CN114449413B - Method, device, equipment and storage medium for controlling loudness of audio signal - Google Patents
Method, device, equipment and storage medium for controlling loudness of audio signal Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2430/00—Signal processing covered by H04R, not provided for in its groups
- H04R2430/01—Aspects of volume control, not necessarily automatic, in sound systems
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a loudness control method, device and equipment for audio signals and a storage medium. The application is applied to the technical field of audio editing, and comprises the following steps: acquiring an original audio signal, and acquiring an audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal according to a preset level value; obtaining a loudness gain curve according to the audio loudness value, a preset loudness threshold value and a preset knee threshold value; carrying out smoothing treatment on the loudness gain curve according to a preset sampling value and a preset delay time to obtain a smoothed loudness gain curve; obtaining a target smooth loudness gain curve according to the smooth loudness gain curve, preset release time and preset initial value of the smooth loudness gain; determining a target output gain compensation value according to the target smooth loudness gain curve, a preset gain output compensation value and a preset compression ratio; and controlling the loudness of the original audio signal according to the target output gain compensation value. The embodiment of the application can improve the tone quality of the audio signal.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of audio editing, in particular to a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for controlling loudness of an audio signal.
Background
The limiter is widely used, for example, in large audio editing software (Adobe audio, audioDirector), because the limiter can ensure that the place with the excessively large audio loudness is limited, so that the highest audio loudness is in a reasonable range, and does not generate pop noise or unacceptable noise.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method, a device, equipment and a storage medium for controlling the loudness of an audio signal, which aim to solve the problems that noise occurs in the existing audio signal and the loudness of the audio exceeds a preset loudness threshold value.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling loudness of an audio signal, including:
Acquiring an original audio signal, and obtaining an audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal through a preset audio formula according to a preset level value;
obtaining a loudness gain curve through a loudness calculation formula according to the audio loudness value, a preset loudness threshold value and a preset knee threshold value;
dividing the loudness gain curve into blocks according to preset sampling values, searching a gain minimum value in the loudness gain curve of each block, and smoothing the loudness gain curve according to the gain minimum value and preset delay time to obtain a smooth loudness gain curve;
obtaining a target smooth loudness gain curve through a smooth gain method according to the smooth loudness gain curve, preset release time and preset smooth loudness gain initial value;
determining a target output gain compensation value through an output gain compensation method according to the target smooth loudness gain curve, a preset gain output compensation value and a preset compression ratio;
and controlling the loudness of the original audio signal according to the target output gain compensation value.
Further, an original audio signal is obtained, and the original audio signal is processed through an audio conversion formula according to a preset level value; and calculating the processed original audio signal through an audio loudness formula to obtain an audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal.
Further, a target audio loudness value is obtained through a loudness calculation formula according to the audio loudness value, a preset loudness threshold value and a preset knee threshold value; and calculating the difference between the audio loudness value and the target audio loudness value to obtain a loudness gain curve.
Further, shifting the gain minimum in the loudness gain curve by a preset delay time; and smoothing the loudness gain curve after shifting the gain minimum value through a first-order exponential smoothing algorithm to obtain a smoothed loudness gain curve.
Further, setting initial values of the first comparison parameter and the second comparison parameter as a first preset value and a second preset value respectively, and setting initial values of the target smooth loudness gain values corresponding to the second comparison parameter as preset smooth loudness gain initial values; comparing a smooth loudness gain value in the smooth loudness gain curve corresponding to the first comparison parameter with a target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter; if the smooth loudness gain value is not greater than the target smooth loudness gain value, adding 1 to the second comparison parameter, and taking the smooth loudness gain value as a target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter; if the smooth loudness gain value is larger than the preset smooth loudness gain initial value, adding 1 to the second comparison parameter, and determining a target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter according to a smooth gain formula according to a preset release time; and adding 1 to the first comparison parameter, and returning to perform the step of comparing the smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the first comparison parameter with the target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter in the smooth loudness gain curve until the first comparison parameter reaches a preset first comparison ending value and the second comparison parameter reaches a preset second comparison ending value so as to obtain the target smooth loudness gain curve.
Further, calculating the sum of each target smooth loudness gain value in the target smooth loudness gain curve and a preset gain output compensation value in sequence to obtain a loudness gain compensation value; if the loudness gain compensation value is smaller than a preset compensation value, taking the loudness gain compensation value as a target output gain compensation value; and if the loudness gain compensation value is not smaller than a preset compensation value, determining the target output gain compensation value according to the target smooth loudness gain value, the preset gain output compensation value and the preset compression ratio through a gain output compensation formula.
