CN114459895B - Test method for evaluating anti-reflection crack capability of stress absorbing layer - Google Patents
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention provides a test method for evaluating the anti-reflection crack capability of a stress absorbing layer, which comprises the following steps: (1) Manufacturing a white-black composite test piece of the cement concrete slab and the stress absorbing layer mixture; (2) Simulating a bottom void state of the cement board by using a rubber cushion block; (3) Developing a rut test until the test piece is cracked and destroyed, and shooting and recording the whole cracking process of the test piece; (4) And (3) extracting the crack photos at the same action frequency interval, calculating to obtain the crack length by using a digital image processing technology, and finally obtaining a relation graph of the action frequency and the crack length. Compared with the traditional testing method, the testing method can simulate the damage process of the composite pavement with the partial void of the bottom of the pavement under the action of the vehicle load, quantify the cracking degree, obtain the relation curve of the load action times and the crack length, and can evaluate the anti-reflection crack capability of the stress absorbing layer more directly and accurately.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pavement structure quality detection, in particular to a test method for evaluating anti-reflection crack capability of a stress absorbing layer.
Background
The existing researches show that normal construction joints and transverse cracks caused by repeated actions of early vehicle load exist on the old cement pavement generally, and the phenomenon of stress concentration is easy to occur on the white-black pavement treated by the stress absorbing layer mixture under the coupling action of temperature stress and vehicle load, wherein the phenomenon corresponds to the joint of the old cement pavement or the asphalt pavement directly above the cracks. As the number of loading increases, cracks appear and gradually expand and reflect to the asphalt pavement, thereby reflecting cracks to different degrees. The cracking of the stress absorbing layer mixture is mainly due to the insufficient cracking resistance of the material.
Therefore, a method for effectively evaluating the cracking resistance of the mixture is sought, and is important for laying a foundation for preventing and controlling reflection cracks. For evaluating the cracking resistance of the mixture, the conventional method is to perform a mechanical property test such as a rutting test, a splitting test, a three-point bending test and the like to obtain related mechanical property indexes so as to evaluate the cracking resistance of the mixture of the stress absorbing layer. Patent CN103175747B discloses a method and equipment for testing the anti-reflection crack capability of a road surface, which adopts a rut forming machine to roll and form rut test pieces; the rutting test piece is a standard asphalt mixture rutting test piece formed by adopting a rutting forming machine wheel milling method; bonding the rut test piece with the warping platform and placing the rut test piece under the roller; setting a test temperature in the incubator and a pressure on the roller; the roller moves linearly back and forth on the rut test piece until the winder bears all the load, and the computer records the time-displacement curve.
However, the cracking strength of the mixture obtained by conventional test evaluation is not obvious when the mixture is applied to actual engineering, and the problem of certain dislocation exists between related mechanical property indexes and road performance. Therefore, in the prior art, a visual, accurate and effective test method for evaluating the anti-reflection crack capability of the stress absorbing layer is still lacking.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a test method for evaluating the anti-reflection crack capability of a stress absorbing layer.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A test method for evaluating the anti-reflection crack capability of a stress absorbing layer comprises the following steps:
(1) Manufacturing a stress absorption layer composite test piece, wherein the stress absorption layer composite test piece comprises a stress absorption layer mixture test block and a cement concrete test block layer; the center of the bottom of the stress absorbing layer mixture test block is provided with a pre-cut; the cement concrete test block layer is adhered to the bottom of the stress absorbing layer mixture test block through an adhesive layer material; the cement concrete test block layer comprises two identical cement concrete test blocks, and a space is arranged between the two cement concrete test blocks;
(2) Simulating the bottom void condition of the cement board by adopting a rubber cushion block;
(3) Developing a rut test until the test piece is cracked and destroyed, and shooting and recording the whole process of cracking and destruction of the test piece;
(4) And extracting the crack pictures under the same interval load action times, calculating to obtain the crack length by using a digital image processing technology, and finally obtaining a relation curve graph of the action times and the crack length.
