CN114441616A - Method for modifying new coronavirus biological probe on electrochemical biosensor - Google Patents

Method for modifying new coronavirus biological probe on electrochemical biosensor Download PDF

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CN114441616A
CN114441616A CN202111680476.0A CN202111680476A CN114441616A CN 114441616 A CN114441616 A CN 114441616A CN 202111680476 A CN202111680476 A CN 202111680476A CN 114441616 A CN114441616 A CN 114441616A
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electrochemical biosensor
biological probe
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CN114441616B (en
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王利荣
夏铭辰
曹健
郑永旭
姚政
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Guangzhou Jilan Medical Technology Co ltd
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Guangzhou St Testing Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/28Electrolytic cell components
    • G01N27/30Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
    • G01N27/327Biochemical electrodes, e.g. electrical or mechanical details for in vitro measurements
    • G01N27/3275Sensing specific biomolecules, e.g. nucleic acid strands, based on an electrode surface reaction
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/28Electrolytic cell components
    • G01N27/30Electrodes, e.g. test electrodes; Half-cells
    • G01N27/327Biochemical electrodes, e.g. electrical or mechanical details for in vitro measurements
    • G01N27/3275Sensing specific biomolecules, e.g. nucleic acid strands, based on an electrode surface reaction
    • G01N27/3277Sensing specific biomolecules, e.g. nucleic acid strands, based on an electrode surface reaction being a redox reaction, e.g. detection by cyclic voltammetry
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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    • G01N27/26Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/416Systems
    • G01N27/48Systems using polarography, i.e. measuring changes in current under a slowly-varying voltage
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

Compared with methods such as dripping drying and spraying drying, the method has the advantages of uniform and controllable thickness of a modification layer and the like, and the quality of the manufacturing process is more stable. The electrochemical biological probe for the surface chemical modification of the working electrode consists of polyaniline and a bioactive substance, and the solid electrolyte layer material is dry solid potassium ferrocyanide K4[Fe(CN)6]And/or potassium ferricyanide K3[Fe(CN)6]The method quantitatively fixes the electrochemical biological probe and electrolyte which need to be added in the electrochemical detection process on the surface of the electrode by a special modification method, thereby reducing the pretreatment in the previous electrochemical detection operation process.