Further, performing linear conversion on the target output gain compensation value; multiplying the original audio signal by the linearly converted target output gain compensation value to control the loudness of the original audio signal.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a loudness control device for an audio signal, including:
the first computing unit is used for acquiring an original audio signal and obtaining an audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal through a preset audio formula according to a preset level value;
the second calculation unit is used for obtaining a loudness gain curve through a loudness calculation formula according to the audio loudness value, the preset loudness threshold value and the preset knee threshold value;
The smooth processing unit is used for partitioning the loudness gain curve according to preset sampling values, searching a gain minimum value in the loudness gain curve of each partition, and performing smooth processing on the loudness gain curve according to the gain minimum value and preset delay time to obtain a smooth loudness gain curve;
the third calculation unit is used for obtaining a target smooth loudness gain curve through a smooth gain method according to the smooth loudness gain curve, the preset release time and the preset smooth loudness gain initial value;
a fourth calculation unit, configured to determine a target output gain compensation value according to the target smooth loudness gain curve, a preset gain output compensation value, and a preset compression ratio by using an output gain compensation method;
and the control unit is used for controlling the loudness of the original audio signal according to the target output gain compensation value.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the method when executing the computer program.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the above method.
The embodiment of the invention provides a loudness control method, device and equipment for audio signals and a storage medium. Wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring an original audio signal, and obtaining an audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal through a preset audio formula according to a preset level value; obtaining a loudness gain curve through a loudness calculation formula according to the audio loudness value, a preset loudness threshold value and a preset knee threshold value; dividing the loudness gain curve into blocks according to preset sampling values, searching a gain minimum value in the loudness gain curve of each block, and smoothing the loudness gain curve according to the gain minimum value and preset delay time to obtain a smooth loudness gain curve; obtaining a target smooth loudness gain curve through a smooth gain method according to the smooth loudness gain curve, preset release time and preset smooth loudness gain initial value; determining a target output gain compensation value through an output gain compensation method according to the target smooth loudness gain curve, a preset gain output compensation value and a preset compression ratio; and controlling the loudness of the original audio signal according to the target output gain compensation value. According to the technical scheme, the target smooth loudness gain curve is obtained through a smooth gain method according to the smooth loudness gain curve, the preset release time and the preset smooth loudness gain initial value, the target smooth loudness gain curve does not need to be calculated according to attack time, and the problem that noise occurs in an audio signal when the attack time is set to 0 is avoided; and determining the target output gain compensation value through an output gain compensation method according to the target smooth loudness gain curve, the preset gain output compensation value and the preset compression ratio, so that the audio loudness is controlled within a preset audio loudness threshold value, the distortion of the audio signal can be reduced, and the tone quality of the audio signal is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for controlling loudness of an audio signal according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for controlling loudness of an audio signal according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be understood that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in the present specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations.
As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "if" may be interpreted as "when..once" or "in response to a determination" or "in response to detection" depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase "if a determination" or "if a [ described condition or event ] is detected" may be interpreted in the context of meaning "upon determination" or "in response to determination" or "upon detection of a [ described condition or event ]" or "in response to detection of a [ described condition or event ]".
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for controlling loudness of an audio signal according to an embodiment of the present invention. The loudness control method of the audio signal can be applied to intelligent terminal equipment such as a smart phone, a portable computer, a desktop computer, a notebook computer and the like, and the loudness control method of the audio signal is realized through software installed on the terminal such as an application program named audio editing software, so that the distortion of the audio signal is reduced, and the tone quality of the audio signal is improved. The method for loudness control of the audio signal is described in detail below. As shown in fig. 1, the method includes the following steps S100 to S150.
S100, acquiring an original audio signal, and obtaining an audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal through a preset audio formula according to a preset level value.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the user edits the audio to be edited into the master tape in the audio editing software, the audio editing software obtains the original audio signal in the audio to carry out loudness control, specifically, the audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal is obtained through a preset audio formula according to the preset level value, wherein the preset audio formula comprises an audio conversion formula and an audio loudness formula. In practical application, the original audio signal is processed according to a preset level value through an audio conversion formula, wherein the audio conversion formula is level data=max (abs), data is the original audio signal, abs (data) is the absolute value of solving the original audio signal, eps is the preset level value, and eps can be set to 2 in practical application -52 The leveldata is the processed original audio signal, and understandably, the audio signal smaller than the preset level value can be stored as the original audio signal through an audio conversion formula, so that the control of the audio signal can be realized to a certain extent; then the processed original audio signal is calculated by an audio loudness formula to obtain an audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal,wherein the audio loudness formula is X db =20×log10 (leveldata), where X db Is the audio loudness value.
