CN114459924B - Functional part and test device for testing performance of automobile anti-collision material - Google Patents
Functional part and test device for testing performance of automobile anti-collision material Download PDFInfo
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- CN114459924B CN114459924B CN202210057323.9A CN202210057323A CN114459924B CN 114459924 B CN114459924 B CN 114459924B CN 202210057323 A CN202210057323 A CN 202210057323A CN 114459924 B CN114459924 B CN 114459924B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/307—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated by a compressed or tensile-stressed spring; generated by pneumatic or hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/30—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways
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Abstract
The invention discloses a functional component for testing the performance of an anti-collision material, which comprises a shell, a driving column, a collision column, a winding reel wound with an electromagnetic coil and a suction block, wherein a central cavity is formed in the center of the shell along the axial direction; the upper part of the driving column is sleeved with a driving spring, and the lower end of the driving column is connected with the collision column; the driving column is also provided with a locking pin inserted from outside the housing to lock; a bobbin around which an electromagnetic coil is wound is installed at the lower portion of the central cavity, the electromagnetic coil being connected to an external circuit; the lower end of the winding reel is tightly pressed with the suction block, and the suction block is connected with the shell; the striking post passes through the winding drum and can extend out of the attraction block. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the whole device is small in size, high in operability, applicable to smaller test places such as laboratories and high in safety coefficient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a testing technology, in particular to a functional part and a testing device for testing the performance of an automobile anti-collision material.
Background
With the increasing standard of living of people, the average person possession of automobiles is increasing. The popularization of automobiles brings convenience to the life of people, but increases the traffic accident rate. In order to improve the safety of automobiles and reduce the harm caused by traffic accidents, anti-collision devices are generally installed on automobiles. The anti-collision device is arranged, when the automobile collides and is impacted by external force, the anti-collision device can collapse, the external force is absorbed, and the rigid impact force is avoided to cause injury to drivers or pedestrians, so that the loss caused by collision accidents is reduced.
There are currently many countries that have test requirements for the crash safety of vehicles. In the field of automobile anti-collision protection, the design of a light high-strength automobile is the development direction of automobile anti-collision, such as honeycomb structure materials, high-strength carbon fiber materials and the like, which are already applied to the field of automobile anti-collision, and the use of the novel materials greatly lightens the weight of an automobile body and improves the anti-collision and anti-collision performances of the automobile body. However, how to perform structural optimization design, so that the anti-collision structure has optimal protection performance is the key point of research; moreover, how to test the performance of the protective structure made of the novel materials is also a problem to be solved in the field at present.
The collision of the automobile can be equivalently simulated into the collision of a high-speed object, and the damage of the material is tested by utilizing the high-speed kinetic energy impact. However, since in-field testing is very dangerous, it is difficult to achieve, and as the speed increases, few devices are able to reach the speed of an automobile collision in a short time. Moreover, the conventional material testing device is large in size, is usually used for carrying out collision destructive test with the whole automobile, is high in test cost, has a certain danger and cannot be used in a laboratory. The Chinese patent application with application number 202110474372.8 discloses a large-load impact test device with short-distance acceleration and short-distance braking, which consists of a transmitting system, a bearing trolley, a sliding rail, a primary braking system, a secondary braking system and the like, wherein the system is complex in composition and large in volume, is mainly used for safety assessment of special equipment in the transportation process of transportation tools such as helicopters, conveyers and high-speed rails under the high-speed impact accident environment, and is not suitable for being used in a test room at all.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a functional component and a test device for testing the collision performance of an anti-collision material, which are small in size and high in safety coefficient, aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that: the functional component for testing the performance of the anti-collision material comprises a shell, a driving column, a collision column, a winding drum wound with an electromagnetic coil and a suction block, wherein a central cavity is formed in the center of the shell along the axial direction; the upper part of the driving column is sleeved with a driving spring, and the lower end of the driving column is connected with the collision column; the driving column is also provided with a locking pin inserted from outside the housing to lock; a bobbin around which an electromagnetic coil is wound is installed at the lower portion of the central cavity, the electromagnetic coil being connected to an external circuit; the lower end of the winding reel is tightly pressed with the suction block, and the suction block is connected with the shell; the collision column passes through the winding drum and can extend out of the suction block; when the functional component is in a non-working state, the circuit is disconnected, the electromagnetic coil is powered off, the driving column is locked by a locking pin inserted from the outside of the shell, and the driving spring is compressed; after the locking pin is pulled out, the functional part is in a working state, the driving column is acted by the driving spring, meanwhile, the circuit is communicated with the electromagnetic coil to be electrified, electromagnetic attraction is generated between the driving column and the attraction block, the attraction block attracts the driving column to move to the attraction block, the collision column is driven to move, and the attraction block extends out to collide with the test piece.
