CN114459589A - Underwater acoustic signal detection method based on rydberg atomic radar - Google Patents
Underwater acoustic signal detection method based on rydberg atomic radar Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an underwater acoustic signal detection method based on a rydberg atomic radar. According to the invention, the performance of the traditional radar is upgraded by the capability advantages of the rydberg atoms in the aspects of high-sensitivity electromagnetic signal sensing, ultra-wideband multi-band parallel signal detection and the like, so that the requirements of micro-Doppler water surface fluctuation measurement are met; meanwhile, in view of the fact that the working frequency of the underwater acoustic signal is larger than the fluctuation frequency of the water surface waves, high-pass filters can be used for extracting high-frequency effective information from low-frequency strong background noise, and a brand-new, feasible and performance-upgraded underwater acoustic signal detection means is provided for underwater exploration, hydrological measurement, diving search and rescue and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the interdisciplinary disciplines of microwave radar and underwater acoustic detection, and particularly relates to a method for transmitting signals to a water surface through a multi-band microwave source, receiving water surface signals by utilizing a rydberg atomic array and realizing underwater acoustic signal detection through a micro Doppler effect caused by water surface fluctuation, in particular to a method, a system and a storage medium for underwater acoustic signal detection based on the rydberg atomic radar.
Background
A rydberg state close to an excited state can be prepared through the interaction of a laser light field and an alkali metal energy level, the rydberg state can generate energy level splitting under the action of an electric field, and the energy level splitting degree, namely the frequency shift quantity, is in positive correlation with the electric field strength. Therefore, the rydberg atom antenna is considered as one of the most promising means for realizing precise measurement of electromagnetic fields in the future. Compared with the traditional antenna, the advantages of the rydberg atom antenna are as follows: (1) the intensity measurement result of the microwave electromagnetic field can directly trace the international unit system basic constant; (2) the geometric dimension is irrelevant to the working frequency, so that the signal receiving function of a long-wave antenna of dozens of kilometers can be realized through a small-size rydberg atomic antenna; (3) by utilizing the ultra-fine atomic energy level structure, the high-sensitivity receiving of the broadband tunable electromagnetic signal can be realized, the detection sensitivity is at least one order of magnitude higher than that of the traditional antenna, and the potential of breaking through the bottleneck of classical measurement is realized; (4) the single rydberg atomic antenna can simultaneously sense signals of various different frequencies, and has strong spectrum expandability.
The function of the high-precision multi-band combined radar can be realized by taking the rydberg atomic antenna array as a detector and matching with a multi-band microwave source. One typical application of this high accuracy feature is to perceive small changes in the very strong background noise and extract useful information.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems of the prior art, the technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: how to transmit microwave signals to the water surface through a multi-band microwave source, wherein the microwave signals generate echoes under the action of water surface fluctuation, the same Reedberg atomic antenna array is used for simultaneously receiving the reflected echoes of the microwave signals of each frequency band, the water surface fluctuation is inverted according to the micro Doppler effect, the precision is further improved through the mutual verification of the signals of each frequency band, finally, high-frequency components in the Doppler signals are separated through high-pass filtering, strong background noise such as the water surface wave fluctuation is filtered, and high-frequency underwater acoustic signals are extracted.
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an underwater acoustic signal detection method based on a Reedberg atomic radar, which transmits microwave signals to a water surface through a multi-band microwave source, generates echoes under the action of water surface fluctuation, and the echo signals contain water surface fluctuation information; pumping a cesium atom array through a multi-wavelength laser optical field, preparing atoms in the cesium atom array to be close to a plurality of ionized Reedberg states, establishing a meaning corresponding relation between a laser wavelength and the Reedberg states, and enabling different Reedberg states to correspond to different microwave frequency bands; high-sensitivity measurement of microwave echo signals of each frequency band is realized by accurately detecting the spectral characteristics of laser wavelength; the water surface fluctuation information contained in each frequency band echo is extracted through the micro Doppler effect, the precision and uncertainty indexes of the water surface fluctuation information are improved through mutual verification of each frequency band signal, high-frequency components are extracted through a high-pass filter, strong background noise is filtered, and high-frequency underwater acoustic signals are extracted.
Preferably, the single rydberg atom antenna in the rydberg atom antenna array operates on the principle that a multi-wavelength laser or a plurality of lasers generate multi-wavelength laser light, pump cesium atoms and excite the cesium atoms to different rydberg states.
