CN114459970B - Device, method and system for automatically measuring sludge sedimentation ratio - Google Patents
Device, method and system for automatically measuring sludge sedimentation ratio Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 188
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 183
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003709 image segmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/04—Investigating sedimentation of particle suspensions
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Abstract
The invention provides a device, a method and a system for automatically measuring a sludge sedimentation ratio, and relates to the field of sewage treatment. The invention provides a device for automatically measuring sludge sedimentation ratio, which comprises a black box, a sedimentation container, an image acquisition device, a sampling device and a data processing and controlling device. The peristaltic pump, the sample injection electromagnetic valve and the sample outlet electromagnetic valve are in communication connection through the data processing and control device, so that the flow and time of the peristaltic pump can be controlled, the opening and closing of the sample injection electromagnetic valve and the sample outlet electromagnetic valve are controlled, automatic and quantitative sludge sample injection is realized, and meanwhile, the peristaltic pump is small in shearing force, and the peristaltic pump is suitable for transporting the shear force sensitive fluid of sludge; the image acquisition device can automatically acquire the sludge image through the communication connection of the data processing and control device and the image acquisition device, and the data processing and calculation are carried out through the data processing and control device, so that the highly-automatic measurement of the sludge sedimentation ratio is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sewage treatment, in particular to a device, a method and a system for automatically measuring sludge sedimentation ratio.
Background
The sludge sedimentation ratio (sludge settling velocity, SV) generally refers to the proportion of the volume of the precipitated sludge formed by rapidly pouring the mixed liquor of the aeration tank into a measuring cylinder and standing for 30min to the volume of the original mixed liquor, and is expressed as percent. The SV value can reflect the sludge quantity and the coagulation and sedimentation performance of the sludge during the normal operation of the aeration tank, the occurrence of the sludge bulking phenomenon can be judged and found through the SV value change, and the SV value can also be used for controlling the residual sludge discharge. Therefore, the sludge sedimentation ratio is a key index in the field of sewage treatment.
The traditional sludge sedimentation ratio measurement is to manually add uniformly mixed sludge into a 100mL graduated cylinder, and read the percentage of the volume of the sludge to the total volume by human eyes after sedimentation for 30 min. The traditional method has low automation degree, the sample injection process needs to be performed manually, and after a certain time of sedimentation, people may miss the best time of reading, so that errors are caused to the reading, and the reading is inevitably subjected to manual visual inspection; in addition, the traditional measurement method cannot record the concrete process of sludge sedimentation, cannot judge the quality of sludge sedimentation performance, and only obtains a sludge sedimentation ratio result.
Compared with the traditional sample injection mode, the automatic sample injection is realized by using the centrifugal pump to take sludge from the aeration tank, but the sample injection cannot be quantitative, the liquid level is required to be judged manually, so that whether the sample injection is finished is judged, in addition, the sludge is very sensitive to the shearing force, the form of the sludge can be damaged by using the centrifugal pump, and the reading of the sedimentation ratio of the sludge can be influenced to a certain extent. In order to realize quantitative sample injection, some measuring devices use a liquid level sensor, and sample injection is stopped when the liquid level reaches a target position, so that the complexity of the whole equipment is increased, the cost is high, and in addition, the sludge sedimentation process cannot be well monitored.
In terms of measurement readings, in recent years, a laser emitter and a laser receiver (or a light source such as microwave emitter and a light source such as microwave receiver) are often used for measuring the sludge sedimentation ratio, and according to the difference of light transmittance of water and sludge, the interface between the water and the sludge is judged, so that the sludge sedimentation ratio is obtained, but the complexity of the whole equipment is increased, and the cost is increased.
Along with the development of machine vision analysis technology, the method is also applied to the measurement of the sludge sedimentation ratio at present, and the method is to acquire sludge pictures through a camera device and obtain the sludge sedimentation ratio based on picture analysis and calculation.
For example, chinese patent document CN109596614a discloses an intelligent evaluation system for visual analysis of sludge sedimentation ratio, comprising: the black box main body and an external electronic control device connected with the black box main body; the black box main body is provided with a box body with four walls, an imaging device is arranged on the inner wall of one surface of the black box main body, lighting equipment is arranged on the inner wall opposite to the imaging device, a measuring container connected with the upper wall and the lower wall of the black box main body is arranged between the imaging device and the lighting equipment, and the measuring container is a transparent measuring container with scales. According to the technical scheme, although intelligent evaluation of the sludge sedimentation ratio can be realized through the image pickup device, artificial sample injection is still needed, and the detection time is difficult to grasp.