According to the scheme, the functional component is also provided with a change-over switch, the upper part of the shell is provided with a side cavity, the lower part of the side cavity is provided with the change-over switch, and the change-over switch is connected with the electromagnetic coil in series; the upper part of the side cavity is provided with a safety pin, the lower end of the safety pin can be tightly pressed with the change-over switch, the upper end of the safety pin is connected with the upper part of the shell, and when the lower end of the safety pin is tightly pressed with the change-over switch, the change-over switch is disconnected, and a circuit is disconnected; when the safety pin is pulled out from the side cavity, the lower end of the safety pin is separated from the change-over switch, the change-over switch is closed, and the circuit is communicated.
According to the scheme, the change-over switch comprises a protection cylinder body, a base, a large-pressure screw, a pushing mechanism, a conducting ring, a conducting column and a small-pressure screw, wherein the protection cylinder body is hollow, the outside of the protection cylinder body is fixed in a side cavity, a substrate is fixed at the upper end of the protection cylinder body, the small-pressure screw is installed on the substrate, the conducting column is fixed at the lower part of the small-pressure screw, and a through hole is formed in the small-pressure screw; a switch shell is concentrically arranged in the protection cylinder, the lower end of the switch shell is connected with a large-pressure screw, the upper part of the large-pressure screw is connected with a pushing mechanism, the conducting ring is arranged on the pushing mechanism, and the upper end of the pushing mechanism can penetrate out of a through hole of the small-pressure screw and is contacted with the lower end face of the safety pin; the conductive column is connected with a wire, and the wire is led out from the protective cylinder.
According to the scheme, the pushing mechanism comprises a pushing spring and a T-shaped switching column, wherein the pushing spring is arranged in the switch shell, the lower end of the pushing spring is connected with the bottom of the large-pressure screw, the upper end of the pushing spring is connected with the lower end of the switching column, and a conductive ring is sleeved on the lower part of the switching column; the upper end of the transfer column can pass through the through hole of the small pressure screw; when the lower end of the safety pin contacts with the upper end of the switching post to push the safety pin back into the through hole of the small pressure screw, the conducting ring is separated from the conducting post, the circuit is disconnected, and the switching switch is in a disconnected state; when the safety pin is pulled out, the lower end of the switching post is separated from constraint and moves upwards under the action of the pushing spring, the conducting ring on the switching post moves upwards along with the upper end of the switching post, contacts with the conducting post, the circuit is connected, and the change-over switch is in a connection state.
According to the scheme, a through hole is formed between the side cavity and the central cavity, the through hole can be communicated with a ball groove arranged on the driving column, and the ball groove is matched with the steel ball; when the steel ball is positioned in the ball groove, the side part of the steel ball is limited by a safety pin; after the safety pin and the locking pin are pulled out, the driving column moves under the thrust action of the pushing spring, the steel ball is pulled out of the ball groove, and the restraint on the driving column is released.
According to the scheme, the outer diameter of the upper part of the shell is larger than that of the lower part of the shell; a central cavity is formed in the shell to mount a driving column, a collision column and a winding drum around which an electromagnetic coil is wound; the lower port of the shell is provided with an internal thread so as to be in threaded connection with the suction block; the lateral part of casing has offered the screw hole for connect the locating pin, insert the actuating post behind locating pin and the casing threaded connection.
According to the scheme, the winding reel comprises a hollow cylinder body and annular supporting pieces connected to the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder body, the electromagnetic coil is wound on the cylinder body, and the contact part of the electromagnetic coil and the cylinder body is wrapped with the polytetrafluoroethylene film for insulation; the annular supporting piece at the lower end of the cylinder body is provided with a groove.
According to the scheme, the shell, the suction block and the driving column are all made of electromagnetic pure iron materials; the collision column is made of alloy steel materials.
