CN114447759A - Long-pulse laser front-end system for laser direct drive quasi-isentropic compression - Google Patents
Long-pulse laser front-end system for laser direct drive quasi-isentropic compression Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a long pulse laser front-end system for laser direct drive quasi-isentropic compression, which comprises a single-frequency continuous laser, an acousto-optic modulator, a pulse shaping unit and a long pulse regenerative amplifier. The long-pulse regenerative amplifier comprises a Herriott optical cavity and is used for prolonging the length of a resonant cavity of the regenerative amplifier, so that the resonant cavity of the regenerative amplifier can support transmission and amplification of shaped laser pulses with the pulse width of more than 100 ns. The invention overcomes the limitation that the output pulse width of the front end system of the existing high-power laser driver is less than or equal to 30ns, can realize the laser pulse output of which the front end system has the pulse width of more than 100ns and the energy is dozens of millijoules to hundreds of millijoules, can be used for constructing a hundred-nanosecond high-power laser driver and meets the requirement of experimental research of ultrahigh-pressure geological materials under higher pressure in the future.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the field of high-power laser drivers, in particular to a long-pulse laser front-end system for laser direct drive quasi-isentropic compression.
Background art:
the development of geological material experimental research under the condition of ultrahigh pressure has important significance for understanding new and long-term phenomena in earth and planet science. On the one hand, experimental study of geological materials at ultra-high pressure can be used to reveal structural, kinetic and evolution issues about the deep parts of the earth; on the other hand, the experimental study can also be used for studying the physical and chemical properties of the solar system outer planet substance under extreme conditions, and discovering the composition and mineralogy of different planets, thereby further understanding the diversity, origin and evolution of the planet system structure. Early, experimental studies of substances under deep conditions inside planets were carried out, generally by using a diamond pressure chamber to generate static compression, however, the pressure conditions of such experiments were limited to below 200 GPa. To achieve a pressure of the order of magnitude of TPa and a high temperature of more than 10000K, the only feasible approach is to use a dynamic loading compression technique. The dynamic compression technology is divided into two technical schemes of impact compression and slope compression.
Impact compression is the discrete change in pressure, density, particle velocity, temperature and other properties of a material by applying large amplitude mechanical waves to the material on a short time scale, which is thermodynamically irreversible. A large part of energy of the shock wave is used for enabling substances to generate entropy increase and temperature rise, the temperature rise is increased along with the increase of the pressure intensity, when the pressure intensity is increased to a certain degree, the temperature rise caused by the shock wave even can cause the melting of solid materials, for example, for substances such as silicate, oxide and metal, when the shock pressure intensity reaches 100-300 GPa, the melting can occur. Therefore, a shock wave experiment under the ultra-high pressure condition is generally used to detect the state of a high-temperature liquid. In addition, the degree of compression that can be achieved by shock compression is limited because as the energy of the shock wave increases, more of the energy is converted into heat than is used to compress the sample.
Unlike shock compression, ramp compression is achieved by loading a continuously increasing dynamic pressure, which can be seen as a ramp pulse consisting of an infinite number of weak shock waves compressing the material, the pressure increasing gradually in small steps to a final pressure. The rising time of the slope compression is usually 10-100 ns, the slope compression has the characteristics of low loading rate and small entropy increase, and a high-pressure and relatively low-temperature substance state can be realized in the material, so that the slope compression is also called quasi-isentropic compression. Quasi-isentropic compression is well suited for studying the state of matter at ultra-high pressures because it generates little heat, allows solids to be compressed to very high pressures without being melted, and the degree of compression that can be achieved is not limited.
The quasi-isentropic compression can be realized by magnetic pulse loading, a density gradient impactor of a gas gun device, chemical energy generated by high-energy explosive and high-power laser. Compared with other loading methods, the high-power shaping laser pulse is used for driving quasi-isentropic compression, so that the loading pressure of several TPa levels can be realized, which is far higher than the pressure generated by the traditional method, and human beings have experimental capability for researching the internal state of a large star body, and therefore, the method is a leading edge and a hotspot of research in the field, and specifically please refer to documents:
1.R.F.Smith,J.H.Eggert,R.Jeanloz,T.S.Duffy,et al.‘Ramp compression of diamond to five terapascals’,Nature 511,330-333(2014).
