CN114458241B - Optical fiber communication high-temperature-resistant in-situ control system of underground tool miniature liquid station - Google Patents
Optical fiber communication high-temperature-resistant in-situ control system of underground tool miniature liquid station Download PDFInfo
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- CN114458241B CN114458241B CN202210133743.0A CN202210133743A CN114458241B CN 114458241 B CN114458241 B CN 114458241B CN 202210133743 A CN202210133743 A CN 202210133743A CN 114458241 B CN114458241 B CN 114458241B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/16—Control means therefor being outside the borehole
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
- E21B34/10—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells operated by control fluid supplied from outside the borehole
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
- E21B47/07—Temperature
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an optical fiber communication high-temperature-resistant in-situ control system of a miniature hydraulic station of an underground tool. The system comprises an uphole control unit, an downhole control unit and a downhole micro liquid station; the underground control unit is communicated with the underground control unit through optical fiber connection; the underground control unit is constructed by a high-resistance Wen Yuan device, autonomously processes collected pressure data underground and actively controls an underground miniature liquid station in situ according to the pressure data; the underground miniature hydraulic station is hydraulically driven to control the action of an underground tool, and the distance between the underground miniature hydraulic station and the underground tool is only a few meters; the underground control unit can send the collected data to the uphole control unit for display and storage; when the system is accidentally powered off, the backup power supply of the capacitor supplies power to the system for a short time, and the downhole tool is quickly depressurized and closed; the downhole tool can be quickly depressurized and closed when an emergency occurs. The invention realizes the real-time control of the downhole tool and improves the safety of oil and gas production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground production equipment, in particular to an optical fiber communication high-temperature-resistant in-situ control system of an underground tool miniature liquid station.
Background
The method is a country with rich ocean oil gas resources, and has very important significance for ensuring national energy safety when the ocean oil gas is developed under the conditions that the land oil gas production is slowly increased and the overseas oil gas introduction is limited. With the rapid development of offshore petroleum gas exploration and exploitation business, the risk of marine environmental pollution caused by offshore petroleum gas leakage is also increasing. Blowout, platform fire accidents and submarine pipeline leakage are the main sources of accidents for offshore oil and gas leakage. The downhole tool is arranged in the oil-gas well, and when abnormal conditions such as fire alarm, pipeline rupture, irresistible natural disasters and the like occur in production facilities, the downhole tool is rapidly stopped, is closed in an emergency mode, can effectively control oil-gas leakage, prevents marine environmental pollution and other accident losses from being further enlarged, and ensures production safety.
The general principle of controlling downhole tool operation on the well at present is as follows: the downhole tool is lowered into the well bore, the hydraulic control system controls the hydraulic station to pressurize, the pressure is transferred from the well to the piston cylinder of the downhole tool through the hydraulic control pipeline, the downhole tool is started, the piston is pushed to move downwards to a required position, and the spring is compressed. And (3) maintaining the pressure of the control pipeline, wherein the downhole tool is in a normal working state, releasing the pressure of the control pipeline, and pushing the piston to move upwards by spring force, so that the downhole tool is closed. The downhole tool remotely controlled by the uphole hydraulic control system is connected with the uphole hydraulic station and the downhole tool through long-distance control pipelines, so that pressure transmission is realized, the action of the downhole tool is obviously delayed, particularly, when an emergency occurs, the downhole tool cannot be quickly closed to prevent oil gas leakage, and the response delay time is longer along with the increase of the well depth, so that larger loss is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the optical fiber communication high-temperature-resistant in-situ control system of the miniature hydraulic station of the downhole tool, which solves the problem of control delay caused by a long-distance hydraulic control pipeline, and can rapidly release pressure and close the downhole tool when an emergency occurs, thereby remarkably improving the safety of oil gas production.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the system comprises an uphole control unit, an downhole control unit and an downhole micro liquid station, wherein the uphole control unit is communicated with the downhole control unit through optical fibers, the uphole control unit sends control instructions to the downhole control unit through optical fibers, the downhole control unit is used for controlling the downhole micro liquid station in situ, the downhole control unit can autonomously process collected downhole pressure data, the downhole micro liquid station is actively controlled in situ according to the obtained pressure data, the downhole micro liquid station is hydraulically driven to control the downhole tool connected by a hydraulic pipeline, and the downhole control unit is used for sending the collected data to the uphole control unit for display and storage.