Preferably, the rydberg levels are related to the pump laser wavelength, and rydberg atoms at different levels produce highly sensitive responses to microwaves in different wavelength bands.
Preferably, each frequency microwave echo signal is sensed by a different rydberg atom, and the echo signal demodulation is realized by frequency-one detection or intensity detection.
Preferably, the method specifically comprises:
s101, microwave signal transmission, namely transmitting a microwave signal to a water surface through a multi-band microwave source, and generating an echo under the action of water surface fluctuation, wherein the echo signal contains water surface fluctuation information;
s102, based on the receiving of a Reed-Barre atomic antenna array, pumping the cesium atomic array through a multi-wavelength laser optical field, preparing atoms in the cesium atomic array to a plurality of Reed-Barre states close to ionization, establishing a meaning corresponding relation between laser wavelengths and the Reed-Barre states, and enabling different Reed-Barre states to correspond to different microwave frequency bands;
s103, inverting and restoring the underwater acoustic signals, extracting the water surface fluctuation information contained in the echoes of each frequency band through the micro Doppler effect, improving the precision and uncertainty indexes of the water surface fluctuation information through mutual verification of the signals of each frequency band, extracting high-frequency components by using a high-pass filter, filtering water surface wave fluctuation and other strong background noises, and extracting high-frequency underwater acoustic signals.
Preferably, the method specifically comprises:
s201, sending microwave signals to a water surface to be detected through a multi-band microwave source, wherein the multi-band microwave signals are generated by a plurality of independent microwave sources or generated by a wide-spectrum microwave source through band-pass filtering;
s202, pumping a cesium atom air chamber by using a multi-wavelength laser, preparing a plurality of cesium atoms in the cesium atom air chamber into different Reedberg states, and enabling the Reedberg atoms to cover all microwave signals of a multi-band microwave source with high sensitivity and low spectrum overlapping rate through accurate control of a pump laser spectrum;
s203, microwave echo signals of each frequency band carrying water surface fluctuation information are input into a cesium atom air chamber in a rydberg atom antenna array, cesium atoms at a specific rydberg energy level sense the intensity information of wireless signals of specific frequency components, the intensity information is converted into frequency shift information corresponding to laser wavelength, the frequency shift information is converted into light intensity information through a demodulation means and is detected by a photoelectric detector, echoes of each frequency band sensed by each atom antenna are compared, and water surface fluctuation is inverted according to a micro Doppler effect;
s204, filtering out strong background noise by using a high-pass filter, extracting the water surface fluctuation component corresponding to the sound wave band, analyzing and extracting the acoustic signal and using the acoustic signal to trace various underwater activities.
Preferably, in S102, the laser wavelength spectrum characteristic is accurately detected, so as to achieve high-sensitivity measurement of the microwave echo signal in each frequency band.
Preferably, the above-mentioned rydberg atoms are excited to a rydberg state close to ionization by pumping cesium atoms with a multi-wavelength laser or a plurality of tunable lasers or a nonlinear optical frequency comb light source, and a plurality of alkali metal atoms are present in each rydberg state, and respectively generate maximum response to electromagnetic signals of different microwave bands.
A system for realizing the underwater acoustic signal detection method based on the rydberg atomic radar comprises a multi-wavelength laser or a plurality of tunable lasers or nonlinear optical frequency comb light sources, the rydberg atomic radar, a rydberg atomic antenna array, a high-pass filter, a microwave signal sending module, an antenna array receiving module and an underwater acoustic signal inversion and reduction module, wherein,
the microwave signal transmitting module is used for transmitting a microwave signal to the water surface through the multi-band microwave source and generating an echo under the action of water surface fluctuation, and the echo signal contains water surface fluctuation information;
the antenna array receiving module is used for pumping the cesium atom array through a multi-wavelength laser light field based on the receiving of the rydberg atom antenna array, preparing atoms in the cesium atom array to a plurality of rydberg states close to ionization, establishing a meaning corresponding relation between laser wavelengths and the rydberg states, and enabling different rydberg states to correspond to different microwave frequency bands; high-sensitivity measurement of microwave echo signals of each frequency band is realized by accurately detecting the spectral characteristics of laser wavelength;
the underwater acoustic signal inversion and reduction module is used for extracting water surface fluctuation information contained in each frequency band echo through the micro Doppler effect, improving the precision and uncertainty index of the water surface fluctuation information through mutual verification of each frequency band signal, extracting high-frequency components by using a high-pass filter, filtering water surface wave fluctuation or other strong background noise and extracting high-frequency underwater acoustic signals.