Description

Method for modifying new coronavirus biological probe on electrochemical biosensor
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical detection, in particular to a method for modifying a novel coronavirus biological probe on an electrochemical biosensor.
Background
The detection method of the novel coronavirus mainly comprises a nucleic acid detection method, an antibody detection method and an antigen detection method. Because the detection rate of antigen detection is low, the current new crown detection mainly focuses on antibody and nucleic acid detection. Nucleic acid detection is a 'gold standard' of novel coronavirus detection at present, has the characteristics of early diagnosis, high sensitivity and specificity and the like, but the method can be realized only by a corresponding real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR instrument, professional technicians and other specific conditions; the antibody detection is convenient and fast to operate and rapid to detect, and can be used as a supplementary means for nucleic acid diagnosis, but the antibody detection is easy to generate the conditions of 'false positive' and 'false negative', so that the development of a detection method which is simpler and easier to popularize is urgent.
The electrochemical biosensor mainly adopts a solid electrode as a basic electrode, fixes bioactive substances (such as enzymes, cells, antibodies, nucleic acid aptamers and the like) as molecular recognition substances on the surface of the electrode, captures target molecules on the surface of the electrode through the specific recognition effect among biological molecules, and converts concentration signals into measurable electric signals such as potential, current, resistance or capacitance and the like as corresponding signals by the basic electrode, thereby realizing the quantitative or qualitative analysis of target analytes.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a method for modifying a novel coronavirus biological probe on an electrochemical biosensor.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for modifying a novel coronavirus biological probe on an electrochemical biosensor specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing an aniline solution: adding an aniline monomer into an acid solution, and then adding ultrapure water to prepare an aniline solution;
(2) preparing a polyaniline modified electrode: putting a working electrode into the aniline solution prepared in the step (1), and performing cyclic voltammetry for 20 circles under the voltage of-0.1V-1.0V to finish electropolymerization modification, wherein polyaniline is formed on the surface of the working electrode;
(3) preparing an activated solution with pH of 7-8 and containing EDC and NHS;
(4) adding the antibody into the activation solution, and activating at 2-8 ℃ for 12-24 h to obtain an antibody modification solution;
(5) uniformly dripping the antibody modification solution on the surface of polyaniline to naturally dry the polyaniline;
(6) and (3) uniformly spraying the potassium ferricyanide solution and/or the potassium ferrocyanide solution on the surface of the dried electrode prepared in the step (5) to naturally dry the electrode.
The technical scheme of the invention is to modify the conductive material on the surface of the electrode by an electropolymerization mode, and compared with methods such as dripping drying and spraying drying, the method has the advantages of uniform and controllable thickness of a modification layer and the like, so that the quality of the manufacturing process is more stable. The electrochemical biological probe for the surface chemical modification of the working electrode consists of polyaniline and a bioactive substance, and the material of a solid electrolyte layer is dry solid ferricyanide K4[Fe(CN)6]And/or K3[Fe(CN)6]。
The electrochemical biosensor prepared by the technical scheme of the invention has the working principle that: after a sample to be detected contacts the sensor, the solid dielectric layer on the surface of the sensor is quickly dissolved in sample water to form an ionic electrolyte solution; the substance to be detected in the sample is captured by the electrochemical biological probe and is specifically combined, the combination process generates potential change in the electrolyte solution, and the electrochemical biological probe amplifies the electric signal; whether the substance to be detected exists or not is judged by detecting whether the potential changes in the specific binding process by using an electrochemical method, and the concentration of the substance to be detected is reflected by the magnitude of the potential change.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the acid solution in the step (1) is a 2M sulfuric acid solution; the adding volume of the aniline monomer is 1-1.5% of the volume of the acid solution; the volume of the ultrapure water is 0.8-1.2 times of the volume of the acid solution.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the adding volume of the aniline monomer in the step (1) is 1.08 percent of the volume of the acid solution; the adding volume of the ultrapure water is 1 time of the volume of the acid solution.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the activated solution containing EDC and NHS in the step (3) is prepared by adding 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxythiosuccinimidyl sodium salt to a mixed solution of PBS and NaOH.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the volume ratio of the added amount of the 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride to the mixed solution of PBS and NaOH is 0.1 g/mL; the volume ratio of the added amount of the N-hydroxy-thiosuccinimidyl sodium salt to the mixed solution of PBS and NaOH is 0.1 g/mL.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the PBS and NaOH mixed solution is formed by mixing 0.01M PBS solution and 1M NaOH solution according to the volume ratio of 7: 3.