S110, obtaining a loudness gain curve through a loudness calculation formula according to the audio loudness value, the preset loudness threshold value and the preset knee threshold value.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal is obtained through the audio conversion formula and the audio loudness formula according to the preset level value, a target audio loudness value is obtained through the loudness calculation formula according to the audio loudness value, a preset loudness threshold value and a preset knee threshold value, wherein the loudness calculation formula is shown as a formula (1), and in the formula (1), T and W are respectively the preset loudness threshold value and the preset knee threshold value, it is to be noted that in the embodiment of the invention, the preset loudness threshold value is the maximum loudness gain value for controlling the loudness gain curve, and the preset knee threshold value represents the smoothness of the loudness gain curve when the preset loudness threshold value; after calculating the target audio loudness value, calculating a difference between the audio loudness value and the target audio loudness value to obtain a loudness gain curve g c G is the c ＝X db -X sc 。
S120, partitioning the loudness gain curve according to preset sampling values, searching a gain minimum value in the loudness gain curve of each partition, and smoothing the loudness gain curve according to the gain minimum value and preset delay time to obtain a smooth loudness gain curve.
In the embodiment of the invention, after a loudness gain curve is obtained through a loudness calculation formula, firstly, the loudness gain curve is segmented according to preset sampling values, wherein the preset sampling values are inverse of sampling time, in the embodiment, the preset sampling values are 44100, gain minimum values are searched in the loudness gain curve of each segment, after the gain minimum values are searched, smoothing processing is performed on the loudness gain curve according to the gain minimum values and preset delay time to obtain a smooth loudness gain curve, wherein in the embodiment, the preset delay time can be set to be 5ms, and it is required to be noted that in practical application, the sampling time should be greater than the preset delay time. Specifically, firstly shifting the gain minimum value in the loudness gain curve by a preset time delay time; and then, smoothing the loudness gain curve after shifting the gain minimum value by a first-order exponential smoothing algorithm to obtain a smoothed loudness gain curve. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the loudness gain curve after the gain minimum after the translation may also be smoothed by an exponential smoothing algorithm of other orders, for example, a second-order exponential smoothing algorithm.
And S130, obtaining a target smooth loudness gain curve through a smooth gain method according to the smooth loudness gain curve, the preset release time and the preset smooth loudness gain initial value.
In the embodiment of the invention, after the loudness gain curve is smoothed according to the gain minimum value and the preset delay time to obtain a smoothed loudness gain curve, a target smoothed loudness gain curve is obtained by a smoothing gain method according to the smoothed loudness gain curve, the preset release time and the preset smoothed loudness gain initial value, wherein the preset release time is the time corresponding to each rising segment in the smoothed loudness gain curve, and understandably, the rising segments and the falling segments in the smoothed loudness gain curve are respectively a release segment and an attack segment. Specifically, the initial values of the first comparison parameter and the second comparison parameter are respectively set to a first preset value and a second preset value, and the initial value of the target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter is set to a preset smooth loudness gain initial value, wherein the first preset value and the second preset value are respectively 1 and 0, the preset smooth loudness gain initial value is 0db, and it should be noted that in practical application, the first comparison parameter is assumed to be n, and the second comparison parameter is assumed to be m, then m=n-1; comparing the smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the first comparison parameter with the target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter in the smooth loudness gain curve, i.e. if the target smooth loudness gain value is assumed to be g s [n]Will g c [1]And g is equal to s [0]Comparing; if the smooth loudness gain value g c [1]Not greater than the target smooth loudness gain value g s [0]Then the second comparison parameter is added with 1, and the smooth loudness gain value is taken as a target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter, namely g s [1]＝g c [1]The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Conversely, if the first smooth loudness gain value g c [1]Is greater than the preset initial value g of the smooth loudness gain s [0]Adding 1 to the second comparison parameter, and determining a target smooth loudness gain value g corresponding to the second comparison parameter according to a smooth gain formula according to a preset release time s [1]Wherein the smooth gain formula is alpha R g s [n-1]-sprt((1-α R )*g c [n]2) At this time, n in the formula is 1; the step of adding 1 to the first comparison parameter and performing comparison between the smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the first comparison parameter and the target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter in the smooth loudness gain curve is performed until the first comparison parameter reaches a preset first comparison end value and the second comparison parameter reaches a preset second comparison end value to obtain the target smooth loudness gain curve, and it should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, the second comparison end value is smaller than the first comparison end value by 1, the first comparison end value is the number of sampling points of the self-set audio signal, for example, if 1s corresponds to 44100 sampling points, the audio playing time is 10s, 44100×10 sampling points are set, and the first comparison end value is 44100×10, that is, the first comparison end value is determined by the sampling points and the audio playing time. Understandably, the target smooth loudness gain curve is as shown in equation (2):
In the formula (2) of the present invention,fs and T R The sampling rate and the preset release time of the audio signal are respectively set.
