CN114457694B - Bridge climbing type formwork and construction method - Google Patents
Bridge climbing type formwork and construction method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114457694B CN114457694B CN202210188562.8A CN202210188562A CN114457694B CN 114457694 B CN114457694 B CN 114457694B CN 202210188562 A CN202210188562 A CN 202210188562A CN 114457694 B CN114457694 B CN 114457694B
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- positioning
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- concrete
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- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003028 elevating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
- E04G11/20—Movable forms; Movable forms for moulding cylindrical, conical or hyperbolical structures; Templates serving as forms for positioning blocks or the like
- E04G11/22—Sliding forms raised continuously or step-by-step and being in contact with the poured concrete during raising and which are not anchored in the hardened concrete; Arrangements of lifting means therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G13/00—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills
- E04G13/02—Falsework, forms, or shutterings for particular parts of buildings, e.g. stairs, steps, cornices, balconies foundations, sills for columns or like pillars; Special tying or clamping means therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/02—Piers; Abutments ; Protecting same against drifting ice
Abstract
The application relates to a bridge climbing type formwork and a construction method, and relates to the technical field of bridge construction, the construction method comprises a formwork system, an embedded device is arranged on the formwork system, and the embedded device comprises: the climbing cone is propped against the side wall of one side of the template system, which is close to the pouring cavity, and is detachably connected with the template system through the embedded screw; the embedded plate is detachably connected with the climbing cone through a high-strength screw rod. This application forms the pouring chamber through a plurality of template system cooperation, and concrete adds the pouring intracavity, then dismantles embedded screw and dismantles template system, then moves up template system, then with template system and climbing awl fixed connection, then continue to add concrete to this realizes that the layer by layer pouring forms, climbs the awl that comes to lie in the concrete and climbs for the supporting point, consequently has shortened the time that the concrete construction spent, has improved the efficiency of construction of concrete.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of bridge construction, in particular to a climbing formwork for a bridge and a construction method.
Background
When the lower part of the bridge is higher, the bridge is usually designed to be a high pier, the construction of the high pier must ensure that more construction time is provided for the suspension casting of the upper box girder during the slip turning construction, the construction period of the high pier has great influence on the whole construction period, and the concrete casting of the high pier concrete construction is carried out through a template system.
The climbing formwork is a formwork system, is an effective formwork system of reinforced concrete structures of engineering construction shear wall systems and cylinder systems, is often applied to high-rise building and high-volume structure construction, is widely popularized and applied in all countries of the world, is a formwork process integrating the process and characteristics of a large formwork and a sliding formwork, and has the common advantages of the large formwork and the sliding formwork.
The climbing supporting point of the existing climbing formwork is generally realized by means of the embedded screw in the concrete, and the exposed end of the embedded screw is required to be cut by using a tool after the embedded screw is used, so that the construction process is troublesome, the time spent in the concrete construction is increased, and the efficiency of the concrete construction is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the efficiency of concrete construction, the application provides a climbing formwork for a bridge and a construction method.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a bridge climbing form, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a bridge climbing type template, includes a plurality of template systems, a plurality of template system cooperation forms the pouring chamber of pouring concrete, vertical interval is provided with a plurality of pre-buried devices that are used for climbing on the template system, pre-buried device includes:
the climbing cone is propped against the side wall of one side of the template system, which is close to the pouring cavity, and is detachably connected with the template system through the embedded screw rod, and the climbing cone is in a shape of a circular table, and the diameter of one end, which is close to the template system, is larger than the diameter of one end, which is far away from the template system;
the embedded plate is detachably connected with the climbing cone through a high-strength screw rod.
By adopting the technical scheme, a plurality of template systems are matched to form a pouring cavity, concrete is added into the pouring cavity, a vibrator vibrates the concrete, when concrete solidification is needed to be disassembled, a pre-buried screw rod is disassembled to disassemble the template systems, then the template systems are moved upwards, then the template systems are fixedly connected with a climbing cone, then the concrete is continuously added and vibrated, so that layer-by-layer pouring is realized, the climbing cone positioned in the concrete is used as a supporting point for climbing, the time spent by concrete construction is shortened, and the construction efficiency of the concrete is improved; and pouring and vibrating are performed in a layered manner, so that the vibrating effect is improved, and the quality of concrete pouring is improved.
When the climbing cone is not needed, the tool is used for taking down the climbing cone for recycling, and then the holes on the concrete are repaired, so that the material loss during the construction of the concrete is saved, and the resources are saved; moreover, the climbing cone is in a round table shape, so that convenience in taking out the climbing cone is improved, time for taking out the climbing cone is saved, meanwhile, the embedded plate is connected with the climbing cone through the high-strength screw, time spent in assembling the embedded device is saved, and the construction efficiency of concrete is further improved.
Optionally, the two opposite template systems are connected together by a fixing device, the fixing device comprises:
the two conical joints are respectively abutted against the side walls of the opposite sides of the two template systems and are detachably connected together through connecting screws, and the conical joints are in a circular truncated cone shape, and the diameter of one end, close to the template systems, is larger than that of one end, far away from the template systems;
the two fixing screws penetrate through the two template systems respectively and are in threaded connection with the two conical joints;
the two fixing gaskets are respectively sleeved on the two fixing screws;
the two fixing nuts are respectively connected to the two fixing screws in a threaded mode, and the fixing gaskets are abutted to the template system to position the fixing screws.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, connect two toper on the both ends of connecting screw rod with the screw thread, then with two toper connect conflict on the lateral wall of two template system opposite sides, then pass template system screw thread connection with the fixing screw on the toper connect, establish the fixed gasket cover on the fixing screw rod, then with fixation nut screw thread connection on the fixing screw rod, screw up fixation nut and support tightly on the fixed gasket, and the fixed gasket supports tightly on the template system, then install fixed gasket and fixation nut that is located on another fixing screw rod with the same method, thereby with two template system fixed connection together, then with other a plurality of template system fixed connection together with the same method, therefore the probability that the template system takes place the displacement when pouring and vibrating concrete has been reduced, thereby the quality of concrete has been improved.
