CN114453591A - Metal surface self-lubricating composite coating and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Metal surface self-lubricating composite coating and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114453591A CN114453591A CN202210054239.1A CN202210054239A CN114453591A CN 114453591 A CN114453591 A CN 114453591A CN 202210054239 A CN202210054239 A CN 202210054239A CN 114453591 A CN114453591 A CN 114453591A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
- B22F7/04—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C43/18—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. compression moulding around inserts or for coating articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
- B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
- B22F7/04—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
- B22F2007/042—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal characterised by the layer forming method
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of surface modification, and particularly provides a metal surface self-lubricating composite coating as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The method adopts a 3D printing technology to prepare the metal coating with the porous structure on the surface of the metal substrate; spreading polytetrafluoroethylene powder on the surface of the coating; and pressing the spread polytetrafluoroethylene powder into the porous structure of the metal coating by a hot pressing process, and cooling to obtain the self-lubricating composite coating with excellent tribological properties in various environments. The invention integrates the advantages of two technologies of surface texture and surface coating, and realizes effective lubrication in various environments such as atmosphere, deionized water, seawater, acidic corrosive medium and the like. The invention is simple and reliable, has strong operability, and the obtained composite coating has low friction factor and high abrasion resistance, effectively prolongs the service life of the metal base material and saves energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surface modification, in particular to a metal surface self-lubricating composite coating and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the emergence of advanced surface engineering equipment for preparing novel coatings on metal substrates, various high-performance functional coating materials are provided, the metal surfaces are well protected under the friction working condition environment, the tribological performance of the metal surfaces is improved, and the efficiency of moving parts is improved. The surface texture and the surface coating are used as the most common means and are widely applied to antifriction and wear-resistant protection of metal substrates. However, there are significant drawbacks to either single surface texturing or surface coating techniques. Under high loading, the surface texture can be worn through rapidly; under the corrosion environment, the coating is easy to peel off prematurely under the double actions of friction and corrosion, so that the long-term protective performance of the base material is lost. The combination of the surface texture and the surface coating technology is an effective way for improving the wear resistance and the antifriction performance of the metal base material under severe working conditions. Currently there are two main approaches to combining surface texture with surface coating technology: one is to texture the surface of the substrate and then deposit a coating; another is to texture the coating itself. The two methods both adopt a material reduction mode, which not only causes the waste of material resources, but also makes the preparation process too complex.
The invention discloses a novel method for preparing a self-lubricating composite coating on the surface of a metal substrate by creatively utilizing an additive manufacturing process as a coating preparation means and combining a traditional hot-press forming process. The idea of the scheme of the invention is that a coating with a certain porous morphology (such as diamond, triangle, circle and the like) is firstly prepared on the surface of a metal base material by using an additive manufacturing process, and then polytetrafluoroethylene powder is spread on the coating and is pressed at high temperature to obtain the composite coating. The coating integrates the advantages of a surface texture and a solid lubricating coating, exerts the synergistic effect of the surface texture and the solid lubricating coating, and realizes the functions of friction reduction and wear resistance in various environments.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at the problems in the prior art, and the primary object of the invention is to provide a preparation method of a metal surface self-lubricating composite coating.
The invention also aims to provide the metal surface self-lubricating composite coating prepared by the method.
The invention also aims to provide the application of the self-lubricating composite coating on the metal surface in the aspects of friction reduction and wear resistance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a metal surface self-lubricating composite coating comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing a metal coating with a porous structure on a metal substrate by adopting a 3D printing technology;
s2: spreading polytetrafluoroethylene powder on the surface of the coating;
s3: and carrying out hot-pressing treatment on the coating spread with the polytetrafluoroethylene powder by a hot-pressing forming process to obtain the self-lubricating composite coating.
The metal base material in step S1 may be any one of titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, stainless steel, high temperature alloy, and the like.
The 3D printing technique of step S1 is any one of processes such as direct metal laser sintering, selective laser melting, electron beam melting, laser metal direct deposition, and the like.
The metal coating in the step S1 may be any one of stainless steel, high temperature alloy, aluminum alloy, die steel, titanium alloy, cobalt-chromium alloy, and the like;
the thickness of the coating in the step S1 is 30-200 μm.
The porous shape in step S1 may be any one of triangular, rectangular, diamond-shaped, hexagonal, spherical, etc. The pore diameter of the porous structure is 50-1000 mu m.
The texture density of the coating obtained in the step S1 is 40-65%, and preferably 50-60%.
The thickness of the polytetrafluoroethylene powder in step S2 is 0.5-6 mm, preferably 1-4 mm.
The hot press molding process parameters in the step S3 are temperature: 350-380 ℃, pressure: 2-10 Mpa, heat preservation time: 0.5-3 h.
The metal surface self-lubricating composite coating is prepared by the method.