From the measurement method provided by the patent document, the method is to compare the pictures recorded by the camera with the similar pictures of the cloud system storage area in the cloud data, search the pictures in the database with similar sludge colors, particles and turbidity, and obtain the intelligent evaluation of the activated sludge mixed liquid to be tested, wherein the evaluation and description of the preset standard pictures in the storage area in the cloud database come from the routine standard experience of the expert in the field and the rich experience judgment of the remote expert. Therefore, the measurement method still needs to rely on experience judgment, and the graph comparison can not obtain an accurate sludge sedimentation ratio result.
In addition, other methods are based on the difference of pixel values and the extracted characteristics of water and sludge in pictures, the positions of water and sludge interfaces are determined, the sludge sedimentation ratio is calculated and obtained through the height ratio of the sludge interfaces, however, the sludge sedimentation process is based on the fact that the sludge has certain viscosity, the liquid level is not strictly positioned on a horizontal plane, the recognition effect of the sludge interfaces is poor, and the sludge sedimentation ratio obtained by the method is also poor in accuracy.
Therefore, the device for automatically measuring the sludge sedimentation ratio based on the machine vision recognition technology and the method for improving the accuracy of the measurement result are provided, and the technical problem to be solved in the field is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for automatically measuring sludge sedimentation ratio based on machine vision recognition technology.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a method for automatically measuring the sludge sedimentation ratio with more accurate measurement results.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for automatically measuring sludge sedimentation ratio, comprising:
a black box, wherein a dark accommodating space is formed inside;
The sedimentation container is arranged in the black box, the upper end of the sedimentation container is a sample inlet, and the lower end of the sedimentation container is a sample outlet;
the image acquisition device is arranged in the black box;
The sampling device comprises a sampling pipeline communicated with the sampling port, a peristaltic pump and a sampling electromagnetic valve which are arranged on the sampling pipeline, and a sampling electromagnetic valve which is arranged on the sampling pipeline, wherein the sampling electromagnetic valve is positioned between the peristaltic pump and the sampling port;
And the data processing and controlling device is respectively in communication connection with the image acquisition device, the peristaltic pump, the sample injection electromagnetic valve and the sample output electromagnetic valve.
Further, an overflow port is formed in the sedimentation container, the volume of the sedimentation container below the overflow port is equal to the sampling volume of the sedimentation container, the overflow port is connected with an overflow pipe, and the overflow pipe extends out of the black box.
Further, the sedimentation vessel is a transparent, non-graduated cylindrical cylinder.
Further, the device for automatically measuring the sludge sedimentation ratio further comprises:
the waste water collecting tank is communicated with the outlet pipe; and/or
The lighting device is arranged in the black box.
Further, the central axis of the lens of the image acquisition device and one half of the sampling volume of the sedimentation container are positioned on the same horizontal plane.
Further, the data processing and controlling device is an industrial computer.
Further, the image acquisition device is a camera.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for automatically measuring a sludge sedimentation ratio, and an apparatus for automatically measuring a sludge sedimentation ratio based on the method, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, receiving an instruction for starting to measure the sludge sedimentation ratio, controlling the sample outlet electromagnetic valve to be closed, and controlling the peristaltic pump and the sample inlet electromagnetic valve to be opened so that a sludge sample to be measured enters the sedimentation container through the sample inlet pipeline;
S2, after the sample injection is judged to be finished, the peristaltic pump and the sample injection electromagnetic valve are controlled to be closed, the image acquisition device is controlled to be opened so as to shoot an image of a sludge sample in the sedimentation container when the sample injection is finished for i minutes, wherein i=0-30, and i is an integer;
S3, acquiring an image shot when the sample injection is completed for i minutes, and performing machine vision identification on the acquired image to obtain a projection area S i of an area where the sludge is located in the i minutes;
S4, calculating the sludge sedimentation ratio at i minutes according to SV i＝Si/S0.
Further, the method for automatically measuring the sludge sedimentation ratio further comprises the following steps:
s40, taking time as an abscissa and taking the projection area of the area where the sludge is located at the corresponding moment and/or the calculated sludge sedimentation ratio as an ordinate to form a sludge sedimentation curve.