In the embodiment of the invention, the problem that noise occurs in the audio signal when the attack time is set to 0 is avoided because the target smooth loudness gain curve is not required to be calculated according to the attack time, so that the distortion of the audio signal can be reduced, and the tone quality of the audio signal can be improved.
And S140, determining a target output gain compensation value through an output gain compensation method according to the target smooth loudness gain curve, a preset gain output compensation value and a preset compression ratio.
In the embodiment of the invention, after a target smooth loudness gain curve is obtained by a smooth gain method, the sum of each target smooth loudness gain value in the target smooth loudness gain curve and a preset gain output compensation value is sequentially calculated to obtain a loudness gain compensation value; if the loudness gain compensation value is smaller than the preset compensation value, which indicates that the preset audio loudness threshold of the audio signal is within the preset audio loudness value, the loudness gain compensation value is taken as the target output gain compensation value without compressing the gain compensation, and it is understood that in practical application, the preset compensation value is 0db, and the preset audio loudness value is [ -1,1 ]Assuming that the preset gain output compensation value is OutputGain, the target output gain compensation value g m [n]＝g S [n]+OutputGain; if the loudness gain compensation value is not less than the preset compensation value, indicating that the preset audio loudness threshold of the audio signal is not within the preset audio loudness value, and the gain compensation is not needed to be compressed, determining the target output gain compensation value according to the target smooth loudness gain value, the preset gain output compensation value and the preset compression ratio through a gain output compensation formula, wherein the gain output compensation formula (3) is as follows, and the gain output compensation formula (3) is as followsR is a preset compression ratio.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the output gain compensation method may perform gain compensation compression on the audio signal that is not within the preset audio loudness value, so that the audio loudness is controlled within the preset audio loudness threshold, which may reduce distortion of the audio signal and improve the sound quality of the audio signal.
S150, controlling the loudness of the original audio signal according to the target output gain compensation value.
In an embodiment of the present invention, after determining a target output gain compensation value by an output gain compensation method, performing linear conversion on the target output gain compensation value by a gain linear conversion formula, where the linear conversion formula is that Wherein g m G is g m [n]Any one of the target output gain compensation values g lim Outputting a gain compensation value for any target after linear conversion; multiplying the original audio signal by the linearly converted target output gain compensation value to control the loudness of the original audio signal.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 200 for controlling the loudness of an audio signal according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the present invention also provides a loudness control device 200 for an audio signal, corresponding to the above method for controlling loudness of an audio signal. The loudness control device 200 of the audio signal, which may be configured in a terminal, comprises means for performing the loudness control method of the audio signal described above. Specifically, referring to fig. 2, the loudness control device 200 of the audio signal includes a first computing unit 201, a second computing unit 202, a smoothing processing unit 203, a third computing unit 204, a fourth computing unit 205, and a control unit 206.
The first computing unit 201 is configured to obtain an original audio signal, and obtain an audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal according to a preset level value through a preset audio formula;
The second calculating unit 202 is configured to obtain a loudness gain curve according to the loudness value of the audio, the preset loudness threshold value, and the preset knee threshold value through a loudness calculation formula; the smoothing processing unit 203 is configured to segment the loudness gain curve according to a preset sampling value, search a gain minimum value in the loudness gain curve of each segment, and smooth the loudness gain curve according to the gain minimum value and a preset delay time to obtain a smooth loudness gain curve; the third calculation unit 204 is configured to obtain a target smooth loudness gain curve according to the smooth loudness gain curve, a preset release time, and a preset initial value of the smooth loudness gain by a smooth gain method; the fourth calculating unit 205 is configured to determine a target output gain compensation value according to the target smooth loudness gain curve, a preset gain output compensation value, and a preset compression ratio by an output gain compensation method; the control unit 206 is configured to control the loudness of the original audio signal according to the target output gain compensation value.
In some embodiments, for example, in the present embodiment, the first computing unit 201 includes a first computing subunit 2011 and a second computing subunit 2012.
The first computing subunit 2011 is configured to obtain an original audio signal, and process the original audio signal according to a preset level value through an audio conversion formula; the second calculating subunit 2012 is configured to calculate the processed original audio signal by using an audio loudness formula to obtain an audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal.
In some embodiments, for example, the second computing unit 202 includes a third computing subunit 2021 and a fourth computing subunit 2022.
The third computing subunit 2021 is configured to obtain a target audio loudness value according to the audio loudness value, a preset loudness threshold value, and a preset knee threshold value through a loudness calculation formula; the fourth computing subunit 2022 is configured to calculate a difference between the audio loudness value and the target audio loudness value to obtain a loudness gain curve.
In some embodiments, for example, the smoothing unit 203 includes a translation unit 2031 and a smoothing subunit 2032.