A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the above-mentioned method.
A computer program product comprising computer programs/instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the above-described method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides a technical idea for preparing various Reedberg states by using a multi-wavelength laser pumping single-atom air chamber, which can simultaneously consider the characteristics of large bandwidth and high sensitivity of microwave signal receiving and can effectively measure the precision of each frequency component signal in parallel and surpass the precision of a classical bottleneck.
2. According to the invention, the Reedberg atomic antenna array is introduced into the application of the Doppler radar for the first time, so that richer echo information can be obtained through the improvement of the detection sensitivity and precision of an electromagnetic field, and the detection requirement of the multi-band combined radar can be met through a single detection unit.
3. The invention provides a non-contact, medium-crossing and high-precision measurement method for detecting underwater acoustic signals, organically combines the air stagnation property and the high sensitivity of the micro Doppler radar, and can play an important role in the aspects of underwater exploration, hydrological measurement, diving search and rescue and the like.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the working principle of underwater acoustic signal detection based on the rydberg atomic radar.
Detailed Description
Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below, and in order to make objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the present invention.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The invention provides an embodiment of an underwater acoustic signal detection method based on a rydberg atomic radar, which comprises the steps of transmitting a microwave signal to a water surface through a multi-band microwave source, generating an echo under the action of water surface fluctuation, wherein the echo signal contains water surface fluctuation information; pumping a cesium atom array through a multi-wavelength laser optical field, preparing atoms in the cesium atom array to be close to a plurality of ionized Reedberg states, establishing a meaning corresponding relation between a laser wavelength and the Reedberg states, and enabling different Reedberg states to correspond to different microwave frequency bands; high-sensitivity measurement of microwave echo signals of each frequency band is realized by accurately detecting the spectral characteristics of laser wavelength; the water surface fluctuation information contained in each frequency band echo is extracted through the micro Doppler effect, the precision and uncertainty indexes of the water surface fluctuation information are improved through mutual verification of each frequency band signal, high-frequency components are extracted through a high-pass filter, strong background noise is filtered, and high-frequency underwater acoustic signals are extracted.
In some embodiments, the principle of operation of a single rydberg atom antenna in a rydberg atom antenna array is that a multi-wavelength laser or multiple lasers generate a multi-wavelength laser that pumps and excites cesium atoms into different rydberg states.
In some embodiments, the rydberg levels are related to the pump laser wavelength, and rydberg atoms at different levels produce highly sensitive responses to microwaves in different bands.
In some embodiments, each frequency microwave echo signal is sensed by a different rydberg atom, and echo signal demodulation is achieved by frequency-one detection or intensity detection.
The invention provides an embodiment of an underwater acoustic signal detection method based on a rydberg atomic radar, which comprises the following steps:
s101, microwave signal transmission, namely transmitting a microwave signal to a water surface through a multi-band microwave source, and generating an echo under the action of water surface fluctuation, wherein the echo signal contains water surface fluctuation information;
s102, based on the receiving of a Reed-Barre atomic antenna array, pumping the cesium atomic array through a multi-wavelength laser optical field, preparing atoms in the cesium atomic array to a plurality of Reed-Barre states close to ionization, establishing a meaning corresponding relation between laser wavelengths and the Reed-Barre states, and enabling different Reed-Barre states to correspond to different microwave frequency bands;
s103, inverting and restoring the underwater acoustic signals, extracting the water surface fluctuation information contained in the echoes of each frequency band through the micro Doppler effect, improving the precision and uncertainty indexes of the water surface fluctuation information through mutual verification of the signals of each frequency band, extracting high-frequency components by using a high-pass filter, filtering water surface wave fluctuation and other strong background noises, and extracting high-frequency underwater acoustic signals.
