CN114455921B

CN114455921B - Biomass porous concrete sound-absorbing material and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN114455921B
Application number: CN202210260438.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈灵智; 田建德; 刘保权; 刘超; 秦雪花; 罗逊; 耿培森
Original assignee: Tiangong Lide Technology Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Tiangong Lide Technology Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-16
Filing date: 2022-03-16
Publication date: 2023-01-17
Anticipated expiration: 2042-03-16
Also published as: CN114455921A

Abstract

The invention relates to a biomass porous concrete sound absorption material which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 to 65 parts of water: 30-35 parts of foaming agent: 0.1-0.2 part of anti-cracking reinforcing agent: 0.6 to 2 parts of leveling agent: 0.01 to 0.02 parts by weight of biomass material: 1-5 parts of foaming agent, wherein the foaming agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: (1-2): 3, sodium dodecyl sulfate, olefin sodium sulfonate and animal protein foaming agent, wherein the biomass material is subjected to activation treatment on the surface of the biomass material by adopting monoammonium phosphate. The biomass porous concrete sound absorption material provided by the invention has the characteristics of low price, environmental protection, light weight, sound absorption, simple non-combustion process and the like, and can be used as a sound barrier material and a wall sound insulation layer on traffic such as highways, railways, subways and the like.

Description

Biomass porous concrete sound-absorbing material and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a biomass porous concrete sound absorption material and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of building materials and sound absorption materials.

Background

With the rapid development of modern industry and transportation construction, the noise problem becomes more serious day by day, and the noise pollution becomes one of the most serious environmental pollution problems affecting people's life and becomes a main factor for complaints of urban residents. The main approach for reducing noise pollution is to adopt porous sound-absorbing materials to carry out sound-absorbing and noise-reducing treatment on the environment. The porous sound absorption material mainly has the advantages of a structure with communicated partial pore diameters, high porosity, wide sound absorption frequency band and the like. Conventional sound absorbing materials: organic sound-absorbing materials such as plant fiber materials (sugarcane, straw and wood dust), foams and the like have good sound-absorbing effect, but have poor corrosion resistance and fire resistance; although inorganic fiber sound-absorbing materials (such as asbestos, mineral wool boards, glass wool and the like) have the advantages of good flame retardance, sound absorption and the like, the inorganic fiber sound-absorbing materials are not easy to store and transport due to soft quality, and generate a large amount of fly dust in the application process, so that the human health is harmed. The metallic aluminum fiber sound absorption material has good sound absorption, high strength, high temperature resistance and the like, but has high price and high cost.

The porous concrete is prepared from aggregate, water, a cementing material and the like through foaming, stirring, curing and other processes. The sound absorption material is a rigid frame sound absorption material and comprises open gaps and interconnected pores, and when sound waves enter the pores of the porous concrete, sound energy is converted into heat in the interconnected pores through fluctuation and interference inside a gap structure and is dissipated. The sound absorption performance of the material can be improved by changing the porous concrete pore structure by adding different aggregates (such as ceramsite, fly ash, slag and the like). The conventional porous concrete material is mainly applied to wall heat insulation, but is less applied to sound absorption materials, the sound absorption performance of the conventional concrete sound absorption materials is lower, the ceramsite-based concrete material has better sound absorption and noise reduction performance, the noise reduction coefficient can reach 0.6 when the addition amount of the ceramsite is about 60%, and the cost is higher because the preparation of the ceramsite needs high-temperature calcination.

The biomass porous sound absorption material is made of biomass waste serving as the aggregate, so that the material cost is reduced, meanwhile, the industrial and agricultural domestic waste can be recycled, materials can be taken nearby in the construction process, the pollution of the waste to the environment is reduced, the construction is simple, the construction can be completed through simple pouring, and the biomass porous sound absorption material is a novel energy-saving and green building sound absorption material at present. Based on the defects of the prior art, the existing biomass porous concrete sound absorption material needs to be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a biomass porous concrete sound-absorbing material and a preparation method thereof.

In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

subject of the technology 1

The biomass porous concrete sound-absorbing material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight

Cement: 60 to 65 portions of the components are mixed,

water: 30-35 parts of (by weight),

foaming agent: 0.1 to 0.2 portion of,

anti-cracking reinforcing agent: 0.6 to 2 portions of the raw materials,

leveling agent: 0.01 to 0.02 portion of,

biomass material: 1-5 parts of (A) a stabilizer,

the foaming agent is prepared from the following raw materials in a mass ratio of 5: (1-2): 3 sodium dodecyl sulfate, olefin sodium sulfonate and animal protein foaming agent,

the biomass material adopts monoammonium phosphate to carry out activation treatment on the surface.