Optionally, the aboveground control unit includes host computer and control box, be provided with control button and communication interface on the panel of control box, be provided with I/O module, aboveground fiber transceiver, aboveground switching power supply and aboveground filter in the control box, the host computer can send the tool action instruction in the pit through communication interface and aboveground fiber transceiver connection, and receive downhole status information, I/O module is connected with control button on the control box panel, sends the operation command to the host computer through communication interface, the power supply is supplied with for I/O module and aboveground fiber transceiver after the aboveground switching power supply passes through aboveground filter, reduces the interference of high frequency noise in the aboveground power supply to the tool monitor signal in the pit.
Optionally, the front panel of control box is provided with total power knob, system start/stop knob, manual pressurization button, automatic pressurization button, pressure release button, scram button, pressurize pilot lamp, high pilot lamp of pressure, low pilot lamp of pressure, pressure compensating pilot lamp, high pilot lamp of power temperature, high pilot lamp of driver temperature, and each pilot lamp is according to the underground pressure, the temperature data automatic control of acquireing by the host computer.
Optionally, the upper computer is provided with a downhole tool control program, and the functions of the downhole tool control program comprise control parameter setting of a downhole tool, a system start button, a downhole tool close button, control mode selection, pressure of the downhole tool, display of downhole environment temperature, and automatic storage of temperature and pressure data.
Alternatively, the actions of the downhole tool can be controlled by an upper computer interface button, and also can be controlled by a button on a control box panel, a system start button on the control box panel is used for powering up the system, the downhole tool start button is used for starting the downhole tool, a downhole tool close button is used for controlling the downhole tool to close, and a scram button is used for powering down the system and closing the downhole tool in case of emergency.
Optionally, the downhole control unit includes an underground optical fiber transceiver, a control card, a motor temperature sensor, an underground switching power supply, a first relay, a second relay, a third relay, a fourth relay, a driver temperature sensor and an underground filter, which can all reliably work at high temperature, and the underground optical fiber transceiver is connected with the underground optical fiber transceiver through an optical fiber to realize communication between the underground and the underground.
Optionally, the motor temperature sensor is arranged above the underground switch power supply and is used for detecting the surface temperature of the underground switch power supply, and the driver temperature sensor is arranged above the driver and is used for detecting the temperature of the driver.
Optionally, the underground control unit further comprises a capacitor standby power supply, the capacitor standby power supply comprises a super capacitor, a first relay and a second relay, the first relay is a normally open contact relay, the second relay is a normally closed contact relay, when the underground tool is controlled to be closed, the super capacitor can temporarily supply power for a pressure relief electromagnetic valve of the underground miniature liquid station for controlling the underground tool to be closed when the underground tool is powered off, so that the pressure relief of the underground tool is closed, the first relay and the second relay are powered off by the underground switch power supply, a charging terminal of the super capacitor is connected with the underground switch power supply through a normally open contact of the first relay, and a discharging terminal of the super capacitor is connected with the electromagnetic valve of the underground miniature liquid station through a normally closed contact of the second relay.
Optionally, the power cable and the communication optical fiber of the underground control unit need to be led out from the sealed outer cavity, the outside of the sealed cavity is high-pressure liquid, and in order to prevent leakage, the led-out cable and optical fiber need to be sealed.
Optionally, the miniature liquid station in pit includes hydraulic pressure pipeline, oil tank, pump, motor, check valve, overflow valve, solenoid valve, pressure sensor, hydraulic pressure pipeline is connected with the instrument in the pit, pressure sensor acquires the pressure of oil circuit in real time, when pressure is less than the control of settlement pressure value, under the control of underground control unit, the solenoid valve is closed, pump and motor start, the pressure oil in the oil tank passes through check valve drive instrument in the pit, when pressure is higher than settlement pressure, pump and motor stop, instrument in the pit keeps operating condition, the solenoid valve is under the control of underground control unit, the pressure release of control instrument in the pit.