Wherein the shifting unit 2031 is configured to shift the gain minimum value in the loudness gain curve by a preset delay time; the smoothing subunit 2032 is configured to smooth the loudness gain curve after shifting the gain minimum value by using a first-order exponential smoothing algorithm to obtain a smoothed loudness gain curve.
In some embodiments, for example, in the present embodiment, the third computing unit 204 includes a setting unit 2041, a comparing unit 2042, a fifth computing subunit 2043, a sixth computing subunit 2044, and a return execution unit 2045.
The setting unit 2041 is configured to set initial values of the first comparison parameter and the second comparison parameter to a first preset value and a second preset value, respectively, and set an initial value of a target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter to a preset smooth loudness gain initial value; the comparing unit 2042 is configured to compare a smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the first comparison parameter with a target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter in the smooth loudness gain curve; the fifth calculating subunit 2043 is configured to add 1 to the second comparison parameter if the smooth loudness gain value is not greater than the target smooth loudness gain value, and use the smooth loudness gain value as a target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter; the sixth calculating subunit 2044 is configured to add 1 to the second comparison parameter if the smooth loudness gain value is greater than the preset smooth loudness gain initial value, and determine a target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter according to a smooth gain formula according to a preset release time; the return execution unit 2045 is configured to add 1 to the first comparison parameter, and return to execute a step of comparing a smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the first comparison parameter in the smooth loudness gain curve with a target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter until the first comparison parameter reaches a preset first comparison end value and the second comparison parameter reaches a preset second comparison end value, so as to obtain a target smooth loudness gain curve.
In some embodiments, for example, in the present embodiment, the third computing unit 204 includes a fourth computing unit 205 including a seventh computing unit 2051, a unit 2052, and an eighth computing unit 2053.
The seventh calculating unit 2051 is configured to sequentially calculate a sum of each target smooth loudness gain value in the target smooth loudness gain curve and a preset gain output compensation value to obtain a loudness gain compensation value; the step 2052 is configured to take the loudness gain compensation value as a target output gain compensation value if the loudness gain compensation value is smaller than a preset compensation value; the eighth calculating unit 2053 is configured to determine, if the loudness gain compensation value is not less than a preset compensation value, the target output gain compensation value according to the target smooth loudness gain value, the preset gain output compensation value, and a preset compression ratio by using a gain output compensation formula.
In some embodiments, for example, the control unit 206 includes a linear conversion unit 2061 and a control subunit 2062.
Wherein the linear conversion unit 2061 is configured to perform linear conversion on the target output gain compensation value; the control subunit 2062 is configured to multiply the original audio signal by the target output gain compensation value after linear conversion to control the loudness of the original audio signal.
The specific implementation manner of the device 200 for controlling loudness of an audio signal in the embodiment of the present invention corresponds to the above-mentioned flow verification method, and is not described herein again.
The loudness control means of the audio signals described above may be implemented in the form of a computer program that is executable on a computer device as shown in fig. 3.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present application. The computer device 300 is a terminal, which may be an electronic device with a communication function, such as a smart phone, a desktop computer, a portable computer, a tablet computer, and the like.
Referring to fig. 3, the computer device 300 includes a processor 302, a memory, and a network interface 305 connected by a system bus 301, wherein the memory may include a storage medium 303 and an internal memory 304.
The storage medium 303 may store an operating system 3031 and a computer program 3032. The computer program 3032, when executed, may cause the processor 302 to perform a method of loudness control of an audio signal.
The processor 302 is used to provide computing and control capabilities to support the operation of the overall computer device 300.
The internal memory 304 provides an environment for the execution of a computer program 3032 in the storage medium 303, which computer program 3032, when executed by the processor 302, causes the processor 302 to perform a method for loudness control of an audio signal.
The network interface 305 is used for network communication with other devices. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the structures shown in FIG. 3 are block diagrams only and do not constitute a limitation of the computer device 300 to which the present teachings apply, and that a particular computer device 300 may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components, or have a different arrangement of components.
Wherein the processor 302 is configured to execute a computer program 3032 stored in a memory to implement the following steps: acquiring an original audio signal, and obtaining an audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal through a preset audio formula according to a preset level value; obtaining a loudness gain curve through a loudness calculation formula according to the audio loudness value, a preset loudness threshold value and a preset knee threshold value; dividing the loudness gain curve into blocks according to preset sampling values, searching a gain minimum value in the loudness gain curve of each block, and smoothing the loudness gain curve according to the gain minimum value and preset delay time to obtain a smooth loudness gain curve; obtaining a target smooth loudness gain curve through a smooth gain method according to the smooth loudness gain curve, preset release time and preset smooth loudness gain initial value; determining a target output gain compensation value through an output gain compensation method according to the target smooth loudness gain curve, a preset gain output compensation value and a preset compression ratio; and controlling the loudness of the original audio signal according to the target output gain compensation value.