2. xue quanxi, Jiang Shao En, Wang Zheng bin, etc. "research progress of laser direct drive quasi-isentropic compression based on Shenguan III prototype device", volume 67 (phase 4) of Physics journal, 045202 (2018).
3.Thomas S.Duffy and Raymond F.Smith,‘Ultra-high pressure dynamic compression of geological materials’,Frontiers in Earth Science 7,Article 23(2019).
However, the longest shaping pulse width that can be supported by the current internationally available high power laser driver is about 30ns, which is one order of magnitude narrower than the conventional loading manner such as magnetic pulse, and at the same time, the loading pressure is one order of magnitude higher, which means that the material is slowly compressed in a wider pressure range in a shorter time scale and the shock wave effect cannot be generated, which requires more precise control of the shape of the loading pressure waveform than the conventional loading manner, and therefore, extremely high requirements are imposed on the experimental design and the time waveform shaping of the optical pulse.
In the future, geological material experimental research under ultrahigh pressure puts higher requirements on the pressure loaded on substances. In order to realize quasi-isentropic substance compression with higher pressure intensity, the pulse width of the shaped laser needs to be expanded to more than 100ns, so that the shaping precision of the current laser pulse can meet the requirement of ultrahigh-pressure quasi-isentropic compression. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct research on a one hundred nanosecond high-power laser driver. However, since the regenerative amplifier in the front-end system of the conventional high-power laser driver has a short cavity length and cannot support laser pulse amplification with a pulse width of 100ns, the front-end system cannot generate shaped laser pulses with a pulse width of more than 100ns and energy of more than 10mJ, and therefore, a long-pulse laser front-end system is required to be designed to generate shaped laser pulses with a pulse width of more than 100ns and energy of tens of milli-joules to hundreds of milli-joules, so as to meet the requirement of direct driving quasi-entropy compression by laser under ultrahigh pressure.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to solve the technical problem that a front-end system of the existing high-power laser driver cannot generate shaping laser pulses with the pulse width larger than 100ns and the energy higher than 10mJ, and designs a long-pulse laser front-end system which can generate shaping laser pulses with the pulse width larger than 100ns and the energy ranging from tens of millijoules to hundreds of millijoules, thereby meeting the requirement of directly driving quasi-isentropic compression by laser under ultrahigh pressure.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a long pulse laser front-end system for laser direct drive quasi-isentropic compression comprises a single-frequency continuous laser, an acousto-optic modulator, a pulse shaping unit and a long pulse regenerative amplifier, wherein:
the acousto-optic modulator is used for chopping single-frequency continuous laser output by the single-frequency continuous laser to generate a first laser pulse, inputting the first laser pulse into the pulse shaping unit, and generating a high-precision shaped optical pulse required by isentropic compression;
the long pulse regenerative amplifier includes a resonant cavity with a Herriott optical cavity for amplifying the high precision time-shaped optical pulse.
The long pulse regenerative amplifier comprises a first lambda/2 wave plate, a first polaroid, a second lambda/2 wave plate, a Faraday optical rotator, a second polaroid, a lambda/4 wave plate, an electro-optical switch, a first reflector, a second reflector, a laser amplification head, a Herriott optical cavity and a third reflector; the first reflector, the electro-optical switch, the lambda/4 wave plate, the second polaroid, the second reflector, the laser amplification head, the Herriott optical cavity and the third reflector form a resonant cavity.
The Herriott optical cavity has the characteristic that the q parameter is kept unchanged, namely the output light beam q parameter of the Herriott optical cavity is the same as the input light beam q parameter of the Herriott optical cavity.
Setting the cavity length L of the resonant cavity and the rising edge time T of the electro-optical switchPCSatisfies the relationship: l is not less than c (T)2+TPC) [ 2 ] in the formula, T2Is the pulse width of the high precision shaped light pulse, and c is the speed of light in air.