As some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the step of activating treatment comprises:

(1) Dissolving a certain amount of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate with water to prepare an ammonium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 8-12%;

(2) Adding the biomass material into the monoammonium phosphate aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of the monoammonium phosphate aqueous solution to the biomass material of 4-6:1, uniformly stirring, and then carrying out dipping treatment at 40-60 ℃ for 3-5h;

wherein the biomass material is sieved by a sieve with 4 to 40 meshes;

(3) After the dipping treatment, the biomass material is taken out, dried, ground and sieved to 100-200 meshes to prepare the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate activated biomass material.

As some preferred embodiments of the invention, the step (2) is to add the biomass material into the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution to the biomass material 5:1, stir uniformly, and then perform immersion treatment at 50 ℃ for 4h.

As some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the concentration of the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is 10% by mass.

As some preferred embodiments of the invention, the foaming agent further comprises 40-60wt% of an auxiliary agent, wherein the auxiliary agent is a mixture of 1: (0.6-1.4) 2-perfluorododecylethyl methacrylate, tetradecyldimethylamine oxide.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the leveling agent is stearic acid or calcium stearate;

as a preferred embodiment of the invention, the raw material also comprises an early strength agent, and the early strength agent is calcium chloride, sodium carbonate or sodium sulfate.

As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the biomass material is selected from corn stover, wheat straw, reed straw, corn cobs, coconut coir, straw or cereal grass.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the biomass material is reed straw.

As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the anti-cracking reinforcing agent comprises 20-30 parts of polypropylene fiber, 10-15 parts of sodium sulfate, 8-13 parts of calcium chloride and 1-5 parts of triethanolamine.

As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the anti-cracking reinforcing agent comprises 20-30 parts of polypropylene fiber, 10-15 parts of sodium sulfate, 8-13 parts of calcium chloride, 1-5 parts of triethanolamine, 3-10 parts of graphene oxide and 3-8 parts of phenyl trimethicone.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cement is selected from one or more of portland cement, portland slag cement, portland pozzolana cement, portland fly ash cement, and composite portland cement.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cement has a designation selected from one or more of 32.5, 32.5R, 42.5R, 52.5R, 62.5R.

Subject matter two

The invention provides a preparation method of a biomass porous concrete sound absorption material, which comprises the following steps:

A. mixing cement, a flatting agent, an anti-cracking reinforcing agent and a biomass material in proportion to prepare a dry material; adding water into the dry material, and continuously stirring to prepare slurry;

B. diluting a foaming agent, foaming the diluted foaming agent, mixing and stirring the foaming agent and the slurry to prepare foamed slurry;

C. pouring the foamed slurry into a mold, vibrating, standing to obtain a biomass-based Kong Hunning soil blank, carrying out mold maintenance for 12-36h at normal temperature, demoulding, and drying.

As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the step B foaming agent is diluted, the foaming agent is mixed with water according to a ratio of 1:30 volume to volume dilution.

Adopt the produced beneficial effect of above-mentioned technical scheme to lie in:

1. according to the biomass porous concrete sound absorption material provided by the invention, the foam stabilizer and the opening performance of the foaming agent are improved through the synergistic effect of several surfactants, and meanwhile, the surface of the biomass material is activated by using a dilute ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution, so that the surface of the biomass material has a large amount of functional groups containing carboxylic acid, hydroxyl, amino and phosphorus, and the opening effect is easily realized through chemical reaction in the mixing process of the biomass porous concrete sound absorption material and foamed concrete. When the test frequency range of the prepared foam concrete is 2000Hz, the sound absorption coefficient is 0.60-0.76, the foam concrete has the characteristics of low price, environmental protection, light weight, sound absorption, non-combustion, simple process and the like, and can be used as sound barrier materials, wall sound insulation layers and the like on the traffic of expressways, railways, subways and the like.

