CN114449311A - Network video exchange system and method based on high-efficiency video stream forwarding - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
- H04N21/2343—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
- H04N21/234363—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements by altering the spatial resolution, e.g. for clients with a lower screen resolution
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
- H04N21/2343—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
- H04N21/234381—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements by altering the temporal resolution, e.g. decreasing the frame rate by frame skipping
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/266—Channel or content management, e.g. generation and management of keys and entitlement messages in a conditional access system, merging a VOD unicast channel into a multicast channel
- H04N21/2662—Controlling the complexity of the video stream, e.g. by scaling the resolution or bitrate of the video stream based on the client capabilities
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of network video exchange, and provides a network video exchange system and a method based on high-efficiency video stream forwarding, wherein the image quality and the resolution of an uploaded video stream and a downloaded video stream are intelligently selected according to the bandwidth condition and the performance of a client, so that the video communication stability of the client under the condition of insufficient communication bandwidth or poor performance of the client is realized; the condition filtering is carried out on the exchange and the forwarding of the video stream by combining the role and the requirement of the client, so that the forwarding waste of useless video streams is reduced, and the bandwidth pressure and the processing resource consumption of the server are reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of computer application of network video exchange, and particularly relates to a network video exchange system and method based on high-efficiency video stream forwarding.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The existing network video stream exchange technology is mostly realized based on the WebRTC technology. However, most of the network video stream switching and forwarding technologies in the market, whether based on Mesh, MCU or SFU, have the following performance disadvantages:
1. the number of accessible nodes is small, generally, the number of access points in a Mesh architecture is about 4 to 6, the number of access points in an MCU architecture is more than ten, the number of access points in an SFU architecture is about 40, and a large number of clients cannot be borne.
2. The number of the maintained client connections is large, the performance and the bandwidth of each client node participating in video exchange are influenced by the number of the connections established by the clients and the bandwidth occupied by each connection for transmitting video streams, and the stability of video communication of the clients is poor.
3. The bandwidth consumption of the server network is large, and the bandwidth consumption of the server network in the SFU architecture is large.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one technical problem in the background art, the invention provides a network video exchange system and method based on high-efficiency video stream forwarding, which intelligently selects the image quality and resolution of an uploaded video stream and a downloaded video stream according to the bandwidth condition and performance of a client, thereby realizing the video communication stability of the client under the condition of insufficient communication bandwidth or poor client performance; the condition filtering is carried out on the exchange and the forwarding of the video stream by combining the role and the requirement of the client, so that the forwarding waste of useless video streams is reduced, and the bandwidth pressure and the processing resource consumption of the server are reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the first aspect of the present invention provides a network video switching system based on efficient video stream forwarding, including: the video stream switching and forwarding server comprises a plurality of clients;
the video stream exchange and forwarding server is used for receiving a video stream data packet uploaded by a client, judging whether the client of a video stream source has a management authority according to the video stream data packet, if so, directly forwarding the video stream data to the client, otherwise, judging whether the video stream has the management authority, if so, forwarding the video stream data to the client, otherwise, discarding the video stream data and not forwarding the video stream data, and the video stream exchange and forwarding server is used for forwarding the video stream with corresponding image quality to the client according to the network bandwidth performance and the data processing performance of the video stream to the client.
A second aspect of the present invention provides a network video switching method based on efficient video stream forwarding, including the following steps:
receiving a video streaming data packet uploaded by a client;
judging whether a client of a video stream source has a management authority according to a video stream data packet, if so, directly forwarding the video stream data to the client of the video stream source, otherwise, judging whether the video stream has the management authority to the client of the video stream source, if so, forwarding the video stream data to the client of the video stream source, otherwise, discarding the video stream data and not forwarding the video stream data, and forwarding the video stream with corresponding image quality to the client of the corresponding video stream source according to the network bandwidth performance and the data processing performance of the video stream source to the client.
A third aspect of the invention provides a computer-readable storage medium.
A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of a method for network video switching based on efficient video stream forwarding as described above.
A fourth aspect of the invention provides a computer apparatus.