Meanwhile, the fixing device is simple in structure, so that the time spent for installing the fixing device is saved, the time spent for construction is further saved, the conical connector can be disassembled when the conical connector is not needed, the loss of materials is saved, the conical connector truncated cone-shaped structure saves the time spent for disassembling the conical connector, holes in concrete are repaired after the disassembly is completed, the time spent for concrete construction is saved, and therefore the construction efficiency of the concrete is improved while the quality of the concrete is improved.
Optionally, the template system includes:
the support frame is detachable on the ground through an expansion bolt;
the sliding seat is slidably arranged on the support frame along the direction approaching or separating from the pouring cavity;
the back edge is arranged on the sliding seat;
the foundation templates are arranged on the back ribs in a sliding manner along the direction close to or far from the ground, the bottom ends of the foundation templates are abutted against the ground, a plurality of foundation templates are matched to form a pouring cavity, and the fixing device and the pre-embedding device are both positioned on the foundation templates;
the lifting electric push rod is arranged on the back edge and is connected with the basic template;
the movable electric push rod is arranged on the support frame and connected with the sliding seat;
the connection support assembly is detachably arranged on the climbing cone and is detachably connected with the support frame and the foundation formwork, and the connection support assembly is used for supporting the support frame and the foundation formwork which are separated from the ground.
According to the technical scheme, the supporting frame is fixedly installed on the ground through the expansion bolts, the bottom end of the foundation formwork is abutted against the ground, the foundation formwork is coated with the release agent, the pre-buried device is installed on the foundation formwork, the two foundation formworks are fixedly connected together through the fixing device, therefore, the foundation formworks are matched to form the pouring cavity, and concrete is poured into the pouring cavity and vibrated;
when the concrete is solidified and needs to be dismantled, the embedded screw and the fixed screw are dismantled, then the movable electric push rod is started to drive the sliding seat and the foundation template to be far away from the concrete, then the foundation template is cleaned and then is smeared with a release agent, then the piston rod of the movable electric push rod is extended to drive the foundation template to move upwards to the upper part of the embedded device positioned in the concrete, then the movable electric push rod is started to drive the foundation template to be close to the concrete and props against the concrete, then the connecting support assembly is installed on the climbing cone, and the connecting support assembly is supported on the foundation template, then the connecting support assembly is fixedly connected with the foundation template, then the piston rod of the movable electric push rod is retracted to drive the support frame to move upwards, then the connecting support assembly supports the support frame, and finally the connecting support assembly is fixedly connected with the support frame together, so that climbing of the template system is realized.
Then installing pre-buried device and fixing device, and connecting support assembly fixes mounting bracket and basic template, consequently, continue pouring and vibrating the concrete, and need climb to the template system again when, dismantle connecting support assembly and basic template earlier, then repeat the action of climbing, and when needing the support frame to remove, dismantle connecting support assembly and mounting bracket earlier, continue the action of climbing, thereby improved the convenience that the template system climbed, saved the time spent when the template system climbs, consequently improved the efficiency of construction of concrete.
Optionally, the connection support assembly includes:
the supporting plate is detachably connected with the climbing cone through a supporting screw rod and is supported on the lower surface of the foundation template;
the sliding plate is installed on the supporting plate in a sliding manner and can be supported on the lower surface of the supporting frame;
the first screw rod and the second screw rod are respectively in threaded connection on the supporting plate and the sliding plate and are in threaded connection with the basic template and the supporting frame.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, pass through supporting screw fixed mounting with the backup pad and climb on the awl, and the backup pad supports on basic template lower surface, then on first screw thread connection to basic template, and after the support frame moves up, the pulling slip board removes and makes the slip board support on the mounting bracket lower surface, then on connecting second screw thread to the support frame, thereby support basic template and mounting bracket fixedly, and the support frame is located subaerial with connecting support assembly and support frame demolish, consequently, improved the stability of template system after climbing, improved the pouring quality of concrete.
Optionally, the stupefied one end of back of body rotates through the pivot and sets up on sliding the seat, it carries out positioner who fixes a position to stupefied to the back of body to slide to be provided with on the seat, positioner includes:
the positioning slide block is arranged on the back edge in a sliding manner and is in threaded connection with a positioning screw abutted against the back edge;
the two ends of the positioning diagonal bracing are respectively and rotatably connected with the positioning sliding block and the sliding seat;
the positioning display assembly is arranged on the sliding seat and used for positioning the rotating shaft and displaying the angle of the basic template.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, twist set screw and keep away from the back of the body stupefied, then the locking of unblock location display module to the pivot, then rotate the back of the body stupefied drive basis template rotation, and the location display module shows the angle of back of the body stupefied and basis template, after rotating appointed angle, the location display module starts to lock the pivot, then twist set screw and support and tightly fix a position basis template on the back of the body stupefied, consequently, basis template can pour to the concrete of different angles, the accommodation of basis template has been improved, and location display module and set screw are fixed a position basis template simultaneously, thereby the stability of basis template has been improved, the quality of concrete has been improved, thereby the quality when also improving concrete pouring in basis template accommodation.