2. The invention realizes the recycling of a large amount of biomass wastes, has rich material sources, can be comprehensively utilized as main crop wastes in south and north, can obtain materials nearby, reduces the transportation cost, has no waste gas, waste water or waste material in the preparation process, is harmless to human bodies, and is a low-carbon, environment-friendly and efficient porous concrete sound-absorbing material.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a biomass porous concrete sound-absorbing material according to the invention;

FIG. 2 is a graph showing noise reduction coefficients of test pieces of LW-1 to LW-6 reed padding of 68mm according to the present invention, in which LW (68) -1, LW (68) -2, LW (68) -3, LW (68) -4, LW (68) -5, and LW (68) -6 (4') represent test pieces of LW-1 to LW-6 reed padding of 68mm, respectively;

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the noise reduction coefficients of test pieces of 50mm of reed packings of test examples LW-1 to LW-6 in accordance with the present invention, wherein LW (50) -1, LW (50) -2, LW (50) -3, LW (50) -4, LW (50) -5, and LW (50) -6 (4') represent the test pieces of 50mm of reed packings of test examples LW-1 to LW-6, respectively;

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the sound absorption coefficient at each frequency of a test block LW-4 according to an example of the present invention, wherein LW-4 (68) -1, LW-4 (68) -2 and LW-4 (68) -3 respectively represent three sound absorption samples of LW-4 according to an example of the present invention, each having a thickness of 68 mm;

FIG. 5 shows the dry densities of 68mm test pieces of reed packings for test examples LW-1 to LW-6 according to the present invention, wherein LW-1 to LW-6 respectively represent 68mm test pieces of reed packings for test examples LW-1 to LW-6;

FIG. 6 shows compressive strengths of 68mm test pieces of the reed packings of the test examples LW-1 to LW-6 according to the present invention, wherein LW-1 to LW-6 respectively represent 68mm test pieces of the reed packings of the test examples LW-1 to LW-6.

FIG. 7 is a sample of foamed concrete prepared in example 3 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail and fully with reference to the following embodiments.

All substances in the formula can be purchased from the market, and the preparation method of the biomass porous concrete sound absorption material provided by the invention can be known from the figure 1 and comprises the following steps:

B. diluting a foaming agent, foaming the diluted foaming agent, mixing and stirring the foaming agent and the slurry to prepare foamed slurry; wherein the foaming agent and water are mixed according to the ratio of 1:30 volume ratio dilution;

Wherein the biomass material adopts ammonium dihydrogen phosphate to carry out activation treatment on the surface.

The step of activating treatment comprises:

wherein the biomass material is sieved by a sieve with 4 to 40 meshes;

Preferably, in the step (2), the biomass material is added into the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution to the biomass material 5:1, is uniformly stirred, and is then subjected to dipping treatment at 50 ℃ for 4 hours.

The raw materials of the examples were prepared in accordance with the amounts of the components in Table 1.

TABLE 1

Example 1

The preparation method of the biomass porous concrete sound absorption material comprises the following steps:

C. pouring the foamed slurry into a mold, vibrating, standing to obtain a biomass-based Kong Hunning soil blank, carrying out mold maintenance for 36 hours at normal temperature, demoulding and drying.

Wherein the cement is 42.5 of Portland cement,

the foaming agent adopts a mass ratio of 5:1:3 sodium dodecyl sulfate, olefin sodium sulfonate and animal protein foaming agent;

the anti-cracking reinforcing agent comprises 30 parts of polypropylene fiber, 10 parts of sodium sulfate, 13 parts of calcium chloride and 1 part of triethanolamine;

the flatting agent is stearic acid;

the biomass material is corn straw, and the surface of the corn straw is activated by adopting 10% ammonium dihydrogen phosphate. The step of activating treatment comprises:

(1) Dissolving a certain amount of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate with water to prepare an ammonium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution with the mass concentration of 10%;

(2) Adding the biomass material into the monoammonium phosphate aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of the monoammonium phosphate aqueous solution to the biomass material 5:1, uniformly stirring, and then carrying out dipping treatment at 50 ℃ for 4h;

wherein the biomass material is sieved by a sieve with 4 to 40 meshes;

Example 2

B. diluting a foaming agent, foaming the diluted foaming agent, and mixing and stirring the foaming agent and the slurry to prepare foaming slurry; wherein the foaming agent and water are mixed according to the ratio of 1:30 volume ratio dilution;

C. pouring the foamed slurry into a mold, vibrating, standing to obtain a biomass-based Kong Hunning soil blank, carrying out mold maintenance for 12 hours at normal temperature, demoulding and drying.

Wherein the cement is 42.5 of Portland cement,

the foaming agent adopts a mass ratio of 5:2:3 sodium dodecyl sulfate, olefin sodium sulfonate and animal protein foaming agent;

the anti-cracking reinforcing agent comprises 20 parts of polypropylene fiber, 15 parts of sodium sulfate, 8 parts of calcium chloride and 5 parts of triethanolamine; the early strength agent is calcium chloride;

the flatting agent is calcium stearate;

the biomass material is wheat straw, and the surface of the wheat straw is activated by adopting 10% ammonium dihydrogen phosphate. The step of activating treatment comprises:

wherein the biomass material is sieved by a sieve with 4 to 40 meshes;

Example 3

C. pouring the foamed slurry into a mold, vibrating, standing to obtain a biomass-based Kong Hunning soil blank, carrying out mold maintenance for 24 hours at normal temperature, demoulding and drying.