The invention also provides a test device for testing the performance of the automobile anti-collision material, which comprises an upper cover, a base, the functional components, a test piece to be tested, a control switch and a power supply, wherein the upper cover is arranged on the base; the upper cover and the base are arranged opposite to each other, and are connected through a plurality of support columns; the upper end of the functional component is fixed on the upper cover, the collision column of the functional component is opposite to the test piece, and the test piece is fixed on the base; the change-over switch of the functional component, the electromagnetic coil of the functional component, the control switch and the power supply are sequentially connected through wires.
According to the scheme, the distance between the lower end face of the collision column and the test piece is smaller than the maximum stroke of the collision column.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the whole device has small volume and high operability, and can be used in smaller test places such as laboratories and the like; according to the invention, the safety pin, the locking pin and the steel ball are arranged in the test device to carry out multistage interlocking locking, and the control switch is designed, so that the safety coefficient of the system is improved;
2. the design of the change-over switch not only can test the state of the functional component, but also can immediately conduct the whole circuit when the bumping post moves, so that the coil component can immediately supply power, the potential energy of the driving spring sensed by the bumping post and the electromagnetic suction generated between the driving post and the suction block are effectively overlapped, and the overlapping failure of the potential energy of the driving spring and the electromagnetic suction between the driving post and the suction block caused by larger time interval between the driving post and the suction block is prevented;
3. the output speed of the collision column is adjustable through the adjustment of the output voltage of the power supply and the selection of the specification of the driving spring;
4. the output speed of the collision column can be read through high-speed photography and a scale, the whole test process is simple to operate, the human interference factor is small, and the test result is accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the test device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the test device in this embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the functional part in the initial locked state in the present embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the functional part in the in-place state in the present embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the bobbin in this embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view showing a structure in which the change-over switch is in a pressed state in the present embodiment.
Fig. 7 is a structural sectional view showing the free state of the change-over switch in the present embodiment.
Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of the system in the present embodiment.
Wherein: 1-functional parts, 1-driving column, 1-2-attraction block, 1-3-electromagnetic coil, 1-4-change-over switch, 1-4A-conducting ring, 1-4B-conducting column, 1-4C-change-over column, 1-4D-pushing spring, 1-4E-switch shell, 1-4F-large-pressure screw, 1-4G-small-pressure screw, 1-4H-protection cylinder, 1-4I-base plate, 1-5-driving spring, 1-6-safety pin, 1-7-steel ball, 1-8-shell, 1-9-collision column, 1-10-locking pin, 2-control switch, 3-power supply, 4-upper cover, 5-base, 6-support column and 7-test piece.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the embodiments, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
The functional component 1 for testing the performance of the anti-collision material as shown in fig. 2-4 comprises a shell 1-8, a driving column 1-1, a collision column 1-9, a winding drum wound with an electromagnetic coil 1-3 and a suction block 1-2, wherein a central cavity is formed in the center of the shell 1-8 along the axial direction, and the driving column 1-1 is arranged at the upper part of the central cavity and can axially move in the central cavity; the upper part of the driving column 1-1 is sleeved with a driving spring 1-5, and the lower end of the driving column 1-1 is connected with a collision column 1-9; the driving column 1-1 is further provided with a locking pin 1-10 inserted from outside the housing 1-8 to be locked; the bobbin with the electromagnetic coil 1-3 wound outside is arranged at the lower part of the central cavity, and the electromagnetic coil 1-3 is connected with an external circuit; the lower end of the winding reel is tightly pressed with the suction block 1-2, and the suction block 1-2 is connected with the shell 1-8; the striking post 1-9 passes through the bobbin and can extend out of the attraction block 1-2.
When the functional part 1 is in a non-operating state, the circuit breaking electromagnetic coil 1-3 is deenergized, the driving column 1-1 is locked by the locking pin 1-10 inserted from the outside of the housing 1-8, and the driving spring 1-5 is compressed, as shown in fig. 3; after the locking pin 1-10 is pulled out, the functional part 1 is in a working state, the driving column 1-1 is acted by the driving spring 1-5, meanwhile, the circuit is communicated with the electromagnetic coil 1-3, electromagnetic attraction force is generated between the driving column 1-1 and the attraction block 1-2, the attraction block 1-2 attracts the driving column 1-1 to move, the collision column 1-9 is driven to move, and the attraction block 1-2 extends out to collide with the test piece 7, as shown in fig. 4.
