CN114460786A - Single-pass compact vector light field frequency conversion device and method - Google Patents

Single-pass compact vector light field frequency conversion device and method Download PDF

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CN114460786A
CN114460786A CN202210124517.6A CN202210124517A CN114460786A CN 114460786 A CN114460786 A CN 114460786A CN 202210124517 A CN202210124517 A CN 202210124517A CN 114460786 A CN114460786 A CN 114460786A
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frequency conversion
vector
phase matching
quasi
vector light
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刘海港
郑远林
陈险峰
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/353—Frequency conversion, i.e. wherein a light beam is generated with frequency components different from those of the incident light beams
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/35—Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/355—Non-linear optics characterised by the materials used
    • G02F1/3551—Crystals

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  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)

Abstract

A single-pass compact vector light field frequency conversion device and method includes: the one-dimensional nonlinear photonic crystal with a double-period structure has two quasi-phase matching modes at the same time: namely oo-o and ee-e quasi-phase matching mode, the double-period structure comprises: first and second periodically poled structure regions and a relative spacing region between the two structures. The invention realizes the frequency conversion of two polarization states of a vector light field in a single crystal at the same time by designing the periodic nonlinear photonic crystal structure, does not need complex light path design, has simple, compact and stable structure and small influence by external environment, and can be further applied to integrated devices.

Description

Single-pass compact vector light field frequency conversion device and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technology in the field of frequency conversion in nonlinear optics, in particular to a method for realizing frequency conversion of a vector light field by a nonlinear photonic crystal periodic structure design.
Background
The vector light field is widely applied to the fields of optical micro-control, optical micro-processing, optical communication, single-molecule imaging and the like due to the unique spatial polarization distribution characteristic of the vector light field. At present, the generation of the vector light field is mainly realized by two modes, namely an intracavity mode and an extracavity mode, which are respectively called as an active mode and a passive mode. The researches mainly focus on the linear optics field, and the generation of the vector optical field is realized by combining the mode selection characteristic of the intracavity resonant cavity and the optical diffraction element respectively. The study of the vector light field in nonlinearity is less, and particularly, the high polarization sensitivity characteristic of the nonlinear frequency conversion process can cause the vector light field to return to linearly polarized light after frequency conversion. In order to solve the above problems, researchers have proposed that the frequency conversion from the vector optical field to the vector optical field is realized by cascading nonlinear crystals, mach-zehnder interferometers, signal interferometers and the like. The devices respectively synthesize the nonlinear vector optical field after simultaneously carrying out frequency conversion on two polarization states through two nonlinear crystals or twice through the nonlinear crystals. Therefore, these devices require various optical elements to be matched with each other, which is cumbersome; meanwhile, the frequency conversion of the two nonlinear crystals is greatly influenced by the external environment, so that the phase jitter of the system is caused, and the quality of the generated nonlinear vector light field light beam is further influenced. Therefore, the research on the single-pass and compact vector optical field frequency conversion device is crucial to the subsequent practical application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a single-pass compact vector light field frequency conversion device and a method aiming at the defects of complex light path, various optical elements, large influence of external environment and the like of the conventional vector light field frequency conversion system.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a single-pass compact vector light field frequency conversion device, comprising: the one-dimensional nonlinear photonic crystal with a double-period structure has two quasi-phase matching modes at the same time: namely oo-o and ee-e quasi-phase matching modes.
The bi-periodic structure comprises: first and second periodically poled structure regions and a relative spacing region between the two structures.
The two-period design is characterized in that the periodic structures are respectively designed corresponding to oo-o and ee-e quasi-phase matching modes and can be separately placed in the periodic nonlinear photonic crystal in front and back.
In the double-period design, the relative position of two periods of the double-period design needs to be specially designed, so that the relative phase of the two polarization components after frequency conversion is 0, and the double-period design is flexibly designed according to the adopted mode.
The vector light field frequency conversion refers to: when vector light field
Figure BDA0003499834710000021
After passing through the nonlinear photonic crystal, frequency doubling vector light is generated
Figure BDA0003499834710000022
As shown in fig. 2. Wherein: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
Figure BDA0003499834710000023
and
Figure BDA0003499834710000024
respectively representing the topological charge number, azimuth angle and initial phase of the vector light field. In the process of sum frequency, the frequency is introduced to be omega245 degree linearly polarized light, omega1And ω2After the two paths of light pass through the nonlinear photonic crystal and sum frequency, sum frequency vector light with the same polarization distribution as the incident vector light field is finally generated
Figure BDA0003499834710000025
Technical effects
The invention is based on the nonlinear photonic crystal dual-period design, and respectively completes the frequency conversion of transverse polarized light and vertical polarized light, thereby finally realizing a single-pass and compact vector light field frequency conversion device. Compared with the prior method for completing vector light field frequency conversion by a complex light path design method, the method does not need complex light path design; because the frequency conversion can be realized by passing the vector light field once, the structure is simple, compact and stable, the influence of the external environment is small, and the vector light field can be further applied to integrated devices.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of a single-pass, compact vector optical field frequency conversion device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the experimental test and result prediction of the device in the frequency doubling process according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the experimental test and result prediction of the sum frequency process of the device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment relates to a single-pass compact vector optical field frequency conversion device, which includes: a first periodically poled structure region 1, a second periodically poled structure region 2, and a relative spacing region 3 between the two structures.
The substrate of the vector optical field frequency conversion device is a ferroelectric nonlinear crystal so as to realize periodic polarization to meet quasi-phase matching.
The ferroelectric nonlinear crystal needs to have a nonlinear coefficient and simultaneously satisfies the oo-o and ee-e level matching forms.
The length of the first periodically poled structure region 1 is L1Is composed of a plurality of periodic structures a in a cycle, and the duty ratio of the periodic structures a is D1＝a1/a。
The length of the second periodically poled structure region 2 is L2Is composed of a plurality of periodic structures b in a cycle, and the duty ratio of the periodic structures b is D2＝b1/b，
The length of the relative spacing region 3 is L3The structure size of the nonlinear harmonic filter is required to ensure that the relative phase of the nonlinear harmonic generated by the two nonlinear processes is 0.
In the process of generating quasi-phase matching second harmonic frequency multiplication, the harmonic intensity
Figure BDA0003499834710000026
Wherein: omega is the frequency of the incident fundamental frequency, nωAnd n2ωThe refractive indexes of fundamental frequency light and frequency doubling light in the lithium niobate crystal, c is the speed of light, epsilon0Is a vacuum dielectric constant, dijAs effective nonlinear coefficient, IωIs the intensity of the incident fundamental frequency light; l is the length of the periodic structure, and the periodic structure corresponds to a Fourier expansion coefficient Cm＝[2sin(mπD)]The/m pi, m and D represent the reciprocal lattice vector order used and the duty cycle of the structure, respectively.
The length of the first periodically poled structure region 1 and the length of the second periodically poled structure region 2Degree satisfies
Figure BDA0003499834710000031
Figure BDA0003499834710000032
Wherein: in the periodically poled lithium niobate structure, the nonlinear coefficient satisfying the oo-o phase matching form is d16Quasi-phase matching corresponds to the mth stage; the nonlinear coefficient used for satisfying the ee-e phase matching form is d33The quasi-phase matching corresponds to the nth stage.
By adjusting the length L of the relative spacing region 3 appropriately3So that the relative phase of the second harmonic generated by the two phase matches is 0.
In this embodiment, specifically for frequency conversion from 1064nm to 532nm, level matching is performed by using level m-n-3, and the duty ratio is selected as D1＝D2The calculated period a is 18 μm, b is 21 μm, and the length L is 0.51＝1mm，L2＝9.7mm。
Through specific practical experiments, the nonlinear photonic crystal is manufactured according to the parameters, a vector light field with the wavelength of 1064nm is incident on the nonlinear photonic crystal to generate a frequency doubling vector light field with the wavelength of 532nm, and the polarization state of the vector light field is measured by using a polaroid, so that the vector characteristics of the vector light field can be verified. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an experimental testing apparatus and result prediction according to the present invention.
Compared with the prior art, the device has the advantages that compared with the existing vector light field frequency conversion technology, the device does not need to build a complex light path, and has the characteristics of simple and compact structure, good stability, high efficiency, integration and the like.
The foregoing embodiments may be modified in many different ways by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.

