CN114455913A - Composite material for outdoor table tennis table - Google Patents
Composite material for outdoor table tennis table Download PDFInfo
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- CN114455913A CN114455913A CN202210149166.4A CN202210149166A CN114455913A CN 114455913 A CN114455913 A CN 114455913A CN 202210149166 A CN202210149166 A CN 202210149166A CN 114455913 A CN114455913 A CN 114455913A
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- metakaolin
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
Abstract
The invention relates to a composite material for an outdoor table tennis table, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-110 parts of cement, 55-65 parts of river sand, 0.5-0.8 part of redispersible latex powder, 0.3-0.6 part of polypropylene fiber, 4-8 parts of fly ash, 3-6 parts of bagasse ash, 0.3-0.8 part of lignocellulose, 0.2-0.4 part of reducer, 1-3 parts of metakaolin-loaded zirconium dioxide, 36-48 parts of water, 5-10 parts of epoxy resin, 1-2 parts of curing agent and 0.4-1 part of auxiliary agent. The table tennis table board solves the problems that the existing wooden table tennis table board is not suitable for outdoor use, is not corrosion-resistant and is easy to age.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composite material for an outdoor table tennis table.
Background
The table tennis is a Chinese ball and is a popular ball sports item in the world. Table tennis table is the facility that is essential when carrying out table tennis, and table tennis table generally includes mesa, support and block, the mesa bottom is located to the support, block perpendicular to mesa and divide into the two parts of symmetry with the mesa. The table tennis table top can be made of any material, such as wood, glass fiber reinforced plastic, marble, SMC (sheet molding compound) plate, sawdust plate and the like, and the table tennis table top is made of solid wood and needs to have certain elasticity.
The table tennis is widely applied to indoor or outdoor sports, wherein the outdoor table tennis table requires that the table top of the table tennis table can withstand the sun and rain, has the characteristics of difficult aging, long service life and the like, and can resist high temperature, ultraviolet and corrosion in consideration of the influence of various climates. Obviously, wooden playing surfaces have been difficult to meet the above requirements, and many table tennis playing surfaces of new materials have been developed by those skilled in the art, for example, patent CN 101301521a published on 11/12/2008 discloses a method for manufacturing a table tennis table, which includes the following steps: 1) manufacturing a desktop bottom plate: manufacturing a bottom plate with the shape matched with that of the table top of the table by using unsaturated resin on a bottom plate mould, and curing for later use; 2) manufacturing a desktop main board: coating a coat resin on the main board die, coating an unsaturated resin, coating a mixture of the unsaturated resin and talcum powder after the unsaturated resin is cured, coating a base plate with small holes, and pressing the base plate tightly to finish the manufacture of the desktop main board; 3) manufacturing a desktop: and (3) coating unsaturated resin on the main board, covering the standby bottom board on the table top main board coated with the unsaturated resin, compressing, and curing to finish the table top manufacture. The main board die comprises a bottom board and a frame, the bottom surface of the frame is fixed on the upper surface of the bottom board close to the four peripheries, and the bottom board and the frame are fixed in a separable structure.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, aiming at the above, the invention provides a composite material for an outdoor table tennis table, which solves the problems that the existing wooden table tennis table is not suitable for outdoor use, is not corrosion-resistant and is easy to age.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the composite material for the outdoor table tennis table comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-110 parts of cement, 55-65 parts of river sand, 0.5-0.8 part of redispersible latex powder, 0.3-0.6 part of polypropylene fiber, 4-8 parts of fly ash, 3-6 parts of bagasse ash, 0.3-0.8 part of lignocellulose, 0.2-0.4 part of reducer, 1-3 parts of metakaolin-loaded zirconium dioxide, 36-48 parts of water, 5-10 parts of epoxy resin, 1-2 parts of curing agent and 0.4-1 part of auxiliary agent.
The further improvement is that: the auxiliary agent comprises, by mass, 15-24% of a defoaming agent, 15-24% of a dispersing agent and 56-70% of fumed silica.
The further improvement is that: the metakaolin loaded zirconium dioxide is prepared by the following steps:
(1) adding metakaolin powder into a sodium hydroxide solution, heating and stirring for reaction, and filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain modified metakaolin;
(2) dissolving zirconium oxychloride in deionized water to prepare a zirconium oxychloride aqueous solution, adding modified metakaolin into the zirconium oxychloride aqueous solution, reacting at the temperature of 20-40 ℃ for 0.5-2 h, keeping the pH value of the solution at 8.0-9.0 in the reaction process, carrying out solid-liquid separation after the reaction is finished to obtain a solid, and then carrying out calcination treatment to obtain the metakaolin loaded zirconium dioxide.
The further improvement is that: the reaction temperature of the step (1) is 66-80 ℃, and the reaction time is 3-5 h.
The further improvement is that: in the step (2), the mass ratio of the zirconium oxychloride to the modified metakaolin is 1: 8-1: 16.
The further improvement is that: in the step (2), the calcining temperature is 650-800 ℃, and the calcining time is 2-4 h.
The further improvement is that: and (3) performing solid-liquid separation in the step (2) by adopting a centrifugal separation or suction filtration washing method.
The further improvement is that: the composite material further comprises 1.5-2.5 parts of microcapsules, wherein the microcapsules are prepared by taking N-carboxyethyl chitosan and sulfadiazine as core materials and taking Arabic gum and gelatin as wall materials through a complex coacervation method.
The further improvement is that: the mass ratio of the core material to the wall material is 1: 1-1: 3.
The further improvement is that: the mass ratio of the N-carboxyethyl chitosan in the core material is 35-65%, and the mass ratio of the gelatin in the wall material is 50-70%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the epoxy resin is added in the formula of the invention, and a protective layer is formed on the surface of the cement slurry after curing, so that the waterproof and anti-permeability performances are good. When the table tennis table top prepared by the composite material of the invention has microcracks, the microcapsules are induced to break to release N-carboxyethyl chitosan and sulfadiazine, the incompletely cured epoxy resin and the epoxy resin have ring-opening reaction, and the network structure is formed by crosslinking to repair the cracks, thereby prolonging the service life of the table top. In addition, both the N-carboxyethyl chitosan and the sulfadiazine have broad-spectrum antibacterial property, most gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria can be inhibited, the antibacterial compound is bonded on the substrate through a ring-opening reaction, the N-carboxyethyl chitosan and the sulfadiazine can be uniformly dispersed in the slurry, and the table top formed after hardening has antibacterial property.
The metakaolin has the activity of volcanic ash, can perform secondary hydration reaction with calcium hydroxide generated by cement hydration reaction, and accelerates the cement hydration reaction; the metakaolin is hydrated to generate hydrated calcium silicate and hydrated calcium sulfoaluminate with filling effect, so that the internal pore structure of the slurry is optimized, and the mechanical property and durability of the composite material are effectively improved. Metakaolin is amorphous aluminum silicate formed by dehydroxylation of kaolin by calcination at high temperature, and the calcination temperature and time are different due to the difference in the mineral composition and structure order of kaolin. If the optimal calcination condition is not adopted, the formed metakaolin is low in volcanic ash activity, so that the early mechanical property of the cement concrete is low. The nano zirconia can improve the microstructure of the cement slurry, reduce the porosity, increase the compactness and improve the mechanical property and the impermeability of the composite material. However, the nano-particles are difficult to disperse uniformly, and are easy to agglomerate to form large particles, so that the due effect cannot be exerted. The invention uses metakaolin as a carrier to load the nano zirconia, thereby realizing the stable dispersion of the nano zirconia and obviously reducing the agglomeration phenomenon; the zirconia is loaded on the surface of the metakaolin, so that the friction coefficient of the surface of the metakaolin is increased, the interface bonding force between the metakaolin and a cement hydration product is improved, in addition, the zirconia with high specific surface area can provide an additional nucleation site for the formation of the hydration product, the hydration reaction in an accelerated period is promoted, the content of calcium hydroxide in the slurry is higher, the reaction probability of the metakaolin is increased, and the volcanic ash activity of the metakaolin is improved.
The proper amount of latex powder is added in the formula, so that the toughness and the breaking strength of the composite material can be improved, and the internal structure of the composite material is improved. The polypropylene fiber has a crack-resistant effect, is uniformly dispersed when being mixed into a formula, can effectively prevent segregation settlement cracks, plastic cracks and drying shrinkage cracks which easily occur in the early stage of a cement matrix, and is beneficial to improving the impermeability of the composite material; the polypropylene fiber can also improve the durability of the composite material and the capacity of absorbing energy when being impacted, and reduce the phenomenon of stress concentration. However, due to the hydrophobicity of the polypropylene fiber, the interface between the fiber and the cement matrix is easy to form a weak interface effect, which is not favorable for the strength of the composite material. By adding the fly ash, the fluidity of the cement matrix can be increased, and the binding power between the matrix interface and the polypropylene fiber interface is improved. The lignocellulose has good flexibility and dispersibility, and can improve the stability, strength and compactness of the composite material. Bagasse is used as agricultural solid waste, is usually directly subjected to incineration treatment, and cannot be effectively utilized. The bagasse ash after the bagasse calcination contains high-content silicon dioxide, and the bagasse ash is added into the formula, so that the secondary utilization of wastes is realized, the function of a nucleation site can be realized, the hydration product calcium hydroxide is consumed, the generation of interface weak areas is reduced, and the integral structure of the composite material is more compact.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description will be provided for the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific embodiments, so that how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented.
Unless otherwise indicated, the techniques employed in the examples are conventional and well known to those skilled in the art, and the reagents and products employed are also commercially available. The source, trade name and if necessary the constituents of the reagents used are indicated at the first appearance.
Example 1
The composite material for the outdoor table tennis table comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90 parts of portland cement, 55 parts of river sand, 0.5 part of redispersible latex powder, 0.3 part of polypropylene fiber, 4 parts of fly ash, 3 parts of bagasse ash, 0.3 part of lignocellulose, 0.2 part of polycarboxylic acid reducer, 1 part of metakaolin loaded zirconium dioxide, 36 parts of water, 5 parts of bisphenol A epoxy resin, 1 part of T31 curing agent, 0.06 part of defoaming agent, 0.08 part of dispersing agent, 0.26 part of fumed silica and 1.5 parts of microcapsule.
The metakaolin loaded zirconium dioxide is prepared by the following steps:
(1) adding metakaolin powder into a sodium hydroxide solution, heating and stirring for reaction for 5 hours at the reaction temperature of 66 ℃, and filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain modified metakaolin;
(2) dissolving zirconium oxychloride in deionized water to prepare a 1mol/L zirconium oxychloride aqueous solution, adding modified metakaolin into the zirconium oxychloride aqueous solution, wherein the mass ratio of the zirconium oxychloride to the modified metakaolin is 1:8, reacting at 20 ℃ for 2 hours, keeping the pH value of the solution at 8.0-9.0 during the reaction, performing centrifugal separation after the reaction is finished to obtain a solid, and then performing calcination treatment, wherein the calcination temperature is 650 ℃ and the calcination time is 4 hours to obtain the metakaolin loaded zirconium dioxide.
The microcapsule is prepared by the following steps:
a. weighing Arabic gum and gelatin according to the mass ratio of 1:1, heating, stirring and dissolving to obtain a wall material solution with the mass fraction of 1%;
b. adding a core material into a wall material solution according to the mass ratio of 1:1 of the core material to the wall material solution, homogenizing for 5min to obtain an emulsion, stirring at a constant temperature of 45 ℃, adjusting the pH value to 3.8-4.2 by using acetic acid, performing complex condensation reaction for 15min, cooling to below 15 ℃, adjusting the pH value to 6.0, adding glutamine transaminase, and curing for 3 h;
c. and carrying out suction filtration and washing to obtain wet microcapsules, and carrying out spray drying to obtain powdery microcapsules.
The composite material prepared in this example was subjected to a performance test, and the result was: 7d flexural strength of 7.05MPa,28d flexural strength of 8.90MPa,7d compressive strength of 41.87MPa,28d compressive strength of 54.21MPa, and chloride ion permeability coefficient of 8.2 × 10-13m2/s。
Example 2
The composite material for the outdoor table tennis table comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of cement, 60 parts of river sand, 0.6 part of redispersible latex powder, 0.5 part of polypropylene fiber, 5 parts of fly ash, 4 parts of bagasse ash, 0.5 part of lignocellulose, 0.3 part of polycarboxylic acid reducer, 2 parts of metakaolin loaded zirconium dioxide, 42 parts of water, 8 parts of epoxy resin, 1.5 parts of curing agent, 0.14 part of defoaming agent, 0.17 part of dispersing agent, 0.39 part of fumed silica and 2 parts of microcapsule.
The metakaolin loaded zirconium dioxide is prepared by the following steps:
(1) adding metakaolin powder into a sodium hydroxide solution, heating and stirring for reaction for 4 hours at the reaction temperature of 72 ℃, and filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain modified metakaolin;
(2) dissolving zirconium oxychloride in deionized water to prepare a 1mol/L zirconium oxychloride aqueous solution, adding modified metakaolin into the zirconium oxychloride aqueous solution, wherein the mass ratio of the zirconium oxychloride to the modified metakaolin is 1:12, reacting at 30 ℃ for 1.5h, keeping the pH value of the solution at 8.0-9.0 during the reaction, performing suction filtration and washing after the reaction to obtain a solid, and calcining at 720 ℃ for 3h to obtain the metakaolin loaded zirconium dioxide.
The microcapsule is prepared by taking N-carboxyethyl chitosan and sulfadiazine as core materials and Arabic gum and gelatin as wall materials through a complex coacervation method, wherein the mass ratio of the core materials to the wall materials is 1:2, the mass ratio of the N-carboxyethyl chitosan in the core materials is 50%, and the mass ratio of the gelatin in the wall materials is 60%.
The composite material prepared in this example was subjected to a performance test, and the result was: 7d flexural strength of 7.36MPa,28d flexural strength of 9.17MPa,7d compressive strength of 43.64MPa,28d compressive strength of 55.80MPa, and chloride ion permeability coefficient of 7.8 × 10-13m2/s。
Example 3
The composite material for the outdoor table tennis table comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 110 parts of cement, 65 parts of river sand, 0.8 part of redispersible latex powder, 0.6 part of polypropylene fiber, 8 parts of fly ash, 6 parts of bagasse ash, 0.8 part of lignocellulose, 0.4 part of polycarboxylic acid reducer, 3 parts of metakaolin-loaded zirconium dioxide, 48 parts of water, 10 parts of epoxy resin, 2 parts of curing agent, 0.24 part of defoaming agent, 0.16 part of dispersing agent, 0.60 part of fumed silica and 2.5 parts of microcapsule.
The metakaolin loaded zirconium dioxide is prepared by the following steps:
(1) adding metakaolin powder into a sodium hydroxide solution, heating and stirring for reaction for 3 hours at the reaction temperature of 80 ℃, and filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain modified metakaolin;
(2) dissolving zirconium oxychloride in deionized water to prepare a 1mol/L zirconium oxychloride aqueous solution, adding modified metakaolin into the zirconium oxychloride aqueous solution, wherein the mass ratio of the zirconium oxychloride to the modified metakaolin is 1:16, reacting at 40 ℃ for 0.5h, keeping the pH value of the solution at 8.0-9.0 during the reaction, performing centrifugal separation after the reaction to obtain a solid, and calcining at 800 ℃ for 2h to obtain the metakaolin loaded zirconium dioxide.
The microcapsule is prepared by taking N-carboxyethyl chitosan and sulfadiazine as core materials and Arabic gum and gelatin as wall materials through a complex coacervation method, wherein the mass ratio of the core materials to the wall materials is 1:3, the mass ratio of the N-carboxyethyl chitosan in the core materials is 65%, and the mass ratio of the gelatin in the wall materials is 70%.
The composite material prepared in this example was subjected to a performance test, and the result was: 7d flexural strength of 7.22MPa,28d flexural strength of 9.04MPa,7d compressive strength of 42.55MPa,28d compressive strength of 54.86MPa, and chloride ion permeability coefficient of 8.1 × 10-13m2/s。
The above description is only an embodiment utilizing the technical content of the present disclosure, and any modification and variation made by those skilled in the art can be covered by the claims of the present disclosure, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed.
Claims (10)
1. The composite material for the outdoor table tennis table is characterized in that: the feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 90-110 parts of cement, 55-65 parts of river sand, 0.5-0.8 part of redispersible latex powder, 0.3-0.6 part of polypropylene fiber, 4-8 parts of fly ash, 3-6 parts of bagasse ash, 0.3-0.8 part of lignocellulose, 0.2-0.4 part of reducer, 1-3 parts of metakaolin-loaded zirconium dioxide, 36-48 parts of water, 5-10 parts of epoxy resin, 1-2 parts of curing agent and 0.4-1 part of auxiliary agent.
2. The composite material for outdoor table tennis tables according to claim 1, wherein: the auxiliary agent comprises, by mass, 15-24% of a defoaming agent, 15-24% of a dispersing agent and 56-70% of fumed silica.
3. The composite material for outdoor table tennis tables according to claim 1, wherein: the metakaolin loaded zirconium dioxide is prepared by the following steps:
(1) adding metakaolin powder into a sodium hydroxide solution, heating and stirring for reaction, and filtering, washing and drying after the reaction is finished to obtain modified metakaolin;
(2) dissolving zirconium oxychloride in deionized water to prepare a zirconium oxychloride aqueous solution, adding the modified metakaolin into the zirconium oxychloride aqueous solution, reacting at the temperature of 20-40 ℃ for 0.5-2 h, keeping the pH value of the solution at 8.0-9.0 in the reaction process, carrying out solid-liquid separation after the reaction is finished to obtain a solid, and then carrying out calcination treatment to obtain the metakaolin loaded zirconium dioxide.
4. The composite material for outdoor table tennis tables according to claim 3, wherein: the reaction temperature of the step (1) is 66-80 ℃, and the reaction time is 3-5 h.
5. The composite material for outdoor table tennis tables according to claim 3, wherein: in the step (2), the mass ratio of the zirconium oxychloride to the modified metakaolin is 1: 8-1: 16.
6. The composite material for outdoor table tennis tables according to claim 3, wherein: in the step (2), the calcining temperature is 650-800 ℃, and the calcining time is 2-4 h.
7. The composite material for outdoor table tennis tables according to claim 3, wherein: and (3) performing solid-liquid separation in the step (2) by adopting a centrifugal separation or suction filtration washing method.
8. The composite material for outdoor table tennis tables according to claim 1, wherein: the composite material further comprises 1.5-2.5 parts of microcapsules, wherein the microcapsules are prepared by taking N-carboxyethyl chitosan and sulfadiazine as core materials and taking Arabic gum and gelatin as wall materials through a complex coacervation method.
9. The composite material for outdoor table tennis tables according to claim 8, wherein: the mass ratio of the core material to the wall material is 1: 1-1: 3.
10. The composite material for outdoor table tennis tables according to claim 8, wherein: the mass ratio of the N-carboxyethyl chitosan in the core material is 35-65%, and the mass ratio of the gelatin in the wall material is 50-70%.
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