Further, the method for automatically measuring the sludge sedimentation ratio further comprises the following steps:
S5, after the measurement is judged to be finished, controlling a sample outlet electromagnetic valve to be opened so as to discharge a sludge sample in the sedimentation container;
S6, after the sludge sample is completely discharged, controlling the sample outlet electromagnetic valve to be closed, and controlling the peristaltic pump and the sample inlet electromagnetic valve to be opened so as to introduce clean water into the sedimentation container for cleaning;
and S7, after the cleaning is judged, controlling the sample outlet electromagnetic valve to be opened, and controlling the peristaltic pump and the sample inlet electromagnetic valve to be closed so as to discharge the waste water after the cleaning in the sedimentation container.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a system for automated measurement of sludge sedimentation ratio comprising:
A memory for storing a computer program;
and the processor is used for calling and executing the computer program to realize the steps of the method for automatically measuring the sludge sedimentation ratio.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer readable storage medium comprising a software program adapted to be executed by a processor for the steps of the method of automatically measuring sludge sedimentation ratio.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. The invention provides a device, a method and a system for automatically measuring a sludge sedimentation ratio, and relates to the field of sewage treatment. The invention provides a device for automatically measuring sludge sedimentation ratio, which comprises a black box, a sedimentation container, an image acquisition device, a sampling device and a data processing and controlling device. The peristaltic pump, the sample injection electromagnetic valve and the sample outlet electromagnetic valve are in communication connection through the data processing and control device, so that the flow and time of the peristaltic pump can be controlled, the opening and closing of the sample injection electromagnetic valve and the sample outlet electromagnetic valve are controlled, automatic and quantitative sludge sample injection is realized, and meanwhile, the peristaltic pump is small in shearing force, and the peristaltic pump is suitable for transporting the shear force sensitive fluid of sludge; the image acquisition device can automatically acquire the sludge image through the communication connection of the data processing and control device and the image acquisition device, and the data processing and calculation are carried out through the data processing and control device, so that the highly-automatic measurement of the sludge sedimentation ratio is realized.
2. The method for automatically measuring the sludge sedimentation ratio can utilize the image acquisition device to snap the picture in the sedimentation process, and utilize the machine vision recognition technology to analyze the picture, so that the final sludge sedimentation ratio is obtained, the sedimentation process of the sludge is quantitatively recorded, and the method can be used for analyzing the sludge sedimentation performance. The projection area of the area where the sludge is located is obtained by utilizing the machine identification technology, and the corresponding sludge sedimentation ratio is calculated according to the ratio of the projection area, so that on one hand, the requirement on an image acquisition device is low, the cost is low, and on the other hand, the accuracy of the sludge sedimentation ratio obtained by utilizing the projection area is higher, the problems that the cement interface is unclear and the calculation result of the cement interface height is inaccurate due to the fact that the sludge viscosity is different are overcome, and the problem that the accuracy of the measurement result is difficult to guarantee because a preset standard picture is required to be set in advance by experience is also solved. In addition, the measurement of the sludge sedimentation ratio is not limited to the height of the initial liquid level, and even if the liquid level does not reach the height of the overflow port or quantitative sample injection cannot be performed (for example, the flow of actual sample injection is different from the preset flow and has a certain error after long-term operation and is affected by part aging), the projection area of the area where the sludge is located can still be determined by a machine vision recognition technology, and then the result of the sludge sedimentation ratio is calculated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an apparatus for automatically measuring sludge sedimentation ratio in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the hardware connection relation of the device for automatically measuring the sludge sedimentation ratio in the embodiment 1 of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for automatically measuring sludge sedimentation ratio in example 2 of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a diagram (left) of a picture taken by the method provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention and a binary diagram (right) obtained by extracting features of the picture;
FIG. 5 is a plot of sedimentation in area values obtained using the method provided in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a sedimentation curve expressed as a sludge sedimentation ratio SV30 obtained by the method provided in example 2 of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-a black box; 2-a settling vessel; 3-an image acquisition device; 4-a sample injection pipeline; 5-a sample outlet pipeline; 6-peristaltic pump; 7-a sample injection electromagnetic valve; 8-a sample outlet electromagnetic valve; 9-a data processing and control device; 10-overflow port; 11-overflow pipe; 12-a waste water collecting tank; 13-lighting device.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the positional or positional relationship indicated by the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the positional or positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element in question must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In addition, the technical features of the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides an apparatus for automatically measuring a sludge sedimentation ratio, comprising:
A black box 1;
the sedimentation container 2 is arranged in the black box 1, the upper end of the sedimentation container is a sample inlet, and the lower end of the sedimentation container is a sample outlet;
The image acquisition device 3 is arranged in the black box 1;
The sampling device comprises a sample injection pipeline 4 communicated with a sample injection port, a sample outlet pipeline 5 communicated with a sample outlet port, a peristaltic pump 6 and a sample injection electromagnetic valve 7 which are arranged on the sample injection pipeline 4, and a sample outlet electromagnetic valve 8 which is arranged on the sample outlet pipeline 5, wherein the sample injection electromagnetic valve 7 is positioned between the peristaltic pump 6 and the sample injection port;
the data processing and controlling device 9 is respectively in communication connection with the image acquisition device 3, the peristaltic pump 6, the sample injection electromagnetic valve 7 and the sample outlet electromagnetic valve 8.