Compared with the prior art, the optical fiber communication high-temperature-resistant in-situ control system of the underground tool miniature liquid station has the beneficial effects that:
1. the underground control unit is communicated with the underground control unit through the optical fiber, so that an underground tool starting and closing instruction can be reliably and quickly sent to the underground, the action of the underground tool is quickly controlled, the control delay problem caused by a long-distance hydraulic control pipeline is solved, and when an emergency happens, the underground tool can be quickly depressurized and closed, so that the safety of oil and gas production is remarkably improved;
2. the underground control unit controls a pump and an electromagnetic valve of the underground miniature liquid station according to the received control instruction, so that the underground tool executes corresponding actions, the underground control unit collects pressure and temperature data of the underground tool through the pressure sensor, and the obtained data are processed underground to automatically control the working pressure of the underground tool, so that the underground tool can maintain a stable working state;
3. the underground control unit simultaneously transmits the collected pressure and temperature data to the underground control unit through the communication interface, and the underground control unit processes and saves the underground pressure and temperature data in real time and visually displays the data in a numerical value, curve and other modes, so that the working performance of the underground tool can be conveniently analyzed, and the running state can be conveniently observed;
4. in addition, when unexpected outage, the backup power supply of the capacitor can supply power briefly, so that the underground tool is depressurized rapidly, and the safety of oil gas production is further improved.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, given with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fiber communication refractory in-situ control system for a miniature hydraulic station of a downhole tool according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an internal view of an uphole control box of an optical fiber communication high temperature resistant in situ control system of a miniature hydraulic station of an downhole tool according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a front panel diagram of an uphole control box of an optical fiber communication high temperature resistant in situ control system of a miniature hydraulic station of an downhole tool according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a rear panel of an uphole control box of an optical fiber communication high temperature resistant in situ control system of a miniature hydraulic station of an downhole tool according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an installation layout of an underground control unit of an optical fiber communication high temperature resistant in situ control system of an underground tool micro hydraulic station according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic system of a downhole micro station according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the underground backup power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the inventive concept. These are all within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides an in-situ control system of an optical fiber communication type underground miniature liquid station for driving an underground tool in a high-temperature environment, and particularly relates to a control schematic diagram of the optical fiber communication high-temperature-resistant in-situ control system of the underground miniature liquid station, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, wherein the in-situ control system of the underground miniature liquid station comprises an underground control unit 1, an underground control unit 2 and an underground miniature liquid station 3. The above-mentioned well control unit 1 comprises a control box 100 and an upper computer 101, as shown in fig. 2, an above-mentioned optical fiber transceiver 102, an IO module 103, a branching terminal 105, a switch 106, an above-mentioned switching power supply 107, an above-mentioned filter 108 and a circuit breaker 109 are arranged in the control box 100.
The downhole control unit 2 acquires the oil pressure of the downhole micro hydraulic station 3 through the pressure sensor 303, and controls the pump 304, the motor 305 and the electromagnetic valve 302 of the micro hydraulic station 3 in real time on the downhole site, so that the downhole tool 4 driven by the micro hydraulic station 3 is automatically kept in an on state. The underground control unit 2 and the underground miniature liquid station 3 are arranged in a closed cylindrical cavity, and high-pressure underground liquid is arranged outside the closed cylindrical cavity. The underground control unit 1 and the underground control unit 2 are connected and communicated through the optical fiber 104, the optical fiber communication has the characteristics of strong electromagnetic interference resistance, high communication rate, wide transmission frequency band and large communication capacity, a large amount of running state data of underground equipment can be obtained in real time, and when an emergency occurs, an operation instruction on the well can be instantaneously transmitted to the underground, so that the underground tool 4 is quickly depressurized and closed, and the safety of an oil well is ensured.