The pulse width T of the first laser pulse1The range is: t is more than or equal to 200ns1Less than or equal to 500 ns; the pulse width range of the high-precision shaping light pulse is as follows: t is more than or equal to 20ns2≤200ns。
The Herriott optical cavity comprises a cavity body formed by a first end surface reflector and a second end surface reflector which are oppositely arranged.
The first end surface reflector and the second end surface reflector are concave reflectors with the same curvature radius; or the first end surface reflector is a concave reflector, and the second end surface reflector is a plane reflector.
The Herriott optical cavity further comprises a first input coupling reflector, a second input coupling reflector, a first output coupling reflector and a second output coupling reflector; in the long pulse regenerative amplifier, N high-precision time shaping light pulses with time intervals are amplified by a laser amplification head, then are incident to a first end face reflector through a first input coupling reflector and a second input coupling reflector, enter a cavity, are reflected by the first end face reflector and a second end face reflector in the cavity, are transmitted back and forth for multiple times, and finally are guided out of the cavity through a first output coupling reflector and a second output coupling reflector and are incident on a third reflector.
The first input coupling reflector and the second input coupling reflector enable input light entering the cavity and an eigenmode of the Herriott optical cavity to meet mode matching, and the first output coupling reflector and the second output coupling reflector enable output light of the cavity and the eigenmode of the Herriott optical cavity to meet mode matching.
The pulse shaping unit comprises an amplitude modulator and an arbitrary waveform generator, wherein the arbitrary waveform generator generates a high-precision time waveform shaping electric pulse string, and the high-precision time waveform shaping electric pulse string is loaded on the first laser pulse through the amplitude modulator.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the invention overcomes the limitation that the output pulse width of the front end system of the prior high-power laser driver is less than or equal to 30ns, can realize the output of the laser pulse with the pulse width of the front end system more than 100ns, and has the energy of dozens of millijoules to hundreds of millijoules.
(2) The method can be used for constructing a hundred-nanosecond high-power laser driver so as to meet the requirement of experimental research on ultrahigh-pressure geological materials under higher pressure in the future.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a long-pulse laser front-end system for laser direct-drive quasi-isentropic compression according to the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a Herriott optical cavity included in a regenerative amplifier in a long-pulse laser front-end system embodiment for laser direct-drive quasi-isentropic compression according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a Herriott optical cavity included in a regenerative amplifier in a long-pulse laser front-end system embodiment for laser direct-drive quasi-isentropic compression according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described with reference to the following examples and drawings, and other similar embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without any inventive work shall fall within the scope of the present application.
The invention provides a long pulse laser front-end system for laser direct drive quasi-isentropic compression.
The first embodiment is as follows:
please refer to fig. 1 and fig. 2. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a long-pulse laser front-end system for laser direct-drive quasi-isentropic compression according to the present invention, and as can be seen from fig. 1, the structure includes: the device comprises a single-frequency continuous laser 1, an acoustic-optical modulator 2, a first optical fiber amplifier 3, a pulse shaping unit 4, a second optical fiber amplifier 5, a first turning mirror 6, a second turning mirror 7 and a long pulse regenerative amplifier 8.
The describedThe acousto-optic modulator 2 is used for chopping the single-frequency continuous laser output by the single-frequency continuous laser 1 to generate a first laser pulse, wherein the pulse width range of the first laser pulse is as follows: t is more than or equal to 200ns1≤500ns；
The pulse shaping unit 4 comprises an amplitude modulator 401 and an arbitrary waveform generator 402, the amplitude modulator 401 is a two-stage amplitude modulator, the arbitrary waveform generator is a multi-channel arbitrary waveform generator, a channel 1 of the arbitrary waveform generator outputs square-wave electric pulses, and the square-wave electric pulses are loaded on the first stage of the amplitude modulator 401 and are used for improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the optical pulses; the channel 2 of the arbitrary waveform generator generates high-precision time waveform shaping electric pulses which are loaded on the first laser pulses through the second stage of the amplitude modulator to generate high-precision shaping optical pulses required by isentropic compression, wherein the pulse width range of the high-precision shaping optical pulses is as follows: t is more than or equal to 20ns2≤200ns；
The long pulse regenerative amplifier 8 comprises a first lambda/2 wave plate 801, a first polarizing plate 802, a second lambda/2 wave plate 803, a Faraday rotator 804, a second polarizing plate 805, a lambda/4 wave plate 806, an electro-optical switch 807, a first mirror 808, a second mirror 809, a laser amplification head 810, a Herriott optical cavity 811 and a third mirror 812.
The single-frequency continuous laser 1 outputs single-frequency continuous laser, chopping is carried out through the acousto-optic modulator 2, a first laser pulse is generated, the first laser pulse is amplified through the first optical fiber amplifier 3 and enters the pulse shaping unit 4, the signal-to-noise ratio of the first laser pulse is improved through the first stage of the amplitude modulator, the time waveform of the first laser pulse is shaped through the second stage of the amplitude modulator, a high-precision shaped optical pulse required by isentropic compression is generated, the high-precision shaped optical pulse is amplified through the second optical fiber amplifier 5, transmitted through the first turning mirror 6 and the second turning mirror 7 and injected into the long pulse regenerative amplifier 8 for amplification; in the long pulse regenerative amplifier 8, the shaped laser pulse first passes through a first λ/2 wave plate 801, the polarization state is changed into P-polarized light, the P-polarized light is transmitted through a first polarizing plate 802, and then passes through a second λ/2 wave plate 803 and a faraday rotator 804, the polarization state is kept unchanged, and the P-polarized light is transmitted through a second polarizing plate 805; the shaped laser pulse passes through a lambda/4 wave plate 806 and an electro-optical switch 807, is reflected by a first reflecting mirror 808, the transmission direction of the light beam is rotated by 180 degrees, so that the shaped laser pulse passes through the electro-optical switch 807 and the lambda/4 wave plate 806 again, at the moment, the electro-optical switch 807 is not loaded with voltage, the P polarized light pulse passes through the lambda/4 wave plate 806 back and forth, the polarization direction is rotated by 90 degrees, the P polarized light pulse is changed into S polarized light pulse, passes through a second polarizing plate 805 again, is reflected by a second polarizing plate 805, passes through a second reflecting mirror 809, a laser amplification head 810, a Herriott optical cavity 811 and a third reflecting mirror 812 back and forth, and then is incident to the second polarizing plate 805 again; at this time, the electro-optical switch 807 loads a quarter-wave voltage, which plays the role of a lambda/4 wave plate in the optical path, and after the S-polarized light pulse passes through the lambda/4 wave plate 806 and the electro-optical switch 807 back and forth, the polarization state remains unchanged, and the oscillation transmission amplification continues in the resonant cavity; when the shaped light pulse is amplified to a preset energy, the voltage of the electro-optical switch 807 is removed, the S-polarized shaped light pulse passes through the lambda/4 wave plate 806 and the electro-optical switch 807 back and forth, the polarization state is changed into P-polarized light, and the P-polarized light is transmitted through the second polarizing plate 805; the P-polarization shaped pulse passes through the faraday rotator 804 and the second λ/2 plate 803, is changed in polarization state into S-polarized light, enters the first polarizer 802, is reflected by the first polarizer 802, and is output from the long pulse regenerative amplifier.
The Herriott optical cavity 811 is used for prolonging the resonant cavity length of the regenerative amplifier, and the rising edge time T of the electro-optical switch is set by the cavity length L of the resonant cavityPCSatisfies the relationship: l is not less than c (T)2+TPC) [ 2 ] in the formula, T2Is the pulse width of the high precision shaped light pulse, and c is the speed of light in air.
The Herriott optical cavity 811 comprises a cavity body formed by a first end surface reflector 811-3 and a second end surface reflector 811-4 which are oppositely arranged, the first end surface reflector 811-3 and the second end surface reflector 811-4 are concave reflectors with the same curvature radius, the curvature radius of the first end surface reflector 811-3 and the curvature radius of the second end surface reflector 811-4 are marked as R, and the distance between the first end surface reflector and the second end surface reflector is marked as d; when the shaped pulse is transmitted in the regenerative amplifier in a single pass, the total number of times of the shaped pulse passing through the first end face mirror 811-3 and the second end face mirror 811-4 is denoted as n, and R, d, and n satisfy the relationship: r [1-cos (2 pi/n) ], so that said Herriott optical cavity 811 has the characteristic that the q parameter remains unchanged, i.e. the output beam q parameter of the Herriott optical cavity is the same as the input beam q parameter of the Herriott optical cavity;
the Herriott optical cavity further comprises a first in-coupling mirror 811-1, a second in-coupling mirror 811-2, a first out-coupling mirror 811-5 and a second out-coupling mirror 811-6; in the long pulse regenerative amplifier 8, 3 high-precision time-shaped light pulses with time intervals are amplified by a laser amplification head 810, then are incident on a first end face reflector 811-4 through a first input coupling reflector 811-1 and a second input coupling reflector 811-2, enter a cavity, are reflected by the first end face reflector 811-3 and the second end face reflector 811-4 in the cavity, are transmitted back and forth for multiple times, are finally led out of the cavity through a first output coupling reflector 811-5 and a second output coupling reflector 811-6, and are incident on a third reflector 812.
The first input coupling reflector 811-1 and the second input coupling reflector 811-2 enable input light entering the cavity to satisfy mode matching with an eigenmode of the Herriott optical cavity 811, and the first output coupling reflector 811-5 and the second output coupling reflector 811-6 enable output light of the cavity to satisfy mode matching with the eigenmode of the Herriott optical cavity.
Example two:
please refer to fig. 1 and fig. 3. The difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment is that, as shown in fig. 3, the first end surface reflector 811-3 is a concave reflector with a radius of curvature R, and the second end surface reflector 811-4 is a flat reflector. The distance between the first end mirror 811-3 and the second end mirror 811-4 is denoted as d, the number of times of passing through the first end mirror 811-3 when the shaping pulse is transmitted in a single pass in the regenerative amplifier is denoted as n, and R, d, and n satisfy the relationship: r1-cos (2 pi/n) ], so that said Herriott optical cavity 811 has the characteristic that the q parameter remains unchanged, i.e. the output beam q parameter of the Herriott optical cavity is the same as the input beam q parameter of the Herriott optical cavity.
Claims (9)
1. A long pulse laser front-end system for laser direct drive quasi-isentropic compression, the system comprising a single frequency continuous laser, an acousto-optic modulator, a pulse shaping unit and a long pulse regenerative amplifier, wherein:
the acousto-optic modulator is used for chopping single-frequency continuous laser output by the single-frequency continuous laser to generate a first laser pulse, inputting the first laser pulse into the pulse shaping unit, and generating a high-precision shaped optical pulse required by isentropic compression;
the long pulse regenerative amplifier includes a resonant cavity with a Herriott optical cavity for amplifying the high precision time-shaped optical pulse.
2. The long-pulse laser front-end system for laser direct-drive quasi-isentropic compression as claimed in claim 1, wherein the long-pulse regenerative amplifier comprises a first λ/2 wave plate, a first polarizer, a second λ/2 wave plate, a faraday rotator, a second polarizer, a λ/4 wave plate, an electro-optical switch, a first mirror, a second mirror, a laser amplification head, a Herriott optical cavity and a third mirror; the first reflector, the electro-optical switch, the lambda/4 wave plate, the second polaroid, the second reflector, the laser amplification head, the Herriott optical cavity and the third reflector form a resonant cavity.
3. The long-pulse laser front-end system for laser direct-drive quasi-isentropic compression as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Herriott optical cavity has a characteristic that q-parameter is kept constant, that is, the output beam q-parameter of the Herriott optical cavity is the same as the input beam q-parameter of the Herriott optical cavity.
4. The long-pulse laser front-end system for laser direct-drive quasi-isentropic compression as claimed in claim 1, wherein, given the cavity length L of the resonant cavity, the rise time T of the electro-optical switchPCSatisfies the relationship: l is not less than c (T)2+TPC)/2，
In the formula, T2Is the pulse width of the high precision shaped light pulse, and c is the speed of light in air.
5. Use according to claims 1 and 4 for stimulatingThe long pulse laser front-end system is characterized in that the pulse width T of the first laser pulse is1The range is: t is more than or equal to 200ns1Less than or equal to 500 ns; the pulse width range of the high-precision shaping light pulse is as follows: t is more than or equal to 20ns2≤200ns。
6. A long pulse laser front-end system for laser direct drive quasi-isentropic compression as claimed in claims 1 and 2, wherein the Herriott optical cavity comprises a cavity formed by a first end mirror and a second end mirror placed opposite to each other.
7. The long-pulse laser front-end system for laser direct-drive quasi-isentropic compression as claimed in claim 6, wherein the first end mirror and the second end mirror are concave mirrors with the same radius of curvature; or the first end surface reflector is a concave reflector, and the second end surface reflector is a plane reflector.
8. The long-pulse laser front-end system for laser direct-drive quasi-isentropic compression as claimed in claim 6 or 7, wherein the Herriott optical cavity further comprises a first in-coupling mirror, a second in-coupling mirror, a first out-coupling mirror and a second out-coupling mirror; in the long pulse regenerative amplifier, N high-precision time shaping optical pulses with time intervals are amplified by a laser amplification head, are incident on a first end surface reflector through a first input coupling reflector and a second input coupling reflector, enter a cavity, are reflected by the first end surface reflector and a second end surface reflector in the cavity, are transmitted back and forth for multiple times, are finally led out of the cavity through a first output coupling reflector and a second output coupling reflector, and are incident on a third reflector.
The first input coupling reflector and the second input coupling reflector enable input light entering the cavity to meet mode matching with an eigenmode of the Herriott optical cavity, and the first output coupling reflector and the second output coupling reflector enable output light of the cavity to meet mode matching with the eigenmode of the Herriott optical cavity.
9. The long-pulse laser front-end system for laser direct-drive quasi-isentropic compression of claim 1, wherein the pulse shaping unit comprises an amplitude modulator and an arbitrary waveform generator, and the arbitrary waveform generator generates a high-precision time waveform-shaped electrical pulse train to be loaded on the first laser pulse through the amplitude modulator.
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| CN101055401A (en) * | 2007-05-25 | 2007-10-17 | 北京工业大学 | Whole-solid kHz picosecond laser pulse regeneration amplifier |
| CN102570272A (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2012-07-11 | 北京国科世纪激光技术有限公司 | Picosecond laser pulse regenerative amplifier |
| US20190020166A1 (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2019-01-17 | University Of Central Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | High Energy Broadband Laser System, Methods, and Applications |
| CN112636155A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-09 | 北京超快光子科技有限公司 | Multi-pulse regenerative amplified laser system |
-
2022
- 2022-01-11 CN CN202210027308.XA patent/CN114447759A/en not_active Withdrawn
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101055401A (en) * | 2007-05-25 | 2007-10-17 | 北京工业大学 | Whole-solid kHz picosecond laser pulse regeneration amplifier |
| CN102570272A (en) * | 2011-11-16 | 2012-07-11 | 北京国科世纪激光技术有限公司 | Picosecond laser pulse regenerative amplifier |
| US20190020166A1 (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2019-01-17 | University Of Central Florida Research Foundation, Inc. | High Energy Broadband Laser System, Methods, and Applications |
| CN112636155A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-04-09 | 北京超快光子科技有限公司 | Multi-pulse regenerative amplified laser system |
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| Title |
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| T. FORDELL ET AL: "Carrier-envelope phase stabilization of a multi-millijoule，regenerative-amplifier-based chirped-pulse amplifier system", 《OPTICS EXPRESS》, 4 November 2009 (2009-11-04), pages 2 - 4 * |
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