A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor implementing the steps of a method for network video switching based on efficient video stream forwarding as described above when executing the program.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the image quality and resolution of the uploaded video stream and the downloaded video stream are intelligently selected according to the bandwidth condition and performance of the client, so that the video communication stability of the client under the condition of insufficient communication bandwidth or poor client performance is realized; the condition filtering is carried out on the exchange and the forwarding of the video stream by combining the role and the requirement of the client, so that the forwarding waste of useless video streams is reduced, and the bandwidth pressure and the processing resource consumption of the server are reduced.
Through actual comparison and test, compared with the current common mode of uploading and exchanging video stream data with fixed resolution and uniformly forwarding the video stream without condition judgment, the number of supportable stable access clients is increased from about 40 to about 120 in a network video conference mode under the same hardware condition.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
Fig. 1 is a network topology structure diagram of network video exchange according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a network video exchange method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a network video switching system based on efficient video stream forwarding, including: the video stream exchange and forwarding server is used for receiving video stream data packets uploaded by the client, judging whether the client of a video stream source has a management authority or not according to the video stream data packets, if so, directly forwarding the video stream data to the client, otherwise, judging whether the video stream has the management authority or not, if so, forwarding the video stream data to the client, and otherwise, discarding the video stream data and not forwarding the video stream data.
When forwarding the video stream data to the client, the video stream switching and forwarding server is configured to forward the video stream with the corresponding image quality to the client according to the network bandwidth performance and the data processing performance of the video stream to the client.
Before the video stream exchange and forwarding server receives the video stream data packet uploaded by the client, the video stream exchange and forwarding server is used for dynamically adjusting the resolution of the video acquired by the camera according to the processing performance of the client and the use condition of the bandwidth and according to 3 image quality grades of high, medium and low.
In this embodiment, for example, the client may be a terminal such as a PC or a mobile phone with a camera that accesses a video stream exchange and forwarding system (e.g., a video conference, a network lecture, a network anchor, etc.).
When a camera of the equipment terminal is used for collecting a video uploading video stream, the video uploading video stream is used as a role of a video stream uploading client; when the video streams collected by the cameras of other clients are displayed, the video streams are used as the roles of the video stream receiving clients; it should be noted that if there is no terminal with a camera or there is a camera but not on, then this client only joins the system as a role of the video stream receiving client.
The video stream switching and forwarding server is used for judging the processing performance of the video stream uploading client according to the following steps: according to the fps index of the video stream uploading client for processing the frame rate per second of the collected video, under the condition of determined image quality and resolution, the higher the fps is, the stronger the processing performance is, and the minimum 30fps is generally required to be met.
The client side of the video stream source and the client side of the video stream destination have unique identification IDs, and the client side of the video stream source and the management authority of the video stream destination client side are identified according to the unique identification IDs.
The method for judging whether the client of the video stream source or the client of the video stream going to the video stream source has the management authority by the video stream exchange and forwarding server comprises the following steps:
(1) and identifying the client side role information according to the role information attached to the protocol data packet header part in the video stream data packet.
(2) When a client joins in an application scene such as a video conference and the like, a video stream exchange and forwarding server identifies role information according to the role information registered by the client in a video stream exchange server or a data cache redis server, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
A. when a client joins in an application scene such as a video conference and the like, registering a record to a data cache redis server, and recording the content of the record as information such as id, video conference id, role, online state and the like of the client;
B. the client sends video stream to the video stream exchange server, the video stream exchange server obtains a video stream source client id, and according to the id, records in the data cache redis server are inquired, and the role corresponding to the id client is obtained.
C. When the video stream is forwarded, the video stream exchange and forwarding server acquires an online client list in the conference, traverses the list, and inquires and acquires client role information from a redis server according to a client id in the list.
The rights manager includes a presenter, teacher or anchor, and the like.
The video stream switching and forwarding server first needs to compress the video stream before determining the source of the video stream.
The video stream exchange and forwarding server is used for forwarding the video stream with the corresponding image quality to the client side according to the network bandwidth performance and the data processing performance of the video stream to the client side, and comprises: calculating the network bandwidth condition and the client performance processing condition of the video stream going to the client, and forwarding the video stream with low image quality and low resolution if the network bandwidth or the client performance processing condition of the video stream going to the client is smaller than a first threshold according to the calculation result; if the processing performance of the network bandwidth or the video stream to the client is larger than a second threshold, the video stream with high image quality and high resolution is forwarded, and if the processing performance of the network bandwidth or the video stream to the client is between the first threshold and the second threshold, the video stream with medium image quality and medium resolution is forwarded.