Preferably, the driving column 1-1 is a stepped column having an upper outer diameter smaller than a lower outer diameter; the driving spring 1-5 is sleeved on the upper part of the driving column 1-1; the lower end of the driving column 1-1 is in threaded connection with the upper end of the collision column 1-9, specifically, a threaded blind hole is formed in the lower end of the driving column 1-1, and an external thread matched with the threaded blind hole is formed in the upper end of the collision column 1-9.
Preferably, the functional component 1 is further provided with a change-over switch 1-4, specifically, a side cavity is formed in the upper portion of the shell 1-8, the change-over switch 1-4 is installed in the lower portion of the side cavity, and the change-over switch 1-4 is connected with the electromagnetic coil 1-3 in series; the upper part of the side cavity is provided with a safety pin 1-6, the lower end of the safety pin 1-6 can be tightly pressed with the change-over switch 1-4, the upper end of the safety pin 1-6 is connected with the upper part of the shell 1-8 (can be in threaded connection), and when the lower end of the safety pin 1-6 is tightly pressed with the change-over switch 1-4, the change-over switch 1-4 is disconnected, and a circuit is disconnected; when the safety pin 1-6 is pulled out from the side cavity, the lower end of the safety pin is separated from the change-over switch 1-4, the change-over switch 1-4 is closed, and the circuit is communicated.
Preferably, the change-over switch 1-4 comprises a protection cylinder 1-4H, a base 5, a large-pressure screw 1-4F, a pushing mechanism, a conductive ring 1-4A, a conductive column 1-4B and a small-pressure screw 1-4G, wherein the protection cylinder 1-4H is hollow, the outside of the protection cylinder is fixed in a side cavity, a substrate 1-4I is fixed at the upper end of the protection cylinder 1-4H, the small-pressure screw 1-4G is installed on the substrate 1-4I, the conductive column 1-4B (pluggable) is fixed at the lower part of the small-pressure screw 1-4G, and the small-pressure screw 1-4G is provided with a through hole; the protection cylinder body 1-4H is internally and concentrically provided with a switch shell 1-4E, the lower end of the switch shell 1-4E is connected with a large-pressure screw 1-4F, the upper part of the large-pressure screw 1-4F is connected with a pushing mechanism, the conducting ring 1-4A is arranged on the pushing mechanism, and the upper end of the pushing mechanism can penetrate out from a through hole of the small-pressure screw 1-4G and is contacted with the lower end surface of the safety pin 1-6; the conductive posts 1-4B are connected with wires, and the guiding self-protection cylinder 1-4H is led out.
Preferably, the pushing mechanism comprises a pushing spring 1-4D and a T-shaped switching column 1-4C which are arranged in a switch shell 1-4E, the lower end of the pushing spring 1-4D is connected with the bottom of a large-pressure screw 1-4F, the upper end of the pushing spring 1-4D is connected with the lower end of the switching column 1-4C, and a conductive ring 1-4A is sleeved at the lower part of the switching column 1-4C; the upper end of the adapter column 1-4C can pass through the through hole of the small pressure screw 1-4G. When the lower end of the safety pin 1-6 contacts with the upper end of the switching post 1-4C to push the safety pin back into the through hole of the small pressure screw 1-4G under the limit of the safety pin 1-6, the conducting ring 1-4A is separated from the conducting post 1-4B, the circuit is disconnected, and the switch 1-4 is in an off state. When the safety pin 1-6 is pulled out, the lower end of the switching post 1-4C is separated from constraint and moves upwards under the action of the pushing spring 1-4D, the conducting ring 1-4A on the switching post 1-4C moves upwards along with the upper end of the switching post, contacts with the conducting post 1-4B, the circuit is connected, and the switching switch 1-4 is in a connection state.
Preferably, a through hole is formed between the side cavity and the central cavity, the through hole can be communicated with a ball groove arranged on the driving column 1-1, and the ball groove is matched with the steel ball 1-7; when the steel ball 1-7 is positioned in the ball groove, the side part of the steel ball is limited by the safety pin 1-6; after the safety pin 1-6 and the locking pin 1-10 are both pulled out, the driving column 1-1 moves under the thrust of the pushing spring 1-4D, the steel ball 1-7 is naturally extruded outwards, the steel ball 1-7 is pulled out from the ball groove, and the restraint on the driving column 1-1 is released.