According to the device for automatically measuring the sludge sedimentation ratio, which is provided by the invention, the data processing and control device 9 is in communication connection with the peristaltic pump 6, the sample injection electromagnetic valve 7 and the sample discharge electromagnetic valve 8, so that the flow and time of the peristaltic pump 6 can be controlled, and the opening and closing of the sample injection electromagnetic valve 7 and the sample discharge electromagnetic valve 8 are controlled, the automatic and quantitative sludge sample injection is realized, and meanwhile, the shearing force of the peristaltic pump 6 is very small, so that the device is suitable for transporting the shear force sensitive fluid such as sludge; the image acquisition device 3 can automatically acquire sludge images through the communication connection of the data processing and control device 9 and the image acquisition device 3, and the data processing and control device 9 is used for data processing and calculation, so that the highly-automatic measurement of the sludge sedimentation ratio is realized.
The black box 1 is used for providing a dark environment for measurement, stabilizing the light source in the black box 1 and reducing the influence of an external light source on a detection result, the shape, the size, the material and the like of the black box 1 are not limited, and all the box bodies capable of realizing the functions are within the scope of the invention.
As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the black box 1 is made of opaque milky organic glass, so that a dark environment in the box can be provided.
As an alternative implementation mode of the invention, the black box 1 is of a box-shaped structure with a cube, and consists of four side walls, a top surface and a bottom surface, wherein the top surface is preferably a detachable cover body, so that the space in the black box 1 can be opened or closed from the upper part, the sludge hung on the inner wall of the sedimentation container 2 can be cleaned regularly, and the invention is convenient and simple.
The sedimentation container 2 is used for containing a sludge sample, provides a space for sedimentation of the sludge sample, and is mainly a shooting object of the image acquisition device 3. The invention is not limited to the shape, volume, material and the like of the sedimentation container 2, and any container capable of realizing the functions is within the scope of the invention.
As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the sedimentation vessel 2 is selected from a transparent, non-graduated cylindrical graduated cylinder. The presence of a scale affects the picture feature extraction process and is therefore preferably a graduated cylinder. The measuring cylinder is preferably made of organic glass and has a volume of 100mL. The upper end of the measuring cylinder is open to form a sample inlet, and the bottom surface of the lower end is provided with a sample outlet, so that a sludge sample can enter the measuring cylinder from the sample inlet and be discharged from the sample outlet at the bottom to a sample outlet pipeline 5 communicated with the sample outlet.
As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the sedimentation vessel 2 is also provided with an overflow port 10, the volume of the sedimentation vessel 2 below the overflow port 10 is equal to the sampling volume thereof, the overflow port 10 is connected with an overflow pipe 11, and the overflow pipe 11 extends out of the black box 1. The overflow port 10 is used for judging whether the sample injection is finished or not and avoiding the overflow of the sludge sample in the container into the black box 1. The sedimentation container 2 can be fixed by fixedly connecting the overflow pipe 11 of the sedimentation container 2 with the side wall of the black box 1 and fixedly connecting the overflow pipe 5 connected with the sedimentation container 2 with the bottom surface of the black box 1.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus for automatically measuring a sludge sedimentation ratio further comprises: the waste water collecting tank 12 is communicated with the outlet pipe 5. When the sedimentation vessel 2 is also provided with an overflow port 10 and is connected with an overflow pipe 11, the end of the overflow pipe 11 which is not connected with the sedimentation vessel 2 is also communicated with a waste water collecting tank 12, so that the overflow of sludge in the black box 1 can be prevented.
The image pickup device 3 according to the present invention is a device capable of taking and picking up an image, such as a camera, a video camera, or the like. The invention preferably employs a camera.
As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the central axis of the lens of the image acquisition device 3 is located on the same horizontal plane as one half of the sampling volume of the sedimentation container 2. The arrangement can enable the lens of the image acquisition device 3 to shoot the form of the sludge sample in the sedimentation device more clearly and completely.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus for automatically measuring a sludge sedimentation ratio further comprises: the lighting device 13 is provided in the black box 1. The image acquisition device 3 with an automatic light supplementing function can be adopted, in order to further ensure the stability of the light source in the black box 1, the illumination device 13 is arranged, the position of the illumination device 13 is not limited, and the positions of the illumination device 13, the image acquisition device 3 and the sedimentation device are ensured to be relatively fixed in the measuring process, so that the influence of other factors on the measuring result is eliminated. For example, the illumination device 13 may be mounted on the top surface of the black box 1, and the image capturing device 3 and the sedimentation container 2 are respectively disposed on two opposite side surfaces of the black box 1, so that the image capturing device 3 is located right opposite to the sedimentation container 2.