Wherein, the calculation process is the same as the basis for judging the processing performance of the client.
The first threshold and the second threshold may be set according to actual needs, for example, may be set as follows:
the first threshold value: bandwidth: the available network bandwidth for playing the video is 100kbps, and the performance is as follows: the video with 640 multiplied by 480 resolution can be played by 30 fps;
the second threshold value: bandwidth: the available network bandwidth for playing the video is 500kbps, and the performance: playing 1280 × 720 resolution video can reach 30 fps.
According to the invention, the image quality and the resolution of the uploaded video stream and the downloaded video stream are intelligently selected according to the bandwidth condition and the performance of the client, so that the video communication stability of the client under the condition of insufficient communication bandwidth or poor client performance is realized; the condition filtering is carried out on the exchange and the forwarding of the video stream by combining the role and the requirement of the client, so that the forwarding waste of useless video streams is reduced, and the bandwidth pressure and the processing resource consumption of the server are reduced.
Example two
As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a network video switching method based on efficient video stream forwarding, including the following steps:
receiving a video stream data packet uploaded by a client;
and judging whether the client of the video stream source has the management authority or not according to the video stream data packet, if so, directly forwarding the video stream data to the client of the video stream source, otherwise, judging whether the video stream has the management authority or not, if so, forwarding the video stream data to the client of the video stream source, and otherwise, discarding the video stream data and not forwarding the video stream data.
When the video stream data is forwarded to the client side, the video stream with the corresponding image quality is forwarded to the client side according to the network bandwidth performance and the data processing performance of the video stream to the client side.
According to the network bandwidth performance and the data processing performance of the video stream to the client, the method for forwarding the video stream with the corresponding image quality to the client by the corresponding video stream comprises the following steps: calculating the network bandwidth condition and the client performance processing condition of the video stream going to the client, and forwarding the video stream with low image quality and low resolution if the network bandwidth or the client performance processing condition of the video stream going to the client is smaller than a first threshold according to the calculation result; if the processing performance of the network bandwidth or the video stream to the client is larger than a second threshold, the video stream with high image quality and high resolution is forwarded, and if the processing performance of the network bandwidth or the video stream to the client is between the first threshold and the second threshold, the video stream with medium image quality and medium resolution is forwarded.
Several scenarios are provided below to facilitate understanding.
Case one: for a network video conferencing system, comprising:
the conference initiating terminal: a conference host enters a video conference system;
conference participants: conference participants enter a video conference system;
in the process of the conference, a conference host can see the video images of all the members of the conference participants, and other conference participants can only see the video images of the conference host but cannot see the video images of other conference participants;
when someone speaks, the video stream of the speaker is transmitted to all client sides, and other conference participants can also see the video image of the speaker;
when a leader participates in a conference as a conference participant, after the authority is judged by the role, the video streams of all the terminals are also forwarded to the client of the leader, and then the leader can also see the video images of all the terminals.
Case two: system for online lecture, comprising:
teaching a teacher end: the teaching teacher enters an online teaching system and gives a video teaching to the whole staff;
quality control patrol terminal: entering an online teaching system, and watching video images of a teaching teacher and all students;
the student end of attending class: entering an online teaching system, and watching video images of a teaching teacher;
a teaching teacher explains courses through a camera, video streams of the client are sent to all the clients in an exchange mode through the server, and the teacher can see video images of all students (the students can be displayed in groups in turn or designated to be displayed);
the students who attend the lessons can only see the video images of the teacher end, but can not see the video images of other students; when a student answers a question, the video image of the student is forwarded to all, and other students can see the video image of the speaker of the student.
Case three: for an online live system, comprising:
the anchor end: the anchor enters an online live broadcast system and carries out video interaction on the whole staff;
and (4) a patrol terminal: entering an online live broadcast system, and watching a video image of a main broadcast;
the audience end: entering an online live broadcast system, and watching a video image of a main broadcast;
the anchor explains the video through the camera, the video stream of the customer end is exchanged and sent to all customer ends through the server, all audience ends can see the video image of the anchor; when the anchor needs to interact with the audiences, the anchor selects a certain audience to change the role and the permission, the camera video stream of the audience is forwarded to all the audiences through the exchange server, and all other client sides can also see the video images of the interactive audiences.