As shown in fig. 3, the front panel of the control box 100 is provided with a main power knob 114, a system start/stop knob 115, a manual pressurization button 116, an automatic pressurization button 117, a pressure release button 118, an emergency stop button 119, a pressure maintaining indicator light 120, a pressure high indicator light 121, a pressure low indicator light 122, a pressure compensating indicator light 123, a power temperature high indicator light 124, and a driver temperature high indicator light 125, wherein each indicator light is automatically controlled by the upper computer 101 according to the acquired downhole pressure and temperature data.
As shown in fig. 4, the rear panel of the control box 100 is provided with an RJ45 interface 110, an optical fiber interface 111, a control box power aviation plug 112, and a downhole power aviation plug 113. The upper computer 101 is connected with the switch 106 through the RJ45 interface 110, and the switch 106 is connected with the aboveground optical fiber transceiver 102 and the I/O module 103 which are arranged in the control box. The uphole fiber optic transceiver 102 is connected to the downhole fiber optic transceiver 213 via the fiber optic interface 111, the optical fiber 104. The I/O module 103 is connected to a control button on the control box panel, and transmits a panel operation command to the upper computer 101 through the switch 106 via a communication port of the I/O module 103, and the upper computer 101 transmits the received panel operation command or a control program operation command of the upper computer 101 to the downhole optical fiber transceiver 212 via the switch 106, the uphole optical fiber transceiver 102 and the optical fiber 104, thereby operating the downhole tool 4, and simultaneously receiving data of the pressure sensor 303, the motor temperature sensor 201 and the driver temperature sensor 209, and monitoring an operation state of the downhole equipment.
The external power supply is connected with the branching terminal 105 through the control box power aviation plug 112, the circuit breaker 109, the on-well switching power supply 107 and the on-well filter 108 in sequence, and the branching terminal 105 is connected with other devices in the control box and provides working power. And, the external power supply supplies power to the downhole equipment through the control box power aviation plug 112, the circuit breaker 109, the uphole filter 108, the downhole power aviation plug 113, the power cord 126 and the downhole switching power supply 202 in sequence.
As shown in fig. 5, the downhole control unit 2 includes a motor temperature sensor 201, a downhole switching power supply 202, a first relay 203, a second relay 204, a third relay 205, a fourth relay 206, a control card 207, a driver 208, a driver temperature sensor 209, a downhole filter 210, a branching terminal 211, a downhole optical fiber transceiver 212, a super capacitor 213, a mounting plate 214, and a mounting plate 216, and an oil pipe passes through the intermediate oil pipe mounting hole 215. The motor temperature sensor 201, the underground switch power supply 202, the first relay 203, the second relay 204, the third relay 205, the fourth relay 206, the control card 207, the driver 208 and the driver temperature sensor 209 are sequentially arranged on the mounting surface 217 of the mounting plate 214 from top to bottom; the downhole filter 210, the branching terminal 211, the downhole fiber optic transceiver 212, and the capacitor 213 are disposed in this order from top to bottom on the mounting surface 218 of the mounting plate 214. The motor temperature sensor 201 is disposed above the downhole switching power supply 202, and is configured to detect a surface temperature of the downhole switching power supply 202, and the driver temperature sensor 209 is disposed above the driver 208, and is configured to detect a temperature of the driver 208. The downhole fiber optic transceiver 212 is coupled to the uphole fiber optic transceiver 102 via the optical fiber 104 for uphole and downhole communications.
The underground external power supply is connected with the underground switch power supply 202 through the power line 126, and the underground switch power supply 202 is connected with the motor temperature sensor 201, the driver temperature sensor 209, the pressure sensor 303 and the control card 207 through the underground filter 210 to provide working power for the underground switch power supply. Other components of the downhole control unit 2 are powered by the downhole switching power supply 202 via the line terminal 211. The downhole filter 210 can reduce the interference of high-frequency noise to the sensor and the control card when the load such as the motor 208, the electromagnetic valve 301 and the like works, and improve the accuracy of collecting temperature and pressure data and the reliability of a control system. The switching power supply 202 is closely attached to the mounting surface 217 of the mounting platform 214 to facilitate conductive heat dissipation.