Claims (3)

1. A single-pass compact vector optical field frequency conversion device, comprising: the one-dimensional nonlinear photonic crystal with a double-period structure has two quasi-phase matching modes at the same time: i.e. o-oo and e-ee quasi-phase matching modes;
the bi-periodic structure comprises: first and second periodically poled structure regions and a relative spacing region between the two structures.
2. The single-pass compact vector optical field frequency conversion device as defined in claim 1, wherein said first and second periodically poled structure regions have a length sufficient to provide a desired frequency conversion
Figure FDA0003499834700000011
Wherein: in the periodically poled lithium niobate structure, the nonlinear coefficient used for satisfying the o-oo phase matching form is d16Quasi-phase matching corresponds to the mth stage; the nonlinear coefficient used for satisfying the e-ee phase matching form is d33The quasi-phase matching corresponds to the nth stage.
3. The single-pass compact vector optical field frequency conversion device according to claim 1, wherein the vector optical field frequency conversion is: when vector light field
Figure FDA0003499834700000012
After passing through the nonlinear photonic crystal, frequency doubling vector light is generated
Figure FDA0003499834700000013
Wherein: m is the sum of the total number of the m,
Figure FDA0003499834700000014
and
Figure FDA0003499834700000015
respectively representing the topological charge number, azimuth angle and initial phase of the vector light field, and introducing a frequency omega in the process of sum frequency2The linearly polarized light of 45 degrees finally generates the same polarization distribution as the incident vector light fieldSum frequency vector light
Figure FDA0003499834700000016
Figure FDA0003499834700000017
CN202210124517.6A 2022-02-10 2022-02-10 Single-pass compact vector light field frequency conversion device and method Pending CN114460786A (en)

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