The invention provides an embodiment of an underwater acoustic signal detection method based on a rydberg atomic radar, which comprises the following steps:
s201, sending microwave signals to a water surface to be detected through a multi-band microwave source, wherein the multi-band microwave signals are generated by a plurality of independent microwave sources or generated by a wide-spectrum microwave source through band-pass filtering;
s202, pumping a cesium atom air chamber by using a multi-wavelength laser, preparing a plurality of cesium atoms in the cesium atom air chamber into different Reedberg states, and enabling the Reedberg atoms to cover all microwave signals of a multi-band microwave source with high sensitivity and low spectrum overlapping rate through accurate control of a pump laser spectrum;
s203, microwave echo signals of each frequency band carrying water surface fluctuation information are input into a cesium atom air chamber in a rydberg atom antenna array, cesium atoms at a specific rydberg energy level sense the intensity information of wireless signals of specific frequency components, the intensity information is converted into frequency shift information corresponding to laser wavelength, the frequency shift information is converted into light intensity information through a demodulation means and is detected by a photoelectric detector, echoes of each frequency band sensed by each atom antenna are compared, and water surface fluctuation is inverted according to a micro Doppler effect;
s204, filtering out strong background noise by using a high-pass filter, extracting the water surface fluctuation component corresponding to the sound wave band, analyzing and extracting the acoustic signal and using the acoustic signal to trace various underwater activities.
In some embodiments, S102 achieves high-sensitivity measurement of microwave echo signals of each frequency band through accurate detection of laser wavelength spectral characteristics.
In some embodiments, the rydberg atoms are excited to near-ionized rydberg states by pumping cesium atoms with a multi-wavelength laser or multiple tunable lasers or a nonlinear optical frequency comb light source, where multiple alkali metal atoms are present in each rydberg state, each producing maximum response to electromagnetic signals in different microwave bands.
The invention provides a system embodiment for realizing the underwater acoustic signal detection method based on the rydberg atomic radar, which comprises a multi-wavelength laser or a plurality of tunable lasers or nonlinear optical frequency comb light sources, the rydberg atomic radar, a rydberg atomic antenna array, a high-pass filter, a microwave signal sending module, an antenna array receiving module and an underwater acoustic signal inversion and reduction module, wherein,
the microwave signal transmitting module is used for transmitting a microwave signal to the water surface through the multi-band microwave source and generating an echo under the action of water surface fluctuation, and the echo signal contains water surface fluctuation information;
the antenna array receiving module is used for pumping the cesium atom array through a multi-wavelength laser light field based on the receiving of the rydberg atom antenna array, preparing atoms in the cesium atom array to a plurality of rydberg states close to ionization, establishing a meaning corresponding relation between laser wavelengths and the rydberg states, and enabling different rydberg states to correspond to different microwave frequency bands; high-sensitivity measurement of microwave echo signals of each frequency band is realized by accurately detecting the spectral characteristics of laser wavelength;
the underwater acoustic signal inversion and reduction module is used for extracting water surface fluctuation information contained in each frequency band echo through the micro Doppler effect, improving the precision and uncertainty index of the water surface fluctuation information through mutual verification of each frequency band signal, extracting high-frequency components by using a high-pass filter, filtering water surface wave fluctuation or other strong background noise and extracting high-frequency underwater acoustic signals.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of an underwater acoustic signal detection method based on a rydberg atomic radar is shown, which specifically includes:
(1) the broadband microwave source generates microwave signals of multiple frequency bands, the microwave signals are sent to the water surface of the water area to be detected, echo signals are generated under the action of fluctuation of the water surface, and the echo signals are received by the Reedberg atomic antenna array.
(2) The working principle of a single rydberg atom antenna in the rydberg atom antenna array is as follows: the multi-wavelength laser or lasers shown in the figures produce a multi-wavelength laser that pumps and bursts cesium atoms to different rydberg states, the rydberg levels being related to the pump laser wavelength, the rydberg atoms at different levels producing highly sensitive responses to microwaves of different wavelength bands. The microwave echo signals of all frequencies are sensed by different rydberg atoms, and the demodulation of the echo signals is realized through frequency-first detection or intensity detection.
(3) Each atomic antenna in the rydberg atomic antenna array acquires echo signals of a specific frequency band at high sensitivity, water surface fluctuation is analyzed by using methods such as micro-Doppler and difference, water surface fluctuation signals acquired by each frequency band are comprehensively checked, and measuring accuracy and uncertainty indexes are further improved.
(4) The high-frequency signals in the water surface fluctuation are separated by using a high-pass filter, the water surface wave fluctuation frequency is usually in the order of several hertz, and the underwater sound signals can be judged by frequency components with frequency higher than 20Hz and certain duration.
The invention provides an embodiment of an underwater acoustic signal detection method based on a rydberg atomic radar.
In some embodiments, the rydberg atoms are excited to near-ionized rydberg states by pumping alkali metal atoms such as cesium atoms with a multi-wavelength laser or multiple tunable lasers or a nonlinear optical frequency comb light source, where multiple alkali metal atoms are present in each rydberg state, each producing maximum response to electromagnetic signals in different microwave bands. The specific details of preparing the rydberg state by using the multi-wavelength laser are not limited, and various details such as pump laser spectrum parameters, an alkali metal atom gas chamber construction mode, alkali metal atom types and the like are not limited.