The test device for testing the performance of the automobile anti-collision material comprises an upper cover 4, a base 5, the functional component 1, a test piece 7 to be tested, a control switch 2 and a power supply 3, wherein the test piece 7 is shown in fig. 1; the upper cover 4 and the base 5 are arranged opposite to each other, and are connected through a plurality of support columns 6; the upper end of the functional component 1 is fixed on the upper cover 4, the collision columns 1-9 of the functional component 1 are opposite to the test piece 7, and the test piece 7 is fixed on the base 5; the change-over switch 1-4 of the functional component 1, the electromagnetic coil 1-3 of the functional component 1, the control switch 2 and the power supply 3 are connected in sequence through wires.
Specific components of the present embodiment are described in detail below.
In the functional component 1 of the embodiment, the shell 1-8 is made of electromagnetic pure iron material, such as TC4 electromagnetic pure iron rod; the upper parts of the shells 1-8 have larger outer diameters and are fixed with other structures (fixed with the upper cover 4); the outer diameter of the lower part of the shell 1-8 is smaller, and a central cavity is formed in the shell 1-8 to install the driving column 1-1, the collision column 1-9 and the winding reel around which the electromagnetic coil 1-3 is wound; the lower port of the shell 1-8 is provided with an internal thread so as to be in threaded connection with the suction block 1-2; the side part of the shell 1-8 is provided with a threaded hole for connecting a locating pin, and the locating pin is inserted into the driving column 1-1 after being connected with the shell 1-8 in a threaded manner; the outside of the central cavity is provided with a side cavity for installing the change-over switch 1-4 and the safety pin 1-6; a through hole is arranged between the central cavity and the side cavity, and the through hole can be communicated with a ball groove arranged on the driving column 1-1.
In the functional component 1 of the embodiment, the driving column 1-1 is made of electromagnetic pure iron material, such as TC4 electromagnetic pure iron rod; the ball grooves on the driving post 1-1 are grooves with oblique angles. The collision columns 1-9 are made of alloy steel materials and are also ladder columns, and the outer diameter of the upper ends of the collision columns is larger than that of the lower ends of the collision columns; the outer peripheral surface of the upper end of the collision column 1-9 is provided with external threads so as to be connected with the lower end of the driving column 1-1; the lower end of the bumping post 1-9 can penetrate out of the through hole of the suction block 1-2. The collision column 1-9 and the driving column 1-1 are fixed into a whole and are arranged in the shell 1-8, and in an initial locking state, the end face of the collision column 1-9 is not higher than the end faces of the shell 1-8 and the attraction block 1-2. The driving spring 1-5 is nested at the upper part of the driving column 1-1, the driving spring 1-5 is in a compressed state in an initial state, the compression amount is 80% -90%, and kinetic energy is provided for the movement of the collision column 1-9.
In the functional component 1 of the embodiment, the electromagnetic coil 1-3 is a circular enameled wire, and the diameter specification of the electromagnetic coil can be 2.2mm, 2.36mm or 2.54mm (the diameter specification of 2.54mm is preferred in the embodiment); the bobbin is processed by aluminum bars and comprises a hollow cylinder body and annular supporting pieces connected to the upper end and the lower end of the cylinder body, the electromagnetic coils 1-3 are wound on the cylinder body, and the contact part of the electromagnetic coils and the cylinder body is wrapped by a polytetrafluoroethylene film for insulation; the annular supporting piece at the upper end of the cylinder body is provided with a groove, so that a lead connected with the electromagnetic coil 1-3 can be conveniently led out.
In the functional component 1 of the embodiment, the attraction block 1-2 is made of an electromagnetic pure iron material, such as a TC4 electromagnetic pure iron rod; the lower part of the suction block 1-2 has larger outer diameter, and is provided with external threads matched with the shell 1-8; the outer diameter of the upper part of the suction block 1-2 is smaller; the attraction block 1-2 seals the driving spring 1-5, the electromagnetic coil 1-3, the driving column 1-1 and the collision column 1-9 in the shell 1-8.