Compared with the traditional testing method, the testing method can simulate the damage process of the composite pavement with the partial void of the bottom of the pavement under the action of the vehicle load, quantify the cracking degree, obtain the relation curve of the load action times and the crack length, and can evaluate the anti-reflection crack capability of the stress absorbing layer more directly and accurately.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the stress absorbing layer mixture test block is a rut board which is made by using a hamburger rut shaper and has the length, width and height of 320mm multiplied by 80mm multiplied by 50 mm. Specifically, the stress absorbing layer is an asphalt mixture, is specially used for paving an asphalt layer on cement concrete, and is paved between a cement concrete base layer and an asphalt mixture wearing surface layer. The cement-concrete base layer is composed of fine aggregate, mineral filler and high-elasticity polymer modified asphalt cement, is compact after molding, has strong binding power, is impermeable to water, has good binding performance with the cement-concrete base layer, can deform along with the deformation of the base layer, and has excellent self-healing capacity. In the invention, for the stress absorbing layer mixtures of different asphalt types, such as SBS type, SH-V type and ultra-high viscosity type, the mixtures are respectively mixed according to the determined optimal mixing ratio, a rut plate with the length, width and height of 320mm multiplied by 260mm multiplied by 50mm is formed by a hamburg rut forming instrument, and a strip test piece with the width of 80mm is cut along the running direction of the rut plate test piece by a cutting machine.
The invention prepares a stress absorbing layer mixture strip test block, and adopts a hamburger rut shaper to shape rut plates with length, width and height of 320mm multiplied by 260mm multiplied by 50 mm. Different from the wheel rolling forming mode of the domestic rut forming instrument, the hamburg rut forming instrument adopts linear kneading forming. The kneading forming method is easy, safe and uniform in the laboratory, is also representative of the compaction state of the actual pavement, simulates the roller action of road machinery in the field, and can successfully form the test piece when the roller is pressed to the edge of the test die, and the forming method can compact the mixture but can avoid fracturing aggregate as much as possible. When the test piece is formed by the rubbing method, only a small amount of stone at the top of the test piece is crushed, and compared with the test piece formed by the wheel grinding method, the test piece is less crushed.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the width of the pre-cut arranged on the stress absorbing layer mixture test block is 2mm, and the depth is 20mm. In the technical scheme of the invention, in order to effectively expand cracks and facilitate observation of the damage effect of the upper stress absorbing layer mixture and the paving layer in the simulation process, a pre-cut with the width of 2mm and the depth of 20mm is made in the center of the bottom of the long test piece of the stress absorbing layer mixture in advance.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the length, width and height dimensions of the cement concrete test block are 155mm multiplied by 80mm multiplied by 40mm. The preparation of the cement concrete test block is that coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, cement and water are mixed according to a certain proportion, a plate-shaped test block with the length, width and height of 400mm multiplied by 300mm multiplied by 40mm is molded by casting, and grooves are engraved on the surface of a test piece; curing for 28 days under standard conditions to meet the strength requirement; and cutting the cement concrete test piece to obtain two test blocks with the length, width and height of 155mm multiplied by 80mm multiplied by 40mm.
In the step (1), the adhesive layer material is SBS modified asphalt. The SBS modified asphalt is purchased from Shell asphalt Co., ltd. And the PG grade is PG76-22.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, in the step (1), the width of the interval between two cement concrete test blocks is 1cm.
In the step (2), a rubber pad with a length, width and height dimension of 155mm×80mm×10mm is placed under the left cement concrete block of the stress absorbing layer composite test piece, and a rubber pad with a length, width and height dimension of 80mm×20mm×10mm is placed under the end of the right cement concrete block of the stress absorbing layer composite test piece. By the arrangement, the local void of the cement pavement slab under the composite pavement is simulated, and the slab moves in a staggered manner under the action of the wheel load. Meanwhile, in order to facilitate later observation of crack development, the middle microcrack of the test piece is uniformly smeared with lime, and finally, the test piece is laterally limited, so that the test piece is always positioned under the test wheel in the rolling process.
The invention utilizes the rubber cushion block to simulate the bottom void state of the cement board. A rubber pad is arranged under the left test piece cement plate, the length and the width of the rubber pad are kept constant, and the thickness is 1cm; and a small rubber strip is padded right below the right test piece, and the length and the width of the cement board test block are kept all the time, namely 8cm long, 2cm wide and 1cm thick. By the arrangement, the local void of the cement pavement slab under the composite pavement is simulated, and the slab moves in a staggered manner under the action of the wheel load. The lower part of the void position is not supported at all, the capability of anti-reflection cracking of the cement concrete slab and stress absorbing layer mixture under the void condition is considered more conservatively, and the obtained result is safer and more reliable than actual engineering.
