range of the titanium dioxide nanowire array grown by the hydrothermal method is 120-200 ℃, tetrabutyl titanate is used as a precursor of the titanium dioxide nanowire array, and the dosage range is 1.4 multiplied by 10 < -3 > to 4.4 multiplied by 10 < -3 > mol;
attaching titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the titanium dioxide nanowire array, wherein the concentration range of the TiCl4 aqueous solution is 0.05-0.4M, the temperature range is 30-90 ℃, and the growth time is 0.5-48 h;
the third step of the method, the titanium dioxide nanowire array is processed by TiCl4 aqueous solution or the titanium dioxide sol is coated on the titanium dioxide nanowire array in a spinning way and then the annealing is carried out to obtain the composite structure of the titanium dioxide nanowire array/the titanium dioxide nanoparticles;
in the fourth step of the method, the sintering temperature is 400-600 ℃, and the time is 10-60 min;
the invention has the advantages that the novel photo-anode material of the solar cell, namely the graphene/titanium dioxide nanowire array/titanium dioxide nanoparticles is used for manufacturing the DSSC for the first time, the electron transmission characteristics of the graphene and titanium dioxide nanowire array are combined, and the high specific surface area of the titanium dioxide nanoparticles not only accelerates the electron transfer and inhibits the occurrence of dark current, but also increases the adsorption capacity of dye, thereby improving the photocurrent and the conversion efficiency of the DSSC.
Detailed description of the invention
The following examples are included to further illustrate the invention:
example one: preparation of titanium dioxide nanowire array sensitized cell
1. Preparing a titanium dioxide nanowire array: ultrasonically cleaning FTO conductive glass by using acetone, absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water in sequence, drying, putting into a 100mL high-pressure reaction kettle, putting 30mL deionized water and 30mL concentrated hydrochloric acid into a beaker, stirring for 5min, adding 1mL tetrabutyl titanate, magnetically stirring for 5min, pouring the prepared solution into the reaction kettle, sealing, heating at 160 ℃ for 20h, taking out after the reaction is finished, cooling to room temperature, opening the reaction kettle, pouring out the liquid, taking out a glass sheet, and finding that a layer of white film grows on the glass sheet, wherein the film is a titanium dioxide nanowire array;
2. sensitization of electrode and battery assembly: the grown titanium dioxide nanowires are in a single-crystal rutile phase, are not sintered and are directly sensitized, are soaked in a 3 x 10 < -4 > mol/L N719 dye solution for 24 hours to prepare a photo-anode, and a Pt electrode is used as a counter electrode to assemble a solar cell, wherein an electrolyte is an acetonitrile solution containing 0.5MLiI, 0.05MI2 and 0.5MTBP (4-tert-butyl pyridine).
Example two: preparation of Graphene (GS)/titanium dioxide nanowire array sensitized battery
1. Preparation of titanium dioxide/GS Complex: taking a hydrochloric acid solution of TiCl3 as a titanium source, dissolving 20mg of Graphene Oxide (GO) in 150ml of deionized water, adjusting the pH value to 10, after ultrasonic dispersion, adding 300mg of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and stirring to be completely dissolved, then dropwise adding 1ml of TiCl3 hydrochloric acid solution, and after magnetic stirring and heat preservation at 90 ℃ for 1h, obtaining a uniform and stable graphene and titanium dioxide nanoparticle composite solution;
2. preparing a graphene barrier layer: spin-coating the cleaned FTO glass for 5 times by using the solution to enable the nano particles of the graphene and the titanium dioxide to completely cover the FTO glass sheet, and annealing for 10min at 500 ℃ in the atmosphere of N2;
3. preparing a titanium dioxide nanowire array: covering prepared graphene and titanium dioxide nanoparticles on an FTO glass sheet, putting the FTO glass sheet into a 100mL high-pressure reaction kettle, putting 30mL deionized water and 30mL concentrated hydrochloric acid into a beaker, stirring for 5min, adding 1mL tetrabutyl titanate, magnetically stirring for 5min, pouring the prepared solution into the reaction kettle, sealing, heating at 160 ℃ for 20h, and taking out after the reaction is finished to obtain a nanowire array;
4. sensitization of electrode and battery assembly: sensitization and assembly of the cell in the same example one.
Example three: preparation of titanium dioxide nanowire array/titanium dioxide nanoparticle sensitized cell
1. Preparing a titanium dioxide nanowire array: preparing a titanium dioxide nanowire array in the same example I;
2. growth of titanium dioxide nanoparticles: immersing the grown titanium dioxide nanowire array into 0.2M TiCl4 aqueous solution, preserving heat for 24h at 30 ℃, taking out after the reaction is finished, cleaning with absolute ethyl alcohol, airing at room temperature, and annealing for 20min at 500 ℃ in a nitrogen atmosphere;
3. sensitization of electrode and battery assembly: sensitization and assembly of the cell in the same example one.
Example four: preparation of graphene/titanium dioxide nanowire array/titanium dioxide nanoparticle sensitized cell
1. Preparation of titanium dioxide/GS Complex: taking a hydrochloric acid solution of TiCl3 as a titanium source, dissolving 20mg of GO in 150mL of deionized water, adjusting the pH value to 10, adding 300mg of PVP after ultrasonic dispersion, stirring and completely dissolving, then dropwise adding 1mL of TiCl3 hydrochloric acid solution, and carrying out magnetic stirring, keeping the temperature at 90 ℃ for 1h to obtain a graphene and titanium dioxide nanoparticle composite solution which is stable;
2. preparing a graphene barrier layer: preparing a graphene barrier layer in the same example II;
3. preparing a titanium dioxide nanowire array: preparing a titanium dioxide nano array in the same example II;
4. growth of titanium dioxide nanoparticles: the growth of titanium dioxide nanoparticles as in example three; .