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the antibody in step (4) is a monoclonal antibody. The monoclonal Antibody is an anti-S protein monoclonal Antibody (SARS-CoV-2(2019-nCoV) Spike Neutralizing Antibody, Rabbit Mab) purchased from Tai Shenzhou science and technology Co., Ltd. (cargo number: 40592-R117). The monoclonal antibody protein in the biological probe can specifically recognize the binding site of the S protein on the surface of the new coronavirus and is specifically combined with the binding site.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the step (4), the antibody is added to the activation solution so that the concentration of the antibody in the activation solution is 0.1. mu.g/mL.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dropping amount of the antibody modification solution on the surface of polyaniline is 30 to 50 μ L, and most preferably 40 μ L.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the concentration of the potassium ferricyanide solution in the step (6) is 5mM, and the concentration of the potassium ferrocyanide solution is 5 mM. The spraying amount of the potassium ferricyanide solution and/or the potassium ferrocyanide solution is 80-120 mu L, and the optimal spraying amount is 100 mu L. The ferricyanide is covered on the surface of the electrode in a solid state, and can be quickly dissolved in water, so that the ferricyanide can form an ionic electrolyte solution with quantitative concentration by controlling the sample adding amount during detection.
Compared with the prior art, the electrochemical biosensor manufactured by the prior art has no dielectric layer, and substances in liquid carried in a sample are used as electrolytes during detection, or electrolyte reagents are independently added during work to serve as reaction backgrounds. Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the electrochemical biological probe and the electrolyte which need to be added in the electrochemical detection process are quantitatively fixed on the surface of the electrode by a special modification method, so that the pretreatment in the conventional electrochemical detection operation process is reduced. The electrochemical biosensor prepared by the invention can realize rapid detection by directly adding samples without independently providing a reaction environment and a reagent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the modification process of the novel coronavirus biological probe on an electrochemical biosensor in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the modification process of the novel coronavirus biological probe in the electrochemical biosensor;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the new coronavirus S protein IT-Curve electrochemical test;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the linear relationship between the potential and the S protein of the novel coronavirus at different concentrations;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the specific response of the electrochemical biosensor for detecting new coronavirus to the new coronavirus according to the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The invention relates to an electrochemical biosensor for detecting new coronavirus, which comprises a biological probe, a reference electrode and an auxiliary electrode which are modified on a working electrode of the electrochemical biosensor for detecting new coronavirus, wherein the working electrode is selected from any one of the following materials: gold, platinum, copper, glassy carbon, FTO and ITO.
Example 2
A method for modifying a novel coronavirus biological probe on an electrochemical biosensor comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing an aniline solution: 27 μ L of aniline monomer was added to 2.5mL of 2M H2SO4Then, 2.5mL of ultrapure water is added to prepare aniline solution;
(2) preparing a polyaniline modified electrode: putting the working electrode into aniline solution, and carrying out cyclic voltammetry for 20 circles under the voltage of-0.1V-1.0V to finish electropolymerization modification, wherein polyaniline is formed on the surface of the working electrode;
(3) preparing an activation solution: adding 0.5g of 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and 0.5g of 0.5g N-sodium hydroxysulfosuccinimide into a mixed solution of 3.5mL of PBS (0.01M) and 1.5mL of NaOH (1M) to prepare an activation solution, wherein the pH value of the activation solution is 7-8;
(4) preparing an antibody modification solution: adding 0.1 mu g of anti-S protein monoclonal antibody (SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV)) into 1mL of activation solution, and placing the solution at the temperature of 2-8 ℃ for activation for 12-24 h to obtain an antibody modification solution;
(5) uniformly dripping 40 mu L of antibody modification solution on the surface of polyaniline to naturally dry the polyaniline;
(6) and (3) uniformly spraying 100 mu L of 5mM potassium ferricyanide solution on the surface of the dried electrode prepared in the step (5) to naturally dry the electrode.
Example 3
The electrochemical biosensor of example 1 is used for chronoamperometric detection of the new coronavirus, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) 100. mu.L of PBS (0.01mol/L) was dropped onto the surface of the electrochemical biosensor of example 1, and the electrolyte solution was dissolved.
(2) The electrochemical biosensor in example 1 was measured using an electrochemical workstation for peak potential by differential pulse voltammetry, set to the initial potential parameter of chronoamperometry, and started chronoamperometry for detection, and 20. mu.L of a detection sample solution (PBS: K was used) was added to the electrochemical biosensor after 280s4[Fe(CN)6]/K3[Fe(CN)6]1: 1 dilution), 620s later, the chronoamperometric detection is ended.
As can be seen from FIG. 3, the electrochemical detection method can detect SARS-CoV-2(2019-nCoV), and the value of the chronoamperometric current is increased after the SARS-CoV-2(2019-nCoV) S protein solution is added, and is significantly different from the change of the value of 0 pg/mL.