In the step (2), the modulus of the rubber pad is 60MPa and the poisson's ratio is 0.4.
In the step (3), the rutting test temperature is normal temperature and the wheel pressure is 0.7Mpa; and shooting and recording the whole process from the initial crack formation to the crack penetration of the test piece under the action of load, and observing and recording the crack development condition under different action times. And decomposing the whole process of breaking the test piece under the action of load into four stages, wherein the test piece is in an initial stage, an initial crack formation stage, a crack propagation middle stage and a crack penetrating through the test piece.
In the step (4), a test piece crack picture is extracted 300 times under the action of each interval load, the image is converted into a gray image by Matlab, then the gray image is converted into a binary image, the binary image of a crack area is converted into a digital matrix, and the actual length of the crack is obtained by inverse calculation through calculating the proportion of the digital matrix.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) In the preparation of the stress absorbing layer asphalt mixture strip test block, the hamburger rut forming instrument is adopted for forming, the gap distribution of the formed test piece is uniform, and the gap of the domestic rut forming test piece is dense and sparse.
(2) And simulating the bottom void state of the cement board by using the rubber cushion block. Considering the phenomena of void of the mixture of the cement concrete slab and the stress absorbing layer, the designed experimental model is simpler than other models, and the reliability of the obtained result is higher.
(3) Shooting and recording the whole cracking process of the test piece, processing the crack photo by using a related digital image technology to obtain the crack length, quantifying the cracking degree of the test piece, and finally obtaining a relation graph of the action times and the crack length.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an external view of a stress absorbing layer mixture block;
FIG. 2 is an external view of a cement concrete block;
FIG. 3 is an external view of a stress absorbing layer mixture block and a cement concrete block;
FIG. 4 is an external view of the bottom center pre-cut of the stress absorbing layer mixture block;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a stress absorbing layer composite test piece structure;
FIG. 6 is a drawing of a structure of a reduced scale test piece of the stress absorbing layer composite test piece;
FIG. 7 is a partial detail view of the structure of the stress absorbing layer composite test piece;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an indoor simulation initiation state;
FIG. 9 is an initial state diagram of indoor simulation;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of test piece loading failure;
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the loading failure process of a test piece coated with a SBS coarse grain type stress absorbing structural layer mix;
FIG. 12 is a graph of a test piece loading failure process for a SH-V coarse grain type stress absorbing structure layer mix;
FIG. 13 is a graph showing the breaking process of test piece loading with ultra-high viscosity coarse grain type stress absorbing structure layer mix;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of an image processing process;
FIG. 15 is a graph of the number of actions versus crack length.
Detailed Description
For a better description of the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
Example 1
A test method for evaluating the anti-reflection crack capability of a stress absorbing layer is specifically carried out according to the following steps:
(1) As shown in the schematic diagram of fig. 5, a "white-plus-black" composite test piece of the cement concrete slab+stress absorbing layer mixture was produced. Specifically, a cement concrete slab and asphalt mixture stress absorbing layer composite test piece is manufactured according to the following steps:
(1a) And manufacturing a cement concrete test block. In order to ensure better workability in the process of stirring cement concrete, in the design of the mixing proportion of the cement concrete, water is used for: coarse aggregate: fine aggregate: cement=210:1191:670:429, ordinary portland cement is adopted as cement, and the strength is C40. Molding a plate-shaped test block with the length and width of 400mm multiplied by 300mm multiplied by 40mm by casting, grooving the surface of a test piece, curing for 28 days under standard conditions to meet the strength requirement, and forming a cement plate shown in figure 2; the cement concrete test piece was cut by a high-precision double-sided saw to obtain two test pieces with dimensions of 155mm by 80mm by 40mm in length and width, as shown in fig. 3.
(1B) And (3) preparing a long test block of the stress absorbing layer mixture, and respectively mixing the stress absorbing layer mixtures (SBS type, SH-V type and ultra-high viscosity type) of different asphalt types according to the determined optimal mixing proportion, wherein the mixing proportion of the three mixtures is shown in table 1.