Optionally, the circle array of revolute axis on the seat of sliding is provided with the scale mark, location display module includes:
the positioning gear is arranged on the rotating shaft;
the positioning plug block is arranged on the sliding seat in a sliding manner, is inserted and installed on the positioning gear in a plugging manner and is provided with a thread groove;
the positioning screw is rotatably arranged on the sliding seat and is in threaded connection with the thread groove;
the positioning pointer is arranged on the rotating shaft and points to the scale mark to display the angle of the basic template.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, twist the positioning screw and drive the location inserted block and keep away from positioning gear for the location inserted block supports tightly and fixes a position on the constant head tank, locks the locking of pivot to this kind of unblock, and the back of the body is stupefied to rotate and drive the location pointer and rotate, and location pointer and scale mark cooperation show the angle of back of the body stupefied and basic template, and after the basic template angle adjustment is accomplished, twist the positioning screw and drive the location inserted block and peg graft the installation and support tightly to positioning gear on, with this realization locks the angle of basic template simultaneously to the pivot.
Optionally, the cover is equipped with the first protection pipe of supporting and pressing on two toper joints on the connecting screw rod, the cover is equipped with the second protection pipe of supporting and pressing on pre-buried board and climbing awl on the screw rod that excels in, all be provided with the warning line on the screw rod both ends that excels in, the warning line is located climbing awl after the screw rod threaded connection that excels in on the climbing awl.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, first protective tube protects the connecting screw rod, and the second protective tube protects the screw rod that excels in, consequently keeps apart high-strength screw rod and connecting screw rod and concrete, consequently excels in screw rod and connecting screw rod and can dismantle at the completion of using and carry out recycle, consequently saved the loss of material, time spent when also having saved the dismantlement moreover to the efficiency of construction of concrete has also been further improved when saving the loss of material. And the first protective tube limits the size of the concrete, so that the probability of the deviation of the size of the concrete is reduced, and the quality of the concrete is improved.
Optionally, the inside grafting groove that just can supply allen wrench male of regular hexagon all has been seted up to climbing awl and conical joint.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, insert the grafting inslot with hexagon socket head cap handle, then can rotate hexagon socket head cap spanner and be used for dismantling and climb awl and taper joint to the time spent when dismantling has been saved, consequently has improved the efficiency of construction of concrete.
In a second aspect, the application provides a construction method of a climbing formwork of a bridge, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the construction method of the climbing formwork of the bridge comprises the following construction steps:
s1, installing a formwork system, namely installing a supporting frame on the ground, abutting a foundation formwork on the ground, fixedly installing a pre-buried device on the foundation formwork, and fixedly connecting two opposite foundation formworks together through a fixing device so as to fixedly install a plurality of formwork systems, so that a plurality of foundation formworks are matched to form a pouring cavity for pouring concrete;
s2, pouring concrete, pouring the concrete into the pouring cavity, and vibrating and tamping the concrete;
s3, climbing the template system, removing the fixing screw and the embedded screw, lifting the electric push rod to drive the foundation template to move upwards, installing the connecting support assembly to support and fix the foundation template, lifting the electric push rod to drive the support frame to move upwards, and fixedly connecting the connecting support assembly with the support frame so as to realize climbing of the template system, and then when the foundation template and the support frame need to be moved, firstly disassembling the foundation template and the support frame from the connecting support assembly;
s4, repeating the steps S2 and S3, and repeating the concrete pouring and climbing the template system so as to realize the concrete pouring;
s5, dismantling and repairing, namely dismantling the connection support assembly, the climbing cone, the fixing screw, the conical connector and the embedded screw which are not needed to be used again through tools, so that recycling is performed, and then repairing is performed on the residual holes.
By adopting the technical scheme, a template system is installed, then an embedded device and a fixing device are installed, then concrete is poured and vibrated, then a fixing screw rod and an embedded screw rod are removed, a lifting electric push rod is started to drive a foundation template to move upwards, and then a connecting support assembly is fixedly connected with the foundation template, so that the foundation template is supported and fixed; the lifting electric push rod is started to drive the support frame to move upwards, the connecting support assembly and the support frame are fixedly connected, climbing of the formwork system is achieved, then the embedded device and the fixing device are continuously installed, so that the construction efficiency of concrete is improved, and the connecting support assembly, the climbing cone, the fixing screw, the conical connector and the embedded screw are removed for recycling, so that the loss of materials is reduced.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
the pouring cavity is formed by matching a plurality of template systems, concrete is added into the pouring cavity, then the embedded screw is disassembled to disassemble the template systems, then the template systems are moved upwards, then the template systems are fixedly connected with the climbing cone, and then concrete is continuously added, so that layer-by-layer pouring is realized, the climbing cone positioned in the concrete is used as a supporting point to climb, the time spent in concrete construction is shortened, and the construction efficiency of the concrete is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the template system of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a positioning display assembly of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the fastening device and the embedment device of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a partial exploded view of the fixture of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a partial exploded view of the embedment device of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the connection support assembly in the present application.
Reference numerals: 1. a template system; 11. a support frame; 12. a sliding seat; 121. a positioning seat; 122. scale marks; 123. a positioning groove; 13. back edge; 14. a base template; 15. lifting the electric push rod; 16. moving the electric push rod; 17. a rotating shaft; 18. a casting cavity; 2. connecting the support component; 21. a support plate; 22. a slip plate; 23. a first screw; 24. a second screw; 25. a support screw; 3. a positioning device; 31. positioning a sliding block; 311. a set screw; 312. a first positioning shaft; 313. a second positioning shaft; 32. positioning a diagonal brace; 33. positioning a display assembly; 34. positioning gears; 35. positioning the insert block; 36. positioning a screw; 37. positioning a pointer; 4. a fixing device; 41. a conical joint; 411. a connecting screw; 42. a fixed screw; 43. fixing the gasket; 44. a fixing nut; 45. a connecting groove; 451. an insertion groove; 46. a first protection tube; 5. embedding a device; 51. climbing a cone; 511. a mounting groove; 512. a plug-in groove; 52. embedding a plate; 53. a high-strength screw; 54. a second protection tube; 55. and embedding a screw.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-7.