In some embodiments, for example, in this embodiment, when the step of obtaining the audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal according to the preset level value through the preset audio formula is implemented by the processor 302, the following steps are specifically implemented: acquiring an original audio signal, and processing the original audio signal through an audio conversion formula according to a preset level value; and calculating the processed original audio signal through an audio loudness formula to obtain an audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal.
In some embodiments, for example, in this embodiment, when the step of obtaining the loudness gain curve according to the loudness value of the audio, the preset loudness threshold value, and the preset knee threshold value through the loudness calculation formula is implemented by the processor 302, the following steps are specifically implemented: obtaining a target audio loudness value through a loudness calculation formula according to the audio loudness value, a preset loudness threshold value and a preset knee threshold value; and calculating the difference between the audio loudness value and the target audio loudness value to obtain a loudness gain curve.
In some embodiments, for example, in this embodiment, when the step of smoothing the loudness gain curve according to the gain minimum value and the preset delay time to obtain a smoothed loudness gain curve is implemented by the processor 302, the following steps are specifically implemented: shifting the gain minimum value in the loudness gain curve by a preset delay time; and smoothing the loudness gain curve after shifting the gain minimum value through a first-order exponential smoothing algorithm to obtain a smoothed loudness gain curve.
In some embodiments, for example, in this embodiment, when the step of obtaining the target smooth loudness gain curve according to the smooth loudness gain curve, the preset release time, and the preset smooth loudness gain initial value by using the smooth gain method is implemented by the processor 302, the following steps are specifically implemented: setting initial values of the first comparison parameter and the second comparison parameter as a first preset value and a second preset value respectively, and setting an initial value of a target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter as a preset smooth loudness gain initial value; comparing a smooth loudness gain value in the smooth loudness gain curve corresponding to the first comparison parameter with a target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter; if the smooth loudness gain value is not greater than the target smooth loudness gain value, adding 1 to the second comparison parameter, and taking the smooth loudness gain value as a target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter; if the smooth loudness gain value is larger than the preset smooth loudness gain initial value, adding 1 to the second comparison parameter, and determining a target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter according to a smooth gain formula according to a preset release time; and adding 1 to the first comparison parameter, and returning to perform the step of comparing the smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the first comparison parameter with the target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter in the smooth loudness gain curve until the first comparison parameter reaches a preset first comparison ending value and the second comparison parameter reaches a preset second comparison ending value so as to obtain the target smooth loudness gain curve.
In some embodiments, for example, in this embodiment, when the step of determining the target output gain compensation value according to the target smooth loudness gain curve, the preset gain output compensation value, and the preset compression ratio by the output gain compensation method is implemented by the processor 302, the following steps are specifically implemented: sequentially calculating the sum of each target smooth loudness gain value in the target smooth loudness gain curve and a preset gain output compensation value to obtain a loudness gain compensation value; if the loudness gain compensation value is smaller than a preset compensation value, taking the loudness gain compensation value as a target output gain compensation value; and if the loudness gain compensation value is not smaller than a preset compensation value, determining the target output gain compensation value according to the target smooth loudness gain value, the preset gain output compensation value and the preset compression ratio through a gain output compensation formula.
In some embodiments, for example, the processor 302, when implementing the step of controlling the loudness of the original audio signal according to the target output gain compensation value, specifically implements the following steps: performing linear conversion on the target output gain compensation value; multiplying the original audio signal by the linearly converted target output gain compensation value to control the loudness of the original audio signal.
It should be appreciated that in embodiments of the present application, the processor 302 may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), the processor 302 may also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), off-the-shelf Programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or other Programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or the like. Wherein the general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the flow in a method embodying the above described embodiments may be accomplished by computer programs instructing the relevant hardware. The computer program may be stored in a storage medium that is a computer readable storage medium. The computer program is executed by at least one processor in the computer system to implement the flow steps of the embodiments of the method described above.
Accordingly, the present invention also provides a storage medium. The storage medium may be a computer readable storage medium. The storage medium stores a computer program. The computer program is executed by at least one processor in the computer system to implement the flow steps of an embodiment of the above-described method of loudness control of an audio signal.
The storage medium may be a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various computer-readable storage media that can store program codes.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be embodied in electronic hardware, in computer software, or in a combination of the two, and that the elements and steps of the examples have been generally described in terms of function in the foregoing description to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of each unit is only one logic function division, and there may be another division manner in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed.
The steps in the method of the embodiment of the invention can be sequentially adjusted, combined and deleted according to actual needs. The units in the device of the embodiment of the invention can be combined, divided and deleted according to actual needs. In addition, each functional unit in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit.