According to the test method of the test procedure, a hamburger rut forming instrument is adopted to form rut plates with the length and width of 320mm multiplied by 260mm multiplied by 50mm, and the formed rut plate test piece of the stress absorbing layer mixture is shown in figure 1. A long strip specimen with a width of 80mm was cut along the running direction of the rut board specimen using a high-precision double-sided saw, as shown in fig. 3.
(1C) In order to enable the crack to effectively expand and facilitate observation of the damage effect of the upper layer stress absorbing layer mixture and the paving layer in the simulation process, a pre-cut with the width of 2mm and the depth of 20mm is made in the center of the bottom of the long test piece of the stress absorbing layer mixture in advance, as shown in fig. 4.
(1D) In order to simulate the construction joint of the base cement concrete pavement under the composite pavement, the gap width of the two cement concrete test blocks is set to be 1cm. The SBS modified asphalt (modified asphalt provided by Shell asphalt Co., ltd., PG grade is PG 76-22) is used as an adhesive layer material, and the cut long test piece of the stress absorbing layer mixture and the cement coagulation test piece are bonded. When the cement board and the asphalt mixture test piece are bonded, SBS asphalt is placed in an oven in advance and heated for about 2 hours at 175 ℃ until the asphalt is in a flowing state; and dipping a small amount of asphalt by using a brush, uniformly coating the asphalt on the surface of the cement board, then rapidly placing a stress absorbing layer test piece on the cement board, and properly pressing the cement board until the asphalt on the adhesive layer is cooled and solidified. The final composite pavement reduced scale test piece is shown in fig. 6, and the middle detail view of the reduced scale test piece is shown in fig. 7.
(2) As shown in fig. 8, the void condition of the bottom of the cement board was simulated by using a rubber pad. In this case, the modulus of the rubber pad is 60MPa, and the Poisson's ratio is 0.4. A rubber pad is arranged under the left test piece cement plate, the length and the width of the rubber pad are kept constant, and the thickness is 1cm; and a small rubber strip is padded right below the right test piece, and the length and the width of the cement board test block are kept all the time, namely 8cm long, 2cm wide and 1cm thick. By the arrangement, the local void of the cement pavement slab under the composite pavement is simulated, and the slab moves in a staggered manner under the action of the wheel load. Meanwhile, in order to facilitate later observation of crack development, the middle microcrack of the test piece is uniformly smeared with lime, and finally, the test piece is laterally limited, so that the test piece is always positioned under the test wheel in the rolling process. The final composite pavement reduced scale test piece void condition is shown in fig. 9.
(3) Developing a rut test until the test piece is cracked and destroyed, and shooting and recording the whole process of the test piece cracking and destruction; the test parameters included: the test temperature is normal temperature, and the wheel pressure is 0.7Mpa; after the test is started, a camera is used for recording the whole process from the initial crack formation to the crack penetration of the whole test piece under the load effect, and the crack development condition under different times of action is observed and recorded. And decomposing the whole process of breaking the test piece under the action of load into four stages, wherein the test piece is in an initial stage, an initial crack formation stage, a crack propagation middle stage and a crack penetrating through the test piece. The whole process of breaking the three stress absorbing layer mixtures is shown in fig. 11, 12 and 13.
(4) And processing the image by utilizing Matlab, and calculating to obtain the lengths of the cracks to obtain the relationship curves of different times of action and the lengths of the cracks. The specific operation steps are as follows: and (3) processing the whole process video of the test piece damage by using related video editing software, and extracting a test piece crack picture 300 times under the action of each interval load. First, an image is converted into a gray image using Matlab, i.e., a color image is processed into a black-and-white image, and then the gray image is converted into a binary image as shown in fig. 14 (a). The frame selection is performed to obtain a crack development area diagram, as shown in fig. 14 (b), wherein a black area in the image represents a crack, and a white area represents a surface of a test piece where no crack occurs. Finally, converting the binary image of the crack development area into a digital matrix by Matlab, wherein the numerical value of the black area is 0, the numerical value of the white area is 1, the digital matrix is shown in fig. 14 (c), and the partial diagram of the digital matrix is shown in fig. 14 (d). The actual length of the crack can be finally obtained by inverse proportion calculation by calculating the length of the area with the value of 0 (crack length) in the digital matrix and the length with the value of 1 in the thickness direction (thickness of the added layer) and combining the actual thickness of the added layer with 5 cm. The lengths of the cracks under different times of action are obtained, and a relation curve as shown in figure 15 is drawn.