EXAMPLE III
The present embodiment provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when executed by a processor implements the steps in a network video switching method based on efficient video stream forwarding as described above.
Example four
The embodiment provides a computer device, which includes a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, and the processor executes the program to implement the steps in the network video exchange method based on high-efficiency video stream forwarding as described above.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of a hardware embodiment, a software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by a computer program, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. The storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A network video switching system based on efficient video stream forwarding, comprising: the video stream switching and forwarding server comprises a plurality of clients;
the video stream exchange and forwarding server is used for receiving a video stream data packet uploaded by a client, judging whether the client of a video stream source has a management authority according to the video stream data packet, if so, directly forwarding the video stream data to the client, otherwise, judging whether the video stream has the management authority, if so, forwarding the video stream data to the client, otherwise, discarding the video stream data and not forwarding the video stream data, and the video stream exchange and forwarding server is used for forwarding the video stream with corresponding image quality to the client according to the network bandwidth performance and the data processing performance of the video stream to the client.
2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the video stream switching and forwarding server is configured to dynamically adjust the resolution of the video captured by the camera according to the high, medium, and low 3 image quality grades according to the processing performance and bandwidth usage of the client before receiving the video stream packets uploaded by the client.
3. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the client from which the video stream originates and the client to which the video stream goes have unique ID, and the management authority of the client from which the video stream originates and the client to which the video stream goes is identified according to the unique ID.
4. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the video stream switching and forwarding server is configured to forward a video stream with a corresponding quality to the client according to a network bandwidth performance and a data processing performance of the video stream to the client, and comprises: calculating the network bandwidth condition and the client performance processing condition of the video stream going to the client, and forwarding the video stream with low image quality and low resolution if the network bandwidth or the client performance processing condition of the video stream going to the client is smaller than a first threshold according to the calculation result; if the processing performance of the network bandwidth or the video stream to the client is larger than a second threshold, the video stream with high image quality and high resolution is forwarded, and if the processing performance of the network bandwidth or the video stream to the client is between the first threshold and the second threshold, the video stream with medium image quality and medium resolution is forwarded.
5. The network video switching system of claim 1, wherein the video stream switching and forwarding server first compresses the video stream before determining the source of the video stream.
6. The network video switching system based on high-efficiency video stream forwarding of claim 1, wherein the method for the video stream switching forwarding server to determine whether the client from which the video stream originates or the client to which the video stream goes has the administrative right is as follows: identifying client side role information according to role information attached by a protocol data packet header part in a video stream data packet;
or when the client is added into an application scene such as a video conference, the video stream exchange and forwarding server identifies the role information according to the role information registered by the client in the video stream exchange server or the data cache redis server.
7. A network video exchange method based on high-efficiency video stream forwarding is characterized by comprising the following steps:
receiving a video streaming data packet uploaded by a client;
judging whether a client of a video stream source has a management authority according to a video stream data packet, if so, directly forwarding the video stream data to the client of the video stream source, otherwise, judging whether the video stream has the management authority to the client of the video stream source, if so, forwarding the video stream data to the client of the video stream source, otherwise, discarding the video stream data and not forwarding the video stream data, and forwarding the video stream with corresponding image quality to the client of the corresponding video stream source according to the network bandwidth performance and the data processing performance of the video stream source to the client.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein forwarding video streams with corresponding image quality to the client according to network bandwidth performance and data processing performance of the video streams to the client comprises: calculating the network bandwidth condition and the client performance processing condition of the video stream going to the client, and forwarding the video stream with low image quality and low resolution if the network bandwidth or the client performance processing condition of the video stream going to the client is smaller than a first threshold according to the calculation result; if the processing performance of the network bandwidth or the video stream to the client is larger than a second threshold, the video stream with high image quality and high resolution is forwarded, and if the processing performance of the network bandwidth or the video stream to the client is between the first threshold and the second threshold, the video stream with medium image quality and medium resolution is forwarded.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of a method for network video switching based on efficient video stream forwarding according to any one of claims 7 to 8.
10. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor when executing the program implements the steps of a method for network video switching based on high efficiency video stream forwarding according to any of claims 7-8.
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