The integrated unit may be stored in a storage medium if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention is essentially or a part contributing to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a terminal, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.
In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the embodiments are focused on, and for those portions of one embodiment that are not described in detail, reference may be made to the related descriptions of other embodiments.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
While the invention has been described with reference to certain preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and substitutions of equivalents may be made and equivalents will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method of loudness control of an audio signal, comprising:
acquiring an original audio signal, and obtaining an audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal through a preset audio formula according to a preset level value, wherein the preset audio formula comprises an audio conversion formula and an audio loudness formula, the audio conversion formula is a level data=max (abs, eps), and the audio loudness formula is X db =20log 10 (levldata), wherein data is an original audio signal, abs (data) is an absolute value of the original audio signal, eps is a preset level value, levldata is the processed original audio signal, X db Is an audio loudness value;
obtaining a loudness gain curve according to the audio loudness value, a preset loudness threshold value and a preset knee threshold value through a loudness calculation formula, wherein the preset loudness threshold value is a maximum loudness gain value used for controlling the loudness gain curve; the preset knee threshold characterizes the smoothness of the loudness gain curve at the preset loudness threshold; the loudness calculation formula is as follows:
in the loudness calculation formula, T and W are the preset loudness threshold and the preset knee threshold respectively, X sc Is a target audio loudness value;
dividing the loudness gain curve into blocks according to preset sampling values, searching a gain minimum value in the loudness gain curve of each block, and smoothing the loudness gain curve according to the gain minimum value and preset delay time to obtain a smooth loudness gain curve;
obtaining a target smooth loudness gain curve through a smooth gain method according to the smooth loudness gain curve, preset release time and preset smooth loudness gain initial value;
Determining a target output gain compensation value through an output gain compensation method according to the target smooth loudness gain curve, a preset gain output compensation value and a preset compression ratio;
controlling the loudness of the original audio signal according to the target output gain compensation value;
the obtaining a target smooth loudness gain curve through a smooth gain method according to the smooth loudness gain curve, the preset release time and the preset smooth loudness gain initial value comprises the following steps:
setting initial values of the first comparison parameter and the second comparison parameter as a first preset value and a second preset value respectively, and setting an initial value of a target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter as a preset smooth loudness gain initial value;
comparing a smooth loudness gain value in the smooth loudness gain curve corresponding to the first comparison parameter with a target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter;
if the smooth loudness gain value is not greater than the target smooth loudness gain value, adding 1 to the second comparison parameter, and taking the smooth loudness gain value as a target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter;
If the smooth loudness gain value is greater than the preset smooth loudness gain initial value, adding 1 to the second comparison parameter, and determining a target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter according to a smooth gain formula according to a preset release time, wherein the smooth gain formula is alpha R g s [n-1]-sprt((1-α R )*g c [n]2)，g c G is the loudness gain curve s The loudness gain curve is smoothed for the target, specifically as follows:
wherein,
fs and T R The sampling rate and the preset release time of the audio signal are respectively;
adding 1 to the first comparison parameter, and returning to perform the step of comparing the smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the first comparison parameter with the target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter in the smooth loudness gain curve until the first comparison parameter reaches a preset first comparison ending value and the second comparison parameter reaches a preset second comparison ending value so as to obtain a target smooth loudness gain curve;
wherein the determining the target output gain compensation value according to the target smooth loudness gain curve, the preset gain output compensation value and the preset compression ratio by an output gain compensation method comprises:
Sequentially calculating the sum of each target smooth loudness gain value in the target smooth loudness gain curve and a preset gain output compensation value to obtain a loudness gain compensation value;
if the loudness gain compensation value is smaller than a preset compensation value, taking the loudness gain compensation value as a target output gain compensation value;
if the loudness gain compensation value is not smaller than a preset compensation value, determining the target output gain compensation value according to each target smooth loudness gain value, the preset gain output compensation value and a preset compression ratio through a gain output compensation formula, wherein the gain output compensation formula is as follows:
wherein R is the preset compression ratio, and OutputGain is the preset gain output compensation value.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining the audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal according to a preset audio formula based on a preset level value includes:
acquiring an original audio signal, and processing the original audio signal through the audio conversion formula according to a preset level value;
and calculating the processed original audio signal through the audio loudness formula to obtain an audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining a loudness gain curve from the loudness calculation formula based on the audio loudness value, the preset loudness threshold, and the preset knee threshold comprises:
obtaining a target audio loudness value according to the audio loudness value, a preset loudness threshold value and a preset knee threshold value through the loudness calculation formula;
and calculating the difference between the audio loudness value and the target audio loudness value to obtain a loudness gain curve.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein smoothing the loudness gain curve according to the gain minimum and a preset delay time to obtain a smoothed loudness gain curve comprises:
shifting the gain minimum value in the loudness gain curve by a preset delay time;
and smoothing the loudness gain curve after shifting the gain minimum value through a first-order exponential smoothing algorithm to obtain a smoothed loudness gain curve.