The control card 207 includes a microcontroller MCU, a timer, a serial UART, a general IO, a digital-to-analog ADC, etc. The general IO digital output channel DO1 of the control card 207 is connected with the third relay 205 to control the electromagnetic valve 302 of the miniature liquid station 3; the digital-to-analog conversion channel ADC_Ch1 of the control card 207 is connected with the motor temperature sensor 201, the ADC_Ch2 is connected with the driver temperature sensor 209, and the ADC_Ch3 is connected with the pressure sensor 303; the timer channel TIM of the control card 207 is connected with a speed regulation control signal end of the driver 208, and DO2 of the general IO is connected with an enabling signal end of the driver 208, so that the motion control of the motor is realized. The timer channel TIM can automatically control the speed of the pump 304 and the motor 305, and set different rotation speeds of the pump 304 and the motor 305 according to different stages of pressurization, so that the pressurization process is stable; DO2 of the general IO enables control of the motor 305, and controls starting and stopping of the pump 304 and the motor 305 according to pressure data acquired by the pressure sensor 303; when the pressure of the downhole tool 4 is lower than the set pressure, the MCU sends out a starting instruction of the pump 304 and the motor 305, the fourth relay 206 is closed, the pump 304 and the motor 305 are enabled to start, and automatic pressurization is started; when the pressure of the downhole tool 4 is higher than the set pressure, the MCU sends a stop command to the pump 304 and the motor 305, the fourth relay 206 is opened, the pump 304 and the motor 305 are enabled to be closed, the pressurization is stopped, and the downhole tool 4 is kept in an open state. The control card 207 is connected with the downhole optical fiber transceiver 212 through a UART serial port of the MCU, so as to realize the transmission of data and control commands.
The circuit board of the control card 207 is made of high-temperature resistant polyimide material, and other matched components on the circuit board, such as a memory, a clock, a power supply, a passive device and the like, are devices supporting high working temperature, and can reliably work at high temperature.
The software control system of the downhole tool 4 is installed in the upper computer 101, and the functions of the software control system include control parameter setting of the downhole tool 4, system start/stop buttons, downhole tool 4 start buttons, downhole tool 4 stop buttons, manual and automatic control mode selection, pressure of the downhole tool 4, display of downhole environment temperature, and automatic storage of temperature and pressure data. The control parameter settings include a pressure maintaining range setting of the downhole tool 4, the parameter is stored in the control card 207 of the downhole control unit 2, under the control of the control card 207, the downhole tool 4 automatically stops pressurizing when the pressure maintaining range is higher, and the downhole tool 4 automatically pressurizes when the pressure maintaining range is lower. The downhole tool 4 start button is used for starting the downhole tool 4, after the downhole tool start button is pressed on the operation interface of the software control system of the upper computer 101, the upper computer 101 sends a start command to the downhole through the uphole optical fiber transceiver 102, and the start command is received by the downhole optical fiber transceiver 212 and transmitted to the downhole control card 207 to control the fourth relay 206, the driver 208, the pump 304 and the motor 305, so that the downhole tool 4 is started. The down-hole tool 4 closing button is used for controlling the down-hole tool 4 to be closed, and after the down-hole tool closing button is pressed, the upper computer 101 transmits a closing instruction to the down-hole control card 207 through the optical fiber transceiver 102, and controls the third relay 205 and the pressure relief electromagnetic valve 302 to enable the down-hole tool 4 to be closed. The manner of displaying the pressure of the downhole tool 4 and the temperature of the downhole environment includes numerical display, graphical display of curves, and indicator light display. The software control system of the upper computer 101 automatically controls the starting and stopping of the pump 304 and the motor 305 according to the pressure data acquired by the pressure sensor 303, so that the downhole tool 4 is in a pressure maintaining and starting state; in the event of an abnormal situation where the pressure of the downhole tool 4 cannot be maintained automatically, the activation pump 304 and motor 305 may be selectively controlled manually at the upper computer interface to increase the pressure of the downhole tool 4. The upper computer 101 is connected with the aboveground optical fiber transceiver 102 through the RJ45 communication interface 110 and the switch 106, and can send an operation instruction of the upper computer 101 software control system to the underground and receive state information of underground equipment.