The embodiment of the application discloses a bridge climbing type template.
Referring to fig. 1, the climbing formwork for the bridge comprises a plurality of formwork systems 1, wherein the number of the formwork systems 1 is set as required and is an even number not smaller than four, so that the number of the formwork systems 1 can be four, and a plurality of embedded devices 5 for climbing are vertically arranged on each formwork system 1 at intervals.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the template system 1 comprises a support frame 11, a sliding seat 12, a back edge 13, a foundation template 14, a lifting electric push rod 15 and a moving electric push rod 16, wherein the bottom end of the support frame 11 is placed on the ground and is detachably connected with the ground through an expansion bolt; the sliding seat 12 is horizontally installed on the upper surface of the supporting frame 11 in a sliding manner, one end, close to the pouring cavity 18, of the sliding seat 12 horizontally extends out of the supporting frame 11, a horizontal rotating shaft 17 is rotatably installed on the upper surface of one end, outside the supporting frame 11, of the sliding seat 12, the bottom end of the back ridge 13 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 17, the top end of the back ridge 13 is vertically upwards arranged, and meanwhile, the top end of the back ridge 13 can be close to or far away from the pouring cavity 18 after the back ridge 13 rotates.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the base templates 14 are slidably mounted on the side wall of one side of the back ridge 13, which is close to the casting cavity 18, along the direction of approaching or separating from the ground, the bottom ends of the base templates 14 are abutted against the ground, the four base templates 14 are contacted with each other and matched to form the casting cavity 18 in a shape of a Chinese character 'kou', and meanwhile, the casting cavity 18 is used for casting concrete; when the back edge 13 is in a vertical state, the sliding direction of the base template 14 is in a vertical state in parallel with the direction of the back edge 13, and the base template 14 is driven to rotate simultaneously when the back edge 13 rotates, so that the angle between the back edge 13 and the base template 14 is adjusted.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an elevating electric push rod 15 is fixedly installed on the top end of the back rib 13, a piston rod of the elevating electric push rod 15 is connected with the base template 14 and is used for driving the base template 14 to move, and meanwhile, the elevating electric push rod 15 is located on one side of the base template 14, which is away from the pouring cavity 18; the movable electric push rod 16 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the support frame 11, and the movable electric push rod 16 is positioned on one side of the sliding seat 12 far away from the pouring cavity 18, and a piston rod of the movable electric push rod 16 is in a horizontal state and is fixedly connected with the side wall of the sliding seat 12.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a positioning device 3 for positioning a back edge 13 is arranged on a sliding seat 12, the positioning device 3 comprises a positioning sliding block 31, a positioning diagonal bracing 32 and a positioning display assembly 33, the positioning sliding block 31 is vertically arranged on the side wall of the back edge 13, which is far away from a pouring cavity 18 in a sliding manner, the sliding direction of the positioning sliding block 31 is parallel to the sliding direction of a foundation formwork 14, a positioning screw 311 tightly abutted to the back edge 13 is connected to the positioning sliding block 31 in a threaded manner, a horizontal first positioning shaft 312 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the side of the positioning sliding block 31, which is far away from the back edge 13, and a horizontal second positioning shaft 313 is fixedly arranged on the upper surface of the sliding seat 12, which is far away from the pouring cavity 18, and the axes of the first positioning shaft 312 and the second positioning shaft 313 are parallel to a rotating shaft 17; the positioning diagonal braces 32 are rotatably mounted on a first positioning shaft 312 and a second positioning shaft 313, respectively, at both ends thereof.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the positioning display assembly 33 is disposed on the sliding seat 12, and the positioning display assembly 33 is used for positioning the rotating shaft 17 and displaying the angle of the back edge 13, the positioning display assembly 33 includes a positioning gear 34, a positioning insert 35, a positioning screw 36 and a positioning pointer 37, the positioning gear 34 is connected on the rotating shaft 17 in a key manner, a fan-shaped positioning seat 121 is fixedly mounted on the sliding seat 12 and above the rotating shaft 17, the center of the positioning seat 121 is located on the axis of the rotating shaft 17, scale marks 122 are disposed on the side wall of the positioning seat 121 around the axis of the rotating shaft 17 in a circumferential array manner, and a positioning groove 123 is radially formed on the side wall of the positioning seat 121, which is close to one side of the positioning gear 34, along the positioning seat 121.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a positioning insert 35 is slidably mounted on a positioning groove 123, a threaded groove is radially formed in one end, facing away from a positioning gear 34, of the positioning insert 35 along a positioning seat 121, a positioning screw 36 is rotatably mounted on the positioning seat 121 and is in threaded connection with the threaded groove, the positioning insert 35 is inserted and mounted on the positioning gear 34 under the action of the positioning screw 36, and the positioning insert 35 is abutted against the positioning gear 34 to position the positioning gear 34; the positioning pointer 37 is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the rotating shaft 17, and the positioning pointer 37 points to the scale mark 122 for displaying the angle between the back edge 13 and the base template 14.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the positioning screw 36 is screwed to drive the positioning insert 35 to separate from the positioning gear 34, so that the positioning insert 35 is abutted against the bottom of the positioning groove 123 to position, then the positioning screw 311 is screwed away from the back edge 13, then the back edge 13 can be rotated to drive the base template 14 to rotate, the back edge 13 is rotated to drive the rotating shaft 17 and the positioning pointer 37 to rotate, the positioning pointer 37 displays the angle of the base template 14, after the adjustment is completed, the positioning screw 311 is screwed to abut against the back edge 13, and then the positioning screw 36 is screwed to drive the positioning insert 35 to be spliced and installed on the positioning gear 34, so that the base template 14 is positioned, and the angle of the base template 14 is adjusted.