The sampling device is used for introducing a sludge sample to be measured into the sedimentation container 2 for measurement, and discharging the sludge sample in the sedimentation container 2 after the measurement is completed. The sludge sample is introduced and discharged as follows: one end of the sample feeding pipeline 4 is communicated with the aeration tank, a peristaltic pump 6 and a sample feeding electromagnetic valve 7 on the sample feeding pipeline 4 are opened, a sample discharging electromagnetic valve 8 on the sample discharging pipeline 5 is closed, a sludge sample is pumped into the sample feeding pipeline 4 by the aeration tank and then enters the sedimentation container 2, after sample feeding is completed, the peristaltic pump 6 and the sample feeding electromagnetic valve 7 on the sample feeding pipeline 4 are closed to stop sample feeding, after sludge sedimentation ratio measurement is completed, the sample discharging electromagnetic valve 8 on the sample discharging pipeline 5 is opened, and the sludge sample in the sedimentation container 2 is discharged by the sample discharging pipeline 5. The peristaltic pump 6 has small shearing force, is suitable for transporting the shear force sensitive fluid of the sludge, and avoids damaging the form of the sludge, so that the measurement result of the sludge sedimentation ratio is more accurate.
The data processing and controlling device 9 is in communication connection with the image acquisition device 3, the peristaltic pump 6, the sample injection electromagnetic valve 7 and the sample outlet electromagnetic valve 8. The data processing and controlling device 9 is in communication connection with the image acquisition device 3 and is used for controlling the opening and closing and the working of the image acquisition device 3, the acquisition and the processing of image information and the calculation of the sludge sedimentation ratio. The data processing and controlling device 9 is in communication connection with the peristaltic pump 6, the sample injection electromagnetic valve 7 and the sample outlet electromagnetic valve 8 and is used for controlling the opening and closing of the peristaltic pump 6, the sample injection electromagnetic valve 7 and the sample outlet electromagnetic valve 8 so as to automatically sample. The quantitative sampling of the sludge sample is realized by controlling the rotating speed and the starting time of the peristaltic pump 6, and all devices capable of realizing the functions are within the scope of the invention.
As an alternative embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 2, the data processing and control device 9 is an industrial computer. The camera as the image acquisition device 3 is connected with the industrial computer through a USB interface in a communication way. Peristaltic pump 6 is connected with industrial computer through RS485 communication, adopts the mode of serial ports. The sample injection electromagnetic valve 7 and the sample discharge electromagnetic valve 8 comprise a data acquisition card, an electromagnetic relay and a valve which are sequentially connected, and the data acquisition card is in communication connection with an industrial computer. The industrial computer outputs digital signals, enters the data acquisition card, is further converted into electric signals, and controls the opening and closing of the valve through the amplification of the electromagnetic relay. The measurement result can be displayed through a display screen of the industrial computer, man-machine interaction is realized through the display screen, and related instructions are input to control the measurement system.
As shown in fig. 3, the present invention also provides a method for automatically measuring a sludge sedimentation ratio, based on the apparatus for automatically measuring a sludge sedimentation ratio shown in fig. 1, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, receiving an instruction for starting to measure the sludge sedimentation ratio, controlling a sample outlet electromagnetic valve 8 to be closed, and controlling a peristaltic pump 6 and a sample inlet electromagnetic valve 7 to be opened so that a sludge sample to be measured enters the sedimentation container 2 through a sample inlet pipeline 4;
S2, after the sample injection is judged to be finished, the peristaltic pump 6 and the sample injection electromagnetic valve 7 are controlled to be closed, the image acquisition device 3 is controlled to be opened so as to shoot an image of a sludge sample in the sedimentation container 2 when the sample injection is finished for i minutes, i=0-30, and i is an integer;
S3, acquiring an image shot when the sample injection is completed for i minutes, and performing machine vision identification on the acquired image to obtain a projection area S i of an area where the sludge is located in the i minutes;
S4, calculating the sludge sedimentation ratio at i minutes according to SV i＝Si/S0.
