CN114446741B - Array module magnetron and novel high-power magnetron unit - Google Patents

Array module magnetron and novel high-power magnetron unit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114446741B
CN114446741B CN202210097801.9A CN202210097801A CN114446741B CN 114446741 B CN114446741 B CN 114446741B CN 202210097801 A CN202210097801 A CN 202210097801A CN 114446741 B CN114446741 B CN 114446741B
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magnetron
permanent magnet
adjustable
enhanced
modular
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CN114446741A (en
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毕亮杰
李海龙
蒙林
殷勇
王彬
黎晓云
薛钦文
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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University of Electronic Science and Technology of China
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/50Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/36Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy
    • H01J23/54Filtering devices preventing unwanted frequencies or modes to be coupled to, or out of, the interaction circuit; Prevention of high frequency leakage in the environment
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B40/00Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers

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  • Control Of High-Frequency Heating Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an arrayed modular magnetron and a novel high-power magnetron unit, which are based on a typical high-efficiency magnetron interconnection frequency-locking phase-locking structure, improve the high-power output capability of the magnetron unit structure on the basis of keeping the original high efficiency unchanged, and improve the capability of the arrayed modular magnetron by orders of magnitude.

Description

Array module magnetron and novel high-power magnetron unit
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave sources of vacuum electronic devices, and particularly relates to an arrayed modular magnetron and a novel high-power magnetron unit.
Background
Microwave energy is a novel energy source which takes microwave as an energy carrier, and with the continuous deepening of research, the microwave energy is increasingly applied to the aspects of industry, agriculture, forestry, medical treatment, national defense, social life and the like. The magnetron is a core device commonly used by a microwave energy application system as a high-efficiency high-power microwave vacuum electronic device. Due to its high efficiency, compactness, low voltage and low price, the magnetron and the household microwave oven have been examined and matched in a very wonderful way, as shown in fig. 3, the magnetron structure of the existing household microwave oven comprises a tube core, permanent magnets (an upper permanent magnet and a lower permanent magnet), a radiating fin, a filtering component, an antenna and a bracket, wherein the upper and lower permanent magnets are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the tube core and form a closed magnetic circuit with the bracket, the radiating fin is arranged around the tube core, the filtering component is arranged on the upper bracket and connected with the tube core, and the bottom end of the lower bracket is an output coupling structure and is internally connected with the antenna. The household power supply provides 4kV working voltage for the magnetron through the filtering component, the magnetron continuously generates microwaves under the excitation of the power supply, and the electronic efficiency is up to more than 80%. This is currently the most widespread application of microwave energy, mainly benefiting from the high efficiency and high power output capabilities of magnetrons. Based on the high performance structure and advantages of the magnetron for the microwave oven, further improvement of the efficiency and power capability of the magnetron becomes an important trend in development of the devices. On the basis of the basic structure of the magnetron for the microwave oven, if the power and the efficiency of the magnetron are improved by increasing the voltage, the sparking phenomenon is easy to occur among a high-voltage terminal in the filter assembly, a metal wall of the assembly and an upper bracket due to small space; and the current density is increased after the working voltage is increased, the magnetic field intensity of a closed magnetic circuit is insufficient, so that the anode current is reduced, and the power is difficult to be increased.
In order to improve the power output of the magnetron, a patent with application number 201811487405.7 entitled "a magnetron structure with modular characteristics" proposes a modular magnetron structure, specifically, on the basis of the magnetron structure for a typical microwave oven, a gap is formed on the wall of an anode cavity to connect a coupler, and the coupler is cascaded with other similar magnetrons to form a modular magnetron structure with frequency and phase locking, so that the same-frequency and same-phase output of a plurality of magnetrons is realized under the low-voltage working condition, and the purpose of improving the power is achieved. The method of locking frequency and phase by interconnection can provide feasibility for the array modular magnetron, however, the output power of the array magnetron in the method is difficult to be increased by orders of magnitude due to the limited power output capability of a single magnetron. If the power of the array modular magnetron can be improved by orders of magnitude on the basis of the array modular magnetron, the application fields of microwave energy industrialization application and microwave power technology can be greatly widened, and the array modular magnetron has great engineering significance and use value.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the arrayed modular magnetron and the novel high-power magnetron unit provided by the invention improve the power output capability and efficiency of a single magnetron, and the power of the magnetron is improved by orders of magnitude by adopting an array technology.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: an array modular magnetron comprises a plurality of magnetrons, wherein the wall of an anode cavity of each magnetron is connected with a coupling circuit, and the anode cavity of two adjacent magnetrons are connected through the coupling circuit.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
on the basis of an improved magnetic circuit system and a high-voltage filtering component, the bulge structure is introduced into the anode cavity connected with the output structure in the tube core structure, so that the defect that the output structure is uneven in electromagnetic field distribution in the tube core is overcome, electrons are evenly distributed in the tube core structure, and the capacity of a single tube of a magnetron is improved. The convex structure is introduced to improve the power capability of a single tube of the magnetron, and the convex structure is introduced into the anode cavity connected with the coupling circuit, so that the nonuniformity of field distribution in the anode cavity caused by the connection of the coupling circuit is improved, and a foundation is laid for improving the capability of the array module magnetron.
Further, the coupling circuit comprises an I-shaped impedance transformer and a standard rectangular waveguide which are connected with each other.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: a plurality of magnetrons with the same structure are connected through the coupling circuit with the structure, so that an arrayed magnetron with high-efficiency frequency locking and phase locking capabilities is formed.
Further, in each of the magnetrons, a projection structure is provided on the inside thereof for an anode cavity connected to an output structure thereof or a coupling circuit.
Further, the convex structures are symmetrically distributed on the inner wall of the anode cavity;
the number and position of the raised structures are determined according to the number and position of the coupling circuits and output structures of a single magnetron in the arrayed modular magnetron.
Further, the angular dimension of each of the raised structures is less than 1/2 of the angular dimension of a single anode cavity.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: based on the protruding structure that above-mentioned positive pole intracavity wall set up, solved because the introduction of output structure and coupling circuit leads to the inhomogeneous problem of field distribution in the positive pole cavity body, promoted the homogeneity of electromagnetic field distribution in the positive pole cavity body structure to promote single tube and annotate ripples interaction efficiency and array module magnetron's holistic ability.
A novel high-power magnetron unit comprises a high-voltage filtering component and a magnetic circuit system, wherein the magnetic circuit system is an adjustable enhanced closed magnetic circuit system and comprises a magnetron, an enhanced upper permanent magnet, an enhanced lower permanent magnet, a magnetron bracket and an adjustable permanent magnet strip;
the magnetic field of the adjustable enhanced closed magnetic circuit system is adjustable.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the novel high-power magnetron unit adopts three means of increasing the radius of a permanent magnet, using a high magnetic energy product permanent magnet material and designing a plurality of permanent magnet strips which are manually moved and attached, thereby enhancing the magnetic field intensity and the position shape curve of a closed magnetic circuit and laying a foundation for improving the working voltage of the magnetron; simultaneously, in order to reduce the risk of striking sparks that the promotion voltage brought, designed high voltage filter subassembly, the safety distance of high voltage input end and filter subassembly metal sheet has been increased to the leading features, has promoted high voltage work basis and condition.
Further, the magnetron support comprises an upper support, a lower support, a left support and a right support;
the upper support, the lower support, the left support and the right support form a closed area, and the magnetron is arranged in the closed area;
the left support and the right support are formed by arranging a plurality of adjustable permanent magnet strips with the same permanent magnet material, and the positions and the number of the adjustable permanent magnet strips are adjustable.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the adjustable magnetic field closed loop is formed by replacing the traditional left and right brackets of the metal plate with the adjustable permanent magnetic strips.
Furthermore, the enhanced upper permanent magnet and the enhanced lower permanent magnet are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the magnetron tube core;
the maximum magnetic energy product of the reinforced upper permanent magnet and the reinforced lower permanent magnet is 150 to 160kJ/m 3
The enhanced upper permanent magnet and the enhanced lower permanent magnet have the same inner and outer radiuses, wherein the outer radius is larger than or equal to the outer radius of the upper and lower permanent magnets in the magnetron for the household microwave oven and smaller than the distance between the left bracket and the right bracket.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are: the magnetic field intensity of a closed magnetic circuit of a single magnetron tube is enhanced by 2-3 times by increasing the upper permanent magnet and the lower permanent magnet and using the permanent magnet with strong magnetic force and matching with the adjustable permanent magnet strips, compared with the single magnetron tube structure for the household microwave oven, the magnetic field intensity is increased, so that the working threshold voltage of the magnetron is increased, and conditions are created for increasing the working voltage.
Furthermore, a high-voltage filter assembly is arranged at the upper end of the upper bracket of the magnetic circuit system;
the high-voltage filtering component comprises two binding posts and a metal frame plate, wherein the binding posts are vertically arranged, one ends of the binding posts are arranged in the metal frame plate and are respectively connected with the cathode and the filament port, and the other ends of the binding posts are arranged outside the metal frame plate and are respectively connected with the high-voltage output end of the pulse high-voltage power supply and the output end of the filament power supply.
Furthermore, the peripheries of the two binding posts are wrapped with insulating materials.
The beneficial effects of the above further scheme are:
in the scheme, the top metal plate in the traditional filtering assembly is removed, and the wiring terminal with the insulating material is adopted, so that compared with a magnetron structure for a household microwave oven, the distance between the high-voltage input end of the wiring terminal and the top metal plate of the high-voltage filtering assembly is 4-5 times of the same size in the original magnetron structure, the possibility of ignition is reduced, and a foundation is laid for stable work after the working voltage is increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a magnetron tube core according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the novel high-power magnetron unit provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a magnetron structure for a household microwave oven according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a high voltage filter assembly according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an arrayed modular magnetron formed by interconnecting magnetrons according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a front view of an arrayed modular magnetron provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
Example 1:
the embodiment of the invention provides an arrayed modular magnetron, which comprises a plurality of magnetrons, wherein the wall of an anode cavity of each magnetron is connected with a coupling circuit, and the anode cavity of two adjacent magnetrons are connected through the coupling circuit.
The coupling circuit in the embodiment of the invention comprises an I-shaped impedance converter and a standard rectangular waveguide which are mutually connected, and a plurality of magnetrons with the same structure are connected through the coupling circuit in the embodiment, so that an arrayed magnetron with high-efficiency frequency locking and phase locking capabilities is formed.
In the embodiment of the invention, the anode cavity connected with the output structure or the coupling circuit is internally provided with a convex structure.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, (a) is an internal structure of a typical magnetron tube core, and an anode tube is composed of 10 anode cavities uniformly distributed along the circumference, and (b) is a magnetron provided with a convex structure in the embodiment, wherein the convex structure is a semicircular structure, and the inner walls of the anode cavities are symmetrically distributed.
The working frequency of the anode tube with the convex structure in the embodiment of the invention is the same as that of a magnetron tube core for a household microwave oven, and is 2450MHz.
In the embodiment of the invention, the bulge structure is arranged in the anode cavity, so that the problem of uneven field distribution in the anode cavity caused by the introduction of the output structure and the coupling circuit is solved, and the uniformity of electromagnetic field distribution in the anode cavity structure is improved, thereby improving the single-tube injection wave interaction efficiency and the overall capacity of the arrayed modular magnetron.
The protruding structures in the embodiment of the invention are symmetrically distributed on the inner wall of the anode cavity, the number and the positions of the protruding structures are determined according to the number and the positions of the coupling circuit and the output structure of a single magnetron in the arrayed modular magnetron, and the protruding structures in the embodiment of the invention can be semicircular, rectangular or square structures, and the number of the protruding structures is 2 or more.
The angular dimension of the single raised structure in the embodiment of the invention is less than 1/2 of the angular dimension of the single anode cavity.
Example 2:
the embodiment of the invention provides a novel high-power magnetron unit formed by a magnetron in embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 2, the novel high-power magnetron unit comprises a magnetic circuit system and a high-voltage filtering component, wherein the magnetic circuit system is an adjustable enhanced closed magnetic circuit system and comprises a magnetron, an enhanced upper permanent magnet, an enhanced lower permanent magnet, a magnetron bracket and an adjustable permanent magnet strip;
the magnetic field of the adjustable enhanced closed magnetic circuit system is adjustable.
The novel high-power magnetron unit in the embodiment of the invention adopts a magnetic field adjustable enhanced closed magnetic circuit system, increases the safe distance between a pulse high-voltage wiring terminal and a magnetron bracket and a metal plate of a filter assembly, and lays a foundation for increasing working voltage and improving the power output capability of the magnetron.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the magnetron bracket in fig. 2 includes an upper bracket, a lower bracket, a left bracket, and a right bracket; the upper support, the lower support, the left support and the right support form a closed area, and the magnetron is arranged in the closed area; the left support and the right support are formed by arranging a plurality of adjustable permanent magnet strips made of the same permanent magnet material, and the positions and the number of the adjustable permanent magnet strips can be adjusted.
In the embodiment of the invention, the enhanced upper permanent magnet and the enhanced lower permanent magnet are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the magnetron tube core; the maximum magnetic energy product of the reinforced upper permanent magnet and the reinforced lower permanent magnet is 150 to 160kJ/m 3
The reinforced upper permanent magnet and the reinforced lower permanent magnet in the embodiment of the invention have the same inner and outer radiuses, wherein the outer radius is larger than or equal to the outer radius of the upper permanent magnet and the lower permanent magnet in a magnetron for a household microwave oven and smaller than the distance between a left bracket and a right bracket, and the outer radius in the embodiment of the invention is 40-54mm.
In the embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 3, which is a typical magnetron structure for a household microwave oven, compared with fig. 2, the working frequencies of the two magnetrons are 2450MHz, wherein the working voltage of the typical magnetron in fig. 3 is 4kV, and the working voltage of the magnetron in the embodiment after improvement is 10 to 12kv, which is about 3 times that of the typical magnetron. It can be seen from comparison between fig. 2 and fig. 3 that the radius and volume of the upper and lower permanent magnets in fig. 2 are both larger than those of the corresponding permanent magnets in fig. 3, the left and right supports are replaced by discrete adjustable permanent magnet strips from the original metal plates, the permanent magnet strips can be manually moved, installed or cancelled, the upper and lower permanent magnets and the movable permanent magnet strips form an adjustable closed magnetic circuit system, and it is worth noting that permanent magnet strips can be continuously added to the permanent magnet strips of the left and right supports in fig. 2, so as to enhance the magnetic field strength of the magnetic circuit and improve the magnetic field utilization rate of the magnetic circuit; in the embodiment, the magnetic field with the maximum value exceeding 370mT in the space range of the magnetron electron interaction can be achieved by adopting the adjustable magnetic circuit system, and the magnetic field is about 2.2 times of that of the traditional magnetron magnetic circuit system.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, a high voltage filter assembly is disposed at the upper end of the upper bracket of the magnetic circuit system; the high-voltage filtering component comprises two binding posts and a metal frame plate, wherein the binding posts are vertically arranged, one ends of the binding posts are arranged in the metal frame plate and are respectively connected with the cathode and the filament port, and the other ends of the binding posts are arranged outside the metal frame plate and are respectively connected with the high-voltage output end of the pulse high-voltage power supply and the output end of the filament power supply. In the embodiment of the invention, the peripheries of the two binding posts are coated with insulating materials.
The cathode and filament ports in the embodiment of the invention refer to two ports for supplying power to the magnetron below, the cathode end is an inlet end for supplying working voltage to the magnetron by a power supply, the filament is a component for promoting the cathode to emit electrons, and the filament supplies power to heat the cathode so that the cathode emits electrons, thereby forming current required by the work of the magnetron; a pulsed high voltage power supply is a power supply that supplies power to the cathode and the filament, and this power supply typically has three ports, one to provide high voltage to the cathode, and hence called the high voltage output, one to provide voltage to the filament, which becomes the filament power supply output, and one to ground.
In the embodiment of the present invention, compared with the conventional magnetron for the household microwave oven, as shown in fig. 4, the filter assembly in the typical magnetron for the conventional microwave oven shown in (a) is replaced by (b) the insulating terminals vertically installed at the cathode and the filament port, the top ends of the two terminals are respectively connected with the high voltage input end and the filament power supply input end, the device using the vertical terminals effectively increases the safe distance between the high voltage input end and the top end of the bracket, the distance is 4-5 times of the same distance in the typical magnetron, and the possibility of ignition is reduced, and (c) the structural diagram of the two terminals is shown, and the outer insulating material is made of teflon or ceramic.
In the embodiment of the invention, a metal plate at the top end of the filter assembly is removed, two binding posts with insulating materials are adopted to respectively lead out a cathode and a filament port, the binding posts are vertically arranged on the metal plate at the top end of the filter assembly, one end of each binding post is connected with the cathode or the filament port, the other end of each binding post is far away from the metal plates at the top end, the bottom end, the left end and the right end of the filter assembly and is connected with a high-voltage output end of a pulse high-voltage power supply or a filament power supply terminal, the port of each binding post connected with the high-voltage power supply output end is a high-voltage input end of the binding post, and the port of each binding post connected with the filament power supply terminal is a filament input end of the binding post. Compared with the original magnetron structure, the distance between the high-voltage input end of the binding post and the metal plate at the top end of the filtering component is 4-5 times of the same size in the original magnetron structure, so that the possibility of sparking is reduced, and a foundation is laid for stable work after the working voltage is increased.
In the embodiment of the invention, based on the magnetron structure, the capacity-improved arrayed modular magnetron structure shown in fig. 5 and 6 is formed, and the capacity of an arrayed module is improved by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude through the capacity improvement of a single tube of the magnetron on the basis of high-efficiency interconnection frequency locking and phase locking.

Claims (9)

1. An array modular magnetron is characterized by comprising a plurality of magnetrons, wherein the anode cavity wall of each magnetron is connected with a coupling circuit, and the anode cavity walls of two adjacent magnetrons are connected through the coupling circuit;
in each magnetron, a convex structure is arranged on the inside of the anode cavity connected with the output structure or the coupling circuit of the magnetron.
2. The arrayed modular magnetron of claim 1, wherein the coupling circuit comprises an I-shaped impedance transformer and a standard rectangular waveguide connected to each other.
3. The arrayed modular magnetron of claim 1, wherein the raised structures are symmetrically distributed on an inner wall of the anode cavity;
the number and position of the raised structures are determined according to the number and position of the coupling circuits and the output structures of each magnetron in the arrayed modular magnetron.
4. The arrayed modular magnetrons of claim 1 wherein the angular dimension of each of said raised structures is less than 1/2 of the angular dimension of a single said anode cavity.
5. A novel high-power magnetron unit based on the arrayed modular magnetron of any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized by comprising a magnetic circuit system and a high-voltage filter component, wherein the magnetic circuit system is an adjustable enhanced closed magnetic circuit system and comprises a magnetron, an enhanced upper permanent magnet, an enhanced lower permanent magnet, a magnetron bracket and an adjustable permanent magnet strip;
the magnetic field of the adjustable enhanced closed magnetic circuit system is adjustable.
6. The novel high power magnetron unit of claim 5, wherein the magnetron support comprises an upper support, a lower support, a left support and a right support;
the upper support, the lower support, the left support and the right support form a closed area, and the magnetron is arranged in the closed area;
the left support and the right support are formed by arranging a plurality of adjustable permanent magnet strips with the same permanent magnet material, and the positions and the number of the adjustable permanent magnet strips are adjustable.
7. The novel high power magnetron unit of claim 6, wherein the enhanced upper and lower permanent magnets are disposed at the upper and lower ends of the magnetron tube core, respectively;
the maximum magnetic energy product of the reinforced upper permanent magnet material and the reinforced lower permanent magnet material is 150-160 kJ/m 3
The enhanced upper permanent magnet and the enhanced lower permanent magnet have the same inner and outer radiuses, wherein the outer radius is larger than or equal to the outer radius of the upper permanent magnet and the lower permanent magnet in the magnetron for the household microwave oven and is smaller than the distance between the left bracket and the right bracket.
8. The novel high power magnetron unit of claim 6, wherein a high voltage filter assembly is arranged on the upper end of the upper bracket of the magnetic circuit system;
the high-voltage filtering component comprises two binding posts and a metal frame plate, wherein the binding posts are vertically arranged, one ends of the binding posts are arranged in the metal frame plate and are respectively connected with the cathode and the filament port, and the other ends of the binding posts are arranged outside the metal frame plate and are respectively connected with the high-voltage output end of the pulse high-voltage power supply and the output end of the filament power supply.
9. The novel high power magnetron unit of claim 8 wherein the two posts are peripherally wrapped with an insulating material.
CN202210097801.9A 2021-11-18 2022-01-27 Array module magnetron and novel high-power magnetron unit Active CN114446741B (en)

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CN108807117A (en) * 2018-05-23 2018-11-13 电子科技大学 A kind of double note double frequency relativistic magnetrons of L-band

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