In the functional component 1 of the embodiment, the two groups of the change-over switches 1-4 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the driving column 1-1 respectively; a layer of structural adhesive is smeared on the outer circle end face of the change-over switch 1-4 and is fixed in the shell 1-8, the safety pin 1-6 is placed on the upper portion of the change-over switch 1-4, and the outgoing line of the change-over switch 1-4 is led out through the through hole of the shell 1-8. The transfer switch 1-4 comprises a conductive ring 1-4A, two conductive columns 1-4B, a transfer column 1-4C, a push spring 1-4D, a switch shell 1-4E, a large-voltage screw 1-4F and a small-voltage screw 1-4G. The conducting ring 1-4A is of a circular ring structure, is made of copper materials, is nested on the switching post 1-4C, and the bottom of the conducting ring 1-4A is adhered and fixed on the switching post 1-4C by structural adhesive. The two conductive posts 1-4B are symmetrically arranged and made of metal materials, are nested (can be in interference fit) on the small-pressure screws 1-4G, and the conductive posts 1-4B are connected with wires. The transfer column 1-4C is of a columnar structure which is integrally T-shaped, is made of an insulated polysulfone rod, and the upper end of the transfer column after being installed in place extends out of the end face of the small pressure screw 1-4G. The push spring 1-4D is arranged at the lower end of the transfer column 1-4C, the push spring 1-4D is in a free state shown in fig. 7 after the assembly of the transfer switch 1-4 is completed, the push spring 1-4D is in a compressed state, the compression amount is 10% +/-2%, the transfer column 1-4C is pressed by external force to move towards the inside of the switch shell 1-4E1-4E until the end face of the transfer column 1-4C is level with the end face of the switch shell 1-4E, the state is shown in fig. 6, and the push spring 1-4D is in the compressed state, and the compression amount is 40% +/-2%. The switch shell 1-4E is made of an insulated polysulfone rod, the appearance is of a cylindrical structure, two grooves are formed in the outer diameter, a threaded hole I, a moving hole and a threaded hole II which are sequentially connected are formed in the switch shell from bottom to top, a through hole penetrating in the radial direction is formed in the connecting position of the threaded hole I and the moving hole, the through hole penetrates through the two grooves in the outer diameter, wires on the 2 conductive columns 1-4B penetrate through the through holes and the grooves on the two sides in sequence respectively, and the wires are encapsulated by epoxy glue at the wiring positions, so that the wires can be effectively protected from damage. The large-pressure screw 1-4F and the small-pressure screw 1-4G are made of polysulfone rods and are respectively in threaded connection and fixation with a threaded hole I and a threaded hole II on the switch shell 1-4E, so that the whole change-over switch 1-4 is sealed into a whole.
In the functional component 1 of the present embodiment, two of the safety pins 1-6 are respectively matched with two transfer switches 1-4. The upper part of the safety pin 1-6 has a larger outer diameter and is provided with external threads for connecting with the shell 1-8. Two steel balls 1-7 are arranged in the side holes of the shell 1-8, one side of each steel ball 1-7 is embedded in a groove with an inclined angle of the driving column 1-1, and the other side of each steel ball is limited by the corresponding safety pin 1-6, so that the driving column 1-1 is locked.
As shown in the system structure diagram, the support columns 6 are uniformly arranged between the upper cover 4 and the base 5 to provide strength support for the whole structure; the support column 6 is of a stepped cylinder structure, and external threads for connecting the upper cover 4 and the base 5 are respectively arranged at two ends of the support column; the distance between the upper cover 4 and the base 5 can be adjusted through the support column 6. The test piece to be tested is placed on the base 5. The distance between the lower end face of the collision column 1-9 and the test piece 7 is smaller than the maximum stroke of the collision column 1-9. The test device also comprises a high-speed photographing device and a scale which are arranged on one side of the base 5, and the high-speed photographing device can judge and read the speed of the collision column 1-9 to the test piece 7 according to the movement condition of the collision column 1-9.