The method for automatically measuring the sludge sedimentation ratio can utilize the image acquisition device 3 to snap the picture in the sedimentation process, and utilize the machine vision recognition technology to analyze the picture, so that the final sludge sedimentation ratio is obtained, the sedimentation process of the sludge is quantitatively recorded, and the method can be used for analyzing the sedimentation performance of the sludge. The projected area of the area where the sludge is located is obtained by utilizing the machine identification technology, and the corresponding sludge sedimentation ratio is calculated according to the ratio of the projected area, so that on one hand, the requirement on the image acquisition device 3 is low, the cost is low, and on the other hand, the accuracy of the sludge sedimentation ratio obtained by utilizing the projected area is higher, the problems that the cement interface is unclear and the calculation result of the cement interface height is inaccurate due to the fact that the sludge viscosity is different are overcome, and the problem that the accuracy of the measurement result is difficult to guarantee because a preset standard picture is required to be set in advance by experience is solved.
The above steps are performed by the data processing and control device 9. The above steps may be accomplished by programming, for example, by executing a program based on a Python design.
In step S3, according to the difference of gray level and color of the supernatant and the liquid level where the sludge is located in the photographed image, the contour of the sludge in the sedimentation container 2 is extracted by the image segmentation and clustering method, and the projection area S i of the area where the sludge is located in i minutes is obtained by calculating the area of the contour. The machine vision recognition method can be implemented according to the prior art, and is not described herein.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the method for automatically measuring the sludge sedimentation ratio further comprises:
s40, taking time as an abscissa and taking the projection area of the area where the sludge is located at the corresponding moment and/or the calculated sludge sedimentation ratio as an ordinate to form a sludge sedimentation curve.
The dynamic process of sludge sedimentation can be observed by forming a sludge sedimentation curve, and the final sludge sedimentation ratio value of sedimentation for 30min is obtained. The steps can also be realized through programming, and the sludge sedimentation curve is displayed on a human-computer interaction interface.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the method for automatically measuring the sludge sedimentation ratio further comprises:
S5, after the measurement is judged to be completed, controlling a sample outlet electromagnetic valve 8 to be opened so as to discharge a sludge sample in the sedimentation container 2;
S6, after the sludge sample is completely discharged, controlling the sample outlet electromagnetic valve 8 to be closed, and controlling the peristaltic pump 6 and the sample inlet electromagnetic valve 7 to be opened so as to introduce clean water into the sedimentation container 2 for cleaning;
and S7, after the cleaning is judged, controlling the sample outlet electromagnetic valve 8 to be opened, and controlling the peristaltic pump 6 and the sample inlet electromagnetic valve 7 to be closed so as to discharge the waste water after the cleaning in the sedimentation container 2.
By the steps, the self-cleaning of the sedimentation container 2 can be realized, and the sample injection pipeline 4 is required to be communicated with clean water. The cleaning step may be set according to the cleaning effect, for example, steps S6 and S7 are repeatedly performed, and cleaning is performed 2 to 3 times.
The invention also provides a system for automatically measuring the sludge sedimentation ratio, which comprises:
A memory for storing a computer program;
and the processor is used for calling and executing a computer program to realize the steps of the method for automatically measuring the sludge sedimentation ratio.
The invention also provides a computer readable storage medium comprising a software program adapted to be executed by a processor for the steps of the aforementioned method of automatically measuring sludge sedimentation ratio.