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the two opposite base templates 14 are connected together by the fixing device 4, the fixing device 4 comprises two conical joints 41, two fixing screws 42, two fixing gaskets 43 and two fixing nuts 44, the two conical joints 41 respectively abut against the side walls of the opposite sides of the two opposite base templates 14, the conical joints 41 are in a circular truncated cone shape, and the diameter of one end, close to the base templates 14, is larger than that of one end, far away from the base templates 14; simultaneously, the two conical connectors 41 are detachably connected together through the connecting screw 411, the opposite ends of the two conical connectors 41 are provided with fixing grooves in threaded connection with the connecting screw 411, and the connecting screw 411 is sleeved with a first protection tube 46 which is propped against the opposite ends of the two conical connectors 41.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, opposite ends of the two conical connectors 41 are provided with connecting grooves 45, two fixing screws 42 respectively penetrate through side walls of one side of the two basic templates 14, which is away from the conical connectors 41, and the two fixing screws 42 are respectively in threaded connection with the connecting grooves 45 on the two conical connectors 41, one ends of the two fixing screws 42, which are away from the connecting grooves 45, are provided with regular hexagon inserting grooves 451, and the inserting grooves 451 are used for inserting an inner hexagonal wrench, so that the fixing screws 42 can be conveniently rotated for installation or disassembly; the two fixing gaskets 43 are respectively sleeved on the two fixing screws 42, the two fixing nuts 44 are respectively connected with the two fixing screws 42 in a threaded manner, the fixing nuts 44 are abutted against the fixing gaskets 43, and the fixing gaskets 43 are abutted against the foundation formwork 14 for positioning.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the first protection pipe 46 is sleeved on the connection screw 411, then both ends of the connection screw 411 are respectively screwed to the fixing grooves of the two taper joint 41, and the connection screw 411 is abutted against the bottom of the fixing groove, and the two taper joint 41 is abutted against both ends of the first protection pipe 46, then the fixing screw 42 is screwed to the taper joint 41 through the base form 14, then the fixing spacer 43 is sleeved on the fixing screw 42, and then the fixing nut 44 is screwed to the fixing screw 42, so that the fixing nut 44 is abutted against the fixing spacer 43 to be positioned, thereby fixedly connecting the two base forms 14 together, and then the other two base forms 14 are fixedly connected in the same manner.
Referring to fig. 1 and 6, two pre-burying devices 5 on each template system 1 are arranged vertically and horizontally at intervals, and meanwhile, a foundation template 14 moves upwards to be above a plurality of pre-burying devices 5 to stop running; the embedding device 5 comprises a climbing cone 51 and an embedding plate 52, the climbing cone 51 is propped against the side wall of the foundation template 14, which is close to one side of the pouring cavity 18, the climbing cone 51 is detachably connected with the foundation template 14 through an embedding screw 55, an installation groove 511 is formed in one end of the climbing cone 51, which is close to the foundation template 14, the embedding screw 55 horizontally penetrates through the side wall of the foundation template 14, which is far away from the pouring cavity 18, the embedding screw 55 is in threaded connection with the installation groove 511, and the axis of the embedding screw 55 coincides with the axis of the climbing cone 51; meanwhile, the climbing cone 51 is in a round table shape, and the diameter of one end of the climbing cone 51 close to the base template 14 is larger than that of one end far away from the base template 14.
Referring to fig. 4 and 6, the embedded plate 52 is detachably connected with the climbing cone 51 through the high-strength screw 53, the high-strength screw 53 is in a horizontal state, the axis is coincident with the axis of the embedded screw 55, a first embedded groove is formed in one end, deviating from the basic template 14, of the climbing cone 51, one end of the high-strength screw 53 is in threaded connection with the first embedded groove, a second embedded groove in threaded connection with one end, far away from the climbing cone 51, of the high-strength screw 53 is formed in the embedded plate 52, warning lines are arranged at two ends of the high-strength screw 53, and when the high-strength screw 53 abuts against the groove bottom of the first embedded groove and the groove bottom of the second embedded groove, the two warning lines are respectively located in the first embedded groove and the second embedded groove.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, a second protection tube 54 is sleeved on the high-strength screw 53, the second protection tube 54 is propped against the pre-buried plate 52 and the climbing cone 51, a regular hexagonal inserting groove 512 is formed at the bottom of the mounting groove 511 on the climbing cone 51 and the bottom of the connecting groove 45 on the conical connector 41, and the inserting groove 512 is used for inserting an inner hexagonal wrench, so that the disassembly is convenient when the climbing cone 51 and the conical connector 41 are not needed. The second protection pipe 54 is sleeved on the high-strength screw 53, then the high-strength screw 53 is connected to the first pre-buried groove and the second pre-buried groove in a threaded mode, the second protection pipe 54 is pressed against the pre-buried plate 52 and the climbing cone 51, and then the pre-buried screw 55 penetrates through the foundation template 14 to be connected to the climbing cone 51 in a threaded mode, and therefore the pre-buried device 5 is fixedly installed.
Referring to fig. 1 and 7, the formwork system 1 further includes a connection support assembly 2, wherein the connection support assembly 2 is detachably arranged on the climbing cone 51 through a connection screw 411, and the connection support assembly 2 is used for supporting and fixing the support frame 11 and the base formwork 14 after the formwork system is separated from the ground; therefore, after the foundation formwork 14 moves up, the connection support assembly 2 is fixedly installed on the climbing cone 51, and the connection support assembly 2 is used for supporting the support frame 11 and the foundation formwork 14, and meanwhile, the connection support assembly 2 can be detachably connected with the support frame 11 and the foundation formwork 14, so that the support and fixation of the support frame 11 and the foundation formwork 14 are realized.