TABLE 1 mix ratio design of asphalt mixtures for different coarse-grained stress absorbing structural layers
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the scope of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted equally without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A test method for evaluating the anti-reflective crack capability of a stress absorbing layer, comprising the steps of:
(1) Manufacturing a stress absorbing layer composite test piece, wherein the stress absorbing layer composite test piece comprises an asphalt mixture stress absorbing layer and a cement concrete test block layer; a pre-cut is arranged at the bottom center of the asphalt mixture stress absorbing layer; the cement concrete test block layer is adhered to the bottom of the asphalt mixture stress absorbing layer through an adhesive layer material; the cement concrete test block layer comprises two identical cement concrete test blocks, and a space is arranged between the two cement concrete test blocks;
(2) Simulating the bottom void condition of the cement board by adopting a rubber cushion block; a rubber pad with the length, width and height dimensions of 155mm multiplied by 80mm multiplied by 10mm is arranged below the left cement concrete test block of the stress absorbing layer composite test piece, and a rubber pad with the length, width and height dimensions of 80mm multiplied by 20mm multiplied by 10mm is arranged right below the extreme end of the right cement concrete test block of the stress absorbing layer composite test piece;
(3) Developing a rut test until the test piece is cracked and destroyed, and shooting and recording the whole process of cracking and destruction of the test piece;
(4) Extracting crack pictures under the same interval load action times, calculating to obtain the crack length by using a digital image processing technology, and finally obtaining a relation graph of the action times and the crack length;
Wherein, the pre-cut is perpendicular to the bottom of the asphalt mixture stress absorbing layer and is consistent with the direction of the wheel load.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the asphalt mixture stress absorbing layer is a rut board with a length, width and height of 320mm x 80mm x 50mm using a hamburger rut former.
3. The method for evaluating the anti-reflective crack capability of a stress absorbing layer according to claim 1, wherein the width of the pre-cut provided on the stress absorbing layer of the asphalt mixture is 2mm and the depth is 20mm.
4. The method for evaluating the anti-reflective crack capability of a stress absorbing layer according to claim 1, wherein the length, width and height dimensions of the cement concrete block are 155mm x 80mm x 40mm.
5. The method for evaluating the anti-reflective crack capability of a stress absorbing layer according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the adhesive layer material is SBS modified asphalt.
6. The method for evaluating the anti-reflective crack capability of a stress absorbing layer according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the width of the interval between two cement concrete test blocks is 1cm.
7. The method for evaluating the anti-reflective crack capability of a stress absorbing layer according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the modulus of the rubber pad is 60MPa and the poisson's ratio is 0.4.
8. The method for evaluating the anti-reflective crack capability of a stress absorbing layer according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the rutting test temperature is room temperature and the wheel pressure is 0.7Mpa; and shooting and recording the whole process from the initial crack formation to the crack penetration of the test piece under the load effect.
9. The method for evaluating the anti-reflection crack capability of a stress absorbing layer according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), a crack picture of a test piece is extracted 300 times under the action of a load at each interval, the image is converted into a gray image by Matlab, the gray image is then converted into a binary image, the binary image of a crack area is then converted into a digital matrix, and the actual length of the crack is obtained by inverse calculation by calculating the proportion of the digital matrix.
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| CN102645527A (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2012-08-22 | 长安大学 | Asphalt mixture fatigue test method based on DCT (Disk-Shaped Compact Tension) and HD (High Definition) imaging technology |
| CN204679335U (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-09-30 | 四川成德南高速公路有限责任公司 | A kind of New asphalt mixture layer Reflective Cracking Resistance test test specimen |
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| CN101178340A (en) * | 2007-11-21 | 2008-05-14 | 长安大学 | Asphalt pavement reflection crack propagation analog experiment device |
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| CN102645527A (en) * | 2012-04-12 | 2012-08-22 | 长安大学 | Asphalt mixture fatigue test method based on DCT (Disk-Shaped Compact Tension) and HD (High Definition) imaging technology |
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