Wherein the cement is 42.5 of Portland cement,

the foaming agent adopts a mass ratio of 5:1:3, the foaming agent also comprises 50wt% of an auxiliary agent, wherein the auxiliary agent is a mixture of 1:1.2 of 2-perfluorododecylethyl methacrylate, tetradecyldimethylamine oxide;

the anti-cracking reinforcing agent comprises 25 parts of polypropylene fiber, 12 parts of sodium sulfate, 10 parts of calcium chloride and 3 parts of triethanolamine; the early strength agent is sodium sulfate;

the flatting agent is calcium stearate;

the biomass material is reed straw, and the surface of the reed straw is activated by adopting 10% ammonium dihydrogen phosphate. The step of activating treatment comprises:

wherein the biomass material is sieved by a sieve with 4 to 40 meshes;

Example 4

Wherein the cement is 42.5 of Portland cement,

the foaming agent adopts a mass ratio of 5:1:3, sodium dodecyl sulfate, olefin sodium sulfonate and animal protein foaming agent, wherein the foaming agent also comprises 50wt% of auxiliary agent which is 2-perfluorododecyl ethyl methacrylate;

the flatting agent is calcium stearate;

(2) Adding the biomass material into the monoammonium phosphate aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of the monoammonium phosphate aqueous solution to the biomass material 5:1, uniformly stirring, and then carrying out dipping treatment for 4h at 50 ℃;

wherein the biomass material is sieved by a sieve with 4 to 40 meshes;

Example 5

Wherein the cement is 42.5 of Portland cement,

the foaming agent adopts a mass ratio of 5:1:3, sodium dodecyl sulfate, olefin sodium sulfonate, an animal protein foaming agent, and 50wt% of an auxiliary agent, wherein the auxiliary agent is tetradecyl dimethyl amine oxide;

the flatting agent is calcium stearate;

wherein the biomass material is sieved by a sieve with 4 to 40 meshes;

Example 6

Wherein the cement is 42.5 of Portland cement,

the flatting agent is calcium stearate;

wherein the biomass material is sieved by a sieve with 4 to 40 meshes;

Comparative example 1

Compared with example 1, the only difference is that the surface of the corn straw is not activated by ammonium dihydrogen phosphate.

The sound absorption coefficient and the noise reduction coefficient of the foamed concrete materials prepared in examples 1 to 6 and comparative example 1 were measured according to TB/T3122 to 2019, and the test results are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 2

The dry density and the compressive strength of the foamed concrete materials prepared in examples 1 to 6 and comparative example 1 were measured according to JG/T266-2011, and the test results are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3

The foamed concrete prepared in the embodiment 3 is used as a sound absorption and insulation material to prepare a metal sound barrier finished board, and the test results of the noise reduction coefficient and the sound insulation amount of the reverberation chamber are as follows: the noise reduction coefficient is 0.76, the sound insulation amount is 36dB, and the acoustic index requirements that the noise reduction coefficient is more than or equal to 0.7 and the sound insulation amount is more than or equal to 30dB are met; according to the test standard: ASTM-C522 and ASD-STAN PREN6018-1990, two acoustic characteristic indexes of porosity performance and flow resistivity performance are tested, and the test result is as follows: porosity 21%, static flow resistivity 19830.

The influence of the reed dosage on the noise reduction coefficient of the foamed concrete is explored

Test examples LW-1 to LW-6 were set, wherein the amounts of LW-1 to LW-5 reeds were 1.12%, 1.55%, 2.06%, 2.48%, and 2.95%, respectively, and the remaining raw materials were kept unchanged compared to example 6. LW-6 tests were conducted by replacing 14.26% of the cement with fine sand based on the LW-4 material ratio.

Three sound absorption samples with the thickness of 50mm and three sound absorption samples with the thickness of 68mm are obtained in each group of test examples, and the average value of the noise reduction coefficients of each group of similar samples is taken for comparison. Three square test blocks of 100mm x 100mm are obtained for each set of experiments according to JG/T266-2011 and are used for measuring the dry density and the compressive strength of each set of test blocks under the formula.