The downhole tool 4 may be controlled by a software control system operating button of the upper computer 101 or may be operated on a front panel of the control box 100. The system start/stop knob 115 is used for start/stop control of the system, when the system is in a start position, the control system starts to work, and the upper computer 101 receives downhole temperature and pressure data and displays the downhole temperature and pressure data in a mode of graphics and numerical values on a software control system interface; the automatic operation button 117 is used for starting the downhole tool 4, after the automatic operation button 117 is pressed, a starting instruction of the downhole tool 4 is transmitted to the upper computer 101 through the I/O module 103, the upper computer 101 is sent to the underground through the underground optical fiber transceiver 102, the underground optical fiber transceiver 212 receives the starting instruction and transmits the starting instruction to the underground control card 207, the control card 207 judges whether to start the downhole tool 4 according to underground pressure data, when the pressure of the downhole tool 4 is lower than a set pressure, a coil of the fourth relay 206 is electrified, a contact is conducted, the driver 208 is enabled, the pump 304 and the motor 305 are started, and the downhole tool 4 is started; after the pressure release button 118 is pressed, a closing instruction of the downhole tool 4 is transmitted to the upper computer 101 through the I/O module 103, the upper computer 101 communicates with the downhole control card 207 through the uphole optical fiber transceiver 102, and the relay 205 and the pressure release electromagnetic valve 302 are controlled to close the downhole tool 4; the emergency stop button 119 is used to power down the system in an emergency situation and shut down the downhole tool 4. When the automatic operation cannot normally open the downhole tool 4, the manual operation button 116 may be used to control the opening of the downhole tool 4.
As shown in fig. 6, the downhole micro hydraulic station 3 includes a hydraulic line 301, a solenoid valve 302, a pressure sensor 303, a pump 304, a motor 305, a tank 306, an overflow valve 307, and a check valve 308. The hydraulic line 301 is connected to the downhole tool 4 to provide working pressure to the downhole tool 4; the electromagnetic valve 302 controls the pressure release of the downhole tool 4 under the control of the downhole control unit 2; the pressure sensor 303 acquires the oil line pressure of the downhole tool 4, and the downhole control unit 2 automatically controls the pressurizing process after processing.
The underground control unit 2 and the underground miniature liquid station 3 are arranged in a closed cylindrical cavity, and high-pressure underground liquid is arranged outside the closed cylindrical cavity. The power line 126, the optical fiber 104 and the hydraulic line 301 of the downhole control unit 2 need to be led out from the closed cylindrical cavity, and in order to avoid leakage of high-pressure liquid outside the closed cylindrical cavity into the cavity, the led power line 126, the optical fiber 104 and the hydraulic line 301 need to be subjected to sealing treatment. The treatment method comprises the following steps: two hydraulic pipe joints are arranged on the upper end face of the sealed cylindrical cavity, a power line 126 and an optical fiber 104 in the cylindrical cavity penetrate through one of the hydraulic pipe joints, and then the external power line 126 and the hydraulic pipe joint of the optical fiber 104 are connected through a hydraulic hard pipe line outside the cylindrical cavity; the hydraulic line 301 is connected to a hydraulic fitting of the downhole tool 4 by another hydraulic fitting.