Referring to fig. 1 and 7, the support frame 11 is placed on the ground by gravity, and then the support frame 11 is fixed by expansion bolts; the bottom ends of the foundation templates 14 are also abutted against the ground, then the side wall of the foundation templates 14, which is close to one side of the pouring cavity 18, is coated with a release agent, then a plurality of embedded devices 5 are fixedly installed on the foundation templates 14, then the two foundation templates 14 are fixedly connected together through the fixing device 4, so that four foundation templates 14 are fixedly installed, the climbing cones 51 and the conical joints 41 are installed, and simultaneously, the climbing cones 51 and the conical joints 41 are coated with the release agent, so that the four foundation templates 14 are matched to form the pouring cavity 18, and then concrete is poured into the pouring cavity 18 and vibrated, so that the pouring of the concrete is realized.
Referring to fig. 1 and 7, when the formwork system 1 needs to be dismantled after the concrete is solidified, the embedded screw 55 and the fixed screw 42 are dismantled, the movable electric push rod 16 is started to drive the foundation formwork 14 to be far away from the concrete, then the demoulding agent is smeared after the foundation formwork 14 is cleaned, then the piston rod of the lifting electric push rod 15 is extended to drive the foundation formwork 14 to move upwards to the position above the embedded device 5 positioned in the concrete, the movable electric push rod 16 is started to drive the foundation formwork 14 to be abutted to the concrete, then the connection support assembly 2 is installed on the climbing cone 51 close to one side of the foundation formwork 14, and the connection support assembly 2 is supported on the lower surface of the foundation formwork 14.
Referring to fig. 1 and 7, the connection support assembly 2 is fixedly connected with the foundation formwork 14, the expansion bolts on the support frame 11 are removed, the piston rod of the lifting electric push rod 15 is contracted to drive the support frame 11 to move upwards, the connection support assembly 2 is supported on the lower surface of the support frame 11, the connection support assembly 2 is fixedly connected with the support frame 11, climbing of the formwork system 1 is achieved, the pre-buried device 5, the fixing device 4 and concrete casting are continuously circularly installed, vibration is performed, and when the foundation formwork 14 and the support frame 11 are subsequently moved, the foundation formwork 14 and the support frame 11 are separated from the connection support assembly 2.
Referring to fig. 1 and 7, the connection support assembly 2 includes a support plate 21, a slip plate 22, a first screw 23 and a second screw 24, and when the base form 14 is moved up to be above the embedment device 5 in the concrete, the support plate 21 is abutted against the concrete, and then the support screw 25 is screw-coupled to the climbing cone 51 through the support plate 21, thereby fixing the support plate 21 while the support plate 21 is supported on the lower surface of the base form 14; the first screw 23 is screw-coupled to the lower surface of the support plate 21, and the first screw 23 is screw-coupled to the base pattern plate 14, thereby fixing the base pattern plate 14.
Referring to fig. 1 and 7, one end of the sliding plate 22 is horizontally slidably installed on the support plate 21 in a direction approaching or climbing the cone 51, and the upper surface of the sliding plate 22 is flush with the upper surface of the support plate 21, and the width of the sliding plate 22 is smaller than the width of the support plate 21; when the support frame 11 moves upwards, the sliding plate 22 does not move and is not contacted with the support frame 11, and when the support frame 11 moves upwards, the sliding plate 22 is pulled away from the climbing cone 51, so that the sliding plate 22 is supported on the lower surface of the support frame 11, the second screw 24 is connected to the lower surface of the sliding plate 22 in a threaded manner, and the second screw 24 is connected to the support frame 11 in a threaded manner, so that the foundation template 14 and the support frame 11 are fixed; after use, the support plate 21 is removed for subsequent continued use.
The working principle of the embodiment of the application is as follows: a step of
The support frame 11 is fixedly installed on the ground, the foundation templates 14 are abutted against the ground, the embedded device 5 is fixedly installed on the foundation templates 14 after being assembled, then the support frame 11 and the foundation templates 14 are fixedly installed by fixedly connecting the two foundation templates 14 together through the fixing device 4, the foundation templates 14 are matched to form a pouring cavity 18, and then concrete is added into the pouring cavity 18 and vibrated to pour the concrete.
When the formwork system 1 is required to be disassembled for concrete solidification, the embedded screw 55 and the fixed screw 42 are removed, then the electric push rod 16 is moved to start to drive the foundation formwork 14 to be far away from the concrete, then the release agent is smeared after the foundation formwork 14 is cleaned, then the electric push rod 15 is lifted to start to drive the foundation formwork 14 to move upwards, then the electric push rod 16 is moved to drive the foundation formwork 14 to move back to abut against the concrete, then the supporting plate 21 is fixedly installed on the climbing cone 51, so that the supporting plate 21 is supported on the foundation formwork 14, and the first screw rod 23 is screwed on the foundation formwork 14 to position the foundation formwork 14.
Then the support frame 11 is detached from the ground, the lifting electric push rod 15 is started to drive the support frame 11 to move upwards, then the sliding plate 22 is pulled to be supported on the support frame 11, then the second screw rod 24 is screwed to be connected to the support frame 11 to position the support frame 11, and when the foundation formwork 14 and the support frame 11 are required to move, the first screw rod 23 and the second screw rod 24 are screwed to unlock the foundation formwork 14 and the support frame 11, so that climbing of the formwork system 1 is realized, time spent in concrete construction is shortened, and the construction efficiency of concrete is improved.
The embodiment of the application discloses a construction method of a climbing formwork of a bridge.