As shown in a circuit diagram 8 of a system, a power supply 3, a control switch 2, 2 transfer switches 1-4 and a coil component are sequentially connected in series, and the output voltage of the power supply 3 is adjustable between 0 and 220V.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
1. after the functional component 1 is assembled, ensuring that the locking pin 1-10 and the safety pin 1-6 are fixed on the functional component 1, and testing the two-way change-over switch 1-4 to ensure that the locking pin 1-10 and the safety pin 1-6 are in a disconnected state; after the functional component 1 is fixed on the upper cover 4, the control switch 2 is confirmed to be disconnected, the power supply 3 is in a disconnected state, and then the circuit of the whole system is connected;
2. the locking pin 1-10 is firstly disassembled, the control switch 2 is electrified, the power supply 3 is electrified, the high-speed photographic device and the scale are placed, the 2 safety pins 1-6 are sequentially unlocked, the steel ball 1-7 is separated from the ball groove, the driving column 1-1 is unlocked, the structure of the collision column 1-9 and the driving column 1-1 which are connected into a whole starts to move under the driving of the driving spring 1-5 in a compressed state, meanwhile, the change-over switch 1-4 is in motion due to the fact that the pressing of the safety pin 1-6 is lost, the push spring 1-4D in the change-over switch 1-4 moves to push the conductive ring 1-4A to be in contact with the conductive column 1-4B, the change-over switch 1-4 is conducted, the whole system is conducted, the electromagnetic coil 1-3 is electrified, electromagnetic attraction force is generated between the driving column 1-1 and the attraction block 1-2, the driving column 1-1 moves towards the structure, and the collision column 1-9 generates the electromagnetic attraction force under the combined action of the spring force of the driving spring 1-5 and the electromagnetic attraction force generated between the driving column 1-2 and the attraction block 1-2, and the kinetic energy test piece 7 is generated. The high-speed photographing device captures the speed at which the impact posts 1-9 strike the test piece 7.
3. By adjusting the output voltage of the power supply 3 and the parameters of the driving springs 1-5 (such as the spring wire diameter, pitch, etc. of the driving springs 1-5), the output speed of the striker 1-9 is then adjusted to a proper range.
Immediately after the test is completed, the whole circuit is powered off by controlling the switch 2, the power supply time of the whole system must not exceed 10 seconds, and the next test should be at least 1 hour apart. The damage caused by the overhigh temperature of the electromagnetic coil 1-3 during the working is prevented.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The functional component for testing the performance of the anti-collision material is characterized by comprising a shell, a driving column, a collision column, a winding drum wound with an electromagnetic coil and a suction block, wherein a central cavity is formed in the center of the shell along the axial direction, and the driving column is arranged at the upper part of the central cavity and can axially move in the central cavity; the upper part of the driving column is sleeved with a driving spring, and the lower end of the driving column is connected with the collision column; the driving column is also provided with a locking pin inserted from outside the housing to lock; a bobbin around which an electromagnetic coil is wound is installed at the lower portion of the central cavity, the electromagnetic coil being connected to an external circuit; the lower end of the winding reel is tightly pressed with the suction block, and the suction block is connected with the shell; the collision column passes through the winding drum and can extend out of the suction block; when the functional component is in a non-working state, the circuit is disconnected, the electromagnetic coil is powered off, the driving column is locked by a locking pin inserted from the outside of the shell, and the driving spring is compressed; after the locking pin is pulled out, the functional part is in a working state, the driving column is acted by the driving spring, meanwhile, the circuit is communicated with the electromagnetic coil to be electrified, electromagnetic attraction is generated between the driving column and the attraction block, the attraction block attracts the driving column to move to the attraction block, the collision column is driven to move, and the attraction block extends out to collide with the test piece.
2. The functional component of claim 1, wherein the functional component is further provided with a change-over switch, a side cavity is formed in the upper portion of the shell, the change-over switch is arranged at the lower portion of the side cavity, and the change-over switch is connected in series with the electromagnetic coil; the upper part of the side cavity is provided with a safety pin, the lower end of the safety pin can be tightly pressed with the change-over switch, the upper end of the safety pin is connected with the upper part of the shell, and when the lower end of the safety pin is tightly pressed with the change-over switch, the change-over switch is disconnected, and a circuit is disconnected; when the safety pin is pulled out from the side cavity, the lower end of the safety pin is separated from the change-over switch, the change-over switch is closed, and the circuit is communicated.
3. The functional component of claim 2, wherein the change-over switch comprises a protective cylinder, a base, a large-pressure screw, a pushing mechanism, a conducting ring, a conducting column and a small-pressure screw, wherein the protective cylinder is hollow, the exterior of the protective cylinder is fixed in the side cavity, a substrate is fixed at the upper end of the protective cylinder, the small-pressure screw is arranged on the substrate, the conducting column is fixed at the lower part of the small-pressure screw, and a through hole is formed in the small-pressure screw; a switch shell is concentrically arranged in the protection cylinder, the lower end of the switch shell is connected with a large-pressure screw, the upper part of the large-pressure screw is connected with a pushing mechanism, the conducting ring is arranged on the pushing mechanism, and the upper end of the pushing mechanism can penetrate out of a through hole of the small-pressure screw and is contacted with the lower end face of the safety pin; the conductive column is connected with a wire, and the wire is led out from the protective cylinder.