The apparatus and method provided by the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides an apparatus for automatically measuring a sludge sedimentation ratio, which comprises the following components:
The black box 1 is internally provided with a dark accommodating space and is of a cuboid structure, and consists of a box body and a box cover, wherein the box body and the box cover are made of organic glass, and the box body and the box cover are made of opaque milky organic glass;
the sedimentation container 2 is arranged in the black box 1 and is close to the center of the right side wall, a transparent cylindrical measuring cylinder made of organic glass is selected, the volume is 100mL, the upper end of the measuring cylinder is open to form a sample inlet, the bottom surface of the lower end of the measuring cylinder is provided with a sample outlet, the side wall of one end of the measuring cylinder, which is close to the sample inlet, is provided with an overflow port 10, the overflow port 10 is connected with an overflow pipe 11, and the overflow pipe 11 penetrates out of the side wall of the box body and extends out of the black box 1;
The lighting device 13 is arranged on the box cover of the black box 1 and is positioned at the center of the box cover;
The image acquisition device 3 is used for selecting a camera and is arranged on the left side wall of the black box 1, the central axis of a lens of the camera and one half of the sampling volume of the measuring cylinder are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the camera is opposite to the measuring cylinder;
The sampling device comprises a sampling pipeline 4 communicated with a sampling port, a sampling pipeline 5 communicated with the sampling port, a peristaltic pump 6 and a sampling electromagnetic valve 7 which are arranged on the sampling pipeline 4, and a sampling electromagnetic valve 8 which is arranged on the sampling pipeline 5, wherein the sampling electromagnetic valve 7 is positioned between the peristaltic pump 6 and the sampling port, specifically, one end of the sampling pipeline 4 is connected with an aeration tank/clean water tank, the other end of the sampling pipeline is positioned right above an opening of a measuring cylinder, an opening is formed in a corresponding position on a box cover, and the sampling pipeline 5 penetrates out of the bottom surface of the box body;
a waste water collecting tank 12 arranged below the black box 1 and positioned below the outlet pipe 5 and the overflow pipe 11;
The data processing and controlling device 9 selects an industrial computer and is respectively in communication connection with a camera, a peristaltic pump 6, a sample injection electromagnetic valve 7 and a sample discharge electromagnetic valve 8, wherein the camera is in communication connection with the industrial computer through a USB interface, the peristaltic pump 6 is in communication with the industrial computer through RS485 and is connected in a serial port mode, the sample injection electromagnetic valve 7 and the sample discharge electromagnetic valve 8 are respectively composed of a data acquisition card, an electromagnetic relay and a valve which are sequentially connected, and the data acquisition card is in communication connection with the industrial computer.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a method for automatically measuring a sludge sedimentation ratio, and the method for automatically measuring a sludge sedimentation ratio based on the apparatus for automatically measuring a sludge sedimentation ratio provided in embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
s1, receiving an instruction for starting to measure the sludge sedimentation ratio, controlling a sample outlet electromagnetic valve 8 to be closed, controlling a peristaltic pump 6 and a sample inlet electromagnetic valve 7 to be opened so as to enable a sludge sample to be measured to enter a sedimentation container 2 through a sample inlet pipeline 4, and introducing the sample inlet pipeline 4 into an aeration tank at the moment;
s2, after the sample injection is judged to be finished, the peristaltic pump 6 and the sample injection electromagnetic valve 7 are controlled to be closed, the image acquisition device 3 is controlled to be opened so as to shoot the image of the sludge sample in the sedimentation container 2 when the sample injection is finished for i minutes, one image can be shot when the sample injection is finished, and then one image is shot every minute until the sample injection is finished for 30 minutes;
S3, acquiring an image shot when the sample injection is completed for i minutes, and performing machine vision identification on the acquired image to obtain a projection area S i of an area where the sludge is located in the i minutes;
s4, calculating the sludge sedimentation ratio in i minutes according to SV i＝Si/S0;
s40, taking time as an abscissa and taking the projection area of the area where the sludge is located at the corresponding moment and the calculated sludge sedimentation ratio as an ordinate to form a sludge sedimentation curve;
S5, after the measurement is judged to be completed, controlling a sample outlet electromagnetic valve 8 to be opened so as to discharge a sludge sample in the sedimentation container 2;
s6, after judging that the sludge sample is discharged completely, controlling the sample outlet electromagnetic valve 8 to be closed, controlling the peristaltic pump 6 and the sample inlet electromagnetic valve 7 to be opened so as to introduce clean water into the sedimentation container 2 for cleaning, and introducing the sample inlet pipeline 4 into a clean water tank at the moment;
and S7, after the cleaning is judged, controlling the sample outlet electromagnetic valve 8 to be opened, and controlling the peristaltic pump 6 and the sample inlet electromagnetic valve 7 to be closed so as to discharge the waste water after the cleaning in the sedimentation container 2.
The above steps are accomplished by an industrial computer executing a program based on Python design.
As shown in fig. 4, the left image is an image captured by the camera when i=13 minutes, and the right image is a binary image obtained by extracting features from the left image.
As shown in fig. 5, a sludge sedimentation curve is formed by taking the sample injection completion time (min) as an abscissa and taking the projection area (area value) of the region where the sludge is located at the corresponding moment as an ordinate; as shown in fig. 6, a sludge sedimentation curve is formed by taking the sample introduction completion time (min) as an abscissa and the sludge sedimentation ratio (SV 30) calculated at the corresponding time as an ordinate.