As shown in fig. 7, the capacitor backup power supply 200 includes a supercapacitor 213, a first relay 203, and a second relay 204, wherein the first relay 203 is a normally open contact relay, and the second relay 204 is a normally closed contact relay. In the event of an unexpected power outage, the supercapacitor 213 is capable of briefly powering the pressure relief solenoid valve 302 that controls the closing of the downhole tool 4, such that the pressure relief of the downhole tool 4 is closed, the power time being determined by the capacitance of the capacitor. The first relay 203 and the second relay 204 are powered by the underground switch power supply 202, the charging terminal of the super capacitor 213 is connected with the underground switch power supply 202 through the normally open contact of the first relay 203, and the discharging terminal of the super capacitor 213 is connected with the electromagnetic valve 302 through the normally closed contact of the second relay 204. During normal power supply, the coil of the first relay 203 is kept in a power-on state, the normally open contact of the first relay 203 is closed, and the supercapacitor 213 is quickly fully charged and kept in the state. Meanwhile, the coil of the second relay 204 is kept in a power-on state, the normally-closed contact of the second relay 204 is disconnected, the super capacitor 213 is connected with the pressure relief electromagnetic valve 302 through the normally-closed contact of the second relay 204, and the super capacitor 213 does not supply power to the pressure relief electromagnetic valve 302. When normal power supply is interrupted, coils of the first relay 203 and the second relay 204 are powered off, a normally open contact of the first relay 203 is opened, a normally closed contact of the second relay 204 is closed, the pressure relief electromagnetic valve 302 is powered by the super capacitor 213, the electromagnetic valve 302 is opened, an oil way is depressurized, and the downhole tool 4 is automatically reset and closed.
The working process of the underground miniature liquid station 3 is as follows: the pressure sensor 303 acquires the pressure of the oil path in real time, when the pressure is lower than a set pressure value, under the control of the downhole control unit 2, the electromagnetic valve 302 is closed, the pump 304 and the motor 305 are started, the pressure oil in the oil tank 306 drives the downhole tool 4 through the one-way valve 308, and when the pressure is higher than the set pressure, the pump 304 and the motor 305 are stopped, and the downhole tool 4 keeps a working state. When the pressure release button 118 is pressed at the end of work or the emergency stop button 119 is pressed in emergency, the electromagnetic valve 302 can be quickly opened, and the pressure release of the downhole tool 4 is reset.
Compared with the prior art, the optical fiber communication high-temperature-resistant in-situ control system of the underground tool miniature liquid station has the beneficial effects that:
1. the underground control unit is communicated with the underground control unit through the optical fiber, so that an underground tool starting and closing instruction can be reliably and quickly sent to the underground, the action of the underground tool is quickly controlled, the control delay problem caused by a long-distance hydraulic control pipeline is solved, and when an emergency happens, the underground tool can be quickly depressurized and closed, so that the safety of oil and gas production is remarkably improved;
2. the underground control unit controls a pump and an electromagnetic valve of the underground miniature liquid station according to the received control instruction, so that the underground tool executes corresponding actions, the underground control unit collects pressure and temperature data of the underground tool through the pressure sensor, and the obtained data are processed underground to automatically control the working pressure of the underground tool, so that the underground tool can maintain a stable working state;
3. the underground control unit simultaneously transmits the collected pressure and temperature data to the underground control unit through the communication interface, and the underground control unit processes and saves the underground pressure and temperature data in real time and visually displays the data in a numerical value, curve and other modes, so that the working performance of the underground tool can be conveniently analyzed, and the running state can be conveniently observed;
4. in addition, when unexpected outage, the backup power supply of the capacitor can supply power briefly, so that the underground tool is depressurized rapidly, and the safety of oil gas production is further improved.