4. The functional component of claim 3, wherein the pushing mechanism comprises a pushing spring and a T-shaped switching column which are arranged in the switch shell, the lower end of the pushing spring is connected with the bottom of the large-pressure screw, the upper end of the pushing spring is connected with the lower end of the switching column, and a conductive ring is sleeved at the lower part of the switching column; the upper end of the transfer column can pass through the through hole of the small pressure screw; when the lower end of the safety pin contacts with the upper end of the switching post to push the safety pin back into the through hole of the small pressure screw, the conducting ring is separated from the conducting post, the circuit is disconnected, and the switching switch is in a disconnected state; when the safety pin is pulled out, the lower end of the switching post is separated from constraint and moves upwards under the action of the pushing spring, the conducting ring on the switching post moves upwards along with the upper end of the switching post, contacts with the conducting post, the circuit is connected, and the change-over switch is in a connection state.
5. The functional component of claim 2, wherein a through hole is formed between the side cavity and the central cavity, the through hole can be communicated with a ball groove arranged on the driving column, and the ball groove is matched with the steel ball; when the steel ball is positioned in the ball groove, the side part of the steel ball is limited by a safety pin; after the safety pin and the locking pin are pulled out, the driving column moves under the thrust action of the pushing spring, the steel ball is pulled out of the ball groove, and the restraint on the driving column is released.
6. A functional component according to claim 3, wherein the upper outer diameter of the housing is greater than the lower outer diameter; a central cavity is formed in the shell to mount a driving column, a collision column and a winding drum around which an electromagnetic coil is wound; the lower port of the shell is provided with an internal thread so as to be in threaded connection with the suction block; the lateral part of casing has offered the screw hole for connect the locating pin, insert the actuating post behind locating pin and the casing threaded connection.
7. The functional unit according to claim 1, wherein the bobbin comprises a hollow cylinder and annular supporting pieces connected to upper and lower ends of the cylinder, the electromagnetic coil is wound on the cylinder, and contact portions of the electromagnetic coil and the cylinder are covered with polytetrafluoroethylene films for insulation; the annular supporting piece at the lower end of the cylinder body is provided with a groove.
8. The functional component of claim 1, wherein the housing, the actuation block, and the drive post are all fabricated from an electromagnetically pure iron material; the collision column is made of alloy steel materials.
9. The test device for testing the performance of the automobile anti-collision material is characterized by comprising an upper cover, a base, the functional component of any one of claims 1-8, a test piece to be tested, a control switch and a power supply; the upper cover and the base are arranged opposite to each other, and are connected through a plurality of support columns; the upper end of the functional component is fixed on the upper cover, the collision column of the functional component is opposite to the test piece, and the test piece is fixed on the base; the change-over switch of the functional component, the electromagnetic coil of the functional component, the control switch and the power supply are sequentially connected through wires.
10. The test device of claim 9, wherein a distance between the lower end surface of the striker post and the test piece is less than a maximum travel of the striker post.
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| CN103293069A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-09-11 | 广东工业大学 | Multi-way high-energy high-speed electromagnetic force impact intelligent control testing device and method |
| CN108507863A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-09-07 | 龙岩学院 | A kind of charging assembly and its pressure experimental device |
| CN108871980A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-11-23 | 西北工业大学 | Dynamic double-shear experimental rig |
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| CN213633016U (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-07-06 | 南京工程学院 | Laboratory high strength crashproof material shock resistance testing arrangement |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4684955B2 (en) * | 2006-06-20 | 2011-05-18 | キヤノン株式会社 | Sheet material information detection apparatus and sheet material processing apparatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103293069A (en) * | 2013-05-10 | 2013-09-11 | 广东工业大学 | Multi-way high-energy high-speed electromagnetic force impact intelligent control testing device and method |
| CN108507863A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-09-07 | 龙岩学院 | A kind of charging assembly and its pressure experimental device |
| CN108871980A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-11-23 | 西北工业大学 | Dynamic double-shear experimental rig |
| CN110137044A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-16 | 天津加美特电气设备有限公司 | A kind of intelligent circuit breaker with normally-open normally-close function |
| CN213633016U (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-07-06 | 南京工程学院 | Laboratory high strength crashproof material shock resistance testing arrangement |
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