As can be seen from fig. 2-3, with the addition of the reed filler and the increase of the addition amount, the sound absorption effect of the sample is generally improved continuously. And the sound absorption effect is better on the whole. And the larger the test block thickness is, the better the sound absorption effect is.

For the test sample LW-4, the sound absorption coefficient of the test block at each frequency is shown in FIG. 4.

The dry densities measured for each set of tests are as follows, see table 4 and fig. 5.

TABLE 4

Test number	LW-1	LW-2	LW-3	LW-4	LW-5	LW-6
							Dry density kg/m ³	475.3	511.4	511.6	505.2	480	709.9

The compressive strength of each set of tests is shown in table 5 below and fig. 6.

TABLE 5

Test number	LW-1	LW-2	LW-3	LW-4	LW-5	LW-6
							Compressive strength MPa	0.82	0.74	0.87	0.71	0.65	1.8

From the test results, it can be known that, as the sound absorption effect of the foamed concrete is higher, the dry density thereof is lower, and the compressive strength thereof is lower.

Test for investigating strength improvement of foamed concrete

Example 7

Compared with example 6, the only difference is that the crack resistance enhancer includes 25 parts of polypropylene fiber, 12 parts of sodium sulfate, 10 parts of calcium chloride, 3 parts of triethanolamine, 4 parts of graphene oxide, and 4 parts of phenyl trimethicone.

Example 8

The only difference compared to example 6 is that the crack resistance enhancer comprises 25 parts polypropylene fiber, 12 parts sodium sulfate, 10 parts calcium chloride, 3 parts triethanolamine, 8 parts phenyl trimethicone.

Example 9

Compared with example 6, the only difference is that the crack resistance enhancer comprises 25 parts of polypropylene fiber, 12 parts of sodium sulfate, 10 parts of calcium chloride, 3 parts of triethanolamine and 8 parts of graphene oxide.

The compression strength of the test block was measured according to JG/T266-2011, and the sound absorption coefficient was measured according to TB/T3122-2019, and the results are shown in Table 6.

TABLE 6

	Example 7	Example 8	Example 9
				Compressive strength/MPa	2.0	1.5	1.4
Sound absorption coefficient 2000Hz	0.66	0.63	0.65

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. The biomass porous concrete sound absorption material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60 to 65 portions of the mixture of the water soluble polymer and the organic solvent,

water: 30-35 parts of (by weight),

foaming agent: 0.1 to 0.2 portion of,

anti-cracking reinforcing agent: 0.6 to 2 parts by weight of a solvent,

leveling agent: 0.01 to 0.02 portion of,

biomass material: 1-5 parts of (A) a stabilizer,

the biomass material adopts monoammonium phosphate to carry out activation treatment on the surface;

the step of activating treatment comprises:

(2) Adding the biomass material into the monoammonium phosphate aqueous solution according to the mass ratio of the monoammonium phosphate aqueous solution to the biomass material of 4-6:1, uniformly stirring, and then carrying out dipping treatment at 40-60 ℃ for 3-5h; wherein the biomass material is sieved by a sieve with 4 to 40 meshes;

(3) After the dipping treatment, taking out the biomass material, drying, grinding and sieving to 100-200 meshes to obtain the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate activated biomass material;

the foaming agent also comprises 40-60wt% of an auxiliary agent, wherein the auxiliary agent is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass of 1: (0.6-1.4) 2-perfluorododecylethyl methacrylate, tetradecyldimethylamine oxide;

the anti-cracking reinforcing agent comprises 20-30 parts of polypropylene fiber, 10-15 parts of sodium sulfate, 8-13 parts of calcium chloride, 1-5 parts of triethanolamine, 3-10 parts of graphene oxide and 3-8 parts of phenyl trimethicone;

the biomass material is corn stalk, wheat stalk, reed stalk, corn cob, coconut husk, rice straw or cereal grass.

2. The biomass porous concrete sound absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the leveling agent is stearic acid or calcium stearate.

3. The biomass porous concrete sound absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the biomass material is reed straw.

4. The biomass porous concrete sound absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the cement is selected from one or more of portland cement, portland slag cement, portland pozzolan cement, portland fly ash cement, and composite portland cement.

5. The biomass porous concrete sound absorbing material according to claim 1, wherein the cement has a designation selected from one or more of 32.5, 32.5R, 42.5R, 52.5R, 62.5R.

6. The method for preparing the biomass porous concrete sound absorption material according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:

7. The method for preparing the biomass porous concrete sound absorption material according to claim 6, wherein when the foaming agent in the step B is diluted, the foaming agent and water are mixed according to the ratio of 1:30 volume to volume dilution.