The metal surface self-lubricating composite coating is applied to friction reduction and wear resistance.
Preferably, the friction-reducing and wear-resisting coating is especially applied to friction reduction and wear resistance in various environments such as seawater, deionized water, acidic solution, alkaline solution, atmospheric environment and the like.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) by using the additive manufacturing process, the coating with certain texture morphology is directly prepared on the surface of the metal substrate, so that raw materials are saved, the preparation process is simplified, and the time is shortened.
(2) The polytetrafluoroethylene is added into the pores of the coating by utilizing the traditional hot pressing process, and the formed composite coating combines the advantages of the surface texture and the surface coating, thereby realizing effective antifriction and wear resistance in various environments such as seawater, deionized water, acidic solution, alkaline solution, atmospheric environment and the like.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a two-dimensional graph (c) of a macroscopic photograph (a), a scanning electron microscope photograph (b) and a coating of a titanium alloy coating with a hexagonal structure prepared on a titanium alloy substrate according to example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) picture of a self-lubricating composite Coating (CP) obtained in example 1 of the present invention after polytetrafluoroethylene is pressed into a titanium alloy coating having a hexagonal structure.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, but is not limited to the scope of the present invention. The room temperature and the unspecified temperature are both 20-35 ℃. In the examples, the titanium alloy substrate was Ti6Al4V and PTFE was purchased from Sanai Fuji, Shanghai.
Example 1:
1) a layer of titanium alloy coating with a hexagonal structure is prepared on the surface of a titanium alloy base material by adopting a selective laser melting technology, the aperture is 450 mu m, the texture density of the coating is 55%, and the thickness of the coating is 150 mu m.
2) And (3) flatly paving polytetrafluoroethylene powder on the surface of the coating prepared in the step (1), wherein the powder coverage thickness is 2 mm.
3) The sample with the teflon powder coating was placed in a hot press. Heating to 360 deg.C at 2 deg.C/min, and maintaining for 1 h. The pressure is kept at 5MPa all the time in the whole process.
4) And naturally cooling the sample obtained in the step 3) to room temperature to obtain the self-lubricating coating.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the titanium alloy coating obtained by step 1) of the example of the present invention has a hexagonal structure, and the thickness of the coating is about 150 μm. The scanning electron micrograph of fig. 2 shows that the ptfe in the composite coating was successfully pressed into the pores of the coating.
Example 2:
1) a stainless steel coating with a hexagonal structure is prepared on the surface of a titanium alloy substrate by adopting a selective laser melting technology, the aperture is 450 mu m, the texture density of the coating is 55%, and the thickness of the coating is 150 mu m.
2) And (3) flatly paving polytetrafluoroethylene powder on the surface of the coating prepared in the step (1), wherein the powder coverage thickness is 2 mm.
3) The sample with the teflon powder coating was placed in a hot press. Heating to 360 deg.C at 2 deg.C/min, and maintaining for 1 h. The pressure is kept at 5MPa all the time in the whole process.
4) And naturally cooling the sample obtained in the step 3) to room temperature to obtain the self-lubricating coating.
The photomicrograph and sem images of example 2 are similar to example 1.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that no treatment was performed on the titanium alloy (TC 4).
Comparative example 2
This comparative example is different from example 1 in that only step 1) was performed to obtain a titanium alloy coating layer (C-TC4) having a hexagonal structure.
Comparative example 3
This comparison differs from example 1 in that step 1) is not carried out to obtain a pure polytetrafluoroethylene sample (PTFE).
Performance characterization
The tribological performance characterization of the self-lubricating coating prepared in example 1 and the titanium alloy base material is carried out by adopting a Retc multifunctional friction wear tester under the conditions of atmosphere, deionized water, seawater and an acidic medium (0.1M hydrochloric acid solution), and the characterization conditions are as follows: mode (2): the ball disk type, the dual ball is a zirconia ball with the diameter of 5mm, the speed is 9Hz, the friction time is 40 minutes, the room temperature, the air humidity is 65 +/-10 percent, and the load is 10N. The results are shown in tables 1 to 4.