In some embodiments, the rydberg atomic radar generates a multi-band microwave signal by using a multi-wavelength microwave source, after the multi-band microwave signal is reflected by a target object, an echo is received by a rydberg atomic antenna array, a rydberg atom senses an electromagnetic signal and generates frequency drift, and a corresponding relation between output light intensity and electromagnetic signal intensity can be established by an interferometry means, so that detection accuracy and sensitivity which can be close to the Heisebarg limit are realized. System architecture, atomic composition, pumping mode, probing mode, operating bandwidth, tuning range, device architecture, system parameters, etc. are not limited.
In some embodiments, the underwater acoustic signal detection utilizes a Reedberg atomic radar to measure the water surface fluctuation, echo wave front signals carrying water surface fluctuation information are measured through a Reedberg atomic antenna array, the wave front signals are solved according to the micro-Doppler effect to obtain the water surface fluctuation information, the water surface fluctuation with higher precision and lower uncertainty is checked and compared with the echo wave front signals independently analyzed in each frequency band, a high-pass filter is utilized to filter strong background noise with the frequency in the Hertz or sub-Hertz magnitude and corresponding to the water surface fluctuation, and the high-frequency components corresponding to the underwater acoustic signals are extracted and analyzed. On the basis of the invention, various methods for filtering out the fluctuation noise of the water surface by changing the structural parameters and the working frequency band of the Reedberg atomic radar or adopting other means belong to the scope of the claims of the invention.
The invention also provides an embodiment of a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the above-mentioned method.
The invention also provides an embodiment of a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the above method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
firstly, the invention provides a technical idea of preparing various Reedberg states by using a multi-wavelength laser pumping single-atom air chamber, can simultaneously consider the characteristics of large bandwidth and high sensitivity of microwave signal receiving, and can carry out parallel effective measurement on each frequency component signal beyond the precision of a classical bottleneck.
Secondly, the invention introduces the atomic antenna array of the Reidberg into the application of the Doppler radar for the first time, can obtain more abundant echo information through the improvement of the detection sensitivity and precision of the electromagnetic field, and can meet the detection requirement of the multi-band combined radar through a single detection unit.
In addition, the invention provides a non-contact, cross-medium and high-precision measurement method for detecting underwater acoustic signals, organically combines the air stagnation property and high sensitivity of the micro Doppler radar, and can play an important role in the aspects of underwater exploration, hydrological measurement, diving search and rescue and the like.
For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being divided into various units by function, and are described separately. Of course, the functionality of the units may be implemented in one or more software and/or hardware when implementing the present application.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The application may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The application may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art to which the present application pertains. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. An underwater acoustic signal detection method based on a Reedberg atomic radar transmits a microwave signal to a water surface through a multi-band microwave source, an echo is generated under the action of water surface fluctuation, and the echo signal contains water surface fluctuation information; pumping a cesium atom array through a multi-wavelength laser optical field, preparing atoms in the cesium atom array to be close to a plurality of ionized Reedberg states, establishing a meaning corresponding relation between a laser wavelength and the Reedberg states, and enabling different Reedberg states to correspond to different microwave frequency bands; high-sensitivity measurement of microwave echo signals of each frequency band is realized by accurately detecting the spectral characteristics of laser wavelength; the water surface fluctuation information contained in each frequency band echo is extracted through the micro Doppler effect, the precision and uncertainty indexes of the water surface fluctuation information are improved through mutual verification of each frequency band signal, high-frequency components are extracted through a high-pass filter, strong background noise is filtered, and high-frequency underwater acoustic signals are extracted.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the single atomic rydberg antenna in the atomic rydberg antenna array operates on the principle that a multi-wavelength laser or multiple lasers generate multi-wavelength laser light to pump cesium atoms and excite the cesium atoms to different states of rydberg.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the energy levels of the rydberg are related to the pump laser wavelength, and rydberg atoms at different energy levels produce high sensitivity response to microwaves of different wavelength bands.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein microwave echo signals of different frequencies are sensed by different rydberg atoms, and demodulation of the echo signals is achieved by frequency-first detection or intensity detection.