5. Sensitization of electrode and battery assembly: sensitization and assembly of the cell in the same example one.
The implementation effect is as follows:
the performance test of the cell was carried out under irradiation with standard light intensity of AM1.5, 100mW/cm 2. The battery prepared in example one had an open circuit voltage of 0.76V, a short circuit current density of 3.78mA/cm2, a fill factor of 0.55, and a conversion efficiency of 1.59%; the open-circuit voltage of the battery prepared in the second example is 0.77V, the short-circuit current density is 5.23mA/cm2, the filling factor is 0.65, and the conversion efficiency is 2.62%, wherein the current density and the filling factor are obviously improved, mainly because the second example constructs a graphene barrier layer on FTO glass on the basis of the first example, and electrons can be rapidly transferred to the FTO glass by utilizing the rapid conductivity of the graphene, so that the dark current is reduced, the filling factor is improved, and the current density is increased; the cell prepared in example three had an open circuit voltage of 0.76V, a short circuit current density of 10.47mA/cm2, a fill factor of 0.56, and a conversion efficiency of 4.47%; in example four, the open circuit voltage was 0.76V, the short circuit current density was 17.06mA/cm2, the fill factor was 0.62, and the conversion efficiency was 8.04%. Compared with the first example, the second example and the third example, the conversion efficiency of the fourth example is the maximum and is greater than the sum of the conversion efficiencies of the second example and the third example, which shows that the composite structure of the graphene, the titanium dioxide nanowire array and the titanium dioxide nanoparticles can fully exert the advantages of various materials, and the conversion efficiency of the battery is obviously improved.
Claims (9)
1. A photoanode of a solar cell, comprising: the photo-anode of the solar cell is composed of a graphene/titanium dioxide nanoparticle composite layer, a titanium dioxide nanowire array and titanium dioxide nanoparticles filled between the titanium dioxide nanowire array, wherein the titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the graphene/titanium dioxide nanoparticle composite layer are used as a seed crystal layer to grow to obtain the titanium dioxide nanowire array, and the graphene in the graphene/titanium dioxide nanoparticle composite layer is used as a barrier layer of electrolyte.
2. The method of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
the first step is as follows: preparing a uniform graphene/titanium dioxide nanoparticle film on FTO glass, wherein the graphene/titanium dioxide nanoparticle film is used as a barrier layer, and titanium dioxide nanoparticles are used as seed crystals for growing a titanium dioxide nanowire array;
the second step is that: growing a titanium dioxide nanowire array on an FTO glass sheet by using a hydrothermal method;
the third step: attaching titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the titanium dioxide nanowire array;
the fourth step: calcining the prepared composite structure in a nitrogen atmosphere;
the fifth step: sensitizing a photoanode; sensitizing the photo-anode refers to sensitizing the calcined composite structure by N719 dye to obtain the photo-anode of the solar cell;
the step 1 of preparing the graphene/titanium dioxide nanoparticle film on the FTO glass refers to: firstly, preparing a uniform and stable graphene and titanium dioxide nanoparticle composite solution, then, coating the graphene and titanium dioxide nanoparticle composite solution on FTO glass in a spinning way to enable the nanoparticles of graphene and titanium dioxide to completely cover the FTO glass, and annealing in an N2 atmosphere to obtain a graphene/titanium dioxide nanoparticle film; or spin-coating a layer of graphene on FTO glass, then spin-coating titanium dioxide sol, and annealing in the atmosphere of N2 to obtain the graphene/titanium dioxide nanoparticle film.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises: in the first step, the concentration of graphene, namely the mass ratio of graphene to titanium dioxide, is controlled within the range of 3% -12%.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises: the graphene/titanium dioxide nanoparticle thin film prepared on the FTO glass in the first step has a thickness of less than 200 nm.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises: the temperature range of the titanium dioxide nanowire array grown by the hydrothermal method in the second step is 120-200 ℃, and tetrabutyl titanate is used as a precursor of the titanium dioxide nanowire array, wherein the dosage range of the tetrabutyl titanate is 1.4 x 10 < -3 > to 4.4 x 10 < -3 > mol.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises: in the third step, the titanium dioxide nanowire array is treated by TiCl4 aqueous solution or the titanium dioxide sol is coated on the titanium dioxide nanowire array in a spinning way and then annealed to obtain the composite structure of the titanium dioxide nanowire array/titanium dioxide nanoparticles.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the method comprises: and in the third step, the titanium dioxide nanowire array is treated by adopting a TiCl4 aqueous solution so as to attach titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the titanium dioxide nanowire array, the concentration range of the TiCl4 aqueous solution is 0.05-0.4M, the temperature range is 30-90 ℃, and the growth time is 0.5-48 h.
8. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises: the temperature range of the calcination in the fourth step is 400-600 ℃, and the time range is 10-60 min.
9. Use of the photoanode of a solar cell according to claim 1 in the preparation of a solar cell.
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| CN115094622A (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-09-23 | 浙江锌芯友好环境材料科技有限公司 | Carbon cloth substrate cerium dioxide/titanium dioxide nanowire double-layer composite membrane and preparation technology thereof |
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| CN115094622A (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-09-23 | 浙江锌芯友好环境材料科技有限公司 | Carbon cloth substrate cerium dioxide/titanium dioxide nanowire double-layer composite membrane and preparation technology thereof |
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