The foregoing describes specific embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without affecting the spirit of the invention. The embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (7)
1. The optical fiber communication high-temperature-resistant in-situ control system of the underground tool miniature liquid station is characterized by comprising an underground control unit, an underground control unit and an underground miniature liquid station, wherein the underground control unit is communicated with the underground control unit through optical fibers, the underground control unit sends control instructions to the underground control unit through the optical fibers, the underground control unit controls the underground miniature liquid station in situ, the underground control unit can autonomously process collected underground pressure data, actively controls the underground miniature liquid station in situ according to the obtained pressure data, the underground miniature liquid station hydraulically drives and controls the underground tool connected by a hydraulic pipeline, and the underground control unit also sends the collected data to the underground control unit for display and storage;
the underground control unit comprises an underground optical fiber transceiver, a control card, a motor temperature sensor, an underground switch power supply, a capacitor standby power supply, a third relay, a fourth relay, a driver temperature sensor and an underground filter;
the capacitor standby power supply comprises a super capacitor, a first relay and a second relay, wherein the first relay is a normally open contact relay, the second relay is a normally closed contact relay, when power is cut off under unexpected conditions, the super capacitor can supply power for a pressure relief electromagnetic valve of an underground miniature liquid station for controlling the closing of an underground tool for a short time, so that the pressure relief of the underground tool is closed, the first relay and the second relay are powered by the underground switch power supply, a charging terminal of the super capacitor is connected with the underground switch power supply through a normally open contact of the first relay, and a discharging terminal of the super capacitor is connected with the electromagnetic valve of the underground miniature liquid station through a normally closed contact of the second relay;
the underground miniature liquid station comprises a hydraulic pipeline, an oil tank, a pump, a motor, a one-way valve, an overflow valve, an electromagnetic valve and a pressure sensor, wherein the hydraulic pipeline is connected with an underground tool, the pressure sensor acquires the pressure of an oil way in real time, when the pressure is lower than a set pressure value, the electromagnetic valve is closed under the control of an underground control unit, the pump and the motor are started, pressurized oil in the oil tank drives the underground tool through the one-way valve, when the pressure is higher than the set pressure, the pump and the motor are stopped, the underground tool is kept in a working state, and the electromagnetic valve is controlled to release the pressure under the control of the underground control unit.
2. The optical fiber communication high-temperature-resistant in-situ control system of the downhole tool micro-hydraulic station according to claim 1, wherein the uphole control unit comprises an upper computer and a control box, a control button and a communication interface are arranged on a panel of the control box, an I/O module, an uphole optical fiber transceiver, an uphole switching power supply and an uphole filter are arranged in the control box, the upper computer is connected with the uphole optical fiber transceiver through the communication interface and can send downhole tool action instructions to the downhole and receive downhole state information, the I/O module is connected with the control button on the panel of the control box, an operation command is sent to the upper computer through the communication interface, the uphole switching power supply supplies power to the I/O module and the uphole optical fiber transceiver after passing through the uphole filter, and interference of high-frequency noise in the uphole power supply on downhole tool monitoring signals is reduced.
3. The fiber optic communication refractory in-situ control system of a miniature hydraulic station of a downhole tool according to claim 2, wherein a front panel of the control box is provided with a main power knob, a system start/stop knob, a manual pressurization button, an automatic pressurization button, a pressure release button, an emergency stop button, a pressure maintaining indicator lamp, a pressure high indicator lamp, a pressure low indicator lamp, a pressure compensating indicator lamp, a power temperature high indicator lamp, and a driver temperature high indicator lamp, each indicator lamp being automatically controlled by an upper computer according to acquired downhole pressure and temperature data.
4. The fiber optic communication refractory in-situ control system of a downhole tool micro-fluid station of claim 2, wherein the host computer is provided with a downhole tool control program, and wherein the functions of the downhole tool control program include control parameter settings of the downhole tool, system start buttons, downhole tool shut-down buttons, control mode selection, pressure of the downhole tool, display of downhole ambient temperature, automatic preservation of temperature and pressure data.
5. The fiber optic communication refractory in-situ control system of a micro-workstation of a downhole tool of claim 4, wherein the actions of the downhole tool are controlled by an upper computer interface button or by a button on a control box panel, a system start button on the control box panel is used for power-up control of the system, the downhole tool start button is used for turning on the downhole tool, a downhole tool shut-down button is used for controlling the downhole tool to be shut down, and a scram button is used for system power down in an emergency and shutting down the downhole tool.
6. The fiber optic communication refractory in-situ control system of a downhole tool micro-fluid station of claim 1, wherein the motor temperature sensor is disposed above the downhole switching power supply for detecting a surface temperature of the downhole switching power supply, and wherein the driver temperature sensor is disposed above the driver for detecting a temperature of the driver.
7. The fiber optic communication refractory in-situ control system of a downhole tool micro-fluid station of claim 1, wherein the power cable and communication fiber of the downhole control unit need to be led out of the sealed outer cavity, the outside of the sealed cavity is high pressure fluid, and the led out cable and fiber need to be sealed to prevent leakage.
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