It is apparent that the above examples are given by way of illustration only and are not limiting of the embodiments. Other variations or modifications of the above teachings will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. It is not necessary here nor is it exhaustive of all embodiments. While still being apparent from variations or modifications that may be made by those skilled in the art are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for automatically measuring the sludge sedimentation ratio is characterized in that based on a device for automatically measuring the sludge sedimentation ratio,
The automatic sludge sedimentation ratio measuring device comprises:
a black box, wherein a dark accommodating space is formed inside;
The sedimentation container is arranged in the black box, the upper end of the sedimentation container is a sample inlet, the lower end of the sedimentation container is a sample outlet, and the sedimentation container is a transparent cylindrical measuring cylinder without scales;
the lighting device is arranged in the black box;
the image acquisition device is arranged in the black box, and the central axis of a lens of the image acquisition device and one half of the sampling volume of the sedimentation container are positioned on the same horizontal plane;
The sampling device comprises a sampling pipeline communicated with the sampling port, a peristaltic pump and a sampling electromagnetic valve which are arranged on the sampling pipeline, and a sampling electromagnetic valve which is arranged on the sampling pipeline, wherein the sampling electromagnetic valve is positioned between the peristaltic pump and the sampling port;
The data processing and controlling device is respectively connected with the image acquisition device, the peristaltic pump, the sample injection electromagnetic valve and the sample output electromagnetic valve in a communication way,
The method comprises the following steps:
s1, receiving an instruction for starting to measure the sludge sedimentation ratio, controlling the sample outlet electromagnetic valve to be closed, and controlling the peristaltic pump and the sample inlet electromagnetic valve to be opened so that a sludge sample to be measured enters the sedimentation container through the sample inlet pipeline;
S2, after the sample injection is judged to be finished, the peristaltic pump and the sample injection electromagnetic valve are controlled to be closed, the image acquisition device is controlled to be opened so as to shoot an image of a sludge sample in the sedimentation container when the sample injection is finished for i minutes, wherein i=0-30, and i is an integer;
S3, acquiring an image shot when the sample injection is completed for i minutes, and performing machine vision identification on the acquired image to obtain a projection area S i of an area where the sludge is located in the i minutes;
S4, calculating the sludge sedimentation ratio at i minutes according to SV i＝Si/S0.
2. The method for automatically measuring sludge sedimentation ratio according to claim 1, further comprising:
s40, taking time as an abscissa and taking the projection area of the area where the sludge is located at the corresponding moment and/or the calculated sludge sedimentation ratio as an ordinate to form a sludge sedimentation curve.
3. The method for automatically measuring sludge sedimentation ratio according to claim 1, further comprising:
S5, after the measurement is judged to be finished, controlling a sample outlet electromagnetic valve to be opened so as to discharge a sludge sample in the sedimentation container;
S6, after the sludge sample is completely discharged, controlling the sample outlet electromagnetic valve to be closed, and controlling the peristaltic pump and the sample inlet electromagnetic valve to be opened so as to introduce clean water into the sedimentation container for cleaning;
and S7, after the cleaning is judged, controlling the sample outlet electromagnetic valve to be opened, and controlling the peristaltic pump and the sample inlet electromagnetic valve to be closed so as to discharge the waste water after the cleaning in the sedimentation container.
4. The method for automatically measuring the sludge sedimentation ratio according to claim 1, wherein an overflow port is formed in the sedimentation container, the volume of the sedimentation container below the overflow port is equal to the sampling volume of the sedimentation container, and an overflow pipe is connected to the overflow port and extends out of the black box.
5. The method for automatically measuring sludge sedimentation ratio according to claim 1, further comprising:
And the waste water collecting tank is communicated with the outlet pipe.
6. The method for automatically measuring the sludge sedimentation ratio according to claim 1, wherein,
The data processing and controlling device is an industrial computer; and/or
The image acquisition device is a camera.
7. A system for automated measurement of sludge sedimentation ratio, comprising:
A memory for storing a computer program;
A processor for invoking and executing said computer program to carry out the steps of the method for automatically measuring sludge sedimentation ratio according to any one of claims 1-6.
8. A computer readable storage medium comprising a software program adapted to be executed by a processor the steps of the method of automated sludge sedimentation ratio measurement according to any one of claims 1-6.
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| CN115393869A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-25 | 湖南三友环保科技有限公司 | Volumetric measurement container reading method and device, storage medium and computer equipment |
| CN115308096A (en) * | 2022-10-10 | 2022-11-08 | 四川永沁环境工程有限公司 | Automatic measuring equipment for sedimentation ratio |
| CN115950799B (en) * | 2023-03-10 | 2023-06-30 | 天津创业环保集团股份有限公司 | Sludge sedimentation ratio testing equipment and method without destroying sludge morphology |
| CN116797557A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-09-22 | 浙江沃乐科技有限公司 | Device for intelligent sensing of anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge activity |
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