5. The method of claim 1 for underwater acoustic signal detection based on a rydberg atom radar, comprising:
s101, microwave signal transmission, namely transmitting a microwave signal to a water surface through a multi-band microwave source, and generating an echo under the action of water surface fluctuation, wherein the echo signal contains water surface fluctuation information;
s102, based on the receiving of a Reed-Barre atomic antenna array, pumping the cesium atomic array through a multi-wavelength laser optical field, preparing atoms in the cesium atomic array to a plurality of Reed-Barre states close to ionization, establishing a meaning corresponding relation between laser wavelengths and the Reed-Barre states, and enabling different Reed-Barre states to correspond to different microwave frequency bands;
s103, inverting and restoring the underwater acoustic signals, extracting the water surface fluctuation information contained in the echoes of each frequency band through the micro Doppler effect, improving the precision and uncertainty indexes of the water surface fluctuation information through mutual verification of the signals of each frequency band, extracting high-frequency components by using a high-pass filter, filtering water surface wave fluctuation and other strong background noises, and extracting high-frequency underwater acoustic signals.
6. The method of claim 1 for underwater acoustic signal detection based on a rydberg atom radar, comprising:
s201, sending microwave signals to the water surface to be measured through a multi-band microwave source, wherein the multi-band microwave signals are generated by a plurality of independent microwave sources or generated by a wide-spectrum microwave source through band-pass filtering;
s202, pumping a cesium atom air chamber by using a multi-wavelength laser, preparing a plurality of cesium atoms in the cesium atom air chamber into different Reedberg states, and enabling the Reedberg atoms to cover all microwave signals of a multi-band microwave source with high sensitivity and low spectrum overlapping rate through accurate control of a pump laser spectrum;
s203, microwave echo signals of each frequency band carrying water surface fluctuation information are input into a cesium atom air chamber in a rydberg atom antenna array, cesium atoms at a specific rydberg energy level sense the intensity information of wireless signals of specific frequency components, the intensity information is converted into frequency shift information corresponding to laser wavelength, the frequency shift information is converted into light intensity information through a demodulation means and is detected by a photoelectric detector, echoes of each frequency band sensed by each atom antenna are compared, and water surface fluctuation is inverted according to a micro Doppler effect;
s204, filtering out strong background noise by using a high-pass filter, extracting the water surface fluctuation component corresponding to the sound wave band, analyzing and extracting the acoustic signal and using the acoustic signal to trace various underwater activities.
7. The method for detecting underwater acoustic signals based on the rydberg atomic radar as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step S102 is implemented to measure the microwave echo signals of each frequency band with high sensitivity by accurately detecting the spectral characteristics of the laser wavelength.
8. A method for underwater acoustic signal detection based on a Reedberg atomic radar according to any of claims 1 to 6, wherein said Reedberg atoms are excited to near ionized Reedberg states by pumping cesium atoms with a multi-wavelength laser or multiple tunable lasers or non-linear optical frequency comb light sources, and wherein multiple alkali metal atoms are present in each Reedberg state, respectively producing maximum response to electromagnetic signals in different microwave bands.
9. A system for realizing the method for detecting underwater acoustic signals based on the rydberg atomic radar in claims 1-8, which comprises a multi-wavelength laser or a plurality of tunable lasers or nonlinear optical frequency comb light sources, the rydberg atomic radar, a rydberg atomic antenna array and a high-pass filter, and further comprises a microwave signal sending module, an antenna array receiving module and an underwater acoustic signal inversion and reduction module, wherein,
the microwave signal transmitting module is used for transmitting a microwave signal to the water surface through the multi-band microwave source and generating an echo under the action of water surface fluctuation, and the echo signal contains water surface fluctuation information;
the antenna array receiving module is used for pumping the cesium atom array through a multi-wavelength laser light field based on the receiving of the rydberg atom antenna array, preparing atoms in the cesium atom array to a plurality of rydberg states close to ionization, establishing a meaning corresponding relation between laser wavelengths and the rydberg states, and enabling different rydberg states to correspond to different microwave frequency bands; high-sensitivity measurement of microwave echo signals of each frequency band is realized by accurately detecting the spectral characteristics of laser wavelength;
the underwater acoustic signal inversion and reduction module is used for extracting water surface fluctuation information contained in each frequency band echo through the micro Doppler effect, improving the precision and uncertainty index of the water surface fluctuation information through mutual verification of each frequency band signal, extracting high-frequency components by using a high-pass filter, filtering water surface wave fluctuation or other strong background noise and extracting high-frequency underwater acoustic signals.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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