5. The method of loudness control of an audio signal according to claim 1, wherein the controlling the loudness of the original audio signal according to the target output gain compensation value comprises:
Performing linear conversion on the target output gain compensation value;
multiplying the original audio signal by the linearly converted target output gain compensation value to control the loudness of the original audio signal.
6. A loudness control device for an audio signal, comprising:
a first calculation unit, configured to obtain an original audio signal, and obtain an audio loudness value corresponding to the original audio signal according to a preset level value through a preset audio formula, where the preset audio formula includes an audio conversion formula and an audio loudness formula, the audio conversion formula is leveldata=max (abs (data), eps), and the audio loudness formula is X db =20×log10 (leveldata), where data is the original audio signal and abs (data) is the solutionThe absolute value of the original audio signal, eps is a preset level value, leveldata is the processed original audio signal, X db Is an audio loudness value;
the second calculation unit is used for obtaining a loudness gain curve according to the audio loudness value, a preset loudness threshold value and a preset knee threshold value through a loudness calculation formula, wherein the preset loudness threshold value is a maximum loudness gain value used for controlling the loudness gain curve; the preset knee threshold characterizes the smoothness of the loudness gain curve at the preset loudness threshold; the loudness calculation formula is as follows:
In the loudness calculation formula, T and W are the preset loudness threshold and the preset knee threshold respectively, X sc Is a target audio loudness value;
the smooth processing unit is used for partitioning the loudness gain curve according to preset sampling values, searching a gain minimum value in the loudness gain curve of each partition, and performing smooth processing on the loudness gain curve according to the gain minimum value and preset delay time to obtain a smooth loudness gain curve;
the third calculation unit is used for obtaining a target smooth loudness gain curve through a smooth gain method according to the smooth loudness gain curve, the preset release time and the preset smooth loudness gain initial value;
a fourth calculation unit, configured to determine a target output gain compensation value according to the target smooth loudness gain curve, a preset gain output compensation value, and a preset compression ratio by using an output gain compensation method;
the control unit is used for controlling the loudness of the original audio signal according to the target output gain compensation value;
wherein the third computing unit includes:
the setting unit is used for setting initial values of the first comparison parameter and the second comparison parameter as a first preset value and a second preset value respectively, and setting initial values of the target smooth loudness gain values corresponding to the second comparison parameter as preset smooth loudness gain initial values;
A comparison unit, configured to compare a smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the first comparison parameter with a target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter in the smooth loudness gain curve;
a fifth calculating subunit, configured to add 1 to the second comparison parameter if the smooth loudness gain value is not greater than the target smooth loudness gain value, and use the smooth loudness gain value as a target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter;
a sixth calculation subunit, configured to add 1 to the second comparison parameter if the smooth loudness gain value is greater than the preset smooth loudness gain initial value, and determine a target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter according to a smooth gain formula according to a preset release time, where the smooth gain formula is α R g s [n-1]-sprt((1-α R )*g c [n]2)，g c G is the loudness gain curve s The loudness gain curve is smoothed for the target, specifically as follows:
wherein,
fs and T R The sampling rate and the preset release time of the audio signal are respectively;
the return execution unit is configured to add 1 to the first comparison parameter, and return to execute a step of comparing a smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the first comparison parameter in the smooth loudness gain curve with a target smooth loudness gain value corresponding to the second comparison parameter until the first comparison parameter reaches a preset first comparison end value and the second comparison parameter reaches a preset second comparison end value, so as to obtain a target smooth loudness gain curve;
Wherein the fourth calculation unit includes:
a seventh calculation unit, configured to sequentially calculate a sum of each target smooth loudness gain value in the target smooth loudness gain curve and a preset gain output compensation value to obtain a loudness gain compensation value;
the unit is used for taking the loudness gain compensation value as a target output gain compensation value if the loudness gain compensation value is smaller than a preset compensation value;
an eighth calculation unit, configured to determine, if the loudness gain compensation value is not less than a preset compensation value, the target output gain compensation value according to the target smoothed loudness gain value, the preset gain output compensation value, and a preset compression ratio by using a gain output compensation formula, where the gain output compensation formula is:
wherein R is the preset compression ratio, and OutputGain is the preset gain output compensation value.
7. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory having stored thereon a computer program, the processor, when executing the computer program, implementing a method of loudness control of an audio signal according to any one of claims 1-5.
8. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the storage medium stores a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements a method of loudness control of an audio signal according to any one of claims 1-5.
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