Referring to fig. 1, the construction method of the climbing form of the bridge comprises the following construction steps:
s1, installing a formwork system 1, wherein a supporting frame 11 is fixedly installed on the ground through expansion bolts, a foundation formwork 14 is abutted against the ground, then a pre-buried device 5 is fixedly installed on the foundation formwork 14, and then two opposite foundation formworks 14 are fixedly connected together through a fixing device 4, so that a plurality of formwork systems 1 are fixedly installed, and therefore a plurality of foundation formworks 14 are matched to form a pouring cavity 18 for pouring concrete;
s2, pouring concrete, pouring the concrete into the pouring cavity 18, and vibrating and tamping the concrete;
s3, climbing the formwork system 1, removing the fixing screw rod 42 and the embedded screw rod 55, then moving the electric push rod 16 to start to drive the foundation formwork 14 to be far away from concrete, coating a release agent after cleaning the foundation formwork 14, then lifting the electric push rod 15 to drive the foundation formwork 14 to move upwards, then moving the electric push rod 16 to start to drive the foundation formwork 14 to move back and collide with the concrete, fixedly installing the supporting plate 21 on the climbing cone 51, supporting the supporting plate 21 on the foundation formwork 14, and screwing the first screw rod 23 to be connected to the foundation formwork 14 in a threaded mode for supporting and fixing.
Then the support frame 11 is detached from the ground, then the lifting electric push rod 15 drives the support frame 11 to move upwards, then the sliding plate 22 is pulled to be supported on the support frame 11, the second screw 24 is screwed to be connected to the support frame 11 in a threaded manner for supporting and fixing, so that the climbing of the formwork system 1 is realized, and then when the foundation formwork 14 and the support frame 11 need to be moved, the foundation formwork 14 and the support frame 11 need to be detached from the support plate 21 and the sliding plate 22.
S4, repeating the steps S2 and S3, and repeating the concrete pouring and climbing the template system 1 so as to realize the concrete pouring;
s5, dismantling and repairing, namely dismantling the connection support assembly 2, the climbing cone 51, the fixing screw rod 42, the conical connector 41 and the embedded screw rod 55 which are not needed to be used again through tools, recycling the connection support assembly, the climbing cone, the fixing screw rod, the conical connector 41 and the embedded screw rod, and repairing residual holes.
The working principle of the embodiment of the application is as follows:
installing the formwork system 1, fixedly installing the pre-embedding device 5 on the formwork system 1, fixedly connecting two opposite foundation formworks 14 together through the fixing device 4, pouring concrete and vibrating, removing the fixing screw 42 and the pre-embedding screw 55, starting the movable electric push rod 16 to drive the foundation formworks 14 to be far away from the concrete, cleaning the foundation formworks 14, smearing a release agent, starting the movable electric push rod 15 to drive the foundation formworks 14 to move upwards, driving the movable electric push rod 16 to drive the foundation formworks 14 to move back to abut against the concrete, fixedly installing the supporting plate 21 on the climbing cone 51, and fixedly connecting the supporting plate 21 with the foundation formworks 14 so as to support and fix the foundation formworks 14.
The lifting electric push rod 15 starts to drive the supporting frame 11 to move upwards, the sliding plate 22 is pulled to support the supporting frame 11, then the sliding plate 22 and the supporting frame 11 are fixedly connected, climbing of the formwork system 1 is achieved, then the embedded device 5 and the fixing device 4 are continuously installed, construction efficiency of concrete is improved, and the connecting supporting component 2, the climbing cone 51, the fixing screw 42, the conical connector 41 and the embedded screw 55 are removed for recycling, so that loss of materials is reduced.
The foregoing are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way, therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered in the protection scope of this application.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a bridge climbing formula template, includes a plurality of template systems (1), a plurality of template systems (1) cooperate to form pouring chamber (18) of pouring concrete, its characterized in that: a plurality of embedded devices (5) used for climbing are vertically arranged on the template system (1) at intervals, and the embedded devices (5) comprise:
the climbing cone (51) is propped against the side wall of one side, close to the pouring cavity (18), of the template system (1) and is detachably connected with the template system (1) through the embedded screw (55), and the climbing cone (51) is in a circular truncated cone shape, and the diameter of one end, close to the template system (1), is larger than that of one end, far away from the template system (1);
the embedded plate (52) is detachably connected with the climbing cone (51) through a high-strength screw rod (53);
-connecting together two opposite formwork systems (1) by means of a fixing device (4), said fixing device (4) comprising:
the two conical connectors (41) are respectively abutted against the side walls of the opposite sides of the two template systems (1) and are detachably connected together through connecting screws (411), and the conical connectors (41) are in a circular truncated cone shape, and the diameter of one end, close to the template systems (1), is larger than that of one end, far away from the template systems (1);
two fixing screws (42), wherein the two fixing screws (42) respectively penetrate through the two template systems (1) to be in threaded connection with the two conical joints (41);
the two fixing gaskets (43) are respectively sleeved on the two fixing screws (42);
the two fixing nuts (44) are respectively connected to the two fixing screws (42) in a threaded mode, and the fixing gaskets (43) are abutted against the template system (1) to position the fixing screws (42);
the template system (1) comprises:
the support frame (11), the said support frame (11) can be dismantled on the ground through the expansion bolt;
the sliding seat (12) is slidably arranged on the supporting frame (11) along the direction approaching or separating from the pouring cavity (18);
the back edge (13) is arranged on the sliding seat (12);
the foundation templates (14) are arranged on the back ribs (13) in a sliding manner along the direction close to or far from the ground, the bottom ends of the foundation templates (14) are abutted to the ground, a plurality of the foundation templates (14) are matched to form a pouring cavity (18), and the fixing device (4) and the pre-embedding device (5) are both positioned on the foundation templates (14);
the lifting electric push rod (15) is arranged on the back edge (13) and is connected with the base template (14);
the mobile electric push rod (16) is arranged on the support frame (11) and is connected with the sliding seat (12);
the connection support assembly (2), the connection support assembly (2) can be dismantled and set up on climbing awl (51), connection support assembly (2) and support frame (11) and basis template (14) can be dismantled and be connected, connection support assembly (2) are used for supporting support frame (11) and basis template (14) that break away from ground.
2. The bridge climbing form according to claim 1, wherein: the connection support assembly (2) comprises:
the support plate (21) is detachably connected with the climbing cone (51) through a support screw (25) and is supported on the lower surface of the foundation template (14);
a sliding plate (22), wherein the sliding plate (22) is slidably arranged on the supporting plate (21) and can be supported on the lower surface of the supporting frame (11);
the first screw rod (23) and the second screw rod (24), the first screw rod (23) and the second screw rod (24) are respectively connected to the supporting plate (21) and the sliding plate (22) in a threaded mode and are connected with the basic template (14) and the supporting frame (11) in a threaded mode.
3. The bridge climbing form according to claim 1, wherein: one end of the back edge (13) is rotatably arranged on the sliding seat (12) through a rotating shaft (17), a positioning device (3) for positioning the back edge (13) is arranged on the sliding seat (12), and the positioning device (3) comprises:
the positioning slide block (31), the positioning slide block (31) slides and sets up on the back rib (13) and the threaded connection supports the set screw (311) on the back rib (13);
the two ends of the positioning diagonal bracing (32) are respectively and rotatably connected with the positioning sliding block (31) and the sliding seat (12);
and the positioning display assembly (33) is arranged on the sliding seat (12) and used for positioning the rotating shaft (17) and displaying the angle of the basic template (14).
4. A bridge climbing form according to claim 3, wherein: the sliding seat (12) is provided with scale marks (122) around the axis of the rotating shaft (17) in a circumferential array, and the positioning display assembly (33) comprises:
a positioning gear (34), wherein the positioning gear (34) is arranged on the rotating shaft (17);
the positioning insert block (35), the positioning insert block (35) is arranged on the sliding seat (12) in a sliding manner, is inserted and installed on the positioning gear (34) and is provided with a thread groove;
the positioning screw rod (36) is rotatably arranged on the sliding seat (12) and is in threaded connection with the thread groove;
and the positioning pointer (37) is arranged on the rotating shaft (17) and points to the scale mark (122) for displaying the angle of the basic template (14).
5. The bridge climbing form according to claim 1, wherein: the connecting screw rod (411) is sleeved with a first protection pipe (46) which is propped against two conical connectors (41), the high-strength screw rod (53) is sleeved with a second protection pipe (54) which is propped against the embedded plate (52) and the climbing cone (51), warning lines are arranged at two ends of the high-strength screw rod (53), and the warning lines are located in the climbing cone (51) after the high-strength screw rod (53) is connected to the climbing cone (51) in a threaded mode.
6. The bridge climbing form according to claim 1, wherein: the inner parts of the climbing cone (51) and the conical joint (41) are respectively provided with a regular hexagon and a plugging groove (512) into which the inner hexagonal wrench can be plugged.
7. A method of constructing a climbing formwork for a bridge as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the construction method comprises the following construction steps:
s1, installing a template system (1), installing a support frame (11) on the ground, abutting a foundation template (14) on the ground, fixedly installing a pre-buried device (5) on the foundation template (14), and fixedly connecting two opposite foundation templates (14) together through a fixing device (4), so that a plurality of template systems (1) are fixedly installed, and therefore a plurality of foundation templates (14) are matched to form a pouring cavity (18) for pouring concrete;
s2, pouring concrete, pouring the concrete into a pouring cavity (18), and vibrating and tamping the concrete;
s3, climbing the template system (1), dismantling the fixing screw rod (42) and the embedded screw rod (55), lifting the electric push rod (15) to drive the foundation template (14) to move upwards, installing the connecting support assembly (2) to support and fix the foundation template (14), lifting the electric push rod (15) to drive the support frame (11) to move upwards, and fixedly connecting the connecting support assembly (2) with the support frame (11), so that climbing of the template system (1) is realized, and when the foundation template (14) and the support frame (11) are required to be moved later, the foundation template (14) and the support frame (11) are required to be detached from the connecting support assembly (2);
s4, repeating the steps S2 and S3, and repeating the pouring of the concrete and the climbing formwork system (1), so as to realize the pouring of the concrete;
s5, dismantling and repairing, namely dismantling the connection support assembly (2), the climbing cone (51), the fixing screw (42), the conical connector (41) and the embedded screw (55) which are not needed to be reused through tools, recycling the connection support assembly, the climbing cone, the fixing screw, the conical connector (41) and the embedded screw, and repairing residual holes.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210188562.8A CN114457694B (en) | 2022-02-28 | 2022-02-28 | Bridge climbing type formwork and construction method |
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| CN202210188562.8A CN114457694B (en) | 2022-02-28 | 2022-02-28 | Bridge climbing type formwork and construction method |
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| CN114457694B true CN114457694B (en) | 2024-02-27 |
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| CN109989348A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-07-09 | 中交一公局桥隧工程有限公司 | A kind of concrete construction cantilever form and its construction method |
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| CN214834817U (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-11-23 | 中国水利水电第六工程局有限公司 | Cantilever template climbing cone structure |
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| CN1904292A (en) * | 2006-07-28 | 2007-01-31 | 张发裕 | Joint of mould plate supporting and locating device for wall building and mould plate supporting and locating device for wall building |
| JP2010059748A (en) * | 2008-09-08 | 2010-03-18 | Sumitomo Mitsui Construction Co Ltd | Apparatus and method for constructing bridge girder |
| CN102900022A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-01-30 | 中铁十局集团有限公司 | Hydraulic climbing formwork construction method for leaning tower of cable-stayed bridge |
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