As can be seen from FIG. 4, the electrochemical detection method can detect SARS-CoV-2(2019-nCoV), and after the SARS-CoV-2(2019-nCoV) S protein solution is added, the timing current value is increased, and the current value and the concentration are in a linear relationship.
Example 4 specificity test
(1) 100. mu.L of PBS (0.01mol/L) was dropped onto the surface of the electrochemical biosensor of example 1, and the electrolyte solution was dissolved.
(2) The peak potential of the electrochemical biosensor in example 1 was measured using differential pulse voltammetry, set to chronoamperometric initial potential parameters, chronoamperometric detection was initiated, and 20. mu.L of a negative control sample solution (MERS-CoV Spike Protein, HCoV-NL63 Spike Protein, ddH) was added to the electrochemical biosensor after 280s2O), PBS and K are used for detecting sample solution4[Fe(CN)6]/K3[Fe(CN)6]1: 1, diluting, and ending the chronoamperometric detection after 620 s.
As can be seen from FIG. 5, this electrochemical detection method can detect SARS-CoV-2(2019-nCoV) and is also effective against MERS-CoV, HCov-NL63, ddH2O has no response. After the addition of the negative control solution, the chronoamperometric value increased, but the change in value was significantly different from that of the positive sample.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for modifying a novel coronavirus biological probe on an electrochemical biosensor is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing an aniline solution: adding an aniline monomer into an acid solution, and then adding ultrapure water to prepare an aniline solution;
(2) preparing a polyaniline modified electrode: putting a working electrode into the aniline solution prepared in the step (1), and performing cyclic voltammetry under the voltage of-0.1V-1.0V to form polyaniline on the surface of the working electrode;
(3) preparing an activated solution with pH of 7-8 and containing EDC and NHS;
(4) adding the antibody into an activation solution, and activating at 2-8 ℃ for 12-24 h to obtain an antibody modification solution;
(5) uniformly dripping the antibody modification solution on the surface of polyaniline to naturally dry the polyaniline;
(6) and (3) uniformly spraying the potassium ferricyanide solution and/or the potassium ferrocyanide solution on the surface of the dried electrode prepared in the step (5) to naturally dry the electrode.
2. The method for modifying the novel coronavirus biological probe on the electrochemical biosensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the acid solution in the step (1) is a 2M sulfuric acid solution; the adding volume of the aniline monomer is 1-1.5% of the volume of the acid solution; the volume of the ultrapure water is 0.8-1.2 times of the volume of the acid solution.
3. The method for modifying the novel coronavirus biological probe on the electrochemical biosensor as claimed in claim 2, wherein the aniline monomer is added in the step (1) in an amount of 1.08% of the volume of the acid solution; the adding volume of the ultrapure water is 1 time of the volume of the acid solution.
4. The method for modifying the electrochemical biosensor with the neo-coronavirus biological probe as defined in claim 1, wherein the activation solution containing EDC and NHS in step (3) is prepared by adding 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride and N-hydroxythiosuccinimidyl sodium salt to a mixed solution of PBS and NaOH.
5. The method for modifying the novel coronavirus biological probe on the electrochemical biosensor as claimed in claim 4, wherein the volume ratio of the added amount of the 1-ethyl- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride to the mixed solution of PBS and NaOH is 0.1 g/mL; the volume ratio of the added amount of the N-hydroxy-thiosuccinimidyl sodium salt to the mixed solution of PBS and NaOH is 0.1 g/mL.
6. The method for modifying the new coronavirus biological probe on the electrochemical biosensor as claimed in claim 4 or 5, wherein the mixed solution of PBS and NaOH is prepared by mixing 0.01M PBS solution and 1M NaOH solution according to a volume ratio of 7: 3.
7. The method for modifying the novel coronavirus biological probe on the electrochemical biosensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the antibody in the step (4) is a monoclonal antibody.
8. The method for modifying the novel coronavirus biological probe on the electrochemical biosensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the antibody is added into the activation solution so that the concentration of the antibody in the activation solution is 0.1 μ g/mL.
9. The method for modifying the novel coronavirus biological probe on the electrochemical biosensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dropping amount of the antibody modification solution on the surface of the polyaniline is 30-50 μ L.
10. The method for modifying the novel coronavirus biological probe on the electrochemical biosensor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the concentration of the potassium ferrate solution is 5 mM; the concentration of the potassium ferrocyanide solution is 5 mM; the spraying amount of the potassium ferricyanide solution and/or the potassium ferrocyanide is 80-120 mu L.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN115184432A (en) * 2022-08-24 2022-10-14 南通伊仕生物技术股份有限公司 Three-electrode system electrochemical sensor for detecting novel coronavirus antigen
CN117347460A (en) * 2023-12-05 2024-01-05 广州市赛特检测有限公司 Biological immunosensor based on screen printing carbon electrode surface modification and preparation method thereof

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CN117347460B (en) * 2023-12-05 2024-03-12 广州市赛特检测有限公司 Biological immunosensor based on screen printing carbon electrode surface modification and preparation method thereof

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