TABLE 1 titanium alloy substrate prepared in comparative example 1, titanium alloy coating having hexagonal structure prepared in comparative example 2, pure polytetrafluoroethylene sample prepared in comparative example 3, and titanium alloy/polytetrafluoroethylene composite coating prepared in example 1 have friction coefficient and wear quality under atmospheric environment
TABLE 2 titanium alloy substrate prepared in comparative example 1, titanium alloy coating having hexagonal structure prepared in comparative example 2, pure polytetrafluoroethylene sample prepared in comparative example 3, and titanium alloy/polytetrafluoroethylene composite coating prepared in example 1 have friction coefficient and wear quality in deionized water environment
TABLE 3 Friction coefficient and wear quality of the titanium alloy substrate prepared in comparative example 1, the titanium alloy coating having a hexagonal structure prepared in comparative example 2, the pure polytetrafluoroethylene sample prepared in comparative example 3, and the titanium alloy/polytetrafluoroethylene composite coating prepared in example 1 in a seawater-removed environment
TABLE 4 titanium alloy substrate prepared in comparative example 1, titanium alloy coating having hexagonal structure prepared in comparative example 2, pure polytetrafluoroethylene sample prepared in comparative example 3, and titanium alloy/polytetrafluoroethylene composite coating prepared in example 1 have friction coefficient and wear quality under 0.1M hydrochloric acid environment
The lubricating property (friction coefficient) and wear resistance (wear rate) data of a plurality of groups of samples under various environments are shown in tables 1, 2, 3 and 4, and it can be seen that the composite coating prepared by the invention not only has the lubricating property similar to that of pure PTFE under various environments, but also has the wear resistance with almost no mass loss.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a metal surface self-lubricating composite coating is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: preparing a metal coating with a porous structure on a metal substrate by adopting a 3D printing technology;
s2: spreading polytetrafluoroethylene powder on the surface of the coating;
s3: and carrying out hot-pressing treatment on the coating spread with the polytetrafluoroethylene powder by a hot-pressing forming process to obtain the self-lubricating composite coating.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the metal substrate of step S1 is any one of titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, stainless steel and high temperature alloy.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the 3D printing technique of step S1 is any one of direct metal laser sintering, selective laser melting, electron beam melting, laser metal direct deposition;
the metal coating in the step S1 is any one of stainless steel, high-temperature alloy, aluminum alloy, die steel, titanium alloy, and cobalt-chromium alloy.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the coating thickness of step S1 is 30-200 μm;
the texture density of the coating in the step S1 is 40-65%.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the porous morphology of step S1 is any one of triangular, rectangular, diamond-shaped, hexagonal and spherical; the pore diameter of the porous structure is 50-1000 mu m.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the polytetrafluoroethylene powder of step S2 has a thickness of 0.5 to 6 mm.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the hot press forming parameters of step S3 are temperature: 350-380 ℃, pressure: 2-10 Mpa, heat preservation time: 0.5-3 h.
8. A method for preparing a self-lubricating coating on a metal surface, which is obtained by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The application of the preparation method of the metal surface self-lubricating composite coating according to claim 8 in friction reduction and wear resistance.
10. The metal surface self-lubricating composite coating according to claim 8 is applied to friction reduction and wear resistance in seawater, deionized water, acidic solution, alkaline solution and atmospheric environment.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210054239.1A CN114453591A (en) | 2022-01-18 | 2022-01-18 | Metal surface self-lubricating composite coating and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN202210054239.1A CN114453591A (en) | 2022-01-18 | 2022-01-18 | Metal surface self-lubricating composite coating and preparation method and application thereof |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103322047A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-09-25 | 江苏大学 | Laser micro-texturing self-lubricating treatment method for friction pairs |
| CN104480511A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-04-01 | 南京理工大学 | Composite wear-resistant antifriction coating on titanium alloy surface and preparation method thereof |
| US20160199909A1 (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2016-07-14 | Zhejiang Changsheng Sliding Bearings Co., Ltd. | Metal matrix self-lubricating composite and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN106853560A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-06-16 | 上海工程技术大学 | The method that cold implantation based on laser texturing prepares metal-based self-lubricating coating |
| CN107931605A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-04-20 | 太原理工大学 | 3D printing production method for the micro- texture of surface of friction pair |
| CN109338287A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2019-02-15 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of texturing Ta/Ag wide warm area self-lubricating coat in use and preparation method thereof |
| CN111390166A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-07-10 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | High-entropy alloy-based self-lubricating composite material with imitated lattice structure and containing solid lubricant |
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2022
- 2022-01-18 CN CN202210054239.1A patent/CN114453591A/en active Pending
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| US20160199909A1 (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2016-07-14 | Zhejiang Changsheng Sliding Bearings Co., Ltd. | Metal matrix self-lubricating composite and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN103322047A (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2013-09-25 | 江苏大学 | Laser micro-texturing self-lubricating treatment method for friction pairs |
| CN104480511A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-04-01 | 南京理工大学 | Composite wear-resistant antifriction coating on titanium alloy surface and preparation method thereof |
| CN106853560A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-06-16 | 上海工程技术大学 | The method that cold implantation based on laser texturing prepares metal-based self-lubricating coating |
| CN107931605A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-04-20 | 太原理工大学 | 3D printing production method for the micro- texture of surface of friction pair |
| CN109338287A (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2019-02-15 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of texturing Ta/Ag wide warm area self-lubricating coat in use and preparation method thereof |
| CN111390166A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-07-10 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | High-entropy alloy-based self-lubricating composite material with imitated